| Identification of Individual Mycotoxin Threat Agents from Mycotoxin Mixtures Using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Mass Spectroscopy, and Chemometrics |
16 NOV 2004 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey S. Rice; Vicky L. Bevilacqua; Philip B. Smith; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
 | The U. S. government still claims that the Soviet Union and its allies in Laos and Cambodia used a mixture of mycotoxins to engage in toxin warfare from 1975 to 1984. While the government's case for toxin warfare is suspect [Tucker, J. B. (2001) The Nonproliferation Review ], mycotoxin mixtures are potent enough to be considered threat agents. Therefore, the need exists for the capability to identify individual toxins from ... |
|
| Characterization and Improvement of Polymer Solution Light-Emitting Devices |
03 MAR 2003 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Yang Yang; Fred Wudl; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Our original objective was the understanding of polymer solution light-emitting devices (SLED), from device mechanism to materials. After a two- year intense research on SLEDs, we have expanded our project to other areas, from SLEDs, to phosphorescent PLEDs, and high performance photovoltaic devices. It is realized that our SLED has a similar mechanism as the ECL process. The electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) process usually involves at least two species (or two ... |
|
| Elastin: A Stimuli Responsive Biopolymer for Nano-, and Micro-Actuation |
NOV 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Gabriel P. Lopez; Venkata R. Goparaju; Qiang Fu; S. Balamurugan; S. Mendez; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE DEPT OF CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
|
| We developed hybrid materials comprising of silica and stimuli responsive polymers (SRPs) to demonstrate the feasibility of SRPs as actuation elements in functional nanostructured materials. We successfully demonstrated that the hybrid membranes comprising of silica and SRPs can function as molecular filters with reversible permeability and good stability. We dispersed these SRPs in a slilica matrix at a molecular level using sol-gel process. The encapsulated SRP molecules to act as ... |
|
| The Investigation on Preparation & Physicochemical Process of Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Powder |
APR 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Yunjing Song; Shulin Wen; Musen Li; SHANDONG UNIV JINAN (CHINA)
|
 | The investigations of the preparation and physicochemical process of the HA nanostructured powder with high performance have been performed at present study. The HA preparation starts horn the ethanol solution of calcium nitrate tetra-hydrate and phosphorous pentoxide as raw materials. The characterization of the effects of reacting temperatures on preparation the crystalline degrees (some amorphous HA formed at certain condition) of the reacting products are carried out in the meanwhile. ... |
|
| Base-Induced 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene Transformation, Titration Studies |
AUG 2001 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Lance D. Hansen; David D. Ringelberg; Deborah R. Felt; Jeffrey D. Davis; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The removal of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from solution by the addition of a base, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), was examined. TNT solutions were titrated to determine the required hydroxide concentration for the removal of TNT from solutions to proceed. It was found that the pH required for removal of half the TNT was 10.9 +/- 0.18 with an empirical coefficient of 0.16 +/- 0.11. A parametric analysis was performed, and the model ... |
|
| Study of Multicomponent Diffusion in Polymers Using FTIR-ATR spectroscopy |
JUL 2000 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy A. Barbari; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| The specific aim of this project was to study the diffusion of complex mixtures, some of which are capable of self-association and solvation, in polymers. The focus was primarily on rubbery polymers, but a glassy polymer was also studied. Diffusion coefficients were measured with FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, a powerful technique that can monitor individual components in a mixture and can also detect association or solvation interactions ... |
|
| Test Operations Procedure (TOP) 3-2-609; Chemical Compatibility of Nonmetallic Materials used in Small Arms Systems |
12 FEB 1999 |
|
| Authors:
ARMY TEST AND EVALUATION COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This TOP provides procedures for evaluating the chemical compatibility of nonmetallic materials used in small arms systems (weapons/ ammunition) by conditioning them in various chemical solutions. Physical properties of the material to be tested are measured before and after conditioning to determine the degradation attributable to the chemical solution. The chemicals used for the test are mainly used in military training, maintenance, ... |
|
| Decontaminating Groundwater Sampling Devices |
OCT 97 |
|
| Authors:
Louise V. Parker; Thomas A. Ranney; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| These studies are the second part of a two-year project that examines decontaminating groundwater sampling devices. In the first year, the efficiency of various decontamination protocols was tested using small test pieces of materials that are commonly used in groundwater sampling devices. Those tests showed that a hot detergent wash and rinse followed by hot air drying (1050C) was the most effective decontamination protocol. In these studies, two groundwater sampling ... |
|
| Solution-and Solid-State Photoelectrochromic Switching in Organized Assemblies |
07 JUL 97 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Chad A. Mirkin; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The goal of the project is to prepare, characterize, and study organized, densely packed, highly oriented monolayer structures of redox and photoactive adsorbate molecules (azobenzenes and ferrocenylazobenzenes) on a variety of conducting substrates. These types of molecular assemblies are relevant to the development of new forms of ultrahigh density optical data storage media, chemical sensors, optical switches, and photon counters. An understanding of the chemical and physical processes that can ... |
|
| Caustic Hydrolysis of Sulfur Mustard |
APR 97 |
|
| Authors:
Steven P. Harvey; William T. Beaudry; Paul C. Bossle; Jan E. Kolakowski; Lawrence R. Procell; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUNDMD
|
| The reactions of HD with aqueous calcium hydroxide and aqueous sodium hydroxide were investigated with respect to their potential applicability to a neutralization-based chemical demilitarization process. There were two objectives of this study: (1) To compare the results (reaction rates and products) of semi-micro studies using microliter quantities of agent to those of larger studies using milliliter or liter quantities; (2) To determine what operational factors might affect the performance ... |
|
| Novel Membrane System to Automatically Deglycerolize Thawed Frozen Human Blood |
APR 1997 |
198 pages |
| Authors:
John J. Meserko; ADVANCED HAEMO TECHNOLOGIES THE WOODLANDS TX
|
| Improved methods for frozen storage of glycerolized red blood cells (RBCs) are needed both to meet military and civilian needs in periods of high demand. Existing deglycerolization systems are labor intensive and considered 'open' systems resulting in a maximum storage of 24 hours following washing. AHT's thawed blood processing system (TBPS) has been developed through optimization of a disposable configuration and automated hardware console. AHT has met the essential element ... |
|
| Acetone Extraction of 2,4 DNT from Contaminated Sand and Clay Soils: Evaluation of Extraction, Recovery of Acetone by Vapor Flashing, and Evaluation of DNT Destruction in Aqueous-Acetone Solutions by Sand-Bed and Sonochemical Reactors |
01 MAR 97 |
|
| Authors:
George G. Chase; Rajesh Boggavarapu; Suresh Tonangi; AKRON UNIV OH DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A number of military industrial sites for production of energetic compounds (explosives, propellants, and pyrotechnics) have contaminated soils and lagoon sediments. Several methods exist for clean-up of these contaminated soils. The method of solvent extraction is expected to be competitive with the other methods provided that the acetone solvent can be recovered and reused in the process. The amount of solvent required for the separation impacts upon the operation of ... |
|
| Synthesis of Ceramics from Solutions: Functionally Graded Composites, NanoComposites and Single Crystal Thin Films |
28 FEB 97 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew D. Polli; Fred F. Lange; Carlos G. Levi; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA COLL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The crystallization, transformation, and partitioning of amorphous PbO-ZrO2-TiO2 powders produced by pyrolytic decomposition of mixed alkoxide precursors were investigated. Materials have the general formulation Pb1+xTi1/ (1+PHI)ZrPHI/(1+PHI)O3+x, where -0.2<= x <= 0.2 is the fraction PbO excess/ deficiency and 0 <= phi <= 1 is the Zr/Ti molar ratio. Most compositions first crystallized as a metastable fluorite structure with varying degrees of pyrochlore-like cation ordering, which transformed to a single perovskite ... |
|
| Synthesis of Ceramics from Solutions: Functionally Graded Composites, NanoComposites and Single Crystal Thin Films |
28 FEB 97 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Fred F. Lange; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA
|
| A polyvinylmethylsilane precursor has been used for the epitaxial growth of SiC thin films on 6H-SiC single crystal substrates. The films were prepared by dipping the single crystalline 6H-SiC substrates into the precursor polymer solution with subsequent thermal treatments at different temperatures. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the microstructure and chemistry of the different SiC films. At 1100 deg C, the film was amorphous and contained substantial ... |
|
| Energetics of Electron Transfer at the Nanocrystalline Titanium Dioxide Semiconductor/Aqueous Solution Interface: pH Invariance of the Metal Based Formal Potential of a Representative Surface Attached Dye Couple |
OCT 96 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Susan G. Yan; Josep T. Hupp; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL MATERIALS RESEARCH CENTER
|
| Mediator-based spectroelectrochemical assessment of the metal- centered formal potential (E sub f(RU)) of a representative inorganic dye, Ru(4, 4'-(CH2PO3)-2,2'-bipyridine)3 (10-), bound to a nanocrystalline titanium dioxide film shows that the potential is insensitive to changes in solution pH, despite significant shifts in the conduction band edge energy (E sub CB) of the underlying semiconductor electrode in response to the same environmental perturbations. The observations are important in the context of ... |
|
| Solvated Electron Chemistry |
SEP 96 |
|
| Authors:
Ernest Lory; NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
|
| Solvated electron chemistry technology is an innovative environmental cleanup process that uses a solution of ammonia and an 'active' metal to create a powerful reducing agent that can chemically transform toxic contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCEs) and pesticides, into relatively benign substances. The technology works for cleaning up soils, sediments, liquids, and other material forms. |
|
| Main Group Compounds as Amphoteric Ligands to Transition Metals. Synthesis and Molecular Structure of Cr(CO)5 PPh2CH2Ga (CH2CMe3)2. NMe3 |
10 JUL 96 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
O. T. Beachley Jr.; Michael A. Banks; John P. Kopasz; Robin D. Rogers; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The reactivities of the group 13 compounds, R2MCH2PPh2 and R2MPPh2, as amphoteric ligands to transition metals have been investigated. The ligands R2MCH2PPh2 (R = CH2CMe3, CH2SiMe3; M = Ga, In) reacted readily with Cr(CO)5NMe3 in benzene solution to form Cr(CO)5PPh2CH2MR2-NMe3 whereas for ligands of the type R2MPPh2 (R = CH2CMe3, CH2SiMe3; M = Al, Ga, In), only the two aluminum compounds and (Me3CCH2)2GaPPh2 formed isolable products of the type Cr(CO) ... |
|
| Functionalized Porous Polymer Sheets as Models of Thermoresponsive Membranes for Water Treatment |
30 JUN 96 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Jean M. Frechet; Eric C. Peters; Frantisek Svec; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A novel approach to thermoresponsive polymeric membranes based on molded monolithic sheets of macroporous polymers has been demonstrated. The macroporous sheet prepared from glycidyl methacrylate ethylene dimethacrylate is functionalized either by free-radical grafting of N-isopropylacrylamide, or, better, by copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide onto the vinylated surface of the pores of the polymer sheet. The macroporous polymers modified with POLY(N-isopropylacrylamide) were shown to be thermoresponsive. Changes in the temperature of a flow ... |
|
| Computation of Partial Vapor Pressures of Aqueous Volatile Organic Compound Solutions |
JUN 96 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. Field; Roger J. Combs; Robert B. Knapp; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG
|
| A program is described for the evaluation of the partial vapor pressures of solution components dependent on the concentration in solution, total pressure, and temperature. The object of the program is to provide reliable values that represent the best estimate based on the large body of experimental data available in the literature. The basis of the estimate is the evaluation of the Wilson coefficients for calculating the activity coefficients of ... |
|
| Studies of the Electrochemical Double Layer at Au(100) in Perchloric Acid Solutions by In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy |
26 MAY 96 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Nebojsa S. Marinkovic; Juan J. Calvente; Zuzana Kovacova; W. R. Fawcett; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| In situ infrared reflection spectroscopy has been used to probe the concentration change of the perchlorate anion in the electrical double layer at Au(100). The results obtained show clearly that there is a correlation between the integrated intensity of the perchlorate band determined in a (SNIFTIRS) experiment and the surface excess of the anion in the diffuse layer predicted by the Gouy-Chapman theory. An expression that correlates the above two ... |
|
| Technical Support for Implementation of Aluminum Ion Vapor Deposition at Tobyhanna Army Depot |
FEB 96 |
182 pages |
| Authors:
R. Hoye; R. Sinha; INTERNATIONAL TECHNOLOGY CORP CINCINNATI OH
|
| Industrial production and maintenance activities conducted at Army depots typically include metal plating operations. For many years cadmium has been commonly applied as a surface coating using conventional electroplating processes to provide a protective, corrosion-resistant finish. Cadmium is a toxic, carcinogenic metal and cadmium electroplating generates sludges, rinse waters, and spent plating solutions that are hazardous wastes. Alternatives to cadmium electroplating exist. In many cases, aluminum coatings can be substituted ... |
|
| Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Dimethyl Sulfoxide Self-Association in Acetonitrile Solutions |
96 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
W. R. Fawcett; Alla A. Kloss; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Dimethyl sulfoxide solutions in acetonitrile were studied using the method of Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR FTIR) to elucidate the nature and the quantities of DMSO self-associates in solution. Results obtained are discussed together with earlier evidence of DMSO self-association in the literature. The results of the present study were used to resolve existing controversies in the assignment of bands in the DMSO vibrational spectrum. The structure ... |
|
| Automated Infrared Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds in Multicomponent Solutions |
DEC 95 |
|
| Authors:
David A. Schuchardt; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| In-situ monitoring of the environment in peacetime and wartime is required of today's technology with particular concern toward organophosphorus pesticides and chemical warfare agents. Of the many tools available for monitoring, infrared spectrometry combined with fiber optic sensors is one method of remote sensing which shows promise. This thesis models the problem of automatically detecting organophosphorus chemicals in water and automatically specifying what chemical is present. Computer generated infrared spectra ... |
|
| Oxidation Resistant Copper. |
28 NOV 1995 |
|
| Authors:
Alan S. Edelstein; Forrest H. Kaatz; Vincent G. Harris; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Oxidation resistant particles composed of copper and at least one metal having a valence of +2 or +3 and having an intermediate lattice energy for the metal in its hydroxide form. The metal is selected from nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese. cadmium, zinc, tin, magnesium, calcium and chromium. In one embodiment, the phases of copper and at least one metal in the particles are separate and the concentration of the metal ... |
|
| Enhanced Preservation of Volatile Organic Compounds in Soil With Sodium Bisulfate |
NOV 95 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Alan D. Hewitt; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| Sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4) was evaluated as a means of chemically preserving soil samples to prevent the microbiological degradation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Laboratory sample treatment consisted of spiking soil samples held in glass ampoules with aqueous solutions containing eight different VOCs or gasoline and then sealing them to eliminate volatilization as a concern. Samples preserved with NaHSO4 were held at room temperature (22 deg C), while equal numbers of ... |
|
| A Literature Review on Decontaminating Groundwater Sampling Devices: Organic Pollutants |
JUL 95 |
|
| Authors:
Louise V. Parker; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| Current protocols for decontaminating devices used to sample groundwater for organic contaminants are reviewed. Most of the methods given by regulatory agencies provide little scientific evidence that justify the recommended protocols. In addition, only a few studies that actually compared various decontamination protocols could be found in the open literature, and those studies were limited in their scope. Various approaches for decontamination and criteria that are important in determining how ... |
|
| Pollution Minimization |
26 JUN 95 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. McCormick; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI HATTIESBURG DEPT OF POLYMER SCIENCE
|
| The overall goal of this research is to develop pH responsive phase transfer polymers capable of removal of water borne contaminants. The phase transfer efficiency of these 'smart' systems is enhanced by maximum interfacial surface area contact between microheterogeneous domains and foulant species. Therefore, this chemistry is amenable for use in microphase separated, polymeric surfactant solutions (liquid membranes), supported hydrogel membranes, grafted and interpenetrating polymer networks, and nanocomposites. For the ... |
|
| Chemical Engineering of Synthesis Solutions for Multicomponent Inorganic Polymers and Ceramics |
MAY 95 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Alon McCormick; MINNESOTA UNIV ST PAUL DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| While there have been several studies reported in the literature of the structure and properties of organic/inorganic hybrid materials prepared by 'sol-gel' chemistry, less is known about how solution conditions influence copolymerization kinetics and material nanostructure. We are developing kinetic polymerization models for structure development of this class of materials. We use (29)Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to monitor the concentrations of differently hydrolyzed and connected silicon sites, and fit ... |
|
| Encapsulated Dry Electrolyte Composition for Time Release into a Solute. |
21 MAR 1995 |
|
| Authors:
Andrew V. Smith; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A device for delivering a water soluble electrolyte is provided comprising a core of a solid electrolyte composition enclosed by a polymeric coating which is permeable to water. The coating has at least one hole to permit passage of an aqueous solution of the electrolyte. The device is useful to maintain the concentration of an electrolyte composition in an electrochemical apparatus such as a fuel cell or a battery. ... |
|
| Molecular Dynamics Study of Interfacial Electric Fields |
95 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
James N. Glosli; Michael R. Philpott; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| Electric fields and potentials of an equilibrated assembly of ions and water molecules adjacent to a charged metal surface are calculated as a function of perpendicular distance z from the surface from data derived from molecular dynamics trajectories. The spatial distributions of atoms or molecules along direction z are found by ensemble averaging of trajectories followed by averaging with a localized function with a well defined length scale. Two methods ... |
|
| Self Assembly of n-Alkanethiolate Monolayers on Silver Nano-Structures: Protective Encapsulation |
18 DEC 94 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Wenjie Li; Jorma A. Virtanen; Reginald M. Penner; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Silver nanostructures having dimensions of 200-1000A in diameter and 2O-5OA in height were synthesized on graphite surfaces using the scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Although these nanostructures were stable while immersed in aqueous solutions containing small (0.5 mM) concentrations of Ag+, upon transfer into pure water, dissolution of the nanostructure occurred within 30 minutes, irrespective of the applied imaging bias up to +200 mV. Anodic dissolution was inhibited following the formation ... |
|
| The Fluorescent Detection of Hydrazine, Monomethylhydrazine, and 1,1- Dimethylhydrazine by Derivatization with Aromatic Dicarboxaldehydes |
20 OCT 94 |
|
| Authors:
Gregory E. Collins; Susan Rose-Pehrsson; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A method and apparatus for the detection of hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine in air (or other gas medium) or in an aqueous solution. The detection is accomplished by introducing a stream of air, or other gas medium, or aqueous solution suspected of containing hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine or mixtures thereof into a pH controlled reagent solution containing an aromatic dicarboxaldehyde to react with the hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine, 1,1- dimethylhydrazine or mixtures thereof, respectively, ... |
|
| Preparation and Studies of Urazole Containing Polymers |
02 SEP 94 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark J. Bausch; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV AT CARBONDALE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| The fact that the three nitrogen atoms present in urazole and appropriately substituted urazoles have been shown to possess substantial bond- making reactivities has prompted our investigations of (a) the stabilities of nitrogen-entered anions and radicals derived from substituted urazoles; (b) issues related to the syntheses of selected urazole monomers; and (c) the properties of a number of polymers that contain urazoles as monomeric subunits. Published discoveries from this project ... |
|
| Chemically Modified Electrodes by Nucleophilic Substitution of Chlorosilylated Platinum Oxide Surfaces |
01 JUL 94 |
|
| Authors:
Chun-hsien Chen; James E. Hutchinson; Timothy A. Postlethwaite; John N. Richardson; R. W. Murray; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Chlorosilylated platinum oxide electrode surfaces can be generated by reaction of SiCl4 vapor with an electrochemically prepared monolayer of platinum oxide. A variety of nucleophilic agents (such as alcohols, amines, thiols, and Grignard reagents) can be used to displace chloride and thereby functionalize the metal surface. Electroactive surfaces prepared with ferrocene methanol as the nucleophile show that derivatization by small molecules can achieve coverages on the order of a full ... |
|
| The Properties of Di-(2-Chloroethyl) Sulfide, 2. Thermodynamic Calculations, Data Review, and Analysis |
JUL 94 |
|
| Authors:
Elwin C. Penski; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This investigation is one phase of an effort to build a data foundation for thermodynamic properties of agents. This report is the second in a series of reports on the properties of di-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide. Some property values are calculated from the best methods available, and in other cases, the best values are selected from the literature. Values are selected at standard conditions for 17 different properties. Information on calculating the ... |
|
| Chiral Recognition in Molecular and Macromolecular Pairs of Liquid Crystals of (2R, 3S)- and (2S, 3S)-2-Fluoro-3-methylpentyl-4'-(11- Vinyloxyundecanyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylate Diastereomers |
30 JUN 94 |
|
| Authors:
V. Percec; H. Oda; P. L. Rinaldi; D. R. Hensley; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH DEPT OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
|
| (2R, 3S)-2-Fluoro-3-methylpentyl 4'-(11-vinyloxyundecanyloxy) biphenyl-4- carboxylate (15) (2R 92%ee) and (2S, 3S)-2-fluoro-3-methylpentyl 4'- (11-vinyloxyundecanyloxy)biphenyl-4-carboxylate (16) (2S 96%ee) diastereomers and their corresponding homopolymers and copolymers with well defined molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution were synthesized and characterized. The phase behaviors of 15 and poly (15) are identical to those of 16 and poly(16) respectively. The phase behavior of the two diastereomeric polymers can be compared only by superimposing the dependence ... |
|
| Design, Manufacture and Deliver a Fully Automated Instrument to Measure, Record and Analyze the Oxygen Equilibrium Curve of Blood. Phase 2 |
20 JUN 94 |
|
| Authors:
David W. Blair; PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC ENTERPRISE INC NJ
|
| This was a Phase II SBIR program to design, develop, produce and deliver a standard instrument to measure the oxygen equilibrium curve of blood, and/or hemoglobin solutions. This was done. An instrument was produced that operates under DOS based computer control to carry out the necessary operations and measurements. It uses pumps that we developed to add reagents to solutions under test, electrochemical probes to measure O2 and CO2 pressures ... |
|
| Agent Neutralization Studies III. Detoxification of VX in Aqueous Persulfate |
JUN 94 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph W. Hovanec; Johnnie M. Albizo; Vikki D. Henderson; Linda L. Szafraniec; William T. Beaudry; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Aqueous solutions of persulfate salts are frequently used to mineralize organic substrates in the course of total organic carbon analyses. A study has been conducted at the U.S. Army Edgewood Research, Development and Engineering Center to determine whether this approach may be useful to neutralize the nerve agent VX. VX was reacted with aqueous ammonium persulfate at 90 deg C and 70 deg C. The concentration of agent and the ... |
|
| Some Perspectives on Solution-Phase Electron-Transfer Processes |
FEB 94 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph T. Hupp; Michael J. Weaver; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The kinetics of electron-transfer (ET) process is a subject graced by a remarkable diversity as well as importance in chemistry and biology. Of the manifold types of chemical ET reactions, those occuring in solution and at electrode-solution interfaces have been the subject of a notably concerted and fruitful research effort. This activity was in large part spawned, and subsequently spurred, by the development of the theoretical treatments by Rudy Marcus ... |
|
| Determination of the Lithium Ion Transference Number and of the Electrochemical Stability Stability Window |
JAN 1994 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Bruno Scrosati; UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI LA SAPIENZA ROME(ITALY) DIPT DI CHIMICA
|
| In this two month period, we have continued the investigation of the electrochemical properties of gel-type polymer electrolytes formed by the immobilization of liquid solutions in poly(acrylonitrile), PAN matrices. The aim was that of completing task (i) which is focused on the clarification and the understanding of the basic electrochemical properties of these new gel electrolytes. In particular in this report we discuss results related to ... |
|
| Study of Type II and Type III Anodized Al 5052-0 in Aqueous DS2 Solutions |
JAN 94 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Chester V. Zabielski; Milton Levy; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WATERTOWN MA MATERIALS DIRECTORATE
|
| Corrosion behavior studies using short-time electrochemical techniques and long-term immersion tests of Types II and III anodized Al 5052-0 and uncoated Al 5052-0 were conducted in 30 vol% DS2 aqueous decontaminating solution. Test data indicated that Type III anodized Al 5052-0 provided significantly greater resistance to degradation than Type II anodized Al 5052-0 or uncoated Al 5052-0. |
|
| Stability of the Lithium Interface |
1994 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Bruno Scrosati; UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI LA SAPIENZA ROME(ITALY) DIPT DI CHIMICA
|
| Following the work performed in a previous contract (SPC-92-4003) we have continued the investigation of the electrochemical properties and of the applications of highly-conducting, gel-type polymer electrolytes. As a model starting material we have selected the system formed by immobilization of liquid solutions (e.g., solutions of lithium salts in propylene carbonate-ethylene carbonate, PC/EC, mixtures ) in polymer (e.g., poly(acrylonitrile), PAN) matrices. ... |
|
| Naval Research Reviews. Office of Naval Research, Volume 45, Four/1993 and Volume 46, One/1994 |
94 |
|
| Authors:
OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA
|
| Partial contents: Electron transfer reactions in chemistry theory and experiment; Some perspectives on solution-phase electron-transfer processes; Solvent effects in quantum chemistry: the self-consistent reaction field model; Electron transfer: simple model, successful theory; Computer simulation methods for electron transfer and other quantum rate phenomena; Electron transfer rate theory, and control of electron transfer processes. |
|
| Clarification of the Lithium Interface Phenomena |
NOV 1993 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Bruno Scrosati; UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI LA SAPIENZA ROME(ITALY) DIPT DI CHIMICA
|
| In these report we continue to describe the results obtained in the course of the investigation of the electrochemical properties of gel-type polymer electrolytes formed by immobilization of liquid solutions (e.g., solutions of lithium salts in propylene carbonate-ethylene carbonate, PC/EC mixtures) in polymer (e.g., poly(acrylonitrile), PAN) matrices. In particular, we have continued to investigate the characteristics and the properties of the interface with the ... |
|
| Applications of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy to Electrochemistry |
26 AUG 93 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Nathan S. Lewis; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Our research during the last contract period (a one-year extension of ONR Contract N00014-88-K-0482) involved an evaluation of the efficacy of using partially insulated STM tips as ultramicroelectrodes in studies of heterogeneous electron transfer. We initially fabricated these electrodes to serve as tips for imaging surfaces in solutions that contain significant concentrations of electroactive species. The tips that we have prepared (by partially coating an etched Pt wire with molten ... |
|
| Charge Transfer Processes on Liquid/Liquid Interfaces: The First Hundred Years |
31 DEC 92 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Petr Vanysek; NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV DE KALB DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Electrochemistry dealing with interfaces between two immiscible and ionically conductive solutions (ITIES) has been documented in literature already a hundred years ago. The work has only recently attracted a wider attention. The trends in experimental electrochemistry, optical studies of the interface and recently emerging theoretical work are reviewed Currently about 100 publications appear per year. |
|
| Molecular Capacitance: Sequential Electron-Transfer Energetics for Solution-Phase Metallic Clusters in Relation to Gas-Phase Clusters and Analogous Interfaces |
OCT 92 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Weaver; Xiaoping Gao; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A simple electrostatic treatment of the energetics of sequential solution-phase electron transfers involving metallic clusters and other large solutes is outlined and related to the conventional description for charging of gas-phase clusters with the objective of linking these phenomena and assessing phenomenologically the role of solvation in the former class of systems. The common occurrence of electron transfer sequencies for solution-phase solutes suggests the concept of 'molecular capacitance', denoting the ... |
|
| Initial Surface Structure of Flame-Annealed Au(100) in Aqueous Solution: Consistency Between In-Situ Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Electrochemical Results |
28 FEB 92 |
|
| Authors:
Antoinette Hamelin; Xiaoping Gao; Michael J. Weaver; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The aim of this note is to clarify the initial superficial structure of gold electrodes following the commonly utilized flame-annealing pretreatment procedure, by using atomic - resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), and to show the consistency of electrochemical and STM results. Initially in 1974 it was reported that the Au(100) electrode on aqueous electrolyte exhibited some hysteresis in the differential capacity-electrode potential curves and the cyclic voltammograms within the double-layer ... |
|
| The Effect of Flow Rates on the Localized Corrosion Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel in Ozonated 0.5N NaCl |
15 DEC 91 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
B. E. Brown; H. H. Lu; D. J. Duquette; RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY DEPT OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING
|
| The effect of flow on 304 stainless steel in a solution of 0.5 Normal NaCl containing 0, 0.02, and 1.2 mg/liter dissolved ozone was studied at room temperature. Flow rates ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 m/s were simulated by the use of a rotating cylinder electrode. Corrosion potentials and net current densities were measured and values of breakdown and repassivation potentials were derived from cyclic polarization curves. It was found ... |
|
| Laboratory Studies on Dieldrin Transport in Soils and Groundwater |
AUG 91 |
|
| Authors:
SHELL DEVELOPMENT CO HOUSTON TX
|
| An understanding of the sorptive behavior of dieldrin is necessary to determine its fate and transport in RMA soils. Sorption isotherms of dieldrin on subsurface soils collected from RMA are to be developed for this purpose. However, prior to performing a full set of sorption experiments a proper sorption equilibrium time was determined. In these experiments, measured volumes of aqueous solutions containing known amounts of radio-labeled dieldrin were mixed with ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
SOLUTIONS(MIXTURES)
