| U.S. Fossil Fuel Resources: Terminology, Reporting, and Summary |
28-Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Carol Glover; Gene Whitney; Carl E Behrens; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | Discussions of U.S. and global energy supply refer to oil, natural gas, and coal using several terms that may be unfamiliar to some. The terms used to describe different types of fossil fuels have technically precise definitions, and misunderstanding or misuse of these terms may lead to errors and confusion in estimating energy available or making comparisons among fuels, regions, or nations. Fossil fuels are categorized, classified, and named using ... |
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| Foundation Elements for Naval Low-Rise Buildings |
Oct-2009 |
201 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Hatch; Michael P Wolcott; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN WOOD MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LAB
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 | Natural fiber composites are commonly used in residential decking, siding, and fencing applications, but their use in high-load structural applications has been limited by their low strength performance. However, wood-plastic composites (WPCs) consisting of nylon 12 and thermoplastic epoxy resin (TPER) exhibit excellent mechanical performance. This study evaluated the extrusion parameters for each composite including: barrel/die temperature profile, lubricant compatibility, wood flour (WF) content, and WF moisture content (MC). Increases ... |
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| Static Experiments of Partially Buried Cased Charges Against Earth and Timber Bunkers |
Jan-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Pearson; Amy Tank; Denis Rickman; Jay Ehrgott; Jason Angel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| The US Army Research Laboratory (ARL), in conjunction with the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), performed experiments to assess the effects of a partially buried charge against an earth and timber bunker. The experiments were designed to evaluate the ground shock and airblast environment, as well as the resultant loads on the bunker, produced by a cased charge with a TNT-equivalence of 41.4 Kg. ARL's Model of Earth and ... |
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| Hydrothermal Processing of Base Camp Solid Wastes To Allow Onsite Recycling |
Sep-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Gary L Gerdes; Deborah Curtin; Christopher Gutkowski; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| Bouldin Corp., McMinnville, TN, has developed a technology to process domestic solid waste using a unique hydrothermal system. The process was successfully demonstrated at Forts Benning and Campbell, where it was determined that, while the process was energy intensive, it had potential as a means to recycle Army solid wastes, both within and outside the Continental United States. The purpose of this study was to determine if the hydrothermal system ... |
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| Engineering Evaluation Tests of 16 Gauge vs 14 Gauge Staples IAW MIL-STD-1660, 40MM Cartridge on Wooden Pallet |
MAY 2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery L. Dugan; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SJMAC-DEV) conducted Engineering Evaluation Tests IAW MIL-STD-1660, "Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads" on the use of 16 gauge staples vs 14 gauge staples. The unit load tested simulated 40MM cartridges, packed 32 per PA120 metal container, and unitized 48 containers per 40" x 48" pallet. Three test units were tested with a load of 2,290 lbs, 2,295 lbs, and ... |
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| Feasibility Investigation into Strengthening of Timber Bridge Stringers |
MAY 2007 |
142 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Lamanna; Arda Akbiyik; James C. Ray; Gerardo I. Velazquez; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
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| The majority of timber bridges in the United States are nearing the end of their service life. They exhibit several types of damage, which occurs in their structural elements such as timber stringers. The most commonly encountered damage type in timber stringers in bridge structures is horizontal splits. Researchers investigated the feasibility of repairing timber stringers that showed signs of horizontal splitting along the length of the member. Timber stringer ... |
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| Fort Campbell Childers House: Historic Maintenance and Repair Manual |
SEP 2006 |
226 pages |
| Authors:
Adam Smith; Jennifer Feucht; Megan W. Tooker; Sunny Stone; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| The Childers House is located at Fort Campbell, Kentucky (the house is located in Montgomery County, Tennessee). The Childers family built the house during the years of 1938 and 1939. The cultural resources firm of Dennison and O'Malley found the building ineligible for National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) nomination in 1977, determining that the house did not meet the NRHP Criteria. A more detailed report in the 1990s concurred ... |
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| Investigation of Mechanical Processes for Removing Lead-Based Paint (LBP) from Wood Siding |
SEP 2006 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Falk; John Janowiak; Richard G. Lampo; Thomas R. Napier; Stephen D. Cosper; Susan A. Drozdz; Steven Larson; Edgar D. Smith; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| The U.S. Army is responsible for thousands of World War II-era wooden temporary buildings that must be removed in order to reduce Department of Defense (DoD) real property inventories. Most of those buildings were used long past their intended service lives and were well maintained. They contain large quantities of reusable wood materials with a significant potential resale value. Standard demolition procedures would destroy the value of that material and ... |
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| Beach Erosion Mitigation and Sediment Management Alternatives at Wallops Island, VA |
SEP 2006 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Morang; Greggory G. Williams; Jerry W. Swean; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION WALLOPS ISLAND VA WALLOPS FLIGHT CENTER
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| The Goddard Space Flight Center, Wallops Flight Facility (WFF), is located on the eastern shore of Virginia facing the Atlantic Ocean. The island has experienced erosion throughout the six decades that NASA has occupied the site. Near the south part of the island, at the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport (MARS) spaceport, shoreline retreat from 1857 to the present averaged about 3.7 m/year. Further south, adjacent to Assawoman Inlet, retreat exceeded 5 ... |
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| Naval Advanced Wood Composites- Project End Report (CD-ROM) |
30 MAR 2005 |
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| Authors:
Michael P. Wolcott; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN WOOD MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 27 files; Adobe Acrobat (.PDF). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 CD-ROM; 4 3/4 in.; 15.6 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: ABSTRACT: The US Navy has a considerable inventory of timber structures. As with other coastal communities, these structures are exposed to many forms of mechanical and environmental assault. Building durability problems can be traced to a range of factors that include moisture retention from impermeable building envelopes, moisture intrusion ... |
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| Strength of Small-Diameter Round and Tapered Bending Members |
MAR 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ron Wolfe; Joe Murphy; DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
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| An early focus on structural use of processed rather than round timber resulted in an underestimation of the structural advantages of retaining the natural form of small-diameter round timber. In the round and tapered form, timbers are not susceptible to the strength-reducing effects of diving grain and exposed juvenile wood. Fiber continuity around knots on the surface of a debarked log rarely exhibits the stress concentration and fracture propagation commonly ... |
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| Intermodal Storage and Transport Frame (ISTF) MIL-STD-1660 Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads Tests |
MAR 2004 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Philip W. Barickman; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SJMAC-DEV) was tasked by the Transportation Engineering Division, (SJMAC-DET) to conduct testing on the Intermodal Storage and Transport Frame (ISTF), manufactured by Mobile Shelter Systems, Inc. The ISTF was evaluated by the testing procedures set forth in MIL-STD-1660. Stacking, vibration, edgewise rotational drop, incline impact, sling compatibility, forklifting, and disassembly testing were conducted on the ISTF units. Each unit sustained ... |
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| 37TH International Wood Composite Materials Symposium (CD-ROM) |
31 OCT 2003 |
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| Authors:
Robert J. Tichy; Vikram Yadama; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN WOOD MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 424 files; Adobe Acrobat (.PDF). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc (CD-ROM); 4 3/4 in.; 66.2 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: ABSTRACT: The 37th International Wood Composite Materials Symposium, held annually at Washington State University (WSU), serves as an annual global meeting point for managers and technologists in the wood composite materials industries, including particleboard, medium density fiberboard, oriented strand board and other engineered wood products. The ... |
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| Modular Storage and Transport Frame (MSTF) Low, MIL-STD-1660, "Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads" Testing |
SEP 2003 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Philip W. Barickman; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SJMAC-DEV) was tasked by Mobile Shelter Systems, Inc. to conduct testing to determine if the Modular Storage and Transport Frame (MSTF) Low, manufactured by Mobile Shelter Systems, Inc., was adequate for unitization and transportation of boxed ammunition. The MSTF Low was evaluated by the testing procedures set forth in MIL-STD-1660. Stacking, repetitive shock, edgewise rotational drop, incline impact, sling compatibility, ... |
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| PA116/171 Containers ona Wood Pallet With Metal Top Adapter, MIL-STD- 1660, First Article Tests |
SEP 2003 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery L. Dugan; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SJMAC-DEV) conducted First Article Tests per MIL-STD-1660, "Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads" on the PA116/171 containers on a wood pallet with metal top adapter provided by Alliant Tech Ordnance and Ground Systems LLC of Plymouth, MN. Two separate containers were tested with total weights of 2,470 lbs each. The tests accomplished on the test units were the stacking, repetitive ... |
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| Cost And Performance Report; Application of Thermocouple Conversion to Destroy Demolition Debris from Fort Ord |
02 JUL 2003 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
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| A series of thermal treatment tests were conducted on military wood waste contaminated with lead-based paint for the U.S. Army Engineer Research & Development Center Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC/CERL) champaign, Illinois under a contract with the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) in Port Hueneme California. The tests were designed to collect data that would facilitate the design and capital/operational cost estimates for a transportable treatment system that could ... |
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| Riparian Woodland Restoration Project |
SEP 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia A. Delwiche; CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV CHICO
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| The purpose of this project was to plant native woody species on a 15.6-acre parcel of land in the Lower Dry Creek area of Beale Air Force Base in Northern California, while simultaneously investigating some factors (plant age, plant protection) that are thought to contribute to efficient riparian restoration and to affect plant performance. The project was funded ($49,500.00) by the U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity (USAMRAA) for the ... |
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| Wood-Fired Boiler System Evaluation at Fort Stewart, GA |
AUG 2002 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Noel L. Potts; Charles M. Schmidt; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| Part of the plan to modernize the central energy plant (CEP) at Fort Stewart, GA is focused on the installations wood-fired boiler, which provides steam for heating, cooling, and domestic hot water. The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC/CERL) was tasked with supporting Fort Stewart in planning its CEP modernization. Researchers made site visits 1-3 November 2000 and 5-6 December 2000, inspected the CEP ... |
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| CORDSTRAP(tm) W/MK-82 Bombs, TP-94-01, "Transportability Testing Procedures" |
JUL 2002 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Philip W. Barickman; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division, (SOSAC-DEV), was tasked by the USAF Air Expeditionary Battlelab to conduct transportability testing and to validate Cordstrap(Trademark) material as an alternative to using wood for blocking and bracing the MK-82 500 pounds bombs in an end-opening 20 foot-long intermodal container. Based on our review and testing, the Cordstrap(Trademark) material was not effective as an alternative to wood for restraint of ... |
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| Options to the Use of Halons for Aircraft Fire Suppression Systems - 2002 Update |
FEB 2002 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Tapscott; Louise C. Speitel; WILLIAM J HUGHES TECHNICAL CENTER ATLANTIC CITY NJ
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| This report contains a summary of available fire suppression agents and their properties. The applicability of various technologies for each major onboard aircraft application is assessed. Classes of agents, with presently available agents listed, are recommended for use in the development of test protocols. The test protocol developed for a class of agents can be used, with minor modifications, to test all agents belonging to that class. |
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| Maximum Impact Force of Woody Debris on Floodplain Structures |
FEB 2002 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B. Haehnel; Steven F. Daly; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| We collided woody debris (i.e. logs) with structures using flume and test basin laboratory facilities to investigate the maximum impact force that floodplain structures are exposed to by floating woody debris. The tests investigated the influence of collision geometry and construction material of the structure face on the maximum impact forces. Collision geometry was determined by the debris orientation on impact. We reviewed the three approaches that represent the existing ... |
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| Box, Wooden for 105MM Howitzer Ammunition in a Fiber Container, M105A3, United Nations (UN) Performance Oriented Packaging (POP) Test |
JAN 2002 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SOSAC-DEV), was tasked by the McAlester Army Ammunition Plant (MCAAP) to conduct a UN POP Test for box, wooden for 105 mm Howitzer ammunition In a fiber container, M105A3. Six test sample boxes were used in the tests. No significant flaws were found. As a result of the performance of the containers during testing, the box, wooden for 105 mm ... |
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| An Anion Characterization of a Constructed Wetland Used for Chlorinated Ethene Remediation |
MAR 2001 |
264 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley M. Bugg; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
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| Chlorinated ethene's physical properties as well as its ubiquitous state at DOD installations makes it a priority for innovative remediation efforts. Current techniques are expensive and time consuming to maintain. Constructed wetlands suggest an inexpensive and operational alternative to conventional technologies. Sub-surface flow wetlands provide the anaerobic zones necessary to reduce the recalcitrant chlorinated solvents prior to anaerobic or aerobic mineralization of its daughter products. A vertical flow cell to ... |
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| 2.75-Inch Training Rocket, PA150 Containers on Wooden Pallets with Metal Top Lift, MIL-STD-1660 First Article Test (FAT) |
JAN 2001 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER MCALESTER OK VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
|
| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SMAAC-DEV), was tasked by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to conduct a First Article Test (FAT) per MlL- STD-1660, 'Deign Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads" on the 2.75-inch Training Rocket, PAl 50 Containers on Wooden Pallets With Metal Top Lift. Three pallets were evaluated using MlL-STD-I660 test requirements. Significant flaws were found in Pallet I ... |
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| Online Sorting of Wood Treated with Chromated Copper Arsenate Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy |
2001 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas M. Moskal; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| The use of the CCA chemical as a wood treatment to protect against insect and fungal deterioration has had commercial application for the past twenty-five to thirty years. While CCA treated wood has several benefits, with perhaps the most important being the saving of an estimated 225 million trees annually due to its longer service life, there are growing concerns that the handling and disposal of CCA treated wood may ... |
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| Biostabilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH's) under Denitrification Conditions in Sediments |
30 SEP 2000 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Tania B. Mahajan; Richard N. Zare; J. S. Gillette; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The research assessed the fundamental character of the binding of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds to sediments that make the PAHs more or less bioavailable and toxic. Complementary techniques were employed to provide direct microscale information on-the sequestration of PAH contaminants in Milwaukee Harbor sediment particles. Two-step laser mass spectrometry was used for PAH measurements, infrared microscopy was used for organic carbon measurements, and scanning ... |
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| Forest Service Proposed Regulations Adequately Address Some, but Not All, Key Elements of Forest Planning |
SEP 2000 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
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| Federal land management is inherently contentious. Our work has found that a lack of clear direction on how to resolve conflicts among competing uses on national forest lands has contributed significantly to inefficiency and waste in the Forest Service's development and implementation of forest plans. To address this deficiency, the agency's 1999 proposed planning regulations would make ecological sustainability, rather than economic or social sustainability, the ... |
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| Biostabilization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Under Denitrification Conditions in Sediments |
14 JUN 2000 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph T. Bushey; Ik-Sung Ahn; Upal Ghosh; Richard G. Luthy; Tania Mahajan; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
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| Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford University investigated the anaerobic biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated sediments under bioslurry denitrifying conditions. Samples from sediment bioslurry tests and toxicity bioassays were used to assess PAH bioavailability as inferred from subparticle-scale measurement of PAH locations on sediment particles and association with sorbent organic matter. The research employed new microscale, analytic measurement techniques: microprobe, two-step laser desorption/laser ionization mass spectrometry; infrared microspectroscopy; ... |
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| Streambank Habitat Enhancement with Large Woody Debris |
MAY 2000 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
J. C. Fischenich; James V. Morrow Jr.; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER
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| Naturally occurring large woody debris (LWD) (i.e., > 10 cm diameter and 2 m in length) is an important component of many lotic systems. It provides velocity refuge and overhead cover for fishes, substrate for aquatic invertebrates, and can be an important source of particulate organic matter adding to primary productivity of a stream. Large woody debris also plays a major role in stream channel ... |
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| Tackifier Interfacial Segregation in Pressure Sensitive Adhesives |
01 MAR 2000 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Mark D. Foster; Adriana Paiva-Ramirez; AKRON UNIV OH INST OF POLYMER SCIENCE
|
| The aim is to precisely characterize the tackifier distribution in model pressure sensitive adhesives and correlate variations in this distribution with the adhesives properties. Work focused on investigating the mechanical properties of the model adhesives near the surface, following the aging of a phase separated model adhesive, and synthesizing and isolating a new model tackifier which is closer in structure to common commercial tackifiers derived from wood rosin. Probing of ... |
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| Prescribed Burn at Pine Bluff Arsenal |
MAR 2000 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Lance Peacock; Douglas Zollber; Scott Simon; NATURE CONSERVANCY LITTLE ROCK AR
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| Previous to the establishment of the arsenal in 1941 the area was a mix of farms and forest. The area was cutover for timber before 1920. The flat areas were cultivated and steeper area used as woodlots and grazing for cattle and hogs. Abandoned fields grew up in pine or in some cases were planted in pine during the 1930's. The burning of farm stubble and woodlands ... |
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| A Habitat-Based Approach to Management of Tallgrass Prairies at the Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge |
NOV 1999 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L. Schroeder; Kristine Askerooth; MIDCONTINENT ECOLOGICAL SCIENCE CENTER FORT COLLINS CO
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| National Wildlife Refuges are required to manage habitat in accord with an approved Comprehensive Conservation Plan containing specific. measurable habitat objectives. Tallgrass prairie habitat is of critical concern at the Tewaukon National Wildlife Refuge Habitat management directed at improving conditions for declining bird species, rare butterflies and a diversity of tallgrass flora is assumed to contribute substantially toward the broad goal of maintaining native biodiversity ... |
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| Experiments in Sheltering in Place: How Filtering Affects Protection Against Sarin and Mustard Vapor |
JUN 1999 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
William K. Blewett; Victor J. Arca; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| A two-room cottage of conventional wooden construction was subjected to a series of transient vapor challenges with sarin, mustard, and methyl salicylate (a simulant for mustard) to measure the protection afforded by sheltering in place. The purpose of the experiments was to determine how sorption of the agent by the shell and interior surfaces of the building (passive filtering) affects protection. Experiments also measured the improvement in protection attainable by ... |
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| Rapid Stabilization of Thawing Soils for Enhanced Vehicle Mobility. A field Demonstration Project |
FEB 1999 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Maureen A. Kestler; Sally A. Shoop; Karen S. Henry; Jeffrey A. Stark; Rosa T. Affleck; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Thawing soil presents a formidable challenge for vehicle operations cross-country and on unsurfaced roads. To mitigate the problem, a variety of stabilization techniques were evaluated for their suitability for rapid employment to enhance military vehicle operations. A combination of mechanical stabilization methods including several lightweight fills, geosynthetics, and tire and wood mats, were constructed and tested during the annual training exercises of the 229th Engineers of the Wisconsin National Guard ... |
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| Natural Resources Management on Corps of Engineers Water Resources Development Projects: Practices, Challenges, and Perspectives on the Future |
DEC 1998 |
156 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L. Kasual; Chester O. Martin; R. S. Jackson; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS
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| Natural resources management on U.S. Army Corps of Engineers water resources development projects was documented from the responses of management personnel to a detailed questionnaire mailed to a stratified random sample of projects. The survey was sent in January 1996 to 66 Corps projects (19 percent of the sampling frame) selected at random within 10 Corps Divisions located in the contiguous United States. Results were ... |
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| Federal Land Management Appraisals of Headwaters Forest Properties |
DEC 1998 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
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| We did not identify any areas in which the appraisals of the Headwaters and Elk River properties deviated from federal appraisal standards. Federal appraisal standards state that the government should appraise a property to be acquired at its fair market value. The appraiser of the Headwaters property produced a limited appraisal with four market values-one value for each of four timber harvest assumptions provided by BLM. In calculating these four ... |
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| Structural Evaluation Procedures for Heavy Wood Truss Structures |
JUL 1998 |
112 pages |
| Authors:
Mohsen A. Issa; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Army Regulation 420-70, Buildings and Structures, requires the inspection of trusses, roof framing, and other structural items every 2 to 5 years. In some cases, detailed evaluations of heavy wood structures are needed as subsequent steps of inspection to check structural integrity under design loads specified by current building codes. An evaluation procedure for wood structures differs from conventional methods used in steel, concrete, and masonry structures because, in wood ... |
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| M118 Demolition Charge in Wirebound Wooden Box United Nations (UN) performance Oriented Packaging (POP) Tests |
APR 1998 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley J. Haas; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER AND SCHOOL SAVANNA IL VALIDATION ENGINEERINGDIV
|
| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SIOAC-DEV) was tasked by U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to conduct United Nations (UN) Performance Oriented Packaging (POP) tests on the package of Ml 18 demolition charges in a wirebound wooden box, for compliance with UN POP requirements. The Ml 18 demolition charges in a wirebound wooden box met all UN POP test requirements. |
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| The Environmental Impacts of Boating; Proceedings of a Workshop held at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole MA USA, December 7 to 9, 1994 |
MAR 1998 |
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| Authors:
Richard E. Crawford; Nils E. Stolpe; Michael J. Moore; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
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| Substantiated impacts of boating activity discussed at this workshop include: (1) sediment and contaminant resuspension and resultant turbidity; (2) laceration of aquatic vegetation with loss of faunal habitat and substrate stability; (3) toxic effects of chemical emissions of boat engines; (4) increased turbulence; (5) shearing of plankton; (6) shorebird disturbance; and (7) the biological effects of chemically treated wood used in dock and bulkhead construction. These discussions revealed that many ... |
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| Acute Airway Injury and Response: Combined Effect of Smoke and Combustion Products on Mucin Gene Expression and Regulated Mucin Production in the Tracheal-Bronchial Epithelium (CIC3) |
DEC 97 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Sambhu Bhattacharyya; WILLIAM BEAUMONT ARMY MEDICAL CENTER ELPASO TX
|
| Rabbit tracheal explants, exposed to burning pine wood smoke, were cultured in a chemically defined medium with and without retinoic acid(+/-RA). 15-20 minute exposures led to a RA-independent degeneration of the mucocilitary epithelial sheath. In 10 minute exposures tissue integrity was retained, but epithelial morphology changed from normal pseudostratified columnar to the flattened appearance typical of the squamous phenotype. Despite the dramatic shift in morphology, explants exhibited normal RA-dependent mucin ... |
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| Investigation of Fall Protection for Residential Roof Construction and Repair in Hawaii |
AUG 1997 |
252 pages |
| Authors:
Holly M. Johnson; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU
|
| The scope of this study is limited to residential roof construction in Hawaii, to include new construction, renovation, and maintenance of single family residences, townhouses, and commercial buildings with residential-style (wooden or light-gauge steel truss and gable) roof systems. The study includes investigations of unique residences for individual homeowners, developments of single family homes and townhouses, and selected commercial sites. The study includes projects for private as well as public ... |
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| Demonstration of a 1 MWe Biomass Power Plant at USMC Base Camp Lejeune |
AUG 1997 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. Cleland; C. R. Purvis; RESEARCH TRIANGLE INST RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
|
| A biomass energy conversion project is being sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to demonstrate an environmental and economically sound electrical power option for government installations, industrial sites, rural cooperatives, small municipalities, and developing countries. Under a cooperative agreement with EPA, Research Triangle Institute is initiating operation of the Camp Lejeune Energy from Wood (CLEW) biomass plant. Wood gasification combined with internal combustion engines was chosen because of ... |
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| Yaupon (Ilex vomitoria): Section 7.5.10, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Wildlife Resources Management Manual |
AUG 97 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Chester O. Martin; Sarah P. Mott; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Yanpon (ilex vomitoria) is an evergreen shrub or small tree that is common in the moist pine and hardwood forests of the south Atlantic-Gulf Coastal Plain and the savanna scrublands of east- central Texas. Ilex the largest genus of the family Aquifoliaceae, contains 14 species native to the United States (Harrar and Harrar 1962). Of the 6 holly species found in the southern United States, including American holly (L opaca), ... |
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| Improved Inspection of Wooden Vessel Fasteners |
AUG 1997 |
132 pages |
| Authors:
Kurt A. Hansen; COAST GUARD RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER GROTON CT
|
| The Coast Guard is responsible for the safety of over 2000 wooden vessels which carry passengers. In 1993, a vessel sank in the Chesapeake Bay with the loss of three lives. The investigation concluded that the sinking was caused by faulty fasteners adjacent to the keel. The National Transportation Safety Board recommended that the Coast Guard investigate methods to non- destructively evaluate fasteners. This report documents the evaluation of various ... |
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| Historic Properties Survey, Lone Point and Bo Wood Recreation Areas, Lake Shelbyville, Shelby and Moultrie Counties, Illinois |
MAY 97 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Neal H. Lopinot; George W. Crawford; SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STATE UNIV SPRINGFIELD CENTER FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
|
| This report describes the results of a Phase I archaeological survey of 120 acres at 2 Corps developed recreation areas, Lone Point (Shelby county) and Ho Wood (Moultrie county) Lake Shelbyville, Kaskaskia River, Illinois. The project will involve shoreline protection and campground relocation as part of the Shelbyville Shoreline Erosion Project. Pedestrian survey, screened shovel testing, and documentary research located 18 new archaeological sites (10 prehistoric, 8 historic) and 9 ... |
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| Acetone Extraction of 2,4 DNT from Contaminated Sand and Clay Soils: Evaluation of Extraction, Recovery of Acetone by Vapor Flashing, and Evaluation of DNT Destruction in Aqueous-Acetone Solutions by Sand-Bed and Sonochemical Reactors |
01 MAR 97 |
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| Authors:
George G. Chase; Rajesh Boggavarapu; Suresh Tonangi; AKRON UNIV OH DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| A number of military industrial sites for production of energetic compounds (explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics) have contaminated soils and lagoon sediments. Several methods exist for clean-up of these contaminated soils. The method of solvent extraction is expected to be competitive with the other methods provided that the acetone solvent can be recovered and reused in the process. The amount of solvent required for the separation impacts upon the operation of ... |
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| Performance of Bolted Wood-to-Concrete Connections and Bolted Connections in Plywood Shear Walls |
JAN 97 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Donald A. Jones; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| In the aftermath of recent earthquakes in populated areas, observations of wood- frame residential and commercial construction have revealed damage to plywood shear walls in the form of splitting of the sill plate along the line of anchor bolts in the foundation and of the end post along the bolts in the hold-down connection. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the sill plate connection, using a variety of bolt ... |
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| Enhanced Trichloroethylene Degradation Using Genetically-Engineered Microorganisms |
28 DEC 96 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas K. Wood; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
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| Novel recombinant TCE-degrading bacteria were created using the best known enzyme for TCE degradation, soluble methane monooxygenase(sMMO) of the soil bacterium Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. sMMO degrades a wide range of halogenated hydrocarbons (HCFCs, chloroform, dichloroethane, etc.), and it degrades TCE 100 times faster than any other microbial enzyme. The mmo genes were cloned and expressed in Pseudomonas putida Fl, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and Rhizobium meliloti using plasmids pSMMO20 and pSMMO40 created ... |
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| Debris Control at Hydraulic Structures, Contract Modification: Management of Woody Debris in Natural Channels and at Hydraulic Structures |
NOV 96 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
N. Wallerstein; C. R. Thorne; S. Abt; NOTTINGHAM UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM) DEPT OF GEOGRAPHY
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| This report contains a compilation of results and conclusions from four research projects assessing the impact of Large Woody Debris (LWD) on channel geomorphology in the Yazoo Basin, Northern Mississippi, and the impact and control of LWD at hydraulic structures. The long-term aim of this research is an improved understanding of the basin-wide impact of LWD dynamics in unstable and stable channel environments, the development of coherent basin-wide debris management ... |
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| Enhanced Wood Pallet with Metal Bottom Adapter MIL-STD-1660 Tests |
OCT 96 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Ejike J. Ajalla; ARMY DEFENSE AMMUNITION CENTER AND SCHOOL SAVANNA IL VALIDATION ENGINEERING DIV
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| The U.S. Army Defense Ammunition Center (DAC), Validation Engineering Division (SIOAC - DEV), was tasked by the U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to conduct MIL-STD-1660 tests on an enhanced wood pallet with modified metal bottom adapter. This report contains test results with the pallets provided meeting MIL-STD-1660, Design Criteria for Ammunition Unit Loads, requirements. |
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