| Analysis of the Computer, Meteorological Data - Profiler's (CMD-P) Capability to Assimilate Regional Radiosonde Data |
Sep 2012 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
P Haines; J Cogan; T Jameson; J Swanson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
|
 | The Product Manager (PM) for Meteorological and Target Identification Capabilities (MaTIC) developed a laptop-based version of the Meteorological Measuring Set-Profiler (MMS-P) that should replicate the capabilities of the latest currently fielded version, the MMS-P Block I ? Version 2 (B1v2). The laptop is a standard dual-processor VT Miltope CHS laptop. The B1v2 can generate all types of artillery meteorological (MET) messages. The PM funded the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) ... |
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| Estimating TC Intensity Using the SSMIS and ATMS Sounders |
Apr 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Derrick C Herndon; Christopher Velden; Jeffrey Hawkins; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON COOPERATIVE INST FOR METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE STUDIES
|
| Microwave sounders operating in the 53-55 Ghz frequency range are transparent to cloud cover and allow the mapping of the Tropical Cyclone (TC) warm core in the 350-100 hPa layer. A robust relationship exists between the brightness temperature (Tb) anomalies measured by satellites in this layer and aircraft-measured Minimum Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) anomalies. Since 1998 the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) flown aboard the Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) ... |
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| Comparision of High Energy Laser Expected Dwell Times and Probability of Kill for Mission Planning Scenarios in Actual and Standard Atmospheres |
Mar 2012 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Jarred L Burley; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The 1976 U.S. standard atmosphere, a 50th percentile climatological profile, a ground observation based profile, and 48, 24, and 12 hour GFS forecast derived profiles are compared to actual sounding data and characterized for meteorological parameter predictive performance. Predictive HEL engagement performance is analyzed through AFIT/CDEs HELTDA for relevant engagement scenarios for multiple wavelengths. Operational optimization is demonstrated utilizing GFS forecast predictions in nearly all cases. Ground observation-based profiles prove ... |
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| Climatological Factors Affecting Electromagnetic Surface Ducting in the Aegean Sea Region |
Mar 2012 |
191 pages |
| Authors:
Konstantinos Raptis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We have studied the conditions that affect atmospheric electromagnetic surface ducts in the Aegean Sea region and how those conditions are related to regional and global scale climate variations. As a primary source for our calculations, we used radiosonde soundings from three different stations situated around the Aegean Sea, analyzing a 20-year period, from 1991 to 2010. We derived statistics on ducting parameters and correlated them with the seasonal means ... |
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| The Genesis of Typhoon Nuri as Observed during the Tropical Cyclone Structure 2008 (TCS08) Field Experiment. Part 2: Observations of the Convective Environment |
01 Aug 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Michael T Montgomery; Roger K Smith; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Analyses of thermodynamic data gathered from airborne dropwindsondes during the Tropical Cyclone Structure (2008) experiment are presented for the disturbance that became Typhoon Nuri. Although previous work has suggested that Nuri formed within the protective recirculating ?pouch? region of a westward propagating wave-like disturbance and implicated rotating deep convective clouds in driving the inflow to spin up the tangential circulation of the system-scale flow, the nature of the thermodynamic environment ... |
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| NPP ATMS Prelaunch Performance Assessment and Sensor Data Record Validation |
29 Apr 2011 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
William J Blackwell; Lynn Chidester; Christy F Cull; Edward J Kim; R V Leslie; Joseph Lyu; Tsan Mo; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
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| A suite of sensors scheduled to fly onboard the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) satellite in 2011 will continue the Sensor Data Records (SDRs) provided by operational and research missions over the last 40 years. The Cross-track Infrared and Microwave Sounding Suite (CrIMSS), consisting of the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) and the first space-based, Nyquist-sampled cross-track microwave sounder, the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS), will provide atmospheric vertical profile information to ... |
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| Freezing Fog Formation in a Supercooled Boundary Layer: Solving the Winter Fog Forecasting Challenge for Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska |
MAR 2007 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley J. Harbaugh; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We have examined four complex freezing fog events at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska, to determine the root cause of the fog. These events have drastically impacted operations in the region for years, and are still a mystery to forecasters. The primary goal was to provide a detailed analysis of conditions within the boundary layer that contributed to freezing fog formation within the supercooled liquid water boundary layer. The data ... |
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| Severe Weather Forecasting for Laughlin AFB, TX |
MAR 2007 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Eric J. Cercone; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A sounding climatology of a variety of parameters commonly used to forecast deep, moist convection using upper-air observations is developed. The data set includes 0000 and 1200 UTC rawinsonde data (approximately 3629 soundings) from Laughlin AFB, TX from April September 1995 2004. Cloud-to-ground lightning data, surface observations, and severe weather reports from the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) SeverePlot2 Program were used to categorize soundings as representative of conditions for no ... |
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| Space Weather Applications of the UAF Eulerian Parallel Polar Ionosphere Model (EPPIM) |
01 JUN 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Sergei Maurits; Anton Kulchitsky; Brenton Watkins; ALASKA UNIV FAIRBANKS
|
| UAF EPPIM is the first principles theoretical model of the polar ionosphere, which covers region pole ward from 50 N of geomagnetic latitude, and altitudes from 80 to 900-1000 km. If available, the model can input real data or, conversely, it is capable of generating all necessary inputs using statistical modules (e.g., MSIS, electric field, precipitation intensity, etc.) incorporated into the model and driven by the standard set of geophysical ... |
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| Exploitation of Elevation Angle Control for a 2-D HF Skywave Radar |
14 APR 2005 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
S. Saillant; G. Auffray; P. Dorey; OFFICE NATIONAL D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES AEROSPATIALES TOULOUSE (FRANCE)
|
| ONERA, sponsored by the French Ministry of defense (Aeronautics program department SPAe), has conducted the realization and experimentations of the skywave HF radar, called NOSTRADAMUS. This is a new concept of Over-the-Horizon radar constituted of a monostatic surface array on a three arms star. This choice of structure allows an azimuthal coverage of 360 degrees and elevation beam-forming capability. This paper presents the NOSTRADAMUS system and describes the real time ... |
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| Microwave Estimates of the Extratropical Transitions Process |
MAR 2005 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Cedrick L. Stubblefield; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Microwave satellite imagery is a valuable tool for the observation of mature tropical cyclones. This study examined the application of microwave data to the extratropical transition (ET) process. During ET a tropical cyclone (TC) moves into an area of large gradients in many atmospheric parameters. The data sparse regions in which these gradients exist make the examination of key physical mechanisms responsible for the ET process difficult. The Advanced Microwave ... |
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| The WindSat Spaceborne Polarimetric Microwave Radiometer: Sensor Description and Early Orbit Performance |
NOV 2004 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Peter W. Gaiser; Karen M. St.Germain; Elizabeth M. Twarog; Gene A. Poe; William Purdy; Donald Richardson; Walter Grossman; W. L. Jones; David Spencer; Gerald Golba; Jeffrey Cleveland; Larry Choy; Richard M. Bevilacqua; Paul S. Chang; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Abstract The global ocean surface wind vector is a key parameter for short-term weather forecasting, the issuing of timely weather warnings, and the gathering of general climatological data. In addition, it affects a broad range of naval missions, including strategic ship movement and positioning, aircraft carrier operations, aircraft deployment, effective weapons use, underway replenishment, and littoral operations. WindSat is a satellite-based multifrequency polarimetric microwave radiometer developed by the Naval Research ... |
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| NOAA's GOES R - Next Generation Satellite |
Sep-2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Eric J Miller; Michael Madden; Robert Reining; John Linn; Lauraleen O'Connor; NATIONAL OCEANIC ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION/NESDIS SILVER SPRING MD
|
| NOAA's next generation Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) beginning with GOES R is the follow-on to the GOES N-P series. GOES R is being developed for launch in the 2012 time frame to meet new requirements validated through a rigorous screening and verification process. It presents an opportunity to explore new instruments, satellite designs, and system architectures. NOAA's National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service (NESDIS) will explore if an ... |
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| Current Meter Data Report, Ulleung Basin of Japan/East Sea |
01-Jul-2003 |
130 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Wimbush; William Teague; Yongsheng Xu; Karen L Tracey; D R Watts; Jeff Book; RHODE ISLAND UNIV NARRAGANSETT GRADUATE SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| Observations were conducted from June 1999 to July 2001 to study shallow and deep current variability in the southwest Japan/East sea. Data were collected during the field experiment with a two-dimensional array of pressure-gauge equipped inverted echo sounders (PIES) and deep recording current meters (RCM). This report documents the current meter data, which were collected with an array of 12 moorings that was in place for the two-year period. Instrument ... |
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| VENTFLUX2: Single Channel Seismics, Piston Coring, and CTD Casts Associated with Gas Hydrates Offshore Vancouver Island. Report of Cruise PG01- 003 C.C.G. Vessel John P. Tully, 23 July-12 August 2001. Volume 1: Opeations |
08 FEB 2003 |
125 pages |
| Authors:
George Spence; Johanna Hoehne; Richard B. Coffin; Roy Hyndman; Robert MacDonald; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Cruise PGC00-003 was a collaborative experiment between the University of Victoria, the Geological Survey of Canada, and the Naval Re- search Laboratory. The program focused on seafloor vents that may be sites of significant fluid and methane flux. There were six sites with different indicators of fluid flow selected for this cruise: (1) Bullseye vent: hydrate had been recovered in this region in four piston cores collected during the 2000 ... |
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| Validation of the Paramaterized Real-Time Ionospheric Specification Model (PRISM) |
2003 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Robert C. Pulliam; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
|
| The earth's ionosphere between 60km and 1000km altitude contains a significant amount of partially ionized plasma that affects the propagation of radio waves. This plasma is created when extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light from the sun strips electrons from the neutral molecules in the Earth's atmosphere. The ionosphere's free electron density is highly variable and often unstable and can adversely affect Department of Defence systems which rely on radio wave propagation. ... |
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| Bathymetric Error Evaluation for Submarine Cruises in the Arctic Ocean Based on Track Crossover Differences (CD-ROM) |
15 MAR 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Woo-Yeol Jung; Peter R. Vogt; Irene F. Jewett; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
 | ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 6 files; Adobe Acrobat (.PDF). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 computer laser optical disc, 4 3/4 in.; 35.3 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: IBM-clone PC-compatible. ABSTRACT: Single-beam echo-soundings from 1958 to 1988 submarine cruises (more than 120,000 km track) to the deep Arctic Basin, and from 1993 to 1999 SCICEX submarine cruises to the same region (ca. 100,000 km track) are evaluated for their accuracy by calculation of crossover differences ... |
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| A Multi-Parameter Snow Sounding Probe |
14 MAR 2002 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Foster; Kelly Clifford; Bryan Manning; Michael Y. Louge; CAPACITEC INC AYER MA
|
| Vertical soundings of the snowpack are essential diagnostic tools for snow hydrologists and avalanche forecasters. Hydrologists require quantitative profiles of snow density from which they can infer the total amount of snow coverage in a region. Because variations in altitude and terrain can result in widely different coverage, they must dig a relatively large number of pits or extract and weigh many core samples to estimate the snow water equivalent ... |
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| Predicting Launch Pad Winds at the Kennedy Space Center With a Neural Network Model |
MAR 1999 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Steven J. Storch; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This thesis uses neural networks to forecast winds at the Kennedy Space Center and the Cape Canaveral Air Station launch pads. Variables are developed from WINDS tower observations, surface and buoy observations, and an upper-air sounding. From these variables, a smaller set of predictive inputs is chosen using a signal-to-noise variable screening method. A neural network is then trained to forecast launch pad winds from ... |
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| Effects of Cumulus Convection on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones |
30 SEP 1998 |
|
| Authors:
M. K. Yau; R. R. Rogers; MCGILL UNIV MONTREAL (CANADA)
|
| To explain the inter actions between convective processes and larger scale marine weather systems, to increase our understanding of the processes affecting the size distribution of cloud droplets in maritime clouds, and to study atmospheric processes through application of new methods of remote sensing. To investigate the effects of convection and cloud microphysics on rapidly intensifying oceanic cyclones. To determine how mixing affects cloud dropsize distribution in the presence of ... |
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| Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) A Noise Complaint Management Tool For Explosive Operations |
Aug-1998 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Micheal M Kordich; Dean A Pollet; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER DAHLGREN DIV VA
|
| The Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) is a range operations tool for the management of noise complaints. It is an acoustic ray tracing computer code employing weather data to determine the locations of both noise enhancements and reductions from the conduct of explosive operations. SIPS was installed at the Utah Test and Training Range, Hill Air Force Base, Ogden Utah in September 1994. Since then 2,400 tons of ordnance, at ... |
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| Training Effectiveness Evaluation of the VESUB Technology Demonstration System |
JUN 1998 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Robert T. Hays; Dennis A. Vincenzi; Alton G. Seamon; Scott K. Bradley; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER TRAINING SYSTEMS DIV ORLANDO FL
|
| This report documents the Training Effectiveness Evaluation (TEE) of the Virtual Environment for Submarine OOD Ship Handling Training (VESUB) technology demonstration system. A two-phase TEE was conducted at the Submarine Training Facility, Norfolk, VA and the Naval Submarine School, Groton, CT using Navy trainees ranging in experience from Junior Officers to qualified OODs and Commanding Officers. Forty-one subjects with various experience levels were trained on three scenarios in the VESUB ... |
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| Development of Satellite Based Sensor for Improved Measurement and Validation of Ionospheric Parameters |
Jan 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Suman Ganguly; OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA
|
| Having ionospheric electron density distributions as a function of height, latitude, longitude and time under different conditions is essential for scientific, technical and operational purposes. A satellitebased, swept-frequency, HF sounder can obtain electron density profiles on a global scale. We are developing a new-generation HF sounder that employs recent developments in technology, electronics and processing capabilities. It will provide global-scale electron density distributions, contours of fixed densities, maps of f0F2, ... |
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| Multi-Parameter Snow Sounding Probe. Phase I |
15 JUN 1997 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Foster; Michel Y. Louge; CAPACITEC INC AYER MA
|
| We describe a penetration field-portable capacitance probe capable of recording profiles of dielectric permittivity through the snow pack. The probe was developed under the auspices of the Army Research Office as a Phase I SBIR project. It consists of a wedged capacitance tip, which is mounted at the end of a pole allowing its penetration through depths of at least 2 m. The capacitance instrument is integrated in the tip. ... |
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| Investigation of Radio Wave Propagation in the Martian Ionosphere Utilizing HF Sounding Techniques |
JUN 96 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Yowell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This thesis presents a preliminary design of an ionospheric sounder to be carried aboard one or more of NASA's Mars Surveyor landers. Past Russian and American probes have indicated the existence of an ionosphere, but none of these missions remotely sensed this atmospheric layer from the surface. The rationale for utilizing a surface-based Martian ionospheric sounder is discussed. Based on NASA's choice of launch vehicle and power source, a low- ... |
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| Depth and Geoacoustic Parameter Measurement in Littoral Regions Using the UQN-4A Sonar Sounding Set |
08 APR 96 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond W. Fidler; Robert D. Broome; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS FREQUENCY ACOUSTICS SECTION
|
| The data in this report demonstrates that SIMAS (Sonar In situ Mode Assessment System) can obtain current in situ bathymetric and geoacoustic information from the AN/UQN-4A Sonar Sounding Set (depth sounder) in littoral regions where vessels equipped with SIMAS systems will operate. Acoustic time series and digital depth output data were collected from the depth sounder for recording and transmission to the SIMAS system on-board the USS Curtis Wilbur (DDG-54). ... |
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| Sea Lion Configuration |
30 JAN 96 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
C AND C TECHNOLOGIES INC NORFOLK VA
|
| Sea Lion #1 has been mechanically reconfigured and refurbished in order to make the vehicle sea worthy and capable of meeting NRL's needs as a research and development platform. The hull has been extended by 16 inches and the electronics bay modified to improve payload capacity. These modifications included the lowering of the fore planes and splitting the fuel into two compartments. The nose cone was also modified for easy ... |
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| Phase 3: ORCA Documentation |
15 JAN 96 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
C AND C TECHNOLOGIES INC LAFAYETTE LA
|
| ORCA #1 has been mechanically and electrically modified in order to accommodate sensor systems installation requirements. This report will provide the mechanical and electrical - electronics drawings for inclusion into Navy technical documents. |
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| Hydrographic Data Along the California Coast from Pt. Lobos to Cape San Martin: 22 - 25 October 1995 |
DEC 95 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas A. Rago; Curtis A. Collins; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| This data report presents hydrographic (CTD) data collected during the Operational Oceanography class (OC-3570) cruise of 22-25 October 1995. The study area encompassed a region from Point Lobos (off Carmel, Ca.) south to Cape San Martin (35 deg 53 min N), extending from the coast to approximately the l000 m isobath. The survey consisted of 15 across-shore transections, each made up of six CTD stations nominally located above the 50, ... |
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| Coastal Bathymetry from Hyperspectral Data |
NOV 95 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Juanita C. Sandidge; Ronald J. Holyer; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS PHYSICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCES SEC TION
|
| A study is underway to investigate relationships of water depth, bottom type, and other optical variables to upwelling spectral radiance of coastal waters. A neural network and data from the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS) are used to quantify these relationships. Data is analyzed for two areas: one on the western coast of Florida in Tampa Bay and the other on the Florida panhandle in Santa Rosa Sound. AVIRIS data ... |
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| Sediment Classification and Bathymetry Data Acquired from the AN/UQN-4 Depth Sounder in Support of MTEDS |
25 OCT 95 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Altenburg; Karl W. Rehnn; Nicholas P. Chotiros; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN APPLIED RESEARCH LABS
|
| A realtime system for the measurement of the bottom reflection coefficient using the AN/UQN-4 depth sounder was developed. Data provided by the system is transferred to the MTEDS database system where it is made available to the Acoustic Sediment Classification System (ASCS). In addition to the bottom reflection coefficient, the system also provides time and ship's position from a built-in GPS receiver, and depth data for the MTEDS database. Three ... |
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| Investigation of the 26th Street Disposal Site, Edgewood Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland |
SEP 95 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Michael K. Sharp; Janet Simms; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL LAB
|
| A geophysical investigation was conducted at 26th Street, Edgewood Area, Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG), to delineate anomalies indicative of a fill. Electrical resistivity, magnetic, electromagnetic (EM), and ground penetrating radar (GPR) geophysical survey methods were employed to meet this objective. The investigation was carried out in the area immediately west of 26th Street and on the street. The tests were successful in delineating the lateral boundaries of the fill in ... |
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| Round-The-World High Frequency Propagation: A Synoptic Study |
SEP 95 |
|
| Authors:
Mark A. Tyler; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION CANBERRA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| This Report presents the results of a synoptic study of the propagation characteristics of round the world (RTW) high frequency radio signals. The observations were made near Alice Springs using a backscatter sounder. The diurnal, seasonal and solar cycle variations in the signal power and frequency limits are discussed. The measured optimum direction of propagation is determined and compared to a simple model. |
|
| Two-Dimensional Crustal and Upper-Mantle Velocity Models from Profile 'Quartz', Russia, |
14 AUG 1995 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Igor Morozov; Werner Schueller; Elena Morozova; Scott Smithson; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF GEOLOGY
|
| We develop two-dimensional (2-D) P-wave velocity models for the crust and for the upper mantle along the ultra-long Deep Seismic Sounding profile (DSS) 'Quartz'. Two-dimensional effects play a principal role in Lg propagation and are directly related to the problem of quantitative modeling of Lg and its use as a seismic discriminant. The use of DSS profiles provides us with unique opportunities to study large-scale propagation effects of various seismic ... |
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| Correlation and Gradient Characteristics of Ionospheric Parameters in Europe |
31 MAY 95 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Ehud Heyman; Elene E. Tsedilina; O. V. Weitsman; TEL-AVIV UNIV (ISRAEL)
|
| The processing and the analysis of the computer sounding vertical ionograms for the station Roquetes, Spain was made from June to November of 1991 (approximately 4300 ionograms) for the evaluation of F spread echo and scattered conditions in F layer. The examples of the ionograms with spread and disturbed signals and first results of their analysis are given for 1991. |
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| Acoustic Sounding System for Long Range Propagation in Middle East Surroundings |
30 APR 95 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
L. B. Salem; Z. Zlotnick; TECHNION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION LTD HAIFA (ISRAEL) EORD DIV
|
| This report covers work carried out during the second interim period. Two main tasks were carried out during this period. The first task dealt with the design and building of the Acoustic Power Source (APS) based on standard horn elements. The radiation pattern of the source was measured over an azimuth of 70 degrees surrounding the main lobe in the frequency range from 120 - 2,000 Hz. The second task ... |
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| Turbulence Measurements During Spring of 1994 at Apache Point Observatory |
APR 95 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Frank D. Eaton; John R. Hines; William H. Hatch; James J. Drexler; James Northrup; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
|
| Optical turbulence measurements taken using the Atmospheric Turbulence Measurement and Observation System (ATMOS) and an acoustic sounder at the newly established Apache Point Observatory (APO) are presented for spring 1994. APO is located at 9200 ft MSL about 18 mi south of Cloudcroft, NM. The ATMOS is an optical device for determining seeing conditions by measuring angle- of-arrival fluctuations through two subapertures of a telescope. This optical arrangement, utilizing a ... |
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| Acoustic Sounding System for Long Range Propagation in Middle East Surroundings |
31 JAN 95 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
L. B. Salem; Z. Zlotnick; TECHNION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOUNDATION LTD HAIFA (ISRAEL) EORD DIV
|
| The current report briefly covers the activities carried out during the first interim period. One of the tasks performed was the design and development of the Acoustic Directive Receiver Antenna (ADRA). The main parts of the ADRA namely the microphone array the data acquisition and data processing units have been developed. The ADRA is unitwise functional. A second task performed was the design and development of the Acoustic Power Source ... |
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| Retrieval of Cirrus Radiative and Spatial Properties Using Coincident Multispectral Imager and Sounder Satellite Data |
1995 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
R. P. d'Entremont; D. P. Wylie; Szu-Cheng Ou; Kuo- Nan Liou; UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| In addition to the wide variability in properties common for the other types of clouds, cirrus clouds have trausmissivity values to that span the entire possible domain 0< t |
|
| Aerosol Optical Properties of the Free Troposphere: Tropospheric Backscatter Climatology |
15 DEC 94 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Rosen; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| A unique ensemble of aerosol sensors (backscattersondes, nephelometers and particle counters) has been assembled during the course of this research to obtain new measurements relating to the optical properties of aerosols in the atmosphere, especially in the free troposphere. A knowledge of the aerosol extinction-to- backscatter ratio has been greatly enhanced as a result of this project and the inference of representative values along with the range of variation is ... |
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| Atmospheric Effects Assessment Program: Ionospheric Sounding |
FEB 94 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Sprague; NAVAL COMMAND CONTROL AND OCEAN SURVEILLANCE CENTER RDT AND E DIV SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This document reports efforts on two main goals: (1) to study the short-term ionospheric variability, and (2) to study the effects of this variability on high-frequency (HF) skywave field strength. To achieve the first goal, ionospheric soundings are being done at 5-minute intervals at San Diego, CA, and at Logan, UT. This time interval was chosen to adequately resolve variations produced by locally generated gravity waves. To study the effects ... |
|
| Multi-Scale Studies of Seafloor Topography |
JAN 94 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Fred N. Spiess; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| An important aspect of this program is provision of surface ship hull mounted echo sounding data in the Pacific Natural Laboratory area for comparison with the deeply towed system output. The seagoing portion of this element was carried out in July, 1993, by Dr. Peter Lonsdale using the SeaBeam 2000 system installed in R/V Melville. Initial data reduction was carried out at sea and data are available for eventual statistical ... |
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| The Operational Forecasting/Nowcasting of Precipitation Type in the Southeastern United States Type of Precipitation: Descriptive and Objective Guidance |
94 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Craig A. Souza; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF MARINE EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIE NCES
|
| Frozen and freezing precipitation are hazardous to modem society. Even small amounts of frozen or freezing precipitation can significantly affect the public in the southeastern United States (SEUS). Improved forecasts of and specificity of precipitation type are critical to public and private sector responses to wintry precipitation. A significant percentage of frozen or freezing precipitation cases in this region are associated with shallow polar airmasses (i.e. Cold Air Damming (CAD) ... |
|
| Upper-Air Quality Control, A Comparison Study |
DEC 93 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
David J. Speltz; AIR FORCE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL APPLICATIONS CENTER SCOTT AFB IL
|
| This study compares the output of the upper-air quality control (QC) methods used by the Air Force Global Weather Central (AFGWC) with those of the National Meteorological Center (NMC). AFGWC uses the new Upper-Air Validator (NUAV), while NMC uses the Complex QC procedure for Rawinsonde Heights and Temperations (CQCHT). This study identifies advantages, disadvantages, and added value of each QC scheme. |
|
| A Reassessment of the In-Situ Dielectric Constant of Polar Firn |
DEC 93 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Austin Kovacs; Anthony J. Gow; Rexford M. Morey; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| The success in using VHF and UHF frequency systems for sounding polar ice sheets has been tempered by an uncertainty in the in-situ dielectric constant Epsilon' which controls the effective velocity V sub e of an electromagnetic wave propagating in an air-ice mixture. An empirical equation for determining Epsilon' vs. density (specific gravity, p) was proposed in 1968 by Robin et al. where Epsilon'=(1 + 0.851 rho)sq. However, this expression ... |
|
| Coastal Boundary Layer and Refractivity Measurements Using the Ground- Based High Resolution Interferometer Sounder (GB-HIS) |
DEC 93 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Roy R. Ledesma; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Timesections of potential temperature, dewpoint temperature, modified radar refractivity (M), and the vertical derivative of the modified radar refractivity (dM/dZ) from radiosondes and the Ground-based High Resolution Interferometer Sounder (GB-HIS) during three experiments are studied to analyze refractive effects in the coastal boundary layer and evaluate GB-HIS performance. In May of 1991 and 1992, the GB-HIS instrument was deployed on the Research Vessel Point Sur during research cruises off the ... |
|
| Application of Differential Inversion to DMSP Microwave Sounder Data |
31 JUL 93 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Robert G. Hohlfeld; BOSTON UNIV MA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL COMPUTER AND SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
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| Differential Inversion (DI) is a novel approach to the solution of the atmospheric temperature sounding problem which was developed by Dr J.I.F. King of the Air Force's Phillips Laboratory. Before the present research, DI has been applied only to infrared radiance data sets, such as from TOVS/HIRS. In this report I describe the progress made in the first year of a research program to apply DI to microwave radiance data ... |
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| A Retrieval Error Analysis Technique for Passive Infrared Atmospheric Sounders |
08 JUL 93 |
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| Authors:
John P. Kerekes; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
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| To support the design and analysis of passive infrared atmospheric sounding instruments, an analytical error analysis technique has been implemented. This technique is based on a linear approximation to the radiative transfer equation and uses a minimum variance estimation approach to atmospheric profile retrieval. As a result, once the proper matrices have been constructed an estimate of the retrieval error is computed through a single linear matrix equation. The solution ... |
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| A Preliminary Method for Atmospheric Soundings in Real Time Using Satellite and Ground-Based Remotely Sensed Data |
JUL 93 |
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| Authors:
James Cogan; Aldo Izaguirre; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
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| A near-real-time sounding of the atmosphere from the surface to less than or equal to 30 km may be obtained by combining atmospheric profiles from meteorological (met) satellite and a ground-based system for remotely sensing wind and temperature. This type of capability is essential for optimum use of Army assets such as artillery and defense against biological and chemical attack. This report describes the method for merging data from satellite ... |
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| Some Potential Errors in Satellite Wind Estimates Using the Geostrophic Approximation and the Thermal Wind |
JUN 93 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
James Cogan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
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| Current and planned passive sensors on meteorological satellites measure radiances that are converted directly into temperature and humidity soundings. In turn, wind velocity is derived from the temperature soundings and other derived variables (for example, geopotential heights). Current operational methods involve either the geostrophic wind or the thermal wind approximation. This report presents some information and sample calculations on the types of errors that may be expected when either approximation ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
SOUNDING
