| Multi-Scale Modeling for Combined Shock-Shear Initiation of Energetic Solids |
07-Oct-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Keith A Gonthier; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV BATON ROUGE DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
 | Multi-scale interactions between initially planar deformation waves in heterogeneous energetic solids and macro-scale boundaries were computationally examined to characterize wave interaction structures and dissipative heating responsible for combustion initiation. The macro-scale response was described by a continuum theory that accounts for elastic and inelastic volumetric deformation in a thermodynamically consistent manner. The meso-scale response was described by conservation principles and an elastic-viscoplastic constitutive theory to predict contact induced nonlinear deformation ... |
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| Diamond/CNT Film Interface for Heat Dissipation in Electronic Devices |
29-Sep-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Phan Ngoc Minh; VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HANOI INST OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (VAST)
|
| Commercial thermal matching media such as thermal grease are normally basing on silver. By adding a suitable amount of the CNTs into the commercial silver paste, it is expected to improve the conductivity and the performance of any high power electronic components such as micro-processor, high power laser, high power LED for lighting, and so on. In this research, CNT materials were successfully functionalized to form CNT-COOH and CNT-C6H4NH2. The ... |
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| Modeling Effects of Crystalline Microstructure, Energy Storage Mechanisms, and Residual Volume Changes on Penetration Resistance of Precipitate-Hardened Aluminum Alloys |
Aug-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John D Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| An anisotropic nonlinear crystal mechanics model is developed for a class of ductile aluminum alloys, with the intent of relating microscopic features and properties to performance of the alloys deformed at high strain rates that may arise during impact and blast events. A direct numerical simulation of dynamic tensile deformation of an aluminum polycrystal demonstrates a tendency for shear localization to occur in regions of the microstructure where the ratio ... |
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| Accuracy Analysis for Kinetic Modeling of Homogeneous Condensation in Plumes |
Jun-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Sergey Gimelshein; Deborah Levin; Ingrid Wysong; Ryan Jansen; Michael Zeifman; Zheng Li; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Two different approaches for modeling the clustering in rapidly expanding plumes have been reported in the literature. The first approach, known as the classical approach, takes its starting point from the classical nucleation theory (CNT) which is based on equilibrium thermodynamics. The second one, known as the kinetic approach, treats nucleation as the process of kinetic chemical aggregation. The first, macroscopic, approach, while being useful and found to be applicable ... |
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| Prediction of High Temperature Grease Life Using a Decomposition Kinetic Model |
24-Apr-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
In-Sik Rhee; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARREN MI
|
| A decomposition kinetic model was developed based on thermodynamic theory, first-order reaction law, and PDSC and modified TGA techniques. This kinetic model is able to predict grease degradation life at various temperatures using their activation energy. In addition, the kinetic model was found to have a good correlation with the ASTM D 3527 test method that was simulated using a front wheel bearing system. The advantage of this kinetic model ... |
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| Application of a Ternary Phase-Field Model to Precipitation Behavior in Ni-Al-Cr Alloys (Preprint) |
Apr-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
J P Simmons; C Woodward; Y H Wen; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| A recently developed ternary phase-field model is applied to study the precipitation behavior in Ni-Al-Cr alloys. The effect of diffusivity and initial compositional/ordering profiles on the growth process of precipitates are examined. Specifically, the composition evolution with time in the precipitates is simulated and compared with experimental observations by Sudbrack et al. The simulation work reveals that the CR- trapping phenomenon can only be reproduced with no significant partitioning of ... |
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| Thermodynamic Stability and Kinetic Lability of Fully-Condensed Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Cages (Preprint) |
26-Mar-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry Boatz; Joseph M Mabry; Timothy S Haddad; Sarah Weber; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING INC (ERC INC) EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) cages [RSiO(sub 1.5)]n are a class of nano-particles that are being exploited as property modifiers to virtually every type of polymer imaginable. The most common of these materials are the R8Si8O12 derivatives (also known as the T(sub 8's)), as the octomeric cage is preferentially formed in almost all synthetic pathways reported. However, well-defined oligomeric cages with n = 6, 10, 12 or 14 are also known ... |
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| A Verification of the COAMPS-TC Model Predictions of Typhoon Nuri (2008) |
01-Mar-2009 |
98 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer M Hensley; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The objective of this thesis is to examine the predictions of the COAMPS-TC model for Typhoon Nuri during the THORPEX Pacific Asian Regional Campaign (T-PARC) and the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS-08) experiment that occurred in August through October 2008 in the western North Pacific. This case study on Typhoon Nuri examines the dynamic and thermodynamic structure changes of this tropical cyclone, including the intensity, track, radar reflectivity, and azimuthally-averaged ... |
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| Modeling of High Capacity Passive Cooling System |
Mar-2009 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Ashraful Islam; BANGLADESH UNIV OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DHAKA (BANGLADESH)
|
| High capacity passive cooling system studied in this project utilizes the thermoloop heat transfer concept (THTC). This device is an assemblage of Evaporator, Condenser, Non-return valves and Reservoir charged with a liquid for removing heat from any source upon which the evaporator is attached. Extensive experiments have been conducted and using experimental results a software module has been developed for to analyze the performance of the device for different operating ... |
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| Genesis of Infrared Decoy Flares: The Early Years from 1950 into the 1970s. First Edition |
26-Jan-2009 |
186 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard E Douda; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CRANE DIV IN
|
| The evolution of decoy flares did not follow a direct or pre-planned path. Instead, the development was influenced by many factors and requirements existing at the time. One of the most important of these is that the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS), Inyokern China Lake, California had an assigned mission to develop rockets and missiles. This mission became the basis for the requirement that drove flare developments. Fortunately there were ... |
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| Liquid Metal Anode for JP-8 Fuel Cell |
15-Jan-2009 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Tao; Ralph White; Stephen Klotz; CELLTECH POWER LLC WESTBOROUGH MA
|
| Report developed under STTR contract W911NF-08-C-0075 for topic A08-T007. JP-8 is a high-energy density liquid fuel available to the soldier, but its electrochemical oxidation in a fuel cell is problematic. The purpose of this effort is to advance the development of a liquid metal based fuel cell operating directly on JP-8 for application in a field portable battery charger. During Phase 1 an evaluation was performed of a range of ... |
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| Enhanced Mass Transport in Ultrarapidly Heated Ni/Si Thin-Film Multilayers |
Jan-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
L P Cook; W F Egelhodd; C B Montgomery; C E Campbell; U R Kattner; I Levin; W Wong-Ng; S Eustis; N Bassim; R E Cavicchi; M D Vaudin; NATIONAL INST OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY GAITHERSBURG MD
|
| We investigated multilayer and bilayer Ni/Si thin films by nanodifferential scanning calorimetry nano-DSC at ultrarapid scan rates, in a temperature-time regime not accessible with conventional apparatus. DSC experiments were completed at slower scan rates as well, where it was possible to conduct parallel rapid thermal annealing experiments for comparison. Post experimental characterization was accomplished by x-ray diffraction, and by transmission electron microscopy TEM and energy-filtered TEM of thin cross sections ... |
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| Non-Equilibrium Phonon Processes and Degradation in Gigahertz Nanoscale Mechanical Resonators |
09-Sep-2008 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald J Iafrate; Andrey A Kiselev; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Nonequilibrium phonon processes and related degradation effects were treated for a Euler-Bernoulli flexural beam undergoing scaling from the micro to the nano spatial regime. For the scaling lengths under consideration, the lowest resonator mode is in the frequency range of 1-10 GHz. In a Euler-Bernoulli-Boltzmann framework, an analysis of the internal phonon dynamics and flow in the flexural beam is conducted, and dissipative losses are evaluated. In limiting cases, two ... |
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| White Sands Missile Range 2007 Urban Study: Data Processing - Volume DP-2 (Main Dataset) |
01-Sep-2008 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Manuel Bustillos; Sean D'Arcy; Robert Brice; Gail Vaucher; Ron Cionco; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| This report (Volume DP-2) completes the initial series of White Sands Missile Range 2007 Urban Study (W07US) documentation. The term "data processing" can generate a wide variety of expectations across the many scientific disciplines. for W07US, data processing included all actions leading to the most informative quality data output relevant to the mission objectives. Thus, the data processing task began with the inception of the field study, continued through the ... |
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| Assessment of the Effectiveness of Clay Soil Covers as Engineered Barriers in Waste Disposal Facilities with Emphasis on Modeling Cracking Behavior |
01-Jun-2008 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Berney; Ernest S IV; Wayne D Hodo; John F Peters; Tommy E Myers; Richard S Olsen; Michael K Sharp; NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION WASHINGTON DC
|
| Abstract: This research investigated the nature of cracking behavior in compacted clay liners used for nuclear waste disposal facilities. A literature review found that, in all documented in-place clay liner studies, cracking occurred in the clay liner within 10 years, leading to failure of the liner system. Further, all moisture-flow models studied failed to capture clay cracking and the resultant high permeability associated with these failed liner systems. A laboratory ... |
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| An Experimental Study of Water Injection into a Rolls-Royce Model 250-C20B Turboshaft Gas Turbine |
06-May-2008 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel L Golden; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| Environmental responsibility is a focus of researchers in many fields. In the field of engine and propulsion research this is manifested in a focus on minimization of emissions while maximizing efficiency and performance. Water Fog Injection (WFI) has been suggested as a method for the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions in gas turbines. WFI consists of spraying a fine mist of water into the compressor inlet of the gas turbine. ... |
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| Landau-Devonshire Parameters for the Tunable Paraelectric Material BaTi.9(Sc,Ta).05O3 |
01-Mar-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Virginia Miller; Frank Crowne; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| Measured values of the nonlinear electrical response of the perovskite ferroelectric compound BaTi.9(Sc,Ta).05O3 are used to deduce the thermodynamic Landau-Devonshire parameters of the material, which are found to differ strongly from those of the parent material BaTiO3, despite the small amount of added Sc and Ta. The compound is found to cubic, with a low transition temperature of 60 deg. C. An explanation for this behavior is advanced based on ... |
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| Evaluation of Daytime Boundary Layer Heights from a Mesoscale Model Using Profilers/RASS Measurements |
01 MAR 2008 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Lindsay A. Bloch; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis study focuses on the evaluation of the boundary layer height (BLH) diagnosed from a mesoscale model in comparison to wind profiler/Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS) measurements from the profiler site at Miramar Marine Corps Station (MMR). This objective is met through validation of the observed BLH and evaluations of the model BLH using the observed BLH's. In particular, two methods, one uses Signal-to-Noise-Ratio (SNR) from the profiler, and ... |
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| A Model for Deformation and Fragmentation in Crushable Brittle Solids |
MAR 2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A unified framework of continuum elasticity, inelasticity, damage mechanics, and fragmentation in crushable solid materials is presented. A free energy function accounts for thermodynamics of elastic deformation and damage, and thermodynamically admissible kinetic relations are given for inelastic rates (i.e., irreversible strain and damage evolution). The model is further specialized to study concrete subjected to ballistic loading. Numerical implementation proceeds within a finite element context in which standard continuum elements ... |
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| Comparison of Fire and Smoke Simulator (FSSIM) Predictions with Hydraulic Fluid Spray Fire Test Data |
10 DEC 2007 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
John B. Hoover; Frederick W. Williams; NAVY TECHNOLOGY CENTER FOR SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Results from large-scale hydraulic fluid spray fire tests have been compared with simulations of those tests using the Fire and Smoke Simulator (FSSIM) model. Using a model calibration data set, the sensitivity of FSSIM to several key inputs was evaluated; for the critical heat release rate (HRR) parameter, an adjustment factor was estimated to correct for unburned fuel. The resulting input parameters were then applied to similar data sets and ... |
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| 2006 Program of Study: Ice |
MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Neil J. Balmforth; John S. Wettlaufer; Grae Worster; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA DEPT OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
|
 | Ice was the topic under discussion at Walsh Cottage during the 2006 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Summer Study Program. Professor Grae Worster (University of Cambridge) was the principal lecturer, and navigated our path through the fluid dynamics of icy processes in GFD. Towards the end of Grae's lectures, we also held the 2006 GFD Public Lecture. This was given by Greg Dash of the University of Washington, on matters of ice ... |
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| Ultra High Pressure Air Properties and CFD Code |
28 FEB 2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Merkle; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN SCHOOL OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| The research objectives are to develop effective procedures for computing fluid flow at ultra high pressures where fluids exhibit very different thermodynamic behavior than the perfect gas and incompressible fluid models that are commonly used in CFD simulations. Three issues to be addressed include: developing RANS algorithms for arbitrary fluid applications; developing efficient properties evaluation procedures for arbitrary fluids; and extending hybrid RANS-LES algorithms to high pressures. All three of ... |
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| Constraints on the Grueneisen Theory |
FEB 2007 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Steven B. Segletes; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| While the Grueneisen theory was developed from statistical theory, it is unclear which results of statistical mechanics are intrinsically part of the macroscopic Gr neisen theory and which may be dispensed with by users of the macroscopic theory. Several constraints on entropy and specific heat, arising from the Grueneisen theory, are developed herein. Not surprisingly, such constraints are compatible with the underlying statistical theory. Nonetheless, having been derived from macroscopic ... |
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| Free Energy Gap and Statistical Thermodynamic Fidelity of DNA Codes (Postprint) |
Jan-2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Morgan A Bishop; Anthony J Macula; Thomas E Renz; Vyacheslav V Rykov; Arkadii G D'Yachkov; MACULA (ANTHONY J) GENESSEO NY
|
| DNA nanotechnology often requires collections of oligonucleotides called DNA free energy gap codes that do not produce erroneous crosshybridizations in a competitive muliplexing environment. This paper addresses the question of how to design these codes to accomplish a desired amount of work within an acceptable error rate. Using a statistical thermodynamic and probabilistic model of DNA code fidelity and mathematical random coding theory methods, theoretical lower bounds on the size ... |
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| Regulation of DNA Metabolism by DNA-Binding Proteins Probed by Single Molecule Spectroscopy |
05 DEC 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Andreas Hanke; TEXAS UNIV AT BROWNSVILLE AND TEXAS SOUTHMOST COLLEGE
|
| Recent advances in single-molecule force spectroscopy of DNA make it possible to study the thermodynamics and kinetics of DNA binding proteins under a wide range of conditions. A biophysical model for the DNA binding T4 gene 32 protein has been developed to study the kinetics of DNA protein binding to transient single-stranded DNA regions due to thermal fluctuations. The model is used to analyze recent single-molecule spectroscopy data of this ... |
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| Evaluation of Straight and Swept Ramp Obstacles on Enhancing Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition in Pulse Detonation Engines |
DEC 2006 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Carlos A. Medina; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The use of detonations to achieve thrust in pulse detonation engines (PDEs) offers significant advantages in efficiency, simplicity, and versatility. An enabling mechanism for practical PDE implementation will likely utilize an efficient deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) process. This method simplifies detonation generation, but the required length is prohibitive in many applications and limits the frequency of repeatability. Obstacles have historically been employed to minimize the DDT distance, but often result in ... |
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| Directionally Solidified Multifunctional Ceramics |
DEC 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Ali Sayir; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH
|
| In order to achieve a significant increase in toughening and to retain the toughness at elevated temperatures a new multifunctional approach is proposed. The multifunctionality were achieved through directional solidification of polyphase materials comprising the load-bearing and functional phases. The functional phases include shape recovery and health monitoring. In parallel, new ideas about the load bearing phases were investigated to achieve tougher materials. |
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| DNA Conforming Dynamics and Protein Binding |
DEC 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Andreas Hanke; TEXAS UNIV AT BROWNSVILLE AND TEXAS SOUTHMOST COLLEGE
|
| Recent advances in single%molecule force spectroscopy of DNA make it possible to study the thermodynamics and kinetics of DNA binding proteins under a wide range of conditions. A biophysical model for the DNA binding T4 gene 32 protein has been developed to study the kinetics of DNA protein binding to transient single-stranded DNA regions due to thermal fluctuations. The model is used to analyze recent single-molecule spectroscopy data of this ... |
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| Modeling JP-8 Fuel Effects on Diesel Combustion Systems |
01 NOV 2006 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Schihl; Laura Hoogterp; Harold Pangilinan; Ernest Schwarz; Walter Bryzik; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| The U.S. Army currently utilizes Jet Propulsion 8 (JP-8) and Diesel Fuel number 2 (DF-2) as the two prime fuels for ground mobility applications. These two fuels have significant physicochemical property differences (such as density, distillation curve, and cetane number) that may result in fuel-affected varying combustion behavior in diesel engines under various operating conditions. Since engine manufacturers rely solely on DF- 2 for commercial vehicle applications most domestic industry, ... |
|
| Classical Model of the Electromagnetic Interaction Suitable for High Speed Semiconductor Device Simulation |
NOV 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Matt Grupen; HIGH PERFORMANCE TECHNOLOGIES INC ABERDEEN MD
|
| The vector field relations and mobile charge thermodynamics that form a complete and self-consistent classical model of the electromagnetic interaction are presented. The charge thermodynamics includes an original treatment of heat flow between ideal Fermi gases that is derived from their heat capacities. An original discretization scheme based on the properties of Delaunay and Voronoi meshes is also presented. This new scheme allows the field equations to be solved self-consistently ... |
|
| Using Quantum Mechanics to Predict Shock Properties of Explosives |
NOV 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
N. A. Romero; W. D. Mattson; B. M. Rice; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The almost exponential increase in computer power over the last few decades has opened up the venue for increasingly more advanced and accurate computer simulations. As little as ten years ago, quantum mechanical calculations were restricted to predictions of static properties of systems containing tens of atoms, thus limiting first principles explorations to gas phase chemical and physical processes. With today's computers, quantum mechanical calculations can easily be performed for ... |
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| Electronically Induced Redox Barriers for Treatment of Groundwater: Cost & Performance Report |
OCT 2006 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Tom Sale; David Gilbert; COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER
|
| Given success with a demonstration, there is an opportunity for a full-scale e-barrier that could replace an existing high-cost pump-and-treat system. In summary, data presented in this report describes substantive progress in demonstrating a new technology for managing contaminated groundwater at DoD facilities. At present, it is not clear that either cost or efficacy results will drive near-term widespread use of the technology for chlorinated ethenes. On the other hand, ... |
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| Modeling JP-8 Fuel Effects on Diesel Combustion Systems |
24 SEP 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Schihl; Laura Hoogterp; Harold Pangilinan; Ernest Schwarz; Walter Bryzik; ARMY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND WARREN MI
|
| The U.S. Army currently utilizes Jet Propulsion 8 (JP-8) and Diesel Fuel number 2 (DF-2) as the two prime fuels for ground mobility applications. These two fuels have significant physicochemical property differences (such as density, distillation curve, and cetane number) that may result in fuel-affected varying combustion behavior in diesel engines under various operating conditions. Since engine manufacturers rely solely on DF-2 for commercial vehicle applications most domestic industry, university, ... |
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| Observed and Simulated Temporal and Spatial Variations of Gap Outflow Region |
SEP 2006 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Robin C. Cherrett; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study focuses on understanding the development of gap outflow and the air-sea interaction processes during the 26 February 2004 Tehuano event over the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The Navy's Coupled Ocean Atmospheric Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPSTM) was used to simulate the gap wind event and was compared to satellite, scatterometer, and coincident in situ aircraft and dropsondes measurements collected during the Gulf of Tehuantepec Experiment (GOTEX). Comparisons between model ... |
|
| The Extratropical Transition of Tropical Storm Banyan |
SEP 2006 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Michael D. Vancas; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| During July 2005, Typhoon Banyan recurved and underwent extratropical transition over the western North Pacific. Coincident with the extratropical transition of Banyan, a large mid-tropospheric anticyclone developed immediately east of the recurving typhoon. The anticyclone was associated with a high-amplitude, Rossby wave-like pattern that developed downstream of the anticyclone and extended across the North Pacific. Development of the anticyclone is examined with respect to the interaction between the outflow from ... |
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| An Internal Variable Theory of Deformation, Damage, and Fragmentation of Solids |
SEP 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A unified framework of continuum elasticity, inelasticity, damage mechanics, and fragmentation in solid materials is presented. A free energy functional accounts for thermodynamics of elastic deformation and damage, with kinetic relations for inelastic rates adapted from prior literature. Average fragment velocities follow from momentum conservation, average fragment sizes are deduced from an energy balance, and size and velocity distributions are constructed following entropy maximization. The model is further developed to ... |
|
| White Sands Missile Range Urban Study: Flow and Stability Around a Single Building Part 1: Background and Overview |
JUL 2006 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Gail Vaucher; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) serves the Army Soldier by providing research tools and resources. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), an area which begins at the surface and extends vertically to 1-2 km above ground level, is one of the ARL research areas. The lowest 10% of the ABL (a.k.a., surface layer) is the primary work environment for an Army Soldier. Characterizing this atmospheric surface layer was the focus ... |
|
| Analysis and Simulation of Hypervelocity Gouging Impacts |
JUN 2006 |
312 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Cinnamon; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| In this work, a summary of past and present research efforts, as well as the theoretical foundation, of hypervelocity gouging is presented. As the Holloman AFB High Speed Test Track (HHSTT) sled's speed has increased to Mach 8.5, material interactions develops which causes "gouging" - this can result in catastrophic failure. A characterization of gouging, including a thermodynamic history, is developed from an examination of a gouged rail. An extensive ... |
|
| Design of a Coaxial Split Flow Pulse Detonation Engine |
JUN 2006 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Philip D. Hall; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Future Navy Capabilities indicate the need for a supersonic cruise missile. Thus the need exists for a low cost light-weight and efficient means of supersonic propulsion. NPS has been developing the Pulse Detonation Engine. which in theory has a thermodynamic efficiency greater than 50% as compared to 35% for state of the art constant-pressure cycles currently in use in gas turbines/ramjets/scramjets. Nonetheless, there are two major problems in the development ... |
|
| A Network Thermodynamic Framework for the Analysis and Control Design of Large-Scale Dynamical Systems |
31 MAR 2006 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Wassim M. Haddad; Quirino Balzano; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The main goal of this report is to summarize the progress achieved under the program during the past three years. Since most of the technical results appeared, or soon will appear, in over 100 archival journals and conference publications, we shall only summarize results and remark on their significance and interrelationship. As part of this research program, we proposed the development of a general analysis and control design framework for ... |
|
| Fusing Competing Prediction Algorithms for Prognostics (Preprint) |
MAR 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kai Goebel; Neil Eklund; Pierino Bonanni; GE GLOBAL RESEARCH CENTER NISKAYUNA NY
|
| Two fundamentally different approaches can be employed to estimate remaining life in faulted components. One is to model from first principles the physics of fault initiation and propagation. Such a model must include detailed knowledge of material properties, thermodynamic and mechanical response to loading, and the mechanisms for damage creation and growth. Alternatively, an empirical model of condition-based fault propagation rate can be developed using data from experiments in which ... |
|
| Ab Initio Atomistic Thermodynamics for Surfaces: A Primer |
FEB 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Jutta Rogal; Karsten Reuter; MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN E V BERLIN (GERMANY F R) FRITZ-HABER-INST
|
| Rational design and advancement in materials science will ultimately rely on an atomic-scale understanding of the targeted functionality. Corresponding modeling must then address the behavior of electrons and the resulting interactions that govern the elementary processes among the atoms and molecules. Modern electronic structure theory methods like density-functional theory (DFT) have matured, allowing a description that is often already accurate enough to allow for a modeling with predictive character. These ... |
|
| The Predicted Heat of Formation of Several Si-Cl-O-H and Ti-Cl-O-H Species |
25 JAN 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Desain; T. J. Curtiss; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA LAB OPERATIONS
|
| The heat of formation at 298K of several possible SiCl4/O2/H2 and TiCl4/O2/H2 species have been calculated by using Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) with 6-31G(3df,2p) basis set. The calculated heats of formation are compared to literature values where available and previous calculations that used bond order corrections to empirically improve the heat of formation calculated by Moeller-Plesset perturbation theory. The known species are found to be predicted with fair agreement to ... |
|
| A Model of Ablative Capillary Discharge (Preprint) |
04 JAN 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Leonid Pekker; Jean-Lue Cambier; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| An engineering model of a steady capillary plasma discharge is presented. Two regimes of operation are studied and compared, differing by the assumptions made in the treatment of the radiative fluxes. In the first case, the plasma density is high enough that the radiation Rosseland mean free path is smaller than the capillary radius; this case of black-body radiation leads to super-high pressures. In the second case, the radiation mean ... |
|
| Urban Influences on Convection and Lightning Over Houston |
2006 |
185 pages |
| Authors:
Michael L. Gauthier; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH
|
| The research presented in this dissertation addresses a fundamental question regarding urban, ultimately anthropogenic, influences on convection as it relates to lightning production and precipitation structure. In general, inadvertent weather modification hypotheses offered to explain lightning and rainfall anomalies rely on either or both perturbations in the spatial distribution and intensity of convection (from whence warm-season rainfall and lightning emanate), or modification to convective cloud microphysics through aerosol loading over ... |
|
| Current Status and Future Directions in the Use of High-Resolution Atmospheric Models for Support of T&E |
Dec-2005 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
James Bowers; Elford Astling; Thomas Warner; Scot Swerdlin; Terri Betancourt; ARMY DUGWAY PROVING GROUND UT
|
| Right from the beginning of the computer age, high performance computers have been dedicated to weather research and forecasting. ATEC and the National Center for Atmospheric Research have partnered on the development of one of the highest-resolution operational weather-prediction systems in the world, ATEC 4DWX. Weather models need to be closely coupled to special-applications models - transport and diffusion, parachute drift, sound propagation. The mobile version is used to support ... |
|
| Handbook of Physical Constants and Functions for Use in Atmospheric Boundary Layer Studies |
OCT 2005 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Edgar L. Andreas; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| Studies of the atmospheric boundary layer always require values for the dynamic and thermodynamic properties of the fluids present: namely, air, water vapor, and other trace gases. Studies of the marine boundary layer frequently require similar properties for the ocean, in addition. This handbook collects functions for calculating the values for these dynamic and thermodynamic variables. For example, it includes equations for air density, water vapor density, and seawater density. ... |
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| Bio-Inspired Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Electronic and Photonic Materials and Structures |
28 SEP 2005 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Alex K-Y Jen; Mehmet Sarikaya; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| The goal of this research is to develop nano and meso-structured hybrid systems for the application in light harvesting, charge transfer and photocurrent generation with a high impact on the mission of the US Air Force. Our project is multifaceted and includes both bioinspiration and physical sciences approaches, all at the molecular and nanoscale levels. Our particular approach is creating nanohybrids of functional molecules coupled with nanostructured inorganics. One of ... |
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| Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase Through Depletion of Its Cofactor Tetrahydrobiopterin as a Novel Strategy for Breast Cancer Anti-Angiogenic Therapy |
14 SEP 2005 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Ines Batinic-Haberle; DUKE UNIV MEDICAL CENTER DURHAM NC
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| We showed previously that low molecular weight water-soluble antioxidant, manganese (III) tetrakis (N- ethylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin (Mn(exp III)TE-2-PyP(exp 5+) is effective catalyst for the elimination of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in different rodent models of oxidative stress injuries. We further showed that this porphyrin can oxidize cellular reductants, among them redox cofactor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), tetrahydrobiopterin, BR(sub 4). It has been well- established that nitric oxide is essential ... |
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| Rotational and Spin-Orbit Distributions of NO Observed by MIPAS/ENVISAT During the Solar Storm of October/November 2003 |
25 AUG 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
J. L. Gardner; M. Lopez-Puertas; B. Funke; S. M. Miller; S. J. Lipson; R. D. Sharma; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
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| Aurorally enhanced 5.3 micrometer emission from nitric oxide was observed by the MIPAS instrument on board the ENVISAT satellite during the solar storm of October/November 2003. Spectral modeling of the NO(Delta nu = 1) fundamental band emissions was performed in order to determine the NO rotational and spin-orbit distributions. In the thermosphere, NO(nu = 1) is produced by collisional excitation of NO(nu = 0) by 0 atoms and also by ... |
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THERMODYNAMICS
