| Nowcasting Hail Size for Non-Supercell Thunderstorms in the Northeastern U. S. |
Mar 2012 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Petrit J Hasa; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | Hail size prediction is a difficult task for meteorologists. The most recent method used by the United States Air Force after thunderstorm initiation involves identifying the amount of storm-top divergence and correlating that value to the height of the freezing level. However, this method was based on a study that looked at both supercell and multicell thunderstorms alike. This paper attempts to build off this previous study, although solely looking ... |
|
| Climate and Weather Analysis of Afghanistan Thunderstorms |
Sep 2011 |
169 pages |
| Authors:
Chad E Geis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Thunderstorms are a significant factor in the planning and execution of Department of Defense (DoD) operations in Afghanistan, especially in the spring and summer. Skillful forecasting of Afghanistan thunderstorms has proven difficult, even at relatively short lead times of 24 hours or less. This has led to adverse effects on a wide range of DoD missions. One potential reason for the forecasting difficulties is a lack of understanding of the ... |
|
| Nonlinear Structuring and High-energy Electrons: Role in Ionosphere and in Thunderstorm Atmosphere Processes |
MAY 2010 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Aleksander V. Gurevich; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW LEBEDEV INST
|
| This report results from a contract tasking P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute as follows: The Project includes five Tasks: 1. The modification of the magnetosphere by the controllable flow of fast electrons coming upwards from the artificially modified ionosphere. Theoretical investigation and the conception of the experimental program. 2. The formation of super-narrow ionosphere structures in ionosphere artificially modified by powerful radio waves in double-resonance conditions. The super-narrow structures serve ... |
|
| Z-M in Lightning Forecasting |
Mar-2009 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Alexia J Machina; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Frozen hydrometeors are required for a storm to produce lightning. Previous research has made strong correlations between ice mass and lightning flash rate and lightning flash density. This study attempted to correlate ice mass to lightning potential Operational interest is centered at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station/Kennedy Space Center where accurate weather forecasting is vital to mission requirements, resource protection, and personnel safety. Four pulse storms were chosen for the ... |
|
| Modeling the Electrodynamics of the Low-Latitude Ionosphere |
01-Jul-2008 |
201 pages |
| Authors:
Christian S Wohlwend; UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN
|
| The electrodynamics of the Earth's low-latitude ionosphere is dependent on the ionospheric conductivity and the thermospheric neutral density, temperature, and winds present. This two-part study focused on the gravity wave seeding mechanism of equatorial plasma depletions in the ionosphere and the associated-equatorial spread F, as well as the differences between a two-dimensional flux tube integrated electrodynamics model and a three-dimensional model for the same time period. The gravity wave seeding ... |
|
| Venezuela: A Full-Year Study |
15 SEP 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Melody Higdon; AIR FORCE COMBAT CLIMATOLOGY CENTER ASHEVILLE NC
|
| This Country Climatology Digest is a climatological study of Venezuela. After describing the geography and major meteorological features of the entire region, the study discusses in detail the climatic controls of Venezuela's weather. Each "season" is defined and discussed in considerable detail with an emphasis on general weather, hazards, clouds, visibility, winds, precipitation, and temperature. The report contains 45 colored maps depicting Venezuela's seasonal variations in climate. |
|
| Astana, Kazakhstan: A Full-Year Study |
15 SEP 2006 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Melody Higdon; AIR FORCE COMBAT CLIMATOLOGY CENTER ASHEVILLE NC
|
| This Country Climatology Digest is a climatological study of Astana, Kazakhstan. After describing the geography and major meteorological features of the entire region, the study discusses in detail the climatic controls of Astana's weather. Each "season" is defined and discussed in considerable detail with an emphasis on general weather, hazards, clouds, visibility, winds, precipitation, and temperature. The report contains 15 colored maps depicting Astana's seasonal variations in climate, and 12 ... |
|
| Studies of Plasma Instabilities Excited by Ground-Based High Power HF (Heating) Facilities and of X and Gamma Ray Emission in Runaway Breakdown Processes |
AUG 2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Aleksander V. Gurevich; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW (RUSSIA) LEBEDEV INST
|
| This report results from a contract tasking P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute as follows: The investigation will focus on how high power HF radio waves and quasistationary electric field interact with collisional plasmas, such as the earth's ionosphere or thunderstorm atmosphere. The aim of this proposal to investigate: 1. The interaction of Langmuir turbulence with surrounding ionospheric plasma determining kinetics of thermal and suprathermal electrons; 2. The optic emission of ... |
|
| The Impact of Synoptic-Scale Flow on Sea Breeze Front Propagation and Intensity at Eglin Air Force Base |
MAR 2006 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
James C. Weaver; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| This study investigates the impact of the synoptic-scale flow on the propagation and intensity of the sea breeze front at Eglin Air Force Base. The 925 mb wind direction and speed from the 12 UTC Tallahassee sounding was used to categorize 509 summer days as having an offshore, onshore, or coast parallel synoptic-scale flow regimes. Days with similar synoptic-scale flows were then composite together to create hourly surface analyses for ... |
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| Urban Influences on Convection and Lightning Over Houston |
2006 |
185 pages |
| Authors:
Michael L. Gauthier; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH
|
| The research presented in this dissertation addresses a fundamental question regarding urban, ultimately anthropogenic, influences on convection as it relates to lightning production and precipitation structure. In general, inadvertent weather modification hypotheses offered to explain lightning and rainfall anomalies rely on either or both perturbations in the spatial distribution and intensity of convection (from whence warm-season rainfall and lightning emanate), or modification to convective cloud microphysics through aerosol loading over ... |
|
| Thunderstorm Effects in Space: Technology Nanosatellite (TEST) Program |
01 DEC 2005 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Hank Voss; Adam Bennett; TAYLOR UNIV UPLAND IN
|
| Science Objections: Understand source/propagation of Acoustic Gravity Waves into space environment, investigate lightning-induced electron precipitation and coupling into the radiation belt, investigate thunderstorm coupling to ionosphere and global electric circuit fields Technology Objections: Develop a low-cost reliable nanosatellite, demonstrate nanosatellite payloads can be sophisticated and capable of new science, develop passive radiator for cooling, provide precise attitude control for remote sensing Educational Objectives: Stimulate many undergraduate students and stimulate secondary ... |
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| Retrieval and Assimilation of Storm Characteristics from Both In-Cloud and Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Data to Improve Mesoscale Model Forecasts |
SEP 2005 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Donald R. MacGorman; OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN
|
| To improve the accuracy of regional weather forecasts, we (1) obtained and operated a lightning mapping system that detects all types of lightning to provide data for this project, (2) quantified and tested relationships between lightning and other storm properties that will be useful for assimilation, and (3) developed techniques for assimilating data from all types of lightning into COAMPS. Observational data analysis and storm simulations showed that total lightning ... |
|
| Meteorological Measurements With a MWR-05XP Phased Array Radar |
MAR 2005 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
John B. Sandifer; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Scanning strategies for research and operational applications were developed for meteorological measurements with an experimental PAR, the MWR- 05XP. A tornadic storm sampling strategy was developed with a 502.26 ms volumetric update and a resolution of 1.8 Az x 2 El x 150 m range. A sampling strategy for severe thunderstorm clusters was developed with a 10 second volumetric update and a resolution of 1.8 Az x 2 El x ... |
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| Analytical and Numerical Studies of Non-Stationary Corona in Long Air Gaps |
07 APR 2004 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
N. L. Aleksandrov; E. M. Bazelyan; R. B. Carpenter Jr.; M. M. Drabkin; Yu P. Raizer; MOSCOW INST OF PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY DOLGOPRUDNYI (RUSSIA)
|
| The properties of a non-stationary corona in which the front of space charge has not bridged the gap are studied analytically and numerically different one-dimensional geometries. It is shown that an analytical theory is applicable for describing the development of the non-stationary corona at any shape of applied voltage. The characteristics of a non-stationary corona differ greatly from those of a stationary corona. For the same applied voltage the current ... |
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| Investigating the Effect of Natural and Technogenic Atmospheric Disturbances of the Northern Hemisphere on the Electromagnetic Environment in the Antarctic (P-072) |
JUL 2003 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
Yuri Yampolski; UKRAINIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES KHARKOV INST OF RADIO ASTRONOMY
|
| This report results from a contract tasking National Academy of Sciences of the Ukraine as follows: The Project is aimed at studying the effect of high-energy natural and/or technogenic processes in the Northern hemisphere in the electromagnetic conditions of the Antarctic region. The observations are to be held at the Ukrainian 'Antarctic base (UAB) Academician Vemadsky' at 65 S, 64 W. The Antarctic is known to be the only continent ... |
|
| Meteorologial Techniques |
13 JUN 2003 |
233 pages |
| Authors:
Mark R. Mireles; Kirth L. Pederson; Charles H. Elford; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| Contains weather forecasting techniques of interest to military meteorologists, in three chapters: surface weather elements, flight weather elements, and convective weather. Includes both general specific rules of thumb, results of research, lessons learned from experience, etc, gathered from military and other sources. Updates and supersedes earlier AFWA/TN-98/002, Meteorological Techniques. |
|
| Meteorological Techniques |
13 JUN 2003 |
233 pages |
| Authors:
Mark R. Mireles; Kirth L. Pederson; Charles H. Elford; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| This tech note is a compilation of various weather forecasting techniques of interest to military meteorologists. It is divided into three chapters: surface weather elements, flight weather elements, and convective weather. It includes both general and specific rule-of-thumb results of research including lessons learned from experience, gathered from military and other sources. Updates and supersedes earlier AFWA/TN-98/002, Meteorological Techniques. |
|
| Meteorologial Techniques |
13 JUN 2003 |
237 pages |
| Authors:
Mark R. Mireles; Kirth L. Pederson; Charles H. Elford; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| Contains weather forecasting techniques of interest to military meteorologists, in three chapters: surface weather elements, flight weather elements, and convective weather includes both general specific rules of thumb, results of research lessons learned from experience, etc gathered from military and other sources. |
|
| Post-Processing for the Battlescale Forecast Model and Mesoscale Model Version 5 |
JUN 2003 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E. Passner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
|
| The Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) produces many forecasting parameters including temperature, pressure, dewpoint, relative humidity, wind information, as well as precipitation amounts. While these output data provide valuable weather information Tactical Decision Aids such as the Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aids (IWEDA) have a need for additional parameters such as icing and turbulence. The IWEDA generates current and forecasted impacts on approximately 70 weapon systems, such as attack helicopters and ... |
|
| Report on Current Convective Weather Processes and Product Requirements at the Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC) and Kansas City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC) |
MAR 2002 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Danny Sims; Cynthia Fidalgo; Jeff Weinrich; WILLIAM J HUGHES TECHNICAL CENTER ATLANTIC CITY NJ
|
| This report summarizes current processes and information sources used when convective weather impacts Air Traffic Control (ATC) operations at the Air Traffic Control System Command Center (ATCSCC) and Kansas City Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). In addition, user needs for convective weather forecast products are presented. ACT-32O collected information from both facilities through site visits and interviews during the early summer of 2000. Based upon collected information, it is ... |
|
| Comparison of Turbulence Over Japan and New Mexico from MST Radar Observations |
08 JAN 2002 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory D. Nastrom; NASTROM CONSULTING LLC SAUK RAPIDS MN
|
| Observations from Mesosphere-Stratosphere-Troposphere (MST) radars at White Sands, New Mexico, Vandenburg, California, and Shigaraki, Japan, are used to study the relationships between the intensity of refractivity turbulence and large-scale weather conditions. (a) The gravity wave intensity seen by satellites (GPS/MET) agrees with that seen by the radar at White Sands. (b) The gravity wave source mechanisms are different at White Sands and Japan, although the wave energies are about the ... |
|
| Winter Regimes |
01 DEC 2001 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene M. Weber; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| This technical note presents a back-to-basics approach to forecasting the weaker, slower moving weather systems of summer. It is especially designed for new and inexperienced forecasters, but it is also an excellent review for all forecasters. As summer approaches, the subtropical ridge begins to drift northward across the southern United States. The increasing insolation, moisture, and weakening pressure and thermal gradients require forecasters to apply different forecasting rules. This technical ... |
|
| Flightfax: Army Aviation Risk-Management Information. Volume 29, Number 8 |
AUG 2001 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY SAFETY CENTER FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Flightfax is published by the U.S. Army Safety Center at Fort Rucker, Alabama. Articles deal with aviation safety matters, risk management, and weather related accidents. |
|
| Studies of Intensive X, gamma and Optic Emission in Runaway Breakdown Process |
APR 2001 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Alexander V. Gurevich; LEBEDEV PHYSICS INST MOSCOW (RUSSIA)
|
| This report results from a contract tasking P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute as follows: The contractor will investigate electromagnetic emission generated by suprathermal runaway electrons. The investigation of 'runaway breakdown' will be in both atmospheric and in laboratory experiments. It has been established that runaway breakdown is accompanied by a strong optic, X and gamma ray emissions. The contractor will address the following advanced problems in this proposal: (1) Investigate ... |
|
| Summer Regimes |
15 MAR 2001 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene M. Weber; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| This technical note presents a back-to-basics approach to forecasting the weaker, slower moving weather systems of summer. It is especially designed for new and inexperienced forecasters, but it is also an excellent review for all forecasters. As summer approaches, the subtropical ridge begins to drift northward across the southern United States. The increasing insolation, moisture, and weakening pressure and thermal gradients require forecasters to apply different forecasting rules. This technical ... |
|
| Summer Regimes (CD-ROM) |
15 MAR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Eugene M. Weber; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
 | ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 3 text files; Adobe (.PDF) and Pagemaker (.P65). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc (CD-ROM); 4 3/4 in.; 126 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: IBM-clone PC-compatible. ABSTRACT: This technical note presents a back-to-basics approach to forecasting the weaker, slower moving weather systems of summer. It is especially designed for new and inexperienced forecasters, but it is also an excellent review for all forecasters. As summer approaches, the ... |
|
| Developing of Predictors for Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity Using Atmospheric Stability Indices |
MAR 2001 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth C. Venzke; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| A detailed examination was performed on several commonly applied atmospheric stability indices and lightning activity from 1993 to 2000 to determine the indices usefulness as predictive tools for determining cloud-to- ground lightning activity. Predetermined radii of 50 nautical miles around upper-air stations in the Midwest U.S. were used for the lightning summaries. Also explored is an improvement upon the commonly accepted thresholds of the stability indices as general thunderstorm indicators. ... |
|
| Forecasting the onset of Cloud-Ground Lightning Using Layered VerticallyIntegrated Liquid Water |
08 AUG 2000 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
David L. D'Arcangelo; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Accurate forecasting of cloud-ground (CG) lightning onset at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC), Florida is critical for personnel safety, but presents a difficult problem. Current methods for predicting CG lightning onset rely on radar analyses that require a reflectivity threshold to be exceeded at a specified temperature level. Although the requisite temperature level used in lightning forecasting lies within the critical region of convection for ... |
|
| An Evaluation of Three-Dimensional Weather Hazards Using Sounding Data and Model Output Data |
AUG 2000 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E. Passner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| The Atmospheric Sounding Program (ASP) is initialized by upper-air observations, either from standard rawinsonde observations (RAOB)s or output from a numerical model, the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM). These data are decoded and processed before calculations are performed, giving the forecaster an overview of the atmospheric conditions at or near the ROAB launch site or the BFM grid point. The ASP uses these data to produce a ... |
|
| Flightfax: Army Aviation Risk-Management Information, Volume 28, No 7 |
JUL 2000 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY SAFETY CENTER FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Flightfax is published by the U.S. Army Safety Center, Fort Rucker, AL 36362 5363. Information is for accident-prevention purposes only and is specifically prohibited for use for punitive purposes or matters of liability, litigation, or competition. |
|
| AASERT97 Student Support for Observations Relevant to Sprites and Jets |
MAY 2000 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
William H. Beasley; OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN
|
| During the Summer and Fall of 1998 five balloon-borne instruments were launched into thunderstorms to observe changes in the vertical component of electric field caused by lightning. Data from two flights have been compared with data from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) for cloud-to ground lightning flashes that were coincident in time. The field changes observed at altitude appear to have been caused by charge movements relatively nearer the ... |
|
| Techniques for Forecasting the Cessation of Lightning at Cape Canaveral Air Station and the Kennedy Space Center |
MAR 2000 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Michael W. Holmes; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The focus of this research effort is directed toward identifying new methods of forecasting the cessation of lightning along the Central Atlantic Coast of Florida. Cloud-to-ground lightning flashes place Air Force (AF) personnel and assets at risk almost daily at this location. Providing a more accurate method of forecasting the cessation of lightning would allow for safer and more efficient execution of AF operations. A ... |
|
| A 3D Display System for Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR) Data |
MAR 2000 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Michael W. Darwin; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Lightning detection is an essential part of safety and resource protection at Cape Canaveral. In order to meet the unique needs of launching space vehicles in the thunderstorm prone Florida environment, Cape Canaveral has the only operational three- dimensional (3D) lightning detection network in the world, the Lightning Detection and Ranging (LDAR) system. Although lightning activity is detected in three dimensions, the current LDAR display, developed ... |
|
| Balloon-Borne Electric-Field Observations Relevant to Models for Spritesand Jets |
27 SEP 1999 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
William H. Beasley; OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN
|
| We designed and built a new balloon-borne electric-field-change instrument and launched five of them into thunderstorms to observe changes in the vertical component of electric field caused by lightning. We discuss examples of field changes observed at altitude and compare them with data from the National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) for cloud-to-ground lightning flashes that were coincident in time. It appears that the field changes ... |
|
| Internal Waves Generated by a Vortex Pair |
SEP 1999 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Gary S. Lapham; John P. McHugh; NORTHEAST CONSORTIUM FOR ENGINEERING EDUCATION PORT ROYAL VA
|
| Both observations and direct numerical simulations have shown that convecting storms create significant internal gravity wave activity. However, the physical mechanism for gravity wave generation is not clear. In this work, numerical simulations of a simple vortex model of convection have been performed for three different cases: a constant density case; a constant Brunt-Vasala frequency case: and a case with two layers, each with its own Brunt-Vasala frequency. |
|
| Predicting Warm Season Nocturnal Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Near Cape Canaveral, Florida |
23 AUG 1999 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher E. Cantrell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Two aspects of nocturnal convection over Florida are examined in this study: A climatology of all warm season nocturnal cloud-to-ground lightning (COL) flashes over east central Florida, and nocturnal COL that develops near Cape Canaveral, Florida during undisturbed conditions. Seven years of warm season (May - October) radiosonde data (1992 - 1998) are used to categorize nights into one of five wind regimes based on the 1000-700 mb mean vector ... |
|
| Analysis of Hollinshed Watershed Using GIS Software |
12 AUG 1999 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Hipp; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA
|
| The objective of this study is to apply GIS and storm water modeling software to develop an accurate hydrologic model of the Hollinshed watershed. Use of GIS will allow the user to quickly change the land use of specific areas within in the watershed to determine the hydrologic effects throughout the watershed using the storm water model. Specific objectives were to: (1) develop a GIS ... |
|
| FLIGHTFAX: Army Aviation Risk-Management Information. Volume 27, Number 8, August 1999. Rescue for Disaster |
AUG 1999 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY SAFETY CENTER FORT RUCKER AL
|
| This document contains information concerning Army Aviation Safety. In this issue there are several historical articles on weather risk. |
|
| At Atmospheric Sounding Program: An Analysis and Forecasting Tool for Weather Hazards on the Battlefield |
MAY 1999 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E. Passner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE
|
| To assist the staff weather officer and enhance weather predictions in the battlefield, the Atmospheric Sounding Program (ASP) has been designed to furnish a series of weather outputs with an emphasis on weather hazards such as turbulence, icing, clouds, thunderstorms, and surface visibility. The ASP is initialized by either upper air observations or output from the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM). The BFM produces a 24 hour forecast: thus, the weather ... |
|
| Using the WSR-88D to Forecast Downburst Winds at Cape Canaveral Air Station and the Kennedy Space Center (CCAS/KSC) |
MAR 1999 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald D. Sullivva; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH DEPT OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS
|
| The 45 Weather Squadron is tasked with providing several convective wind warnings in support of the U. S. Space Program. The forecasters use a radar-based forecast technique to determine if a thunderstorm has the potential to produce a gust that meets warning criteria. This technique, the Echo Top/ Vertically Integrated Liquid Wind Gust Potential (ET/VIL WGP), has not previously been evaluated for use in the ... |
|
| Forecasting Downdraft Wind Speeds Associated with Airmass Thunderstorms for Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado, Using the WSR-88D |
MAR 1999 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Travis A. Steen; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| During the period Jun-Aug 96, four Air Force installations suffered over $4.8 million in damage from convective winds. During the same summer, Air Force Space Command units issued nearly 65% of their weather warnings for convective winds, making the forecasting of convective winds the most frequent challenge to forecasters. This thesis seeks to assist Air Force forecasters at Peterson Air Force Base (PAFB), Colorado, in ... |
|
| A Comparison of Horizontal Cloud-To-Ground Lightning Flash Distance Using Weather Surveillance Radar And The Distance Between Successive Flashes Method |
MAR 1999 |
147 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher C. Cox; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| On April 29th, 1996 an airman servicing a C-130 aircraft on Huriburt AFB Florida was struck and killed by a lightning flash that traveled an estimated 7 to 10 miles from storms south of the airfield. Ten other workers were injured in the incident. The fatal flash occurred just 8 minutes after the base weather station allowed a lightning advisory to expire. The incident brought ... |
|
| Impulsive Noise Mitigation in Spatial and Temporal Domains for Surface- Wave Over-the-Horizon Radar |
1999 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Yuri I. Abramovich; Pavel Turcaj; COOPERATIVE RESEARCH CENTRE FOR SENSOR SIGNAL AND INFORMATION PROCESSING MAWSON LAKES (AUSTRALIA)
|
| Surface-wave over-the-horizon radars, especially ones located in tropical areas, such as Northern Australia, are usually strongly affected by external impulsive noise. Apart from thunderstorm activity, man-made (industrial) noise over typically quite long coherent-integration time often is of impulsive nature as well. In this paper we analyse the efficiency of temporal and spatial adaptive techniques for impulsive noise mitigation. We demonstrate that for heavily contaminated dwells, new spatio-temporal adaptive processing is ... |
|
| Analyzing Horizontal Distances Between WSR-88D Thunderstorm Centroids and Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Strikes |
MAR 1998 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Steve L. Renner; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| On April 29, 1996, lightning struck the airfield at Hurlburt Field, FL, killing one Airmen and injuring ten others. This cloud to ground lightning strike hit eight minutes after a lightning advisory was canceled. At the time of the strike, thunderstorms were observed 7 to 10 miles north and south of the airfield. The incident raised questions about Air Force Weather Agency's lightning criteria. Soon after ... |
|
| Nowcasting Thunderstorms at Cape Canaveral, Florida, Using an Improved Neumann-Pfeffer Thunderstorm Index |
MAR 1998 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Cindy L. Howell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| The Neumann-Pfeffer Thunderstorm Index (NPTI) is used daily by the 45th Weather Squadron during the convective season to estimate the probability of afternoon thunderstorms. The current I , developed by Charles J. Neumann in the 1960s, i based on only 13 years of data taken over 30 years ago. The index was in desperate need of an upgrade. Following the multiple regression techniques outlined by Neumann, this thesis examines whether ... |
|
| Rolling Thunder: Could Theory Have Helped |
1998 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Donald F. Herr; NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| This paper examines President Johnson's decision to initiate a strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam at the outset of the Vietnam war. The campaign was called Operation Rolling Thunder After outlining the failure of the operation, the paper will turn to whether military theory could have helped. The discussion also addresses the issue, raised by the military, of undue political constraints on the operation. The analysis suggests that military theory ... |
|
| Predicting East Coast Sea Breeze Initiated Convection Near Cape Canaveral, Florida |
1998 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Johnathan L. Kelly; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Warm season thunderstorms represent a significant threat to daily operations at the United States Air Force's (USAF) Cape Canaveral Air Station (CCAS) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Kennedy Space Center (KSC) at Cape Canaveral, Florida. Many of these storms are initiated by the East Coast Sea Breeze (ECSB) which forms over the complex land/ sea interface around the Cape. Using data from the 1996-97 warm seasons, 184 ... |
|
| A Study of the Characteristics of Thunderstorm Cessation at the NASA kennedy Space Center |
10 JUL 97 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S. Hinson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| A lightning summary was developed for a 100x100 kilometer area centered at the NASA Kennedy Space Center. Spatial and temporal patterns, and first stroke peak currents were analyzed from 1986-1995. Three thunderstorms were chosen due to their proximity to the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) and examined for their end of storm characteristics. Radar echoes at the -10 deg C and -20 deg C temperature heights were associated with cloud to ... |
|
| Diurnal Variations of Globally Measured ELF/VLF Radio Noise |
JUL 1997 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
D. A. Chrissan; A. C. Fraser-Smith; STANFORD UNIV CA SPACE TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND RADIOSCIENCE LAB
|
| The Space, Telecommunications and Radioscience (STAR) Laboratory at Stanford has been conducting a global survey of extremely-low frequency (ELF) and very-low frequency (VLF) radio noise since February 1985. Eight measurement stations around the world record the instantaneous noise amplitude in each of sixteen narrow frequency bands in the 10 Hz - 32 kHz frequency range, and this report presents calculations of the long-term diurnal variations of these amplitudes for the ... |
|
| FYI, Lightning. Number 39 |
APR 97 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Maria Reymann; AIR WEATHER SERVICE SCOTT AFB IL
|
| Air Force Weather (AFW) currently uses a variety of stand-alone lightning mapping systems and regional lightning mapping networks to provide a wide range of support to both the Air Force and the Army. The data from these stand-alone systems and networks enable personnel to warn and advise on lightning hazards, not only for aircraft operations but also resource protection. This FYI provides information on lightning and its effects on operations. ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
THUNDERSTORMS
