| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 19, Number 3, March 2012 |
Mar 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
 | After a 12-year hiatus, military recruit training centers resumed administration of adenovirus type 4 and type 7 vaccine, live, oral (adenovirus vaccine) to trainees beginning in October of 2011. Subsequently, rates of febrile respiratory illnesses (FRI) and adenovirus isolations markedly declined. These findings are consistent with those of a placebo-controlled efficacy trial conducted prior to the vaccine s licensure by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Continued surveillance will clarify ... |
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| Cerebrovascular Injury Caused by a High Strain Rate Insult in the Thorax |
17 Jan 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Amy C Courtney; Michael W Courtney; AIR FORCE ACADEMY COLORADO SPRINGS CO
|
| Primary blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has increased in documented incidence and public prominence in recent conflicts. Evidence for a thoracic mechanism of blast-induced TBI was recently reviewed and, while the totality is compelling, data from experiments isolating this mechanism is sparse. Notably, one recent study showed pericapillar haemorrhage in brain tissue from victims of single, fatal gunshot wounds to the chest. Here, qualitative results are reported for a small ... |
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| Trauma Reports. Volume 12, Number 6, November/December 2011 |
Dec 2011 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
David I Bruner; Amy Pritchard; Amy Hubert; NAVAL MEDICAL CENTER PORTSMOUTH VA
|
| Pulmonary contusions are a frequent complication of chest trauma and may have serious morbidity and mortality associated with them. Early recognition, aggressive management, and a targeted diagnostic approach may optimize outcomes for these patients. The authors present a concise, comprehensive review of the current status of identification and management of pulmonary contusions. |
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| PROSPECT: Profiling of Resistance Patterns Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Evaluation of Cancers of the Thorax and Therapeutic Target Identification |
Jun 2011 |
|
| Authors:
Waun K Hong; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
 | We will develop a high throughput therapeutic-target focused (TTF) profiling platform and will combine this with tumor genome wide mRNA profiling and with serum or plasma profiling of phosphopeptides and DNA. We will use these molecular profiles to help define how various molecular factors alone and in combination relate to resistance to therapy, to prognosis, and to metastatic patterns at relapse. Using tumor and blood samples from non-small cell lung ... |
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| Kevlar Vest Protection Against Blast Overpressure Brain Injury: Systemic Contributions to Injury Etiology |
May 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph B Long; GENEVA FOUNDATION TACOMA WA
|
| The etiology of blast-induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) is largely undefined. Along with reducing mortality, in preliminary experiments Kevlar vests significantly protected against BOP-induced neuropathological changes in rats. We postulate that: 1) much of the blast-induced fiber degeneration in brain results from pressure surges transmitted through the vasculature that elicit a series of intracranial disruptions, and 2) Kevlar vests are neuroprotective by uncoupling this pressure transmission following exposure to blast. ... |
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| Evaluation of Thoracic Injury in Swine Model with a Noise Immune Stethoscope |
APR 2011 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Alaistair Bushby; Eric J. Ansorge; Keith Berry; Victoria Reeves; Gary Muniz; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Auscultation of heart and lung sounds is an important component of casualty triage, and military health care providers rely on this in order to manage an airway and to provide life saving interventions. This study evaluated the feasibility and sensitivity of a newly developed electronic stethoscope concept based on both enhanced acoustic isolation technology and on the application of a Doppler sensor (2 to 3 MHz) insensitive to noise audible ... |
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| Does the Method of Sternal Repair Influence Long-Term Outcome in Management of Treated Mediastinitis? |
15 MAR 2011 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
B. Z. Atkins; Mark W. Onaitis; Kelly A. Hutcheson; Keith Kaye; Walter G. Wolfe; VETERANS ADMINISTRATION HOSPITAL DURHAM NC
|
| We reviewed our management of postoperative mediastinitis and evaluated the impact of different flap repair on long term survival. |
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| Optimizing and Evaluating an Integrated SPECT-CmT System Dedicated to Improved 3-D Breast Cancer Imaging |
MAY 2010 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Dominic Crotty; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The overall objective of this research is to optimize the development of a combined dual-modality single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and x-ray computed mammotomography (CmT) system for the earlier detection and staging of breast cancer, improving surgical biopsy guidance, and the monitoring of patient therapy response. It is believed that co-registered acquisition of emission (nuclear) and transmission (x-ray) data using both 3D imaging modalities in a common field of ... |
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| Onboard SPECT for Localizing Functional and Molecular Targets in Metastatic Breast Cancer |
Jul-2009 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Justin R Roper; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The overall goal of this work is to assess the feasibility of using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for imaging inside radiation therapy treatment rooms to localize functional & molecular targets associated with metastatic breast cancer. A computer simulation was performed using a female NCAT phantom that had various tumor diameters and uptake ratios located in bone, chest wall and lung. SPECT scans were simulated for an anterior half-circular ... |
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| Mitigation Systems for Confined Blast Loading - Crew Protection in Armored Vehicles |
Apr-2009 |
151 pages |
| Authors:
Katherine M Gaulke; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| Confined blast behavior and blast mitigation structures for the protection of occupants within a confined space subjected to high explosive blast, were examined through numerical analysis and laboratory testing. The mitigating structure's weight and geometry were of particular interest since performance was targeted for inclusion within the limited interior space of an armored vehicle. Numerical analysis using eta/VPG modeling software and LS DYNA dynamic analysis software examined the effects of ... |
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| Autologous Marrow-Derived Stem Cell-Seeded Gene-Supplemented Collagen Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Regeneration as a Treatment for Paralysis |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Myron Spector; BOSTON VA RESEARCH INST MA
|
| The long-term objective of this research is to develop a device for treating spinal cord injury. The specific aims of the proposed study are to test new types of collagen biomaterials. Moreover we will be investigating the effects of incorporating genes from nerve growth factors into the collagen scaffolds and seeding the scaffolds with neurogenic cells. The standardized defect site is a 5-mm gap in the rat thoracic spinal cord. ... |
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| Cystic Fibrosis Chest X-Ray Findings: A Teaching Analog |
JUL 2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
James Slotto; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| The abnormal chest radiograph is often perplexing, but abnormal findings can be interpreted easily with a systematic and methodical approach. The companion cases presented this month highlights two basic, but often forgotten or confused findings that have very different meanings: tram-tracks and air-bronchograms. The authors present these two cases along with the assistance of analog imaging phantoms constructed out of household materials (straw, sponge, tape and apple), and application of ... |
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| Assessment of Injury Potential in Aircraft Side-Facing Seats Using the ES-2 Anthropomorphic Test Dummy |
MAY 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Richard DeWeese; David Moorcroft; Tom Green; M. M. Philippens; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| A project was conducted to assess the injury potential of current side facing aircraft seat configurations using the ES-2 Anthropomorphic Test Dummy proposed for use in Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. The ability of inflatable restraint systems to mitigate injuries in these configurations was also assessed. Impact sled tests were conducted at the Federal Aviation Administration's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute using a side-facing sofa fixture with cushion construction representative of ... |
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| Design, Implementation, and Characterization of a Dedicated Breast Computed Mammo Tomography System for Enhanced Lesion Imaging |
01 MAR 2007 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Randolph L. McKinley; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The overall goal of this work is to design implement and characterize a novel dedicated mammotomography system for enhanced lesion detection. This novel system will allow fully 3-D imaging of a pendant uncompressed breast using novel 3-D complex orbit capabilities. The system has been characterized in terms of dose efficiency and contrast sensitivity indicating the potential for sub-dual-view-dose imaging. The 2D and 3D MTFs have been determined. Observer studies have ... |
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| Scavenger Receptors and Resistance to Inhaled Allergens |
FEB 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Lester Kobzik; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| After OVA sensitization and aerosol challenge, SR-AI/II and MARCO-deficient mice exhibited greater eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway hyper responsiveness compared to wild-type mice. A role for simple SRA-mediated antigen clearance (scavenging) by lung macrophages was excluded by observation of comparable uptake of fluorescent OVA by wild-type and SRA-deficient lung M(phi)s and DCs. In contrast, airway instillation of fluorescent antigen revealed significantly higher traffic of labelled DCs to thoracic lymph nodes ... |
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| Autologous Marrow-Derived Stem Cell-Seeded Gene-Supplemented Collagen Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Regeneration as a Treatment for Paralysis |
JAN 2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Myron Spector; BOSTON VA RESEARCH INST MA
|
| The long-term objective of this research is to develop a device for treating spinal cord injury. The specific aims of the proposed study are to test new types of collagen tubes and porous collagen scaffolds. Moreover we will be investigating the effects of incorporating genes from nerve growth factors into the collagen scaffolds and seeding the scaffolds with marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The standardized defect site is a 5-mm gap ... |
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| Mathematical Modeling of Physical and Cognitive Performance Decrement from Mechanical and Inhalation Insults |
DEC 2006 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
James H. Stuhmiller; Lucy Bykanova; Philemon Chan; Xinglai Dang; Adam Fournier; Diane W. Long; Zi Lu; Paul Masiello; Laurel Ng; Eugene Niu; TITAN CORP SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This report summarizes the first year of a 5-year program to develop physiologically and biomechanically based mathematical models that will allow the estimation of physical and cognitive performance decrements from blunt trauma and inhalation insult. The main objectives of this research effort are as follows: (1) to develop advanced lung models that include multi-scale mechanical, anatomical, functional, and patho-physiological components to predict the acute trauma and performance decrement due to ... |
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| Inspiratory Resistance Maintains Arterial Pressure During Central Hypovolemia: Implications For Treatment Of Combat Casualties With Severe Hemorrhage |
01-Nov-2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Victor A Convertino; Kathy L Ryan; Caroline A Richards; John B Holcomb; William H Cooke; Ahamed H Idris; Anja Metzger; Keith G Lurie; Bruce D Adams; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Loss of consciousness due to central hypovolemia can occur due to sudden cardiovascular decompensation in normal individuals or hypovolemic shock in wounded patients. A variety of devices have been developed to sustain perfusion to the brain including anti-G suits worn by pilots and returning astronauts and applied to patients as shock trousers. However, all countermeasures developed to date suffer from problems that limit their utility in the field. An impedance ... |
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| Photo Quiz. Reaction After Smallpox Vaccination |
JUL 2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
MG Rusnak J Kortepeter JM; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| A 31-year-old woman presented with a 12-hour history of pain, tenderness, swelling, and erythema over her left anterior chest wall nine days after receiving a primary smallpox vaccination. As instructed, she kept the site loosely covered with dry gauze and an adhesive dressing and made daily dressing changes. Two days before presentation, she experienced neck and supraclavicular pain on the left side that resolved within 24 hours. She had not ... |
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| Full Scale Evaluation of Lightweight Personal Protective Ensembles for Demining |
2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
A. Makris; J. Nerenberg; ARMY COMMUNICATIONS-ELECTRONICS COMMAND FORT BELVOIR VA
|
| A wide range of equipment, in the form of helmets, vests, aprons, trousers, etc., is currently in use around the world to protect deminers against the effects of anti-personnel (AP) mines. Significant variations exist in terms of the level of protection afforded, operational usefulness, quality of manufacture and cost of each of these components. To date, there had been only limited studies undertaken to systematically and quantitatively assess the effectiveness ... |
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| Development and Evaluation of Sterographic Display for Lung Cancer Screening |
DEC 2005 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Xiao H. Wang; Walter F. Good; Carl R. Fuhrman; Howard E. Rockett; David Gur; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| The main purpose of this project is to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of using a stereo display workstation for lung cancer screening on CT images. The tasks included in this project are development and evaluation of stereo image projection and display for chest CT images, observer performance evaluation for the stereo display, and stereo feature analysis and comparison to the conventionally used display methods for lung cancer detection. During ... |
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| The Effects of Training and Subject Reproducibility During Vertical Impact Acceleration |
27 SEP 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Hilary Gallagher; Joseph Pellettiere; Erica Doczy; CONSORTIUM RESEARCH AND FELLOWS PROGRAM ARLINGTON VA
|
| Several studies have been conducted to collect and analyze the biodynamic response during vertical impact acceleration. There is little data, however, describing the effects of subject training on human response. There are also questions regarding the effect of subject reproducibility and how it might affect data variability. Research is required to determine the effect of training and to properly describe the human response to a vertical impact. This could potentially ... |
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| 3D Near Infrared Diffuse Wave Imaging With Ultrasound Localization |
SEP 2005 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Minming Huang; Quing Zhu; CONNECTICUT UNIV STORRS
|
| This proposal is focused on the three-dimensional NIR imaging reconstruction using ultrasound localization for cancer detection and diagnosis. During the reported period, we have achieved simultaneous reconstruction of optical absorption and scattering coefficients of heterogeneities using a dual-mesh scheme based on finite element method, and introduced a new simple two-layer model to correct diffusive wave distortion caused by underlying chest wall of patients. |
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| Development of a Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Load Carriage: Phase II Part C&D. User's Manual V 3.0: Dynamic Load Carriage Compliance Tester Automated Test Cell |
AUG 2005 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
S. A. Reid; J. T. Bryant; J. M. Stevenson; QUEEN'S UNIV KINGSTON (ONTARIO) ERGONOMICS RESEARCH GROUP
|
| This report represents the User's Manual for the 3D dynamic load carriage simulator and automated test cell. Contained within this report are the hardware and software components in addition to instructions for users to run the system. If the system is ever moved to a new location, this manual must be taken with it for set-up and data acquisition. The changes to the automated programmable motion control system have created ... |
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| New Approaches in SPECT Breast Imaging |
JUL 2005 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Kelly E. Braun; R. Jaszczak; K. Bobkov; J. Bowsher; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The primary objective of this research is to develop new techniques in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) breast cancer imaging providing improved detection and characterization of early stage breast cancer. Projection data were acquired by implementing a tiltable SPECT system on a breast and torso phantom. The data were reconstructed with both an ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm and a filtered backprojection (FPP) algorithm with a ramp filter. ... |
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| Using Specialized Information Technology to Reduce Errors in Emergency Cardiac Care |
2005 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Denise H. Daudelin; Manlik Kwong; Joni R. Beshansky; Harry P. Selker; AGENCY FOR HEALTHCARE RESEARCH AND QUALITY ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Information Technology (IT) solutions to patient safety/medical error problems are promising, but only in the early stages of their development and implementation. Many current IT applications for patient safety are focused on hospital processes, such as physician order entry and clinical information system based alerts for critical values. These interventions are broadly based, often targeting all medications ordered or all critical values for all patients, and, by necessity, are not ... |
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| Procedures for Using the AMANDA Model in Acceleration Response Studies (Tutorial by Example) |
SEP 2004 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Owen P. Litt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD SURVIVABILITY LETHALITY ANALYSIS DIRECTORATE
|
| This report describes the procedures for using the AMANDA model in acceleration response studies. It includes processing of acceleration time- history data for inputting the data into AMANDA and applying AMANDA, which predicts head chest and pelvis acceleration, in order to predict injury. The ORCA modeling system is a computer software package that provides a comprehensive standardized casualty assessment methodology associated with weapon-induced injuries. It also includes recommended improvements to ... |
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| Devices for Emergency Hypothermia and Military Applications |
SEP 2004 |
176 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph Gill; ARDIEM MEDICAL INC INDIANA PA
|
| Recent work in the field of emergency and therapeutic hypothermia shows excellent results through the induction of mild-to-moderate profound hypothermia (SA) in laboratory animals using devices developed and fabricated by Ardiem Medical, Inc. An engineering prototype of a device used for the induction of mild- (34 deg C) to-moderate (30 deg C) hypothermia was delivered to SCRR center for Resuscitation Research (SCRR) in the last reporting period (01 Sept. 2002-31 ... |
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| New Approaches in SPECT Breast Imaging |
JUL 2004 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Kelly Braun; R. Jaszczak; K. Bobkov; J. Bowsher; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The primary objective of this research is to develop new techniques in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) breast cancer imaging providing improved detection and characterization of early stage breast cancer. Projection data were acquired by implementing a tiltable SPECT system on a breast and torso phantom. The data were reconstructed with both an ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) algorithm and a filtered backprojection (FBP) algorithm with a ramp filter. ... |
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| Incidence and Follow-Up of Inflammatory Cardiac Complications After Smallpox Vaccination |
20-Apr-2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Mark K Arness; Joseph G Murphy; Sheri Y Boyd; Charles L Campbell; Dimitri C Cassimatis; Edwin Atwood; David N Tornberg; James R Riddle; Limone C Collins; Suzanne S Love; Robert E Eckart; David L Swerdlow; OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL (ARMY) FALLS CHURCH VA
|
| The purpose of this study was to assess the follow-up of patients with vaccinia-associated myocarditis. With the threat of biological warfare, the U.S. Department of Defense resumed a program for widespread smallpox vaccinations on December 13, 2002. One-year afterwards, there has been a significant increase in the occurrence of myocarditis and pericarditis among those vaccinated. Cases were identified through sentinel reporting to military headquarters, systematic surveillance, and spontaneous reports. A ... |
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| Suitability of Nonin Models 8500 and 9500 Pulse Oximeters, and Model 9847 Pulse Oximeter, and Carbon Dioxide Detector for Use in Hyperbaric Chambers |
FEB 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Gary W. Latson; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Pulse oximetry has proven to be a valuable clinical monitor of respiratory adequacy in many healthcare settings. It is considered to be "standard of care" in many critical care settings such as operating rooms, intensive care units, and procedure rooms where sedation is administered. Although most patients in hyperbaric chamoers are well oxygenated by virtue of the fact that they are breathing oxygen at hyperbaric pressures, some situations could result ... |
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| The Effect of Tie-Down Geometry and Strap Angle on Personnel Restraint System Impact Dynamics |
NOV 2003 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Benjamin C. Kuennen; John R. Buhrman; James W. Brinkley; John P. Kilian; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| It has long been known that the proper use of safety restraining devices in aircraft can greatly reduce the risk of serious injury and even fatality in the event of a crash. The use of shoulder belts with lap belts could reduce major injuries by more than 85% and fatalities by 20% 3. Numerous studies have also linked the improper use of safety belts and shoulder harnesses to injuries in ... |
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| Acute Respiratory Distress Sundrome (ARDS): Pathogenesis and Treatment Modalities |
31 JAN 2003 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Kari A. Miller; Patsy A. Perry; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Although the name acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was not established until 1967, ARDS is a condition which has been documented and, to some extent described prior to the l9OO's. Over the last century ARDS has been characterized by several names which include: shock lung, wet lung, DaNang lung, fat embolism, congestive atelectasis, oxygen toxicity, stiff lung syndrome, white lung syndrome, and pump lung, to mention a few. A study ... |
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| Calculation of Initial Tidal Volume Settings for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Patients in One Southern Ohio Hospital's Critical Care Units |
2003 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Heidi M. Stewart; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, stiff lungs, and hypoxemia, without evidence of cardiac disease. ARDS has a high mortality of around 40-50% (Slutsky, 2002). With the creation of the National Institutes of Health ARDS network in 1994, knowledge about ARDS pathophysiology and treatment has advanced tremendously (Martin, 2002). Several independent studies have shown improved prognosis of patients with Acute (Adult) Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) ... |
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| Remote Echocardiography: Proof of Concept for Support of National Disasters, Combat and Humanitarian Mission |
DEC 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Sheri Y. Boyd; Linda L. Huffer; Terry D. Bauch; James L. Furgerson; BROOKE ARMY MEDICAL CENTER FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Echocardiography is an essential tool in the evaluation of patients with cardiac emergencies and chest trauma. The objective of our study was to establish the feasibility and diagnostic accuracy of a portable satellite transmission system in the assessment of cardiac emergencies for the real-time support of rnass casualty and humanitarian relief efforts. Twelve patients with cardiac structural disease identified by conventional in-hospital transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) were transported to a remote ... |
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| The Multiple Inert Gas Elimination Technique: Current Methodology at the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (CD-ROM) |
15 OCT 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Andriy Batchinsky; Lee Cancio; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
| ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 14 files; MS Word (.DOC), MS PowerPoint (.PPT), Tagged Image File (.TIF), and Windows Media Audio/Video file (.WMV). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc (CD-ROM); 4 3/4 in.; 108 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: IBM-clone PC-compatible; requires Media Player. ABSTRACT: The intrapulmonary causes of hypoxemia include alveolar hypoventilation, ventilation-perfusion (Va/Q) inequality, shunt, and diffusion limitation to oxygen. In the late 1970's,P.D. Wagner developed the Multiple Inert Gas ... |
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| The Effect of Walking Speed and Adding a Backpack on Trunk Dynamics During Treadmill Walking |
OCT 2002 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Michael LaFiandra; Robert Wagenaar; Kenneth Holt; John P. Obusek; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY PERFORMANCEDIV
|
| To determine the effects of load carriage and walking speed on stride parameters and the coordination of trunk movements, twelve subjects walked on a level treadmill at a range of walking speeds (0.6 m/s - 1.6 m/s) with and without a backpack containing 40% of their body mass. It was hypothesized that compared to unloaded walking load carriage decreases transverse pelvic and thoracic rotation, the mean relative phase between pelvic ... |
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| An Assessment of the Potential for Increasing the Salvageability of Critical Combat Traumas Through First Responder Interventions |
30 JUL 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; G. J. Walker; Ray Bias; Edmond Kay; Edward J. Carlson; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Five former first responders with battlefield experience as a corpsman/medic and subsequent medical experience after discharge each reviewed 100 clinical records of soldiers wounded in combat who subsequently died of their wounds. The former first responders were surveyed as to which, if any, present-day technologies and/or training, if made available to today's first responders, would make a difference in the salvageability of each trauma case reviewed. In an average of ... |
|
| Revascularization for Chronic Mesentric Ishemia Comparison of Endovascular and Open Surgical Intervention |
JAN 2002 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew N. Bowser; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| The purpose of this report is to compare the patient groups and outcome following treatment of symptomatic chromc mesenteric ischemia using percutaneous angioplasty/stenting (PAS) or open surgical reconstruction |
|
| Non-Invasive Measurement of Diaphragmatic Contraction Timing in Dogs |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
A. Torres; J. A. Fiz; J. Morera; A. E. Grassino; R. Jane; MONTREAL UNIV (QUEBEC) NOTRE DAME HOSPITAL
|
| The movement of thoracic cage (TM) measured with a piezoelectric contact sensor placed on the costal wall is presented in this work as a new non- invasive technique for diaphragmatic contraction period (CP) monitoring. Relationship between CP estimated with this technique is compared with estimations done with other respiratory signals commonly employed for physiological research studies: diaphragm length measured with sonomicrometry (DL), transdiafragmatic pressure (DP) and respiratory airflow (FL). Specific ... |
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| Mechanical Properties of Coronary Arteries and Internal Mammary Arteries Beyond Physiological Deformations |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
C. J. Van Andel; P. V. Pistecky; C. Borst; DELFT UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY (NETHERLANDS)DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Passive circumferential and axial mechanical properties of porcine coronary arteries and internal mammary arteries (IMA) were measured and compared. The cylindrical specimens were subjected to axial stretch and internal pressures up to 300 mmHg. Stress-strain relations of the arteries were calculated from the measured data and compared. It was found that the stresses in the IMA were much higher and that the IMA is stiffer than the coronary artery, especially ... |
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| Application of Lead Field Theory and Computerized Thorax Modeling for the ECG Inverse Problem |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
H. G. Puurtinen; J. Hyttinen; P. Kauppinen; N. Takano; P. Laarne; TAMPERE UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY (FINLAND) RAGNAR GRANIT INST
|
| The ECG inverse problem is a widely studied area, and several different approaches have been used to solve II. The present study introduces the reciprocally calculated lead field concept for solving the ECG inverse problem. The lead field approach based on the reciprocity theorem provides a procedure to calculate the computationally heavy forward problem by a single solution for each ECG lead. In this study, one anatomically detailed 3D FDM ... |
|
| Effect of Cardiac Phases and Conductivity Inhomogeneities of the Thorax Models on ECG Lead Selection and Reconstruction |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Noriyuki Takano; Hanna-Greta Puurtinen; Pasi Kauppinen; Jari Hyttinen; Jaakko Malmivuo; TAMPERE UNIV OF TECHNOLOGY (FINLAND) RAGNAR GRANIT INST
|
| ECG lead selection and reconstruction were investigated in the present study using ECG source-to-measurement transfer matrices computed in inhomogeneous and homogeneous conductor thorax-heart models, which represent end-systolic and end-diastolic cardiac phases. ECG leads were selected from a set of 120 leads for body surface potential mapping. The transfer matrices of the 120-lead system were reconstructed from a transfer matrix of selected leads. Effects of changing the cardiac phase and the ... |
|
| Reduction of Heart Sounds from Lung Sound Recordings by Automated Gain Control and Adaptive Filtering Techniques |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
L. Yip; Y. T. Zhang; CHINESE UNIV OF HONG KONG SHATIN DEPT OF ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
|
| Auscultation is an attractive, simple, and noninvasive method for the diagnosis of cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders. However, heart sounds contaminates severely lung sound recordings. The results of our previous researches indicated that the Laplacian electrocardiography signal (LECC) could be used as a reference for adaptive filtering to reduce heart sounds. In this paper, an integrated platform including an electronic stethoscope, an automated gain control (AGC), and an adaptive algorithm, has ... |
|
| Epidural Analgesia in the Postoperative Period |
OCT 2001 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Curtis E. Mathsen; Robert C. Smith; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Postoperative pain is an unwanted side effect of surgery, and is associated with many postoperative complications. This descriptive study was conducted to determine which surgical patients experienced the most analgesia with the fewest side effects when receiving epidural analgesia in the postoperative period. A retrospective chart audit of 200 surgical patients who received epidural medications for pain management was conducted. The sample was obtained from a 90-bed hospital. A description ... |
|
| Heat Stress Effects With Two USAF G-Protection Systems |
SEP 2001 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Ulf I. Balldin; Robert B. O'Connor; Paul M. Werchan; Wayne M. Isdahl; Peter Demitry; HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE BROOKS AFB TX BIODYNAMICS AND PROTECTION DIV
|
| The USAF's Combined Advanced Technology Enhanced Design U-Ensemble (COMBAT EDGE-CE) uses positive pressure breathing (PPB) to enhance acceleration tolerance. A counter-pressure vest is worn to balance intra-thoracic pressure during PPB. Airerew have reported an increased thermal burden with wear of the CE vest. Thus, this study was designed to compare the heat load of wearing the USAF's standard anti-U system (STD) to that of CE, and to determine if the ... |
|
| A Test Methodology for Assessing Demining Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) |
MAY 2001 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Chichester; Cameron Bass; Brian Boggess; Martin Davis; Ellory Sanderson; Gin Di Marco; ARMY COMMUNICATIONS-ELECTRONICS COMMAND FORT BELVOIR VA
|
| To reduce human casualties associated with demining, a wide range of protective wear has been designed to shield against accidental detonation of antipersonnel (AP) landmines. Injury protection offered by personal protective equipment (PPE) may include, but is not limited to, head/face protection and thorax protection that may offer the potential for substantial defense against fragments, blunt force trauma, burns, and other consequences of mine blasts. In this study, five commercially ... |
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| The Effect of Load Carriage on Trunk Coordination during Treadmill Walking at Increasing Walking Speed |
MAY 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Michael LaFiandra; John P. Obusek; Kenneth G. Holt; Robert Wagenaar; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY PERFORMANCEDIV
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| The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of walking speed and wearing a backpack on trunk coordination and upper and lower body angular momentum, Twelve subjects (5 male, 7 female, mean age, yr: mean +/- SD = 26 +/- 7.1) walked on a treadmill at increasing speeds from 0.6 m(exp s-1) to 1.6 m(exp s-1) in 0.2 m(exp s-1) increments. Subjects walked wit a backpack (BP) containing ... |
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| Modeling the Biodynamical Response of the Human Thorax With Body Armor From a Bullet Impact |
MAR 2001 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Lobuono; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The objective of this study is to develop a finite element model of the human thorax with a protective body armor system so that the model can adequately determine the thorax's biodynamical response from a projectile impact. The finite element model of the human thorax consists of the thoracic skeleton, heart, lungs, major arteries, major veins, trachea, and bronchi. The finite element model of the human thorax is validated by ... |
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| Modeling the Biodynamical Response of the Human Thorax with Body Armor from a Bullet Impact |
MAR 2001 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Lobuono; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The objective of this study is to develop a finite element model of the human thorax with a protective body armor system so that the model can adequately determine the thorax's biodynamical response from a projectile impact. The finite element model of the human thorax consists of the thoracic skeleton, heart, lungs, major arteries, major veins, trachea, and bronchi. The finite element model of the human thorax is validated by ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
THORAX
