| Traumatic Brain Injury: Care and Treatment of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans |
25-Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
Amalia K Corby-Edwards; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | Traumatic brain injury (TBI), defined in the medical literature as a disruption in brain function that is caused by a head injury, has become known as one of the signature wounds of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan due to its high occurrence in post-deployment service members and veterans of these wars. As service members return home, many need ongoing care for mild, moderate, or severe TBI. The growing number ... |
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| Sensory Substitution for Wounded Servicemembers |
28-Oct-2009 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Anil Raj; FLORIDA INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN AND MACHINE COGNITION INC PENSACOLA FL
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 | Warfighters who suffer combat, training or accidental injuries that damage their sensory capabilities or mobility have great difficulty returning to productive lifestyles once healed from the initial trauma. This project advanced technologies for non-invasive sensory and mobility augmentation in order to allow these individuals to regain hope and social, productive lifestyles. We addressed the needs of these wounded warriors through evaluation of current sensory substitution technology, identification of specific injured ... |
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| Hospital Admissions Related to Mental Disorders in U.S. Army Soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan |
Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Barbara E Wojcik; Fatema Z Akhtar; L H Hassell; ARMY MEDICAL DEPT CENTER AND SCHOOL FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
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| We conducted a retrospective study of 473,964 U.S. Army soldiers deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan through December 2004 using deployment and admission records. We categorized mental disorder diagnoses using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) and identified attempted suicide/self-inflicted injuries using ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes E950-E959. We estimated and evaluated relative risks (RR) using Poisson regression models. Analysis found 1,948 psychiatric hospitalizations of deployed soldiers. The ... |
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| Non-Invasive Monitoring of Intra-Abdominal Bleeding Rate Using Electrical Impedance Tomography |
Sep-2009 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Rossalind Sadleir; Edward A Ross; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
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| Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) may be useful in continuous non-invasive monitoring of suspected abdominal bleeding in battlefield casualties subsequent to blunt trauma. We are developing a novel EIT system involving an electrode array applied only to the anterior abdomen. We believe this will speed this method's path to practical use. Much of the work in the revised Statement of Work has been completed. A no cost extension was granted to ... |
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| Baghdad ER - Revisited |
Sep-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Erin P Edgar; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The China Dragons of the 28th Combat Support Hospital deployed in support of Operation IRAQI FREEDOM from September 2006 until November 2007. This combat tour was historic in many regards, and a good team became a great team while challenged with unprecedented casualty numbers and indirect fire attacks. Not only did they save thousands of lives; they helped advanced trauma medicine, as leading hospitals worldwide have benefitted from military initiatives ... |
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| Advanced MRI in Blast-Related TBI |
Sep-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
David L Brody; Christine L MacDonald; WASHINGTON UNIV ST LOUIS MO
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| The purpose of the research effort is to test two advanced MRI methods, DTI and resting-state fMRI, in active-duty military blast-related TBI patients acutely after injury and correlate findings with TBI-related clinical outcomes 6-12 months later. These methods may add clinically useful predictive information following traumatic brain injury that could be of assistance in standardizing diagnostic criteria for TBI, making return-to-duty triage decisions, guiding post-injury rehabilitation, and developing novel therapeutics. ... |
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| Health Status and Performance of United States Air Force Airmen Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury |
Sep-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy S Wells; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) determine the agreement between the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) definition of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and the clinical judgment of a board-certified neurologist based upon medical records review; (2) utilize a historical prospective study design in a large, well-documented population to determine the relation between mTBI and mental disorders. including depression, PTSD, anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, fatigue, headache, and ... |
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| Effects of Form Perception and Meaning on the Visual Evoked Potential with Author's Update |
Sep-2009 |
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| Authors:
Melvyn E Kalich; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
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| Visual evoked responses (VER) from different interpretations of reversible figures, simple geometrical forms, and consonant-vowel-consonant (cvc) trigrams with differently ordered consonants were studied over a 2-year period in three adult human subjects. Stimuli were all black line figures subtending less than 2 degrees, seen against a white, square, 10-degree background and presented in random order with a random interstimulus interval. VERs were obtained from six active electrode sites. VER wave ... |
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| Mission Connect Mild TB1 Translational Research Consortium |
Aug-2009 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Harvey S Levin; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
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| This report outlines Dr. Levin's participation in the Mission Connect Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Translational Research Consortium during the time period of August 1, 2008 through July 31, 2009. The first year of work on this project has involved substantial collaborative effort to compile research activities from the clinical investigators into a single, unified protocol and to obtain the required institutional approvals. Research activities from Specific Aims 2.1 (Levin), ... |
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| A Blast Model of Traumatic Brain Injury in Swine |
May-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel S Panter; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INST FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SAN FRANCISCO
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| Although blast-induced traumatic brain injury (BI-TBI) is a significant cause of morbidity and behavioral dysfunction in warfighters returning from Iraq, laboratory models are not currently available to study the mechanisms underlying this critical injury and develop new therapies to treat survivors. Many TBI models are performed in rodents, and data from these models have been used as a basis for several disappointing Phase III clinical trials in humans with TBI. ... |
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| Small Molecule Activators of the Trk Receptors for Neuroprotection |
May-2009 |
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| Authors:
Nicholas J Webster; VETERANS MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION SAN DIEGO CA
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| Our central hypothesis is that asterriquinone activators of the Trk receptors would prevent the neuronal cell death associated with traumatic brain injury and would improve cognitive and motor outcomes. We have developed agonists to TrkA and TrkB. The TrkA agonist has been tested in a preclinical model of cognitive impairment and a model of traumatic brain injury. The drug improves learning in a Morris water maze paradigm and reduces infarct ... |
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| Affirming the Soldier's Spirit Through Intentional Dialogue |
01-Mar-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Michael W Dugal; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| This research paper confronts the present silence regarding the Soldier's spirit in the dialogue about war's trauma and effective combat recovery opportunities. It is the argument of this author that acknowledgement of the Soldier's spirit through a spirit-centric dialogue with senior Army leaders is the initial step toward enlarging the issue of emotional and spiritual recovery from combat trauma. The Army's senior leadership needs to participate in the dialogue with ... |
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| An fMRI Study of TBI Associated with Blast Injury |
Mar-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Walter Carr; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| Blast-induced neurotrauma is not well documented in medical research literature, partly because conventional brain imaging techniques provide sparse information concerning the neural substrate of associated deficits and implications for rehabilitation. Novel brain imaging techniques provide promise for increasing neuroimaging sensitivity in this patient population. Specifically, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) represent opportunities for enhancing utility of imaging in the study of this injury, including rehabilitation. ... |
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| U.S. Army Battlefield Exercise and Combat Related Spinal Cord Injury Research: Neuroprotection and Repair After Spinal Cord Injury. Addendum |
Mar-2009 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
W D Dietrich; MIAMI UNIV FL MILLER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| The purpose of this research program is to use a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI) with the major goal of developing therapies targeted at both the acute and more chronic injury setting. We are testing the overall hypothesis that high content screening (HCS) of available libraries containing 100's to 1000's of chemicals, small molecules, and small interfering RNA's (siRNA's) will lead to the identification ... |
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| Spirituality in the Marine Corps |
20-Feb-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
B Friedrick; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
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| In his address at Trinity College in June of 1941, General George C. Marshall warned, The soldier's heart, the soldier's spirit, the soldier's soul are everything. Unless the soldier's soul sustains him, he cannot be relied on and will fail himself and his command and his country in the end. The Marine Corps stresses the physical, mental, and spiritual development of Marines. Required training ensures that Marines are tested physically ... |
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| Disordered Eating and Weight Changes after Deployment: Longitudinal Assessment of a Large US Military Cohort |
04-Feb-2009 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Besa Smith; Tyler C Smith; Margaret A Ryan; Isabel G Jacobson; Edward J Boyko; Timothy S Wells; Paul J Amoroso; Pamela K Keel; Gaston P Bathalon; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| The effect of military deployments to combat environments on disordered eating and weight changes is unknown. Using longitudinal data from Millennium Cohort Study participants who completed baseline (2001-2003) and follow-up (2004-2006) questionnaires (n=48,378), the authors investigated new-onset disordered eating and weight changes in a large military cohort. Multivariable logistic regression was used to compare these outcomes among those who deployed and reported combat exposures, those who deployed but did not ... |
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| Ethyl Pyruvate Provides Therapeutic Benefits to Resuscitation Fluids |
Feb-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Luis Ulloa; UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY OF NEW JERSEY NEWARK
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| Many promising strategies in experimental models of hemorrhage have failed in clinical trials, in part because classical experimental models may not mimic clinical settings. Unlike classical experimental models, hemorrhage in critical care is normally associated with collateral trauma that affects the physiological responses during resuscitation. Unlike rodents, swine are an optimal species donor for experimental hemorrhage as they have an anatomy, physiology and hemodynamic responses that closely resembles human. Here, ... |
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| Enhancement of Skeletal Muscle Repair by the Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator System |
Jan-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy J Koh; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
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| Skeletal muscle injuries, caused by intense exercise or trauma, are among the most common injuries in military personnel. Enhancement of muscle repair following injury would minimize time lost and maximize performance during training and combat. We and others have published data demonstrating that the extracellular protease urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) is required for efficient muscle repair, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this progress report, we present ... |
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| Severe Tissue Trauma Triggers the Autoimmune State Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the MRL/++ Lupus-Prone Mouse |
Jan-2009 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
K Anam; M Amare; S Naik; K A Szabo; T A Davis; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| Tissue damage associated with a severe injury can result in profound inflammatory responses that may trigger autoimmune development in lupus-prone individuals. In this study, we investigated the role of a large full-thickness cutaneous bum injury on the early onset of autoimmune disease in lupus-prone MRL/++ mice. MRL/++ mice (chronic model) exhibit autoimmune symptoms at 70 weeks of age, whereas MRL/-Fas1pr mice (acute model) develop autoimmune disease in 1722 weeks due ... |
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| The Effect of Hypotensive Resuscitation and Fluid Type on Mortality, Bleeding, Coagulation and Dysfunctional Inflammation in a Swine Grade V Liver Injury Model |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Martin A Schreiber; OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIV PORTLAND
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| Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of lyophilized plasma for the treatment of multisystem trauma in pigs. Methods: 1. 32 swine at 2 institutions underwent femur fracture, controlled hemorrhage (30% estimated blood volume), hypothermia (33 deg C) and resuscitation with normal saline and Grade V liver injury followed by 30 minutes of hemorrhagic shock without resuscitation. Animals were then randomized to Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP), Lyophilized Plasma (LP), 1:1 ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 10, December 2008 |
Dec-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven K Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| In the U.S. Military Health System (MHS), traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as traumatically induced structural injury and/or physiological disruption of brain function as a result of an external force that is indicated by new onset or worsening of at least one of the following clinical signs, immediately following the event: any period of loss of or decreased level of consciousness; any loss of memory for events immediately before ... |
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| Economic Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) |
Dec-2008 |
219 pages |
| Authors:
Kwan B Wah; Tan L Irene; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis addresses the trend analysis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) prevalence across the different branches of armed services in the U.S military between FY2001 and FY2006, as well as the effects of deployment characteristics on the probability of being diagnosed with PTSD among the active duty service personnel in the different branches. On top of these, this study will also highlight the patterns of the comorbidity and treatment costs ... |
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| Clinical Results From the Virtual Iraq Exposure Therapy Application for PTSD |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Russell Shilling; Patrick Bordnick; Josh Spitalnick; Barbara Rothbaum; Mike Roy; Greg Gahm; Robert Deal; Karen Perlman; Scott Johnston; Robert McLay; Thomas Parsons; Greg Reger; Ken Graap; Jarrell Pair; Albert Rizzo; JoAnn Difede; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINA DEL REY CA INST FOR CREATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
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| Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is reported to be caused by traumatic events that are outside the range of usual human experience including (but not limited to) military combat, violent personal assault, being kidnapped or taken hostage and terrorist attacks. Initial data suggests that at least 1 out of 5 Iraq War veterans are exhibiting symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD. Virtual Reality (VR) delivered exposure therapy for PTSD has ... |
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| Utilization of Military-Relevant Muscle Injury Models to Identify Pharmacological Treatment Strategies |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Maria L Urso; Brian R Barnes; Eric R Szelenyi; Robert O Nicholson; Edward J Zambraski; Thomas J Walters; Bruce T Liang; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
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| This study was designed to characterize critical molecules involved in skeletal muscle response to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and blunt trauma injury in order to identify strategies for pharmacological intervention. For I/R injury, a tourniquet was applied to rat hind limbs for 3 h. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles from the healthy and I/R leg were harvested 2 h post-reperfusion for analysis. For the blunt trauma model, mice were anesthetized, the tibialis ... |
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| Enhanced Angiogenesis for Tissue Regeneration using Human Stem Cells and Biodegradable Nanoparticulate Polymeric Vectors |
Dec-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Fan Yang; Robert Langer; Seungwoo Cho; Said Botatyrev; Deepika Singh; Jordan J Green; Daniel G Anderson; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are progenitor cells which can differentiate down multiple lineages including bone. Ideally, scaffold for bone tissue engineering should exhibit biofunctionality of natural materials. In this regards, a novel polymeric biocomposite hydrogel was synthesized by covalently binding of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The most common injuries in battle fields are amputated limbs and massive loss of craniofacial tissues. Current therapies for traumatic tissue injury utilize non-biological and non-degradable ... |
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| General Procedure for Protective Cooling and Equipment Evaluations Relative to Heat and Cold Stress |
01-Sep-2008 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Catherine O'Brien; Bruce S Cadarette; Thomas L Endrusick; Laurie A Blanchard; Xiaoxiang Xu; Larry G Berglund; Michael N Sawka; Reed W Hoyt; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA THERMAL AND MOUNTAIN MEDICINE DIVISION
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| As part of the U.S. Army materiel development and acquisition process, clothing and individual equipment (CIE) must undergo a Health Hazard Assessment (HHA) conducted by the U. S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine. Scientists at the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) are world experts in thermal physiology, biophysics, and biomedical modeling and are uniquely capable of providing technical measurements and subject matter expertise for ... |
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| An Analysis of Leadership Behavior in Extreme Military Contexts |
01-Sep-2008 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Crosby; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, Virginia Tech Shootings, and Hurricane Katrina are examples of intense situations that appear to be increasingly commonplace. This type of event seems to be occurring with much greater frequency than before. How city officials, military officers, and emergency responders lead in extreme situations is an important area of study. The central aim of this project is to uncover the key leadership behaviors and competencies ... |
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| Online Early Resilience Intervention for Combat-Related PTSD in Military Primary Healthcare Settings: A Randomized Trial of DESTRESS-PC |
Aug-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Engel; JACKSON (HENRY M) FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
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| The broad objective of this research is to improve primary care mental health services for military personnel and veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to war- zone trauma. We hypothesize that a brief Internet-based online self-management tool for PTSD, DESTRESS-PC, based on empirically valid cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) strategies, will improve PTSD symptoms, related functional status, and attitudes regarding mental health treatment among veterans and military personnel with PTSD who ... |
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| Methods of Advanced Wound Management for Care of Combined Traumatic and Chemical Warfare Injuries |
21-Jul-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
John S Graham; Thomas P Logan; Travis W Gerlach; James P Bonar; Richard J Fugo; Robyn B Lee; Matthew A Coatsworth; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Chemical warfare agents are potential threats to military personnel and civilians. The potential for associated traumatic injuries is significant. Damage control surgery could expose medical personnel to agents contaminating the wounds. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate efficacy of surgical decontamination and assess exposure risk to attending personnel. Methods: Weanling pigs were randomly assigned to 2 of 4 debridement tools (scalpel, BovieR knife, Fugo BladeR , and VersajetTM ... |
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| Reset and Healing Break-Out Session Summary. Warfighter Nutrition: Advanced Technologies and Opportunities |
16-Jul-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
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| Clinical Recommendations: *All hospitalized DOD personnel should be given multiple vitamin / essential fatty acid supplements. The doses should be similar to that which is provided to NASA astronauts. *ASD Health Affairs should have staff assigned to collect knowledge of all clinical DOD studies to prevent duplication and promote coordination. |
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| The Brain Tourniquet: Physiological Isolation of Brain Regions Damaged by Traumatic Head Injury |
19-Jun-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas S F Ling; Lie Yang; Sonia Afroz; ChangChi Hsieh; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK DOWNSTATE MEDICAL CENTER BROOKLYN
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| The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of the "brain tourniquet" concept, a new therapeutic approach to battlefield traumatic brain injury (TBI). The purpose of the brain tourniquet is to physiologically isolate damaged brain regions in order to allow head-injured warfighters to remain combat effective after sustaining brain trauma. This will also enhance recovery from this type of injury by preventing the spread of damage into otherwise ... |
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| PTSD Type Symptoms and CGSC class 08-01, a Study of Field Grade Officers and Implications for the Future |
13 JUN 2008 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Dixon Richard L.; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
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| With the emergence of the Global War on Terror (GWOT), the mental illness of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is increasingly identified in returning veterans. A 2006 mental health study released by the Pentagon found 11% of returning OEF veterans and 19% of returning OIF veterans have mental health issues. Of the veterans sampled, 5% were Army Officers and 2% were Marine Officers. Thus, the primary research question was: Are ... |
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| Invisible Wounds of War: Summary of Key Findings on Psychological and Cognitive Injuries |
11 JUN 2008 |
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| Authors:
Lisa H. Jaycox; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
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| My testimony will briefly discuss the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, as well as the incidence of traumatic brain injury among service members returning from Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom; the costs to society associated with these conditions and of providing care to those afflicted with these conditions, and the gaps in the care systems designed to treat these conditions among our nation's service members and veterans. ... |
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| Invisible Wounds of War: Recommendations for Addressing Psychological and Cognitive Injuries |
11 JUN 2008 |
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| Authors:
Terri Tanielian; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
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| My testimony will briefly discuss several recommendations for addressing the psychological and cognitive injuries among servicemembers returning from deployments to Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom. Dr. Jaycox shared with you our findings about the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, as well as the incidence of traumatic brain injury among servicemembers returning from Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom; the costs to society associated with these conditions and ... |
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| A Psychophysiologic Study of Weakening Traumatic Combat Memories With Post-Reactivation Propranolol |
01-Jun-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Roger K Pitman; GENERAL HOSPITAL CORP BOSTON MA
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| The objective of this project is to test whether the beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol, given following combat memory reactivation, results in a significantly greater weakening of traumatic memories than propranolol alone, supporting the proposition that this weakening is due to pharmacological blockade of memory reconsolidation, rather than non-specific actions of propranolol. We hypothesize that subjects who undergo script preparation for the combat event(s) that caused their PTSD, followed by (post-reactivation) propranolol, ... |
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| Improved Therapeutic Regimens for Treatment of Post-Traumatic Ocular Infections |
01-May-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle C Callegan; OKLAHOMA UNIV OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| Greater than 10% of battlefield injuries occur to the eyes, resulting in significant morbidity. The potential for ocular infection by trauma is high, due to the types of organisms encountered in arid environments and the delay between time of injury and adequate treatment. This proposal was designed to analyze the effectiveness of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and non-conventional agents targeting bacterial and host virulence factors, with the goal of improving the ... |
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| Psychiatric Diagnoses in Historic and Contemporary Military Cohorts: Combat Deployment and the Healthy Warrior Effect |
23-Apr-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald E Larson; Robyn M Highfill-McRoy; Stephanie Booth-Kewley; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| Research studies have identified heightened psychiatric problems among veterans of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). However, these studies have not compared incidence rates of psychiatric disorders across robust cohorts, nor have they documented psychiatric problems prior to combat exposure. The authors' objectives of this study were to determine incidence rates of diagnosed mental disorders in a cohort of Marines deployed to combat during OIF or OEF ... |
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| Infrared Imaging for Battle Injuries |
APR 2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Laurence M. Katz; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| The proposal is based on a hypothesis that certain traumatic injuries produce unique skin temperature signatures that can be identified and quantified. The specific aims are to determine the efficacy of passive JR imaging in diagnosis of life-threatening pneumothoraces and related pulmonary injuries, and of limb-threatening traumatic injuries such as compartment syndrome. Following successful demonstration of effectiveness, specifications will be developed for field deployable JR imaging devices. |
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| Post-Deployment Memorial Ceremony: A Vital Link |
25-Mar-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth Stice; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The Army continues to transform into a modular expeditionary force during an era of persistent conflict. The Army readiness and force generation model (ARFORGEN) cycles units through predictable stages for availability to deploy. The Army recognizes the stress of frequent deployments on Soldiers. The Army has committed to care for Soldiers and families. Combat casualties are the greatest challenge that Soldiers, families, units and communities face with unit deployments. Connections ... |
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| Cell Delivery System for Traumatic Brain Injury |
21-Mar-2008 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth Orwin; Isabella Wulur; Nicole Esclamado; Madineh Sarvestani; HARVEY MUDD COLL CLAREMONT CA
|
| We have met all of the milestones outlined in this grant, except demonstration that the electrospun conduit supports cell growth. Composite gels are a more promising method for the brain patch therapy due to greater degree of control over shape of the three-dimensional structure, therefore the majority of our efforts have been focused on gel development. In addition to the work outlined in the original proposal, we have also determined ... |
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| Cardiorespiratory Variability and Synchronization in Critical Illness |
08-Mar-2008 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Anton Burykin; Timothy G Buchman; WASHINGTON UNIV ST LOUIS MO
|
| Life support devices (e.g. heart pacemakers, ventilators, dialysis machines) are commonly thought to affect mainly their target organ system. This preliminary study attempts to determine the extent to which mechanical support of one organ system (lungs by mechanical ventilator) affects functions of other systems (heart and blood vessels). We studied changes in cardio-respiratory interactions and in dynamics of cardiovascular system during scheduled transitions (spontaneous breathing trials, SBT) between mechanical and ... |
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| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Military: A Selected Bibliography |
01-Mar-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Lori M Sekela; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Over the past several years, the topic of military mental healthcare has received renewed attention, both inside and outside the Armed Forces. This selected bibliography focuses on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its presentation in military personnel. Included are references to books, documents, periodical articles, multimedia, and web sites related to this topic. A separate section concentrates on PTSD in members of the military and its relationship to age, gender, ... |
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| The Effects of GWOT and Deployment Intensity on the Propensity to Develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among Navy Personnel |
MAR 2008 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Pilgrim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis addresses the effects of deployment characteristics and demographic data on propensity rates for developing Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The results will serve to identify current PTSD trends among sailors based on quantitative analysis of medical data provided by the Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) and the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC). It also will inform the Department of Defense on the potential policy implications of the study. The ... |
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| A Lessons-Learned Legacy |
01-Feb-2008 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Howard R Champion; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| The combat casualties of war have always provided society with substantial advances in knowledge and care of injury. The casualties of Operations Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Enduring Freedom (OEF) are no exception. A serious sampling of the lessons learned from caring for these wounded soldiers and Marines and subsequent research initiatives are published in this Supplement to the Journal of Trauma as a result of the endeavors of the young ... |
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| Selective Nonoperative Management of Penetrating Torso Injury From Combat Fragmentation Wounds |
01-Feb-2008 |
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| Authors:
Neil McMullin; Alec C Beekley; Lorne H Blackbourne; James A Sebesta; Philip S Mullenix; John B Holcomb; MADIGAN ARMY MEDICAL CENTER TACOMA WA
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| Penetrating fragmentation injury to the torso in armed conflict represents a unique wounding pattern rarely seen in civilian trauma. The projectiles range widely in size and velocity. The mechanism of delivery of the projectiles also has the confounding variable of primary blast injury. Historically, the presence of these wounds on the abdomen, flank, back, or buttocks mandated exploratory laparotomy to rule out intraabdominal injury. A policy of routine exploration of ... |
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| Incidence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Burned Service Members: Preliminary Report |
FEB 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kathryn M. Gaylord; Douglas B. Cooper; Janyna M. Mercado; Jan E. Kennedy; Linda H. Yoder; John B. Holcomb; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
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| Although sustaining physical injury in theater increases service members' risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), exposure to explosive munitions may increase the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The authors hypothesized a higher incidence of PTSD and mTBI in service members who sustained both burn and explosion injuries than in nonexplosion-exposed service members. A retrospective review of PTSD and mTBI assessments was completed on burned service members between September ... |
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| Establishing a Human Research Protection Program in a Combatant Command |
FEB 2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Laura R. Brosch; John B. Holcomb; Jennifer C. Thompson; Paul R. Cordts; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Extensive United States combat operations commenced for the first time in over decade in 2003. Early in 2004 there was no human research protection regulatory review and approval mechanism based in a deployed military combatant command. The absence of such a system presented a critical impediment to implementation of the time-honored tradition of a robust combat casualty care research effort. A coalition of concerned military medical personnel from the US ... |
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| Combining Early Coagulation and Inflammatory Status Improves Prediction of Mortality in Burned and Nonburned Trauma Patients |
FEB 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Myung S. Park; Jose Salinas; Charles E. Wade; Jingjing Wang; Wenjun Martini; Anthony E. Pusateri; Gerald A. Merrill; Kevin Chung; Steven E. Wolf; John B. Holcomb; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
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| Background: After injury, there is a synergistic response between inflammation and coagulation systems. We hypothesized that combining markers of these processes and standard clinical indices would improve early prediction of inhospital mortality in burned and nonburned trauma patients. Methods: Patients admitted to the surgical or burn intensive care unit within 24 hours of injury with an anticipated stay >3 days were enrolled during a one year period. Upon admission, blood ... |
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| The Effect of Recombinant Activated Factor VII on Mortality in Combat-Related Casualties With Severe Trauma and Massive Transfusion |
FEB 2008 |
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| Authors:
Philip C. Spinella; Jeremy G. Perkins; Daniel F. McLaughlin; Sarah E. Niles; Kurt W. Grathwohl; Alec C. Beekley; Jose Salinas; Sumeru Mehta; Charles E. Wade; John B. Holcomb; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
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| Background: The majority of patients with potentially survivable combat-related injuries die from hemorrhage. Our objective was to determine whether the use of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) decreased mortality in combat casualties with severe trauma who received massive transfusions and if its use was associated with increased severe thrombotic events. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a database of combat casualty patients with severe trauma (Injury Severity Score [ISS] >15) and massive ... |
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| Prehospital Tourniquet Use in Operation Iraqi Freedom: Effect on Hemorrhage Control and Outcomes |
FEB 2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Alec C. Beekley; James A. Sebesta; Lorne H. Blackbourne; Garth S. Herbert; David S. Kauvar; David G. Baer; Thomas J. Walters; Philip S. Mullenix; John B. Holcomb; MADIGAN ARMY MEDICAL CENTER TACOMA WA
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| We hypothesized that prehospital tourniquet use decreased hemorrhage from extremity injuries and saved lives, and was not associated with a substantial increase in adverse limb outcomes. Methods: This was an institutional review board-approved, retrospective review of the 31st combat support hospital for 1 year during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Inclusion criteria were any patient with a traumatic amputation, major extremity vascular injury, or documented prehospital tourniquet. Results: Among 3,444 total admissions, ... |
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