| Bacillus cereus G9241 Makes Anthrax Toxin and Capsule like Highly Virulent B. anthracis Ames but Behaves like Attenuated Toxigenic Nonencapsulated B. anthracis Sterne in Rabbits and Mice |
Aug 2011 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa K Wilson; James M Vergis; Farhang Alem; John R Palmer; Andrea M Keane-Myers; Trupti N Brahmbhatt; Christy L Ventura; Alison D O'Brien; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
 | Bacillus cereus G9241 was isolated from a welder with a pulmonary anthrax-like illness. The organism contains two megaplasmids, pBCXOl and pBC218. These plasmids are analogous to the Baci/11.1s anthracis Ames plasmids pXOl and pX02 that encode anthrax toxins and capsule, respectively. Here we evaluated the virulence of B. cereus G9241 as well as the contributions of pBCXOl and pBC218 to virulence. B. cereus G9241 was avirulent in New Zealand rabbits ... |
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| The Role of Megakaryocytes in Breast Cancer Metastasis to Bone |
May 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Andrea M Mastro; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| The hypothesis is that megakaryocytes (MKs) contribute to the growth of metastatic breast cancer in the bone either by preparing a niche and/or by responding to the cytokines of the marrow resulting from the interaction of the cancer cells with cells of the marrow. We found that MK increased in mouse femurs bearing MDA-MB-231 human cancer. We are comparing MKs in femurs in mice with subcutaneous (non-metastasizing)vs bone metastasizing (intracardiac ... |
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| Activation and Protection of Dendritic Cells in the Prostate Cancer Environment. Addendum |
JAN 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Georgi Guruli; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Final Report for research performed at the UMDNJ and VCU. Experiments have demonstrated for the first time the presence of endothelin receptors on murine dendritic cells (DC), and the fact of endothelin-1 production by murine DC upon stimulation with TNF dot and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The modification of the endothelin axis on DC changed its resistance against prostate cancer induced apoptosis - the blockade of ETA receptors resulted in the increased ... |
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| Activation and Protection of Dendritic Cells in the Prostate Cancer Environment |
OCT 2010 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Georgi Guruli; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Final Report for research performed at the UMDNJ and VCU. Experiments have demonstrated for the first time the presence of endothelin receptors on murine dendritic cells (DC), and the fact of endothelin-1 production by murine DC upon stimulation with TNFalpha and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The modification of the endothelin axis on DC changed its resistance against prostate cancer induced apoptosis - the blockade of ETA receptors resulted in the increased apoptotic ... |
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| Fluoroscopically Guided Interventional Procedures: A Review of Radiation Effects on Patients' Skin and Hair |
Feb 2010 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Balter; John W Hopewell; Donald L Miller; Louis K Wagner; Michael J Zelefsky; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Most advice currently available with regard to fl uoroscopic skin reactions is based on a table published in 1994. Many caveats in that report were not included in later reproductions, and subsequent research has yielded additional insights. This review is a consensus report of current scientifi c data. Expected skin reactions for an average patient are presented in tabular form as a function of peak skin dose and time after ... |
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| The Importance of Different Frequency Bands in Predicting Subcutaneous Glucose Concentration in Type 1 Diabetic Patients |
Feb 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Yinghui Lu; Andrei V Gribok; W K Ward; Jaques Reifman; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
|
| We investigated the relative importance and predictive power of different frequency bands of subcutaneous glucose signals for the short-term (0-50 min) forecasting of glucose concentrations in type 1 diabetic patients with datadriven autoregressive (AR) models. The study data consisted of minute-by-minute glucose signals collected from nine deidentified patients over a five-day period using continuous glucose monitoring devices. AR models were developed using single and pairwise combinations of frequency bands of ... |
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| Adoptive Immunotherapy Combined with Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation as a Therapeutic Treatment of Prostate Cancer |
Jul-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Beatrice Knudsen; Scott S Graves; Rainer Storb; Bradley Stone; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER SEATTLE WA
|
| We determined that a prostate cell lysate prepared from canine prostate tissue was immunogenic when injected in female dogs. In addition to the known prostate antigen, canine prostate specific esterase (CPSE), we identified by molecular weight several other proteins against which the dog made IgG antibodies. Using a mixed lymphocyte reaction, we found that a cellular response was generated against the prostate cell lysate after the female dog was injected ... |
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| Alternate Splicing of CD44 Messenger RNA in Prostate Cancer Growth |
Apr-2009 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth A Iczkowski; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| Aim 1: Loss of CD44 standard and increased splice variant form CD44v7-10 facilitate prostate cancer (PC) invasion. First Sub-Aim: A manuscript was published (attached) on the role of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways and paracrine calcitonin, both of which dysregulate CD44. Second Sub-Aim: Metabolic labeling studies of CD44 total and CD44v7-10 protein were pursued over about a 6- month period, but the findings were not publishable. Aim 2: The use ... |
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| Development of Antigen Presenting Cells for Adoptive Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer |
Dec-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Mathias Oelke; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| While adoptive immunotherapy holds promise as a treatment for cancer and infectious diseases, development has been impeded by the lack of reproducible methods for generating therapeutic numbers of antigen-specific CD8+ CTL. As a result, there are only limited reports of expansion of antigen-specific CTL to levels required for clinical therapy. Therefore, our groups has previously developed artificial Antigen-Presenting Cells (aAPC), made by coupling soluble HLA-Ig and anti-CD28 to beads. These ... |
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| Biotic - Abiotic Interface Between they Body and the Artificial Limb |
29-Sep-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth H Church; SCIPERIO INC ORLANDO FL
|
| Intraosseous transcutaneous amputation prostheses (ITAPs) may be able to overcome the problems that stem from the nonuniform distribution of pressure seen in the conventional stump-socket prosthetic replacement devices. While transcutaneous devices have had limited success in amputees. By optimizing the attachment of the skin to the prosthetic, ITAPs may become clinically viable options. Our team has developed a modified titanium construct with a specially machined surface to increase the adherence ... |
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| Mesenchymal Stem Cell as Targeted-Delivery Vehicle in Breast Cancer |
01-Jun-2008 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoyuan Chen; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed to be cellular vehicles for the targeted delivery and local production of biological agents in tumors. In this proposal we will stably transfect mesenchymal stem cells with a lentiviral vector containing a therapeutic gene and dual reporter gene mrfp-ttk. Specific Aims: 1) We will monitor breast cancer tropism of mesenchymal stem cells by multimodality imaging techniques; 2) We will demonstrate the ability of ... |
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| Treatment of Prostate Cancer by Targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors (VEGFRs) and Micrometastases with Bismuth-213 Labeled Vectors |
NOV 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Syed M. Abbas Rizvi; NEW SOUTH WALES UNIV KENSINGTON (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The main purpose of the proposed study was to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of multiple targeting vectors for the treatment of prostate cancer in mouse models. After successfully achieving the in vitro outcomes, the in vivo studies have also proven to be a great success. The efficacy of the proposed combination therapy has proven to be far better than the mono-therapy and the results are significantly different. Various combination ... |
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| Nitric Oxide Generating Polymeric Coatings for Subcutaneous Glucose Sensors |
OCT 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Mark E. Meyerhoff; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| Heretofore efforts to develop implantable sensors for real-time clinical monitoring of glucose subcutaneously (SQ) in diabetic patients have been hindered by the unreliable analytical results owing largely to biocompatibility problems induced by sensor implantation (e.g. inflammatory/foreign body response). The goal of this research program is to explore and optimize the chemistries required to fabricate implantable amperometric glucose sensors with outer polymeric coatings that slowly generate low levels of nitric oxide ... |
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| Homeostatic T Cell Expansion to Induce Anti-Tumor Autoimmunity in Breast Cancer |
01 APR 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Roberto Baccala; SCRIPPS RESEARCH INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| We have previously shown that effective anti-tumor autoimmunity can be induced if a tumor-cell challenge is given to mice undergoing homeostatic T-cell proliferation, a process dependent on signaling by self-peptide/MHC and trophic cytokines. We investigated whether this principle can be applied to mouse models of advanced breast carcinoma, and whether the anti-tumor response can be enhanced using selected T-cell subpopulations, cytokines and tumorvaccines. The results indicated that (a) homeostatic T-cell ... |
|
| Investigating the Role of FIP200 in Mammary Carcinogenesis Using a Transgenic Mouse Model |
APR 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Tamas Nagy; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY
|
| In this report we give a preliminary account on the consequences of mammary-specific Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) deletion in mammary-specific polyoma middle-T transgenic mice. We monitored mammary carcinogenesis in positive control (FAKFlox/Flox; MMTV-PyVT) and target (FAKFlox/Flox; MMTV-Cre; MMTV-PyVT) females. We found that mammary-specific FAK deletion lengthens the tumor-free interval by 33.2 days. We also found that cumulative subcutaneous mammary tumor burden and tumor growth rate were larger in positive control ... |
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| Purification and Protective Efficacy of Monomeric and Modified Yersina pestis Capsular F1-V Antigen Fusion Proteins for Vaccination Against Plague |
31 DEC 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy L. Goodin; David F. Nellis; Bradford S. Powell; Vinay V. Vyas; Jeffrey T. Enama; Lena C. Wang; Patrick K. Clark; Steven L. Giardina; Jeffrey J. Adamovicz; Dennis F. Michiel; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The F1-V vaccine antigen, protective against Yersinia pestis, exhibits a strong tendency to multimerize that affects larger-scale manufacture and characterization. In this work, the sole F1-V cysteine was replaced with serine by site-directed mutagenesis to enable characterization of F1-V non-covalent multimer interactions and protective potency without participation by covalent disulfide-linkages. F1-V and F1-VC424S proteins were over-expressed in Escherichia coli, recovered using mechanical lysis/pH-modulation and purified from urea-solubilized soft inclusion bodies, ... |
|
| ATM Mutations and the Development of Severe Radiation-Induced Morbidity Following Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer |
JUL 2006 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Barry S. Rosenstein; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| The hypothesis being tested in this project is that a greater proportion of patients who develop radiation-induced subcutaneous late tissue morbidity possess a variant allele in the ATM gene compared with patients who do not suffer these complications. An additional objective is to determine the functional impact upon the protein encoded by the ATM gene for each genetic alteration identified and subsequent cellular radiosensitivity. The specific aims of this project ... |
|
| Millimeter Wave Induced BioEffects |
JUL 2006 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Blystone; TRINITY UNIV SAN ANTONIO TX DEPT OF BIOLOGY
|
| A baseline study determined the conditions of hemodynamic collapse in rats anesthetized with either ketamine plus xylazine or isoflurane alone and exposed to environmental heat at 42 or 43 degrees C, 35 GHz at 75 or 90 mW/sq cm, or 94 GHz at 75 or 90 mW/sq cm. Focusing on continuous 94 GHz exposures at power densities of 50, 75, or 100 mW/sq cm, at 23 or 33 degrees C ... |
|
| Prevention of the Angiogenic Switch in Human Breast Cancer |
MAR 2006 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Judah Folkman; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| The overall goal of this project is to determine if human breast cancer can be prevented from becoming angiogenic when it is still at a microscopic size (i.e., < 1 cubic millimeter). During the past year, from February 2005 to February 2006, the authors cloned three different human breast cancers that undergo the angiogenic switch at predictable times. They found that the angiogenic switch time is modified by host stroma; ... |
|
| Marine Corps Body Composition Program: The Flawed Measurement System |
07-Feb-2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J D Anzevino; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| The Marine Corps' Body Composition Program (BCP) is designed to shift focus from height/weight tables to body fat measurements to eliminate weight control program inconsistencies due to local interpretation and implementation, while providing a more appropriate focus on health and fitness and reducing the time and manpower associated with the administration of the program. The program not only eliminates an unrealistic no tolerance height and weight standard, it allows Marines ... |
|
| A Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PB/PK) Model for Multiple Exposure Routes of Soman in Multiple Species |
2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Richard E. Sweeney; Jan P. Langenberg; Donald M. Maxwell; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PB/PK) model has been developed in advanced computer simulation language (ACSL) to describe blood and tissue concentration-time profiles of the C(plus or minus)P(minus)stereoisomers of soman after inhalation, subcutaneous and intravenous exposures at low (0.8-1.0 x LD50), medium (-3 x LD50) and high (6 x LD50) levels of soman challenge in three species (rat, guinea pig, marmoset). Allometric formulae were used to compute the compartment volumes, blood ... |
|
| Effect of Depleting Tumor-Associated Macrophages on Breast Cancer Growth and Response to Chemotherapy |
OCT 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Min-Fu Tsan; Baochong Gao; INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH INC WASHINGTON DC
|
| Tumor-associated macrophages may comprise up to 50% of the tumor mass in breast cancer and are capable of producing estrogen and angiogenic cytokines that regulate the growth and angiogenesis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intratumoral injecUon of liposome-encapsulated dichlornmethyene diphosphonate (clodronate). a potent macrophage-depleting agent. can deplete tumor-associated macrophages in a murine breast cancer model. and whether depletion of tumor-associated macrophages has any ... |
|
| ATM Mutations and the Development of Severe Radiation-Induced Morbidity Following Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer |
JUL 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Barry S. Rosenstein; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| The hypothesis being tested in this project is that a greater proportion of patients who develop radiation-induced subcutaneous late tissue morbidity possess a variant allele in the ATM gene compared with patients who do not suffer these complications. An additional objective is to determine the functional impact upon the protein encoded by the ATM gene for each genetic alteration identified and subsequent cellular radiosensitivity. The specific aims of this project ... |
|
| Treatment of Breast Cancer With Antibodies Against DR4 and DR5 Receptors in Combination With Chemotherapy |
JUN 2005 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Donald J. Buchsbaum; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| The overall goal of this proposal is to determine the therapeutic potential of apoptosis-inducing anti-human DR5 and DR4 antibodies, alone or together, in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs with activity against breast cancer, for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Aim I was to determine the expression profile in human breast cancer cell lines of DR5 and DR4 before and after treatment with anti-DR5 and -DR4 MAb alone, together, and in ... |
|
| Regulated Apoptosis and Immunogene Therapy for Prostate Cancer |
APR 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
David M. Spencer; Kevin M. Slawin; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| The central tenet of this proposal is that methods to effectively trigger apoptosis within prostate tumors can both reduce tumor burden and elicit adaptive immunity, provided a pro-inflammatory environment can be created. Scope: Previously created inducible caspases (iCaspases) have been used as the basis of both a prophylactic vaccine and as treatment of pre-existing subcutaneous (sc) and autochthonous TRAMP-derived prostate tumors. While these studies are centered on prostate cancer, they ... |
|
| Homeostatic T Cell Expansion to Induce Anti-Tumor Antoimmunity in Breast Cancer |
APR 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Robert G. Baccale; SCRIPPS RESEARCH INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| We have previously shown using a mouse model of melanoma that homeostatic T-cell proliferation, a process occurring in response to lymphopenia and dependent on signaling by self-peptide/MHC and trophic cytokines, may promote effective anti-tumor autoimmunity if induced in conjunction with a tumor-cell challenge. We are currently investigating whether this principle can be applied to mouse models of advanced breast carcinoma, and whether the anti-tumor response can be enhanced using selected ... |
|
| Prevention of Gamma Radiation-Induced Mortality in Mice by the Isoflavone Genistein |
2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
M. R. Landauer; V. Srinivasan; M. B. Grace; C. M. Chang; V. Parekh; T. K. Clarke; W. E. Jackson III; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INSTBETHESDA MD
|
| There is a need to develop medical countermeasures to protect first-responders and remediation workers from the biomedical effects of ionizing radiation. Agents that can protect against ionizing radiation and that can be administered before radiation would permit rescue workers to perform needed operations. The ideal radioprotector would be nontoxic and would not degrade performance. Soy phytoestrogens have strong antioxidant activity and have been reported to have many beneficial health effects, ... |
|
| Effect of Depleting Tumor-Associated Macrophages on Breast Cancer Growth and Response to Chemotherapy |
OCT 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Min-Fu Tsan; GEORGETOWN CLINICAL RESEARCH INST WASHINGTON DC
|
| Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) may comprise up to 50% of the tumor mass in breast cancer and are capable of producing estrogen and angiogenic cytokines that regulate the growth and angiogenesis of breast cancer. The goal of this project is to determine whether depletion of TAM, achieved by intra- tumoral injection of lposome-encapsulated dichioromethylene diphosphonate (clodronate), can slow tumor growth and improve the outcome of breast cancer treatment. Preliminary studies so ... |
|
| Delta-Selective Glycopeptides Related to Enkephalin Produce Profound Analgesia with Reduced Side Effects in Mice |
01 SEP 2004 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Robin Polt; Edward J. Bilsky; Richard D. Egleton; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The use of endogenous neuropeptides such as enkephalins and endorphins as drugs has remained an elusive goal since the 1970's. The principle reason for this is that peptides generally do not cross the blood-brain barrier, and are quickly degraded in the blood stream prior to delivery to opiate receptors in the brain. Animal research with glycosylated enkephalins and endorphins (dynorphins) indicates that potent analgesia is possible after intravenous or sub-cutaneous ... |
|
| Vectors for Treatment of Metastatic Breast Cancer |
AUG 2004 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Albert B. Deisseroth; SIDNEY KIMMEL CANCER CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The objective is to design, build and study vectors which would be able to break tolerance to breast cancer associated TAA and be used to suppress the recurrence of metastatic breast cancer following surgical resection. The hypothesis is that by fusing the CD40 ligand stripped of its transmembrane domain and intracytoplasmic domains, to a breast cancer TAA such as the extracellular domain of the her-2-neu receptor, or the extracellular tandem ... |
|
| ATM Mutations and the Development of Severe Radiation-Induced Morbidity Following Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer |
JUL 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Barry S. Rosenstein; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| The hypothesis being tested in this project is that a greater proportion of patients who develop radiation-induced subcutaneous late tissue morbidity possess a variant allele in the ATM gene compared with patients who do not suffer these complications. An additional objective is to determine the functional impact upon the protein encoded by the ATM gene for each genetic alteration identified and subsequent cellular radiosensitivity. The specific aims of this project ... |
|
| Behavior and Characterization of Prostatic Stem Cells |
OCT 2003 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Elaine L. Wilson; NEW YORK UNIV NY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The first aim identifies prostatic stem cells b a novel in vivo approach using our normal prostatic basal and luminal cell lines. The second aim studies the characteristics of prostatic tumors arising after transformation of these cells. We established a novel intraprostatic transplantation assay in which GFP-tagged basal cells engraft and differentiate into luminal cells. The basal cells also differentiate into luminal cells when inoculated under the renal capsule (RC). ... |
|
| Studies of Role of Cathepsin K and Inhibitory Effects of Bisphosphonates in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis |
AUG 2003 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Eva Corey; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE
|
| Prostate cancer (Cap) is often associated with bone metastases, which cause much of the morbidity associated with Cap. CaP bone metastases exhibit increases in both bone formation and resorption. Zn studies under this award, we have investigated the expression and activity of Cathepsin K (Cat K), an enzyme involved in bone lysis in CaP in vitro and in vivo. The Cat K message and protein were detected in CaP cell ... |
|
| ATM Mutations and the Development of Severe Radiation-Induced Morbidity Following Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer |
JUL 2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Barry S. Rosenstein; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| The hypothesis being tested in this project is that a greater proportion of patients who develop radiation-induced RTOG/EORTC grade 3/4 subcutaneous late tissue morbidity possess a mutated ATM gene compared with patients who do not suffer these complications. An additional objective is to determine the functional impact upon the protein encoded both in the ATM gene for each mutation identified and subsequent cellular radiosensitivity, The specific aims of this project ... |
|
| Enhancement of Prostate Cancer Radiotheraphy by Immunogenetherapy |
FEB 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Li Chuan-Yuan; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The long-term goal of the proposed study is to develop a genetic immunotherapy strategy that can compliment and enhance current prostate cancer radiotherapy. The specific strategy that will be adopted in this proposal is to test the capacity of an adenovirus encoding immunostimulatory genes IL-12 and B7 to enhance the therapeutic effects of ionizing radiation in an experimental murine prostate tumor model TrampC. A substantial progress has been made towards ... |
|
| Semiautomatic Three-dimensional Reconstruction and Quantitative Analysis of Pulmonary CT Scans: Current Methodology at the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (CD-ROM) |
21 OCT 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Andriy I. Batchinsky; Leopoldo Cancio; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
 | ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 44 files; MS Word (.DOC), Audio Video Interleave (.AVI), JPEG image, and TSCC application. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc (CD-ROM); 4 3/4 in.; 70.4 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: IBM-clone PC-compatible. ABSTRACT: Assessment of density patterns is critical for quantification of the morphology in healthy and diseased lungs. We propose a fast and accurate method for semiautomatic lung density distribution assessment. The algorithm is based on ... |
|
| Behavior and Characterization of Prostatic Stem Cells |
OCT 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Elaine L. Wilson; Sarah Salm; Sandra Coetzee; NEW YORK UNIV NY UNIV COLL OF ARTS ANDSCIENCE
|
| The first aim is to identify prostatic stem cells using an intraprostatic transplantation approach using GFP-tagged prostatic basal and luminal cell lines that we established. We found that both basal and luminal cells engraft and that engrafted basal cells give rise to luminal cells. The second aim studies the characteristics of prostatic tumors that arise after ras transformation of basal and luminal cells. We show that the transformed basal and ... |
|
| Induction of Human Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 on Breast Tumors with an Adenoviral Vector for Their Treatment and Detection with a Radiolabeled Peptide |
JUN 2002 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Buck E. Rogers; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| Targeted radiation therapy for breast cancer is a rational approach, however; there are problems associated with low receptor expression on tumors and bone marrow toxicity due to the long serum half-life of antibodies used to target the radiation. An adenoviral vector encoding the human somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (AdSSTr2) has been produced. The MDA- MB-468 and BT-474 human breast cancer cells were infected with AdSSTr2 and harvested 48 h later ... |
|
| Muscular Biometry With Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
G. Zoabli; P. A. Mathieu; A. Malanda; UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA DE NAVARRA PAMPLONA(SPAIN) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS
|
| Electromyographic (EMG) signal obtained from surface electrodes is frequently used to evaluate muscular activity. Analysis of this signal can be facilitated if anatomy of the implicated muscles is known as well as thickness of subcutaneous fat layer and of the skin under the electrodes. Such information can be obtained with a manual segmentation procedure applied on magnetic resonance images (MRI) obtained in three orthogonal planes. |
|
| A Multi-Layer Finite Element Model of the Surface EMG Signal |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
M. Lowery; N. Stoykov; A. Taflove; T. Kuiken; REHABILITATION INST OF CHICAGO IL
|
| The influence of skin, adipose tissue and bone on the rate of decay of the surface EMG signal around the limb was explored using a new finite element model. Replacing the outer layer of a homogeneous muscle model with a layer of highly resistive tissue, such as skin or fat, results in an increase in the surface potential. This also causes an increase in the rate of decay of EMG ... |
|
| Enhancing Malaria Vaccine Development by the Naval Medical Research Center |
26 SEP 2001 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
David D. Hile; Debra J. Trantolo; CAMBRIDGE SCIENTIFIC INC CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| A priority of DoD is to develop effective vaccines for preventing malaria. Developing malaria vaccines is complicated by the complexity of the parasite and of the human host's response to the infection. Developing sustainably effective vaccines requires a vaccine delivery system that can accommodate a complex variety of biologicals targeted for immune stimulation. In this project, DNA plasmid-based vaccines were encapsulated within biodegradable polymer microparticles using proprietary techniques. The delivery ... |
|
| Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-B) in Prostate Cancer Progression |
SEP 2001 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lee Chung; NORTHWESTERN UNIV CHICAGO IL
|
| We have demonstrated that a non-immunogenic Dunning's rat prostate cancer cell line, MATLyLu, had become immunogenic by reducing the endogenous production of TGF-beta1. MATLyLu cells are immunogenic, when the endogenous production of TGF-beta1 is down regulated. The objective of the project was to evaluate the role of TGF-beta in prostate cancer progression. There are three specific aims. Specific aim 1 was to study the effect of TGF-beta expression on the ... |
|
| Antitumor Activity Correlates with the Generation of Breast Tumor Specific Type 1 T Cells |
AUG 2001 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard A. Fox; PROVIDENCE PORTLAND MEDICAL CENTER OR
|
| When vaccination fails to protect the host from a subsequent challenge with a tumor, that tumor is generally characterized as nonimmunogenic. This designation suggests that the host has not recognized, or is tolerant of the tumor antigens. Our recent studies suggest that this is not true. We have demonstrated that progressively growing subcutaneous tumors sensitize tumor-specific T cells; however, the antigen-reactive T cells are polarized to secrete type 2 (T2) ... |
|
| Growth Suppression and Therapy Sensitization of Breast Cancer |
JUL 2001 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Ruth A. Gjerset; SIDNEY KIMMEL CANCER CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The goal of this project is to provide a rationale and pre-clinical evaluation of p53-based approaches to growth suppression and therapy sensitization of breast cancer, including combination approaches in which p53 gene therapy is combined with traditional chemotherapy or with inhibitors of DNA repair. We have observed that restoration of p53 activity in tumor cells sensitizes them to a variety of DNA damaging treatments, including doxorubicin, a standard breast cancer ... |
|
| Potential Risk of Growth Promoter in Beef for Breast Cancer Growth |
JUL 2001 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Young C. Lin; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
|
| The use of anabolic agents has become an important practice in the meat-producing industry, as such agents increase weight gain by enhancing protein deposition and improving feed conversion, as well as increasing the muscle-to-fat ratio. As a result, feed costs are reduced and the quality of meat is improved. These anabolic agents have biological activities in common with natural estrogenic, androgenic and progestogenic steroid hormones, which have potential effects on ... |
|
| Antitumor Activity Correlates With the Generation of Breast Tumor Specific Type 1 T Cells |
AUG 2000 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard Fox; PROVIDENCE PORTLAND MEDICAL CENTER OR
|
| When vaccination fails to protect the host from a subsequent challenge with a tumor, that tumor is generally characterized as nonimmunogenic. This designation suggests that the host has not recognized, or is tolerant of the tumor antigens. Our recent studies suggest that this is not true. We have demonstrated that progressively growing subcutaneous tumors sensitize tumor-specific T cells; however, the antigen-reactive T cells are polarized to secrete type 2 (T2) ... |
|
| Telemetric Evaluation of Body Temperature and Physical Activity as Predictors of Mortality in a Murine Model of Staphylococcal Enterotoxic Shock |
19 JUL 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kim D. Vlach; James W. Boles; Bradley G. Stiles; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Background and Purpose: Hypothermia and death are used as experimental markers in murine models of staphylococcal enterotoxins shock. This study determined whether body temperature and physical activity, monitored telemetrically, could predict impending death and provide an earlier, more humane experimental endpoint. Methods: The study consisted of two iterations (experiments 1 and 2) to determine reproducibility of the model. Each experiment consisted of 24 BALBIc mice surgically ... |
|
| Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF-B) in Prostate Cancer Progression |
MAR 2000 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Lee Chung; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| The objective of the project was to evaluate the role of TGF-Beta in prostate cancer progression. During the past finding period, we have made significant progress. We investigated if a non-immunogenic Dunning's rat prostate cancer cell line, MATLyLu, can become immunogenic by reducing the endogenous production of TGF-Beta1. An expression construct containing a DNA sequence in an antisense orientation to TGF-Beta1 (TGF-Beta1 antisense) was stably transfected into MATLyLu cells. Following ... |
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| A Medical Research and Evaluation Facility (MREF) and Studies Supportingthe Medical Chemical Defense Program |
DEC 1999 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Carl T. Olson; Michele M. Danne; James A. Blank; James E. Estep; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH
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| Vesicants, such as sulfur mustard (HD), have several routes of exposure, including dermal, ocular, and pulmonary. The most hazardous effects of HD are manifested in the respiratory tract following inhalation of HD vapor. Acute lung edema will result when the pulmonary system is exposed to sufficiently high levels of HD (Eisenmenger et al., 1991). One research objective of the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical ... |
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| Low-Level Sarin Neurotoxicity and its Modulation by Pyridostigmine |
OCT 1998 |
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| Authors:
Barry W. Wilson; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
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| There is concern that exposure to both organophosphates (OPs; such as the chemical nerve agent sarin) and carbamates (such as the nerve agent antidote pyridostigmine bromide; PB) may have caused low-grade neurological syndromes in Persian Gulf War veterans. Facilities at the Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Health (I.T.E.H.), located at the University of California at Davis, and at the Center for Research on Occupational and Environmental ... |
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