| Process Dependence of H Passivation and Doping in H-implanted ZnO |
04 Jan 2013 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Z Zhang; D C Look; R Schifano; K M Johansen; B G Svensson; L J Brillson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SENSORS DIR
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 | We used depth-resolved cathodoluminescence spectroscopy (DRCLS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and temperature-dependent Hall-effect (TDHE) measurements to describe the strong dependence of H passivation and doping in H-implanted ZnO on thermal treatment. Increasing H implantation dose increases passivation of Zn and oxygen vacancy-related defects, while reducing deep level emissions. Over annealing temperatures of 100-400 deg C at different times, 1 h annealing at 200 deg C yielded the lowest DRCLS deep level ... |
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| Aperiodic Photonic-Plasmonic Structures with Broadband Field Enhancement |
15 Oct 2012 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Gary Walsh; Luca Dal Negro; BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| This report documents project work performed by Boston University (BU) under a contract awarded by the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center (NSRDEC) to Battelle Memorial Institute. The project was aimed at combining plasmonic field enhancement effects in rigorously designed metal-dielectric arrays of nanoparticles with periodic and aperiodic geometries for the demonstration of field-enhanced isomerization with minimum background absorption. BU developed metal-dielectric nanostructures on transparent substrates (quartz, silicon nitride) ... |
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| Nanoscale Investigation of New Fe-Based Superconductors |
15 Oct 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Maw-Kuen Wu; ACADEMIA SINICA TAIPEI (TAIWAN)
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| The researchers have successfully synthesized high quality beta-FeSe-type iron chalcogenide nanowires (NWs) from annealing thin films prepared by pulse laser deposition method. Three kinds of NWs with nominal composition (FeSe0.9, FeSe0.3Te0.7 and FeTe0.8S0.2) have been prepared and carefully characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Most analyzed NWs reveal good tetragonal structure along the (100) crystal direction. The energy dispersive spectroscopy studies and high resolution TEM (HRTEM) image demonstrate good compositional ... |
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| Echo-Planar Imaging Based J-Resolved Spectroscopic Imaging for Improved Metabolite Detection in Prostate Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A Thomas; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
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| To implement an echo-planar imaging (EPI)-based 2D J-resolved spectroscopy on a 3T MRI/MRS scanner;2) To evaluate the multi-voxel 2D J-resolved echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EP-JRESI) in malignant PCa patients, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and healthy prostates. 3) To develop and further optimize the ProFit algorithm to postprocess the multi-dimensional MRS data from different prostate pathologies. Scope: A major outcome is expected to be on improved detection (specificity) in differentiating malignant ... |
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| Application of Symbolic Regression to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Data for Lubricating Oil Health Evaluation |
27 Sep 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Carl S Byington; Nicholos A Mackos; Garrett Argenna; Andrew Palladino; Johan Reimann; Joel Schmitigal; ARMY TANK AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
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| The authors have applied an advanced set of auto-regressive tools for identifying potentially complex, linear and non-linear relationships in data, wherein the underlying physical relationships are not well described. In this paper these tools and techniques are described in detail, and the results of the application of these tools to evaluation of diesel engine lubricating oil health (based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data) is detailed. It is demonstrated that highly ... |
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| Renormalization of the Graphene Dispersion Velocity Determined from Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy |
14 Sep 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jungseok Chae; Suyong Jung; Andrea F Young; Cory R Dean; Lei Wang; Yuanda Gao; Kenji Watanabe; Takashi Taniguchi; James Hone; Kenneth L Shepard; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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| In graphene, as in most metals, electron-electron interactions renormalize the properties of electrons but leave them behaving like noninteracting quasiparticles. Many measurements probe the renormalized properties of electrons right at the Fermi energy. Uniquely for graphene, the accessibility of the electrons at the surface offers the opportunity to use scanned probe techniques to examine the effect of interactions at energies away from the Fermi energy, over a broad range of ... |
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| Multi-wavelength Laser Photoacoustics |
Sep 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Kristan P Gurton; Melvin Felton; Richard Tober; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| An optical detection method designed to detect and identify the presence of macro-molecular gas species (e.g., organophosphate-based nerve agent simulants) at trace level concentrations is presented. The technique is based on a modified version of conventional laser photoacoustic spectroscopy (LPAS) in which optical absorption is typically measured using a single laser source. We demonstrate the ability to simultaneously measure multiple absorption related parameters that serve as a concentration independent identifier. ... |
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| A Comparison of Pulse-Oximetry, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), and Gas Sensors for In-Cockpit Hypoxia Detection |
29 Aug 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey B Phillips; Dain S Horning; Roy E Dory; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT DAYTON WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| In response to the increase in reported in-cockpit hypoxia-related physiological events and mishaps, investigators at the Naval Medical Research Unit-Dayton (NAMRU-D) recently completed an experiment designed to compare the speed of finger pulse oximetry, forehead-mounted NIRS sensors, and gas sensors to detect hypoxic events. Although each technology represents a marked improvement over current hypoxia detection methods, each also comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages in terms of ... |
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| Molecular Basis of Adhesion |
22 Aug 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
James E Patterson; BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PROVO UT DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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| The goal of this project was to identify links between the molecular structure of adhesive interfaces and the mechanical strength of adhesive bonds. The nonlinear spectroscopic tool of vibrationally resonant sum-frequency generation (VR-SFG) provides interfacial specificity and was the primary technique used for probing relevant interfaces, although some aspects of the technique needed refined. VR-SFG spectra contain a nonresonant contribution that can mask and distort the resonant features, which convey ... |
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| Background Suppression and Feature Based Spectroscopy Methods for Subpixel Material Identification |
03 Aug 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S Rand; John M Grossmann; Roger N Clark; Eric Livo; Thomas Parr; NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL-INTELLIGENCE AGENCY SPRINGFIELD VA
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| Feature-based imaging spectroscopy methods are effective for identifying materials that exhibit specific well-defined spectral absorption features. As long as a pixel contains a sufficient amount of material so that the absorption retains its predominant shape, a feature-based method can work well. However, there are occasions when a background material can mix with a material of interest, and significantly distort and maybe even remove the absorption. In such cases, the material ... |
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| Characterization of Ceramic Composite Materials Using Terahertz Non-Destructive Evaluation Techniques (Preprint) |
Aug 2012 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Adam Cooney; Lindsay Owens; Jason A Diebel; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| THz time-domain reflection imaging is utilized as non-destructive evaluation technique for ceramic composite materials in order to characterize changes in material properties due to mechanical and thermal strain effects. |
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| Photophysical Properties on Functional Pi-Electronic Molecular Systems |
Aug 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Dongho Kim; YONSEI UNIV SEOUL (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
|
| The researchers have investigated the photophysical properties of various porphyrinoids such as expanded porphyrins, hybrid porphyrin tapes, etc. using theoretical calculations and various spectroscopic methodologies in conjunction with the topology transformation between aromatic and antiaromatic porphyrinoids by conformational changes via kinetic and thermodynamic control, etc. Especially, they have been interested in their nonlinear optical properties of H?ckel/M?bius aromatic and antiaromatic expanded porphyrins based on the comparison of the two-photon absorption ... |
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| Efficient Cryosolid Positron Moderators |
Aug 2012 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Mario E Fajardo; C M Lindsay; Christopher D Molek; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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| This report documents an in-house experimental effort to improve upon the ε 1% efficiency of state-of-the-art cryogenic solid neon positron moderators. We detail our rationale for why we expected an order-of-magnitude higher positron moderation efficiency from Rapid Vapor Deposited cryogenic parahydrogen solids. We describe our integration of a Matrix Isolation Spectroscopy capability into our Positron Moderation apparatus, which enables spectroscopic characterization of the cryogenic moderators. Despite all our hopes ... |
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| Molecular Scale Theoretical Studies of Energy Deposition and Redistribution in Crystalline High Explosives to Stimulate Enhanced Detectable Signatures |
07 Jun 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas D Sewell; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| In this project we have developed two molecular dynamics-based methods for simulating the THz-region infrared (IR) spectrum of molecular crystals. Both methods were designed for use at finite temperature and stress. The first method, referred to as the mode-relaxation approach, requires (1) the normal mode {i.e., phonon) eigenvectors and frequencies of the crystal, (2) the associated squared transition dipoles mu2 for all THz-region phonons with zero wave vector (k = ... |
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| A New Type of Carbon Nanostructure Formed Within a Metal-Matrix |
Jun 2012 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lourdes Salamanca-Riba; Romaine Isaacs; Azzam N Mansour; Adam Hall; David R Forrest; Melburne C LeMieux; Jason Shugart; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| Recent advances in nanomanufacturing have made it possible for large amounts ( 6 wt.%) of carbon to be incorporated as nanoscale carbon during a reaction process in molten aluminum, copper, silver, and other metals. These materials developed by Third Millennium Metals, LLC are called covetics. The carbon is highly stable despite its form not being predicted in phase diagrams, and remains dispersed after remelting and resolidification. The carbon incorporates into ... |
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| Ferroelectric Domain Scaling and Switching in Ultrathin BiFeO3 Films Deposited on Vicinal Substrates |
25 May 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Vilas Shelke; Dipanjan Mazumdar; Stephen Jesse; Sergei Kalinin; Arthur Baddorf; Arunava Gupta; ALABAMA UNIV TUSCALOOSA CENTER FOR MATERIALS FOR INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY
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| We report on electrically switchable polarization and ferroelectric domain scaling over a thickness range of 5-100 nm in BiFeO3 films deposited on [110] vicinal substrates. The BiFeO3 films of variable thickness were deposited with SrRuO3 bottom layer using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The domains are engineered into preferentially oriented patterns due to substrate vicinality along the [110] direction. The domain width scales closely with the square root of film ... |
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| Microsphere Formation Using an Excimer Laser |
May 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan P Lu; Christopher K Huynh; Joshua M Kvavle; Ayax D Ramirez; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| The need for low-cost photonic devices has stimulated a significant amount of research in silicon photonics. Although silicon photonics is less well-developed as compared to III?V technologies, it has the potential to make a huge impact on the optical communications industry. Silicon is transparent in the standard ITU optical communication bands, which makes silicon the material of choice for passive and active optoelectronic devices. Recently, microspheres are gaining an important ... |
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| Producing Known Quantities Of RDX for LIBS Limit of Detection Study |
May 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jr De Lucia Frank C; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an optical elemental analysis technique that has shown promise for detecting trace amounts of explosive residue. The need to quantify the detection limits for explosives using LIBS is an important step for determining the effectiveness of the LIBS technique, and requires the ability to produce known amounts of explosives reproducibly. To that end, we have employed an inkjet printing system to produce samples with ... |
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| Noninvasive Spatially Offset and Transmission Raman Mapping of Breast Tissue: A Multimodal Approach toward the in Vivo Assessment of Tissue Pathology |
Apr 2012 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Schulmerich; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
|
| The purpose of this research project is to develop new approaches that can impact early diagnosis of breast cancer, post-biopsy analysis, lymph node examinations, and drug delivery studies. The scope of this training involves optimizing Raman instrumentation and methods for efficient illumination and collection of Raman scattered light originating from deep within breast tissue. Experiments encompass designing tissue phantoms using Intralipid, dyes/pigments, inclusions, and agarose gel to quantitatively characterize the ... |
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| A Multi-Survey Approach to White Dwarf Discovery |
Apr 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Conor Sayres; John P Subasavage; P Bergeron; P Dufour; James R Davenport; Yusra Alsayyad; Benjamin M Tofflemire; NAVAL OBSERVATORY FLAGSTAFF AZ
|
| By selecting astrometric and photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), the Lepine & Shara Proper Motion North Catalog (LSPM-North), the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), and the USNO-B1.0 catalog, we use a succession of methods to isolate white dwarf (WD) candidates for follow-up spectroscopy. Our methods include reduced proper motion diagram cuts, color cuts, and atmospheric model adherence. We present spectroscopy of 26WDs obtained from the ... |
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| Opening the Analytical Black Box: Insights into Interferences, Corrections, and Data Quality |
29 Mar 2012 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J Bednar; D M Sirkis; W E Harris; T J Kelly; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| GF-AAS is an old technique, but nevertheless useful and an important tool in the toolbox. Using standard ICP-AES emission wavelengths and known IEC is usually fine, but certain interferences require alternative correction methods, such as MSF. ICP-MS is has interferences that can t be corrected mathematically. Using standard isotopes and correction equations is generally fine, but at least monitor other isotopes and monitor with and without correction equations. Collision or ... |
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| Design and Characterization of a Three-Dimensional Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy System Using a Low-Energy Positron Beam |
22 Mar 2012 |
132 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen M Jimenez; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Previous forays by AFIT into positron research have resulted in the development of a new positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) technique and the procurement of a low-energy positron beam system. The primary purpose of this research was to design and build a state-of-the-art PAS laboratory at AFIT capable to address a myriad of DoD solid-state and surface physics questions. The main objectives were to acquire and assemble utilities to operate a ... |
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| Positron Lifetime Modulation by Electric Field Induced Positronium Formation on a Gold Surface |
22 Mar 2012 |
155 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel J Higgins; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The purpose of this project is to study the lifetime and annihilation mode of positrons, the antimatter counterpart to electrons, and the formation rate of positronium on a gold surface modified by gold nanoparticles under the influence of radial electric fields measured using two independent systems. The positron annihilation photon pair/triplet spectroscopy system uses a sodium iodide ring detector segmented into six detection regions providing rough position sensitivity to measure ... |
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| Agents Within our Midst |
14 Mar 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Goger; NEW YORK STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY CENTER INC NEW YORK NY
|
| The New York Structural Biology Center (NYSBC), a leading center in magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography, has worked with researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine (AECOM), and scientists at the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center (ECBC) in several projects whose objective is the analysis of the chemical and biological makeup of warfare agents. The projects include: the structural analysis of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB), considered to be a potential ... |
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| Spectroscopic Properties and Laser Performance of Resonantly-Pumped Cryo-Cooled Er3+:GdVO4 |
12 Mar 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
N Ter-Gabrielyan; V Fromzel; W Ryba-Romanowski; T Lukasiewicz; M Dubinskii; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| We report a highly efficient cryo-cooled eye-safe laser operation of a resonantly-pumped (in-band) Er3+:GdVO4 single crystal. The maximum continuous wave (CW) power of 10.3 W with 84% slope efficiency was achieved at 1598.7 with pumping at 1538.6 nm by a spectrally-narrowed Er-fiber laser. Under the 1529 nm resonant pumping by a commercially available diode bar stack operating in a quasi-CW (QCW) mode, the laser delivered 37 W of output power ... |
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| Structure and Spectroscopy of Buried Interfaces in Organic Thin Films and Colloids |
01 Mar 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Hai-Lung Dai; TEMPLE UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| A major accomplishment of this project has been that we have resolved nearly all the fundamental problems and demonstrated Second Harmonic Generation as an effective and versatile method for characterizing the solid-liquid interfaces of micron to nanometer size particles buried deep in colloids. We have shown for the first time that SHG from the surface of silver nanoparticles can be detected, and through monitoring the second harmonic light scattering we ... |
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| Epithelial and Stromal Spectral Imaging for Rapid Surgical Margin Analysis |
Mar 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Ashley Laughney; Venkataramanan Krishnaswamy; Keith Paulsen; Brian Pogue; DARTMOUTH COLL HANOVER NH
|
| A new, scanning beam spectroscopy platform was developed to dramatically improved image acquisition speed of localized light scattering. The new scanning in situ spectroscopy platform samples broadband reflectance from a 150 microns diameter spot over a 1 sq cm field using a dark field geometry and telecentric lens; the system was designed to balance sensitivity to stromal and epithelial distributions, while sufficiently imaging the inherent diversity within a diagnosis. The ... |
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| Investigation of Optical Fibers for Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) Spectroscopy in Reacting Flows (Postprint) |
Mar 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Paul S Hsu; Waruna D Kulatilaka; Sukesh Roy; Anil K Patnaik; James R Gord; Terrence R Meyer; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE/TURBINE ENGINE DIVISION
|
| The objective of this work is to investigate the feasibility of intense laser-beam propagation through optical fibers for temperature and species concentration measurements in gas-phase reacting flows using coherent anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) spectroscopy. In particular, damage thresholds of fibers, nonlinear effects during beam propagation, and beam quality at the output of the fibers studied for the propagation of nanosecond (ns) and picosecond (ps) laser beams. It is observed that ... |
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| From Ignition to Photoelectron Spectroscopy Conical Intersection Impact the Study of Energetic Materials |
29 Feb 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
David R Yarkony; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| During the course of this grant improved algorithms for simulating photoelectron spectra were developed and used to simulate the photoelectron spectra of the cyclopentadienyl (CH)5 substitutional isomers triazolyl (CH)2N3 and pyrrolyl (CH)4N. The programmatic significance of this task lies in the importance of the parent azoles, (CH)nN(5-n)H, and their deprotonated counterparts , the azolides, as fundamental units in ionic liquids, explosives and fuels. Significant progress was also made in a ... |
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| Detection of Biochemical Pathogens, Laser Stand-off Spectroscopy, Quantum Coherence, and Many Body Quantum Optics |
24 Feb 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Marlan O Scully; TEXAS ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION COLLEGE STATION
|
| Results of our earlier research in the realm of quantum optics were extended in order to solve the challenging technical problems of importance. Specifically, we conducted a broad theoretical and experimental study of new methods for generating coherence and explored the new forms of coherence which were found in order to develop technology in areas, where we have unique expertise, in order to solve current problems associated with national security ... |
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| Figure Testing and Calibration of the ISOON Fabry-Perot Etalons (Postprint) |
08 Feb 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Brian Robinson; K S Balasubramaniam; Jerry Justice; Frank Pitts; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB KIRTLAND AFB NM SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| We present the methods and results for the figure testing and spectral calibration of the narrow- and wide-band etalons for the Improved Solar Observing Optical Network's dual-etalon tunable imaging filters. The ISOON system comprises a distributed network of ground-based patrol telescopes that gather full-disk data for the monitoring of solar activity and for the development of more reliable space weather models. The etalon figure testing consists mainly of testing the ... |
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| Investigation of (In, Ga)N/GaN Quantum Structure for Nitride Lasers |
Feb 2012 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Elias Towe; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Report developed under contract FA8718-08-C-0035. This is the final report for a project to experimentally and theoretically investigate (In,Ga)N/GaN quantum structures for applications in light-emitting devices. The nitride films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Their structural properties were characterized by rocking curve x-rays, and their optical quality was assessed by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The main finding is that nitride films grown directly on sapphire substrates were inferior to those grown ... |
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| Early Breast Lesion Typing With Hyperpolarized Choline, Benign Or Malignant |
Feb 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Shawn Wagner; CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER LOS ANGELES CA
|
| This work is focused on developing a breast cancer biomarker utilizing magnetic resonance spectroscopy/imaging and hyperpolarization. I have initiated and completed most of the elements in the first part of the project which consist of developing the equipment and the biomarker agent. Task 2-4 required the completion of Task 1. The most significant achievement is the completion of the required equipment and initial testing. We have developed a fully functional ... |
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| Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Chromophores |
31 Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Eduardo Arias; Ivana Moggio; Ronald F Ziolo; CENTRO DE INVESTIGACION DE QUIMICA APLICADA SALTILLO (MEXICO)
|
| The synthesis of a family of symmetric 2,5-didodecanoxy phenyleneethynylene oligomer series bearing butadiynes as central group was carried out by a Sonogashira-Heck reaction by either the Pd(0)/CuI cross-coupling reaction between a bis(dodecanoxy)benzene halogenate terminated and a bis(dodecanoxy)benzene acetylene terminated oligomer or through self-coupling of bis(dodecanoxy)phenyle acetylene terminated oligomers. The electron-donator character of the dodecanoxy chains favors the acetylene-acetylene coupling in quantitative yields, while in the cross-coupling of acetylenes with iodo ... |
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| Production, Detection, and Control of Ultracold Molecules via Optical Frequency Combs |
29 Jan 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Jun Ye; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
|
| Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy combines broad bandwidth, high spectral resolution, and ultrahigh detection sensitivity in one experimental platform based on an optical frequency comb efficiently coupled to a high-finesse cavity. The effective interaction length between light and matter is increased by the cavity, massively enhancing the sensitivity for measurement of optical losses. Individual comb components act as independent detection channels across a broad spectral window, providing rapid parallel processing. ... |
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| Theoretical Studies of Group IVA and Group IVB Chemistry |
13 Jan 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S Gordon; IOWA STATE UNIV AMES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Great progress was made in both theory/code development and in a variety of applications that are important to the Air Force. The theory/code developments include advances in ab initio quantum chemistry and dynamics, in the development of the effective fragment potential method for the study of the complete range of intermolecular interactions, in spectroscopy in both the gas and condensed phases, and in the development of novel computational approaches. The ... |
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| Growth of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanowire Arrays Using Bilayered Metal Catalysts |
Jan 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Hua Qi; Evan R Glaser; Josh D Caldwell; S M Prokes; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC ELECTRONICS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIV
|
| Vertically aligned, high-density ZnO nanowires (NWs) were grown for the first time on c-plane sapphire using binary alloys of Ni/Au or Cu/Au as the catalyst. The growth was performed under argon gas flow and involved the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth process.We have investigated various ratios of catalyst components for the NWs growth and results indicate that very thin adhesion layers of Ni or Cu deposited prior to the Au layer are ... |
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| DNA Based Electrochromic and Photovoltaic Cells |
Jan 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Agnieszka J Pawlicka; SAO PAULO UNIV (BRAZIL) DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| DNA is an abundant natural product with very good biodegradation properties and can be used to obtain gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) with high ionic conductivity and good stability. This report presents results of developed GPE membranes based on DNA. The ionic conductivity results of the DNA-based membranes at room temperature were in the range of 10-3-10-5 S/cm and increased linearly as a function of temperature, obeying predominantly an Arrhenius relationship. ... |
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| Novel Nanocomposite Materials for Solar Cell Fabrication |
Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Sitaraman Krishnan; John McLaughlin; Dipankar Roy; CLARKSON UNIV POTSDAM NY
|
| This project involves the synthesis and characterization of novel ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes for high-performance dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Since most commonly used organic liquid electrolytes of DSSCs are volatile and flammable, they limit the long-term stability and high temperature operations of these cells. In our present work, we have addressed these issues through the development of non-volatile, non-flammable and polymerizable IL electrolytes. Our IL characterization efforts have focused ... |
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| Modular Electronics for Flash Memory Production |
28 Dec 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
J F Stoddart; Chad A Mirkin; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The continued reduction of the feature density of memory chips has increased interest in the utilization of molecules as the functional elements in electronic memory devices because of the advantages they offer in terms of size compared to conventional circuit elements. The development of molecular electronic devices for memory applications in computing, however, continues to be an important challenge to researchers in nanoscience and nanotechnology, both from a fundamental and ... |
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| Functionalized Fluoroalkyl Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (F-POSS) |
29 Nov 2011 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Sean M Ramirez; Yvonne Diaz; Timothy S Haddad; Joseph M Mabry; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE SPACE AND MISSILE PROPULSION DIV/PROPULSION MATERIALS APPLICATIONS BRANCH
|
| A variety of functionalized Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes (F-POSS) were synthesized and characterized. The chemical structures were confirmed using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, 19F, and 29Si), FT-IR, and combustion analysis. Dynamic contact angle measurements of these compounds were taken with water and hexadecane. Copolymers containing F-POSS were synthesized from monomer functionalized F-POSS. These novel structures can be used as initial building blocks for the development of low surface energy ... |
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| Corrosion in Fuel/Natural Seawater Environments |
18 Nov 2011 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Brenda J Little; Jason S Lee; Richard I Ray; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS DETACHMENT STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Experiments were designed to evaluate corrosion-related consequences of storing/transporting petroleum and alternative fuels in contact with natural seawater. Fuels included petroleum JP-5, camelina derived JP-5, petroleum F-76, algal derived F-76, and mixtures of the petroleum-based and alternative fuels. Corrosion rates were estimated from polarization resistance measurements and corrosion was measured by weight loss. Corrosion attack morphology and corrosion products were analyzed by three-dimensional profilometry, environmental scanning microscopy, and energy dispersive ... |
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| Observation of Query Pulse Length Dependent Ramsey Interference in Rubidium Vapor Using Pulsed Raman Excitation |
07 Nov 2011 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
G S Pati; F K Fatemi; M S Shahriar; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC OPTICAL SCIENCES DIV
|
| We report observation of query pulse length dependent Ramsey interference (QPLD-RI), using pulsed Raman excitation in rubidium vapor. This is observed when a long, attenuated query pulse is used during pulsed Raman excitation. We explain the physical mechanism behind the QPLDRI using a Bloch vector model. We also use numerical solutions to time-dependent density matrix equations to simulate this interference effect showing qualitative agreement with experimental results. Presence of such ... |
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| Characterization and Potential Application of Next Generation Commercial Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates |
Nov 2011 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Mikella E Hankus; Ellen L Holthoff; Dimitra N Stratis-Cullum; Paul M Pellegrino; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| The development of a sensing platform capable of detecting and identifying hazards, including biological, chemical, and energetic platforms, is a long sought-after goal of the Army and first responder communities. Surface-enhanced Raman scatting (SERS) is a spectroscopic technique gaining popularity as a solution to many sensing needs due to its numerous advantages such as high sensitivity, little to no sample preparation required, and use in numerous environmental settings. Despite all ... |
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| Terbium to Quantum Dot FRET Bioconjugates for Clinical Diagnostics: Influence of Human Plasma on Optical and Assembly Properties |
12 Oct 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Frank Morgner; Stefan Stufler; Daniel Geissler; Igor L Medintz; W R Algar; Kimihiro Susumu; Michael H Stewart; Juan B Blanco-Canosa; Philip E Dawson; Niko Hildebrandt; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Foerster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from luminescent terbium complexes (LTC) as donors to semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) as acceptors allows extraordinary large FRET efficiencies due to the long Foerster distances afforded. Moreover, time-gated detection permits an efficient suppression of autofluorescent background leading to sub-picomolar detection limits even within multiplexed detection formats. These characteristics make FRET-systems with LTC and QDs excellent candidates for clinical diagnostics. So far, such proofs of principle ... |
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| Non-Born-Oppenheimer Spectroscopy of Cyclic Triatomics |
11 Oct 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Dmitri A Babikov; MARQUETTE UNIV MILWAUKEE WI
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| This project involved theoretical and computational studies of quantum dynamics and spectroscopy in the presence of conical intersection, where the Born-Oppenheimer approximation fails due to a very significant geometric phase effect. The focus was on cyclic-N3. Spectroscopy of this radical was studied in great detail, which included construction of its potential energy surface and dipole moment function in the entire configuration space around the conical intersection, accurate calculations of its ... |
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| Rapid Development of New Protein Biosensors Utilizing Peptides Obtained via Phage Display |
Oct 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jun Wu; Jong P Park; Kevin Dooley; Donald M Cropek; Alan C West; Scott Banta; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| There is a consistent demand for new biosensors for the detection of protein targets, and a systematic method for the rapid development of new sensors is needed. Here we present a platform where short unstructured peptides that bind to a desired target are selected using M13 phage display. The selected peptides are then chemically synthesized and immobilized on gold, allowing for detection of the target using electrochemical techniques such as ... |
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| Sulfur-Doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanostars: Synthesis and Simulation of Growth Mechanism |
Oct 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jinhyun Cho; Qiubao Lin; Sungwoo Yang; Jr Simmons Jay G; Yingwen Cheng; Erica Lin; Jianqiu Yang; John V Foreman; Henry O Everitt; Weitao Yang; Jungsang Kim; Jie Liu; ARMY AVIATION AND MISSILE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENG CTR REDSTONE ARSENAL AL
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| We present a bottom-up synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and ab initio simulations of star-shaped hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires. The ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by a low-temperature hydrothermal growth method. The cross-section of the ZnO nanowires transformed from a hexagon to a hexagram when sulfur dopants from thiourea [SC(NH2)2] were added into the growth solution, but no transformation occurred when urea (OC(NH2)2) was added. Comparison of the X-ray photoemission and photoluminescence ... |
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| Near Infra-Red Spectroscopy to Reduce the Phrophylactic Fasciotomies for and Missed Cases of Acute Compartment Syndrome in Solders Injured in OEF/OIF |
Oct 2011 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Brett Freedman; GENEVA FOUNDATION TACOMA WA
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| The NIRS research project is a three-part project originally planned to be completed over three years to validate the accuracy and reliability of a specific NIRS sensor (Equanox, Nonin, Inc, Plymouth, MN) in diagnosing acute compartment syndrome in injured combat soldiers. Part 1 is a series of two observational studies, the first of which was completed in Period 1. Patient will receive continuous NIRS and vital sign monitoring throughout their ... |
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| Incompletely-Condensed Fluoroalkyl Silsesquioxanes and Derivatives: Precursors for Low Surface Energy Materials (Preprint) |
13 Sep 2011 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Sean M Ramirez; Raymond Campos; Timothy S Haddard; Yvonne J Diaz; Rebecca L Stone; Joseph M Mabry; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| A novel synthetic method was developed for the controlled functionalization of Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric SilSesquioxanes (F-POSS), which are useful as low surface energy materials for superhydrophobic and oleophobic materials. Utilizing triflic acid, open-cage compounds were created and then reacted with a variety of dichlorosilanes to produce functional F-POSS structures possessing alkyl, aryl, and acrylate based moieties. The crystal structure for an endo,endo disilanol F-POSS compound was determined by single crystal ... |
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