| Advances in Biotechnology and the Biosciences for Warfighter Performance and Protection: Anti-Aptamers for Revenom |
OCT 2006 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
George W. Irving; Amanda J. Tijerina; Mark Sloan; CONCEPTUAL MINDWORKS INC SAN ANTONIO TX
|
 | This effort was focused on developing a novel, aptamer-based antivenin for treatment of envenomation by the Kurdistan Viper (Vipera raddei kurdistanica). The research was conducted to provide evidence to prove whether a synthetic, aptamer-based antivenin could be developed to treat snake envenomations in humans. Using PLA2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom as a simulant of the Kurdistan viper venom, two tissue culture cell lines were examined and developed for in ... |
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| Paleofaunal and Environmental Research on Miocene Fossil Sites TVOR SE and TVOR S on Fort Polk, Louisiana, with Continued Survey, Collection, Processing, and Documentation of other Miocene Localities |
01 APR 2004 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Judith A. Schiebout; Suyin Ting; Michael Williams; Grant Boardman; Wulf Gose; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV BATON ROUGE MUSEUM OF NATURAL SCIENCE
|
| Focus of paleontological research on the Miocene of Fort Polk is currently the marine locality TVOR SE, which also has yielded large and small terrestrial Miocene vertebrates, and a single Cretaceous dinosaur tooth, reworked from older beds outside the local area. Other sites have continued to be productive. The two beautifully preserved tortoises from DISC have been identified as Hesperotudo. The first venomous snake from the Fort Polk Miocene is ... |
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| N-Acetylcysteine and Acute Retinal Laser Lesion in the Colubrid Snake Eye |
JAN 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
W. R. Elliott; H. Rentmeister-Bryant; N. Barsalou; J. Beer; H. Zwick; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER BROOKS CITY-BASE TX BROOKS DETACHMENT
|
| This study examined the role of oxidative stress and the effect of a single dose treatment with N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) on the temporal development of acute laser-induced retinal injury. We used the snake eye/Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope (SLO) model, an in vivo, non-invasive ocular imaging technique, which has the ability to image cellular retinal detail and allows for studying morphological changes of retinal injury over time. For this study 12 corn-snakes (Elaphe ... |
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| Porcine Skin Thermal Response to Near-IR Lasers Using a Fast Infrared Camera |
JAN 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Clarence Cain; Thomas Milner; Sergey Telenkov; Kurt Schuster; Kevin Stockton; David Stolarski; Chris Condit; Ben Rockwell; William Roach; NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP SAN ANTONIO TX INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
|
| We have measured the minimum visible lesion (MVL) thresholds for porcine skin and determined the ED(50) for exposures at 1314 nm for 0.35 ms laser pulses. An in-vivo pigmented animal model, Yucatan mini-pig (Sus scrofa domestica), was used in this study. We also have measured the 2-D thermal response using a high-speed (100 frames per second) infrared camera for single-pulse temperature recordings for Gaussian beams of 1 mm diameter. In ... |
|
| CONRO: Self-Reconfigurable Robots |
SEP 2003 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Will; Wei-Min Shen; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINA DEL REY INFORMATION SCIENCES INST
|
| The goal of the CONRO Project was to develop a miniature reconfigurable robot that can be tasked to perform reconnaissance and search and identification tasks in urban, seashore and other field environments. CONRO was made from small and identical modules that can be programmed to alter their topological connections and form different configurations in order to respond to environmental challenges such as obstacles and unexpected situations. A total of 20 ... |
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| Biological Detection Systems for Electromagnetic Spectral Signatures |
13 MAY 2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Ashley J. Welch; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN DEPT OF BIOMEDICALENGINEERING
|
| An interdisciplinary group of scientists was assembled to examine heat detection by biological systems with the goal of prototyping physical sensors based on the unique mechanisms found in nature. The focus of this research was heat detection systems of snakes and beetles. In conclusion, our evidence strongly supports the hypotheses that receptors in the pit organ of pit vipers are temperature receptors that are spectrally tuned based on the absorptive ... |
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| Evaluation of Chronic Stress Induced Neurodegeneration and Treatment Using and In-Vivo Retinal Model |
MAY 2002 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Heike K. Rentmeiater-Bryant; Randolph Glickman; Andy Tain; Rowe Elliott; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER BROOKS AFB TX BROOKS DETACHMENT
|
| The role of oxidative stress in acute laser-induced retinal injury (and other retinal disease/injury modalities) has been long suspected. This study will determine the effectiveness of the snake eye/Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope model, an in vivo, non- invasive imaging technique, for use as a longitudinal model in the study of neural injury/neurodegenerative disease. This represents a significant refinement of the model, which currently provides the unique ability to observe cellular changes ... |
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| An Automated Differential Blood Count System |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Guclu Ongun; Ugur Halici; Kemal Leblebicioglu; Volkan Atalay; Meral Beksac; MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIV ANKARA (TURKEY) COMPUTER VISION AND NEURAL NETWORKS RESEARCH CENTER
|
 | While the early diagnosis of hematopoietic system disorders is view important in hematology, it is a highly complex and time consuming task. The early diagnosis requires a lot of patients to be followed-up by experts which, in general is in-feasible because of the required number of experts. The differential blood counter (DBC) system that we have developed is an attempt to automate the task performed manually by experts in routine. ... |
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| Breast Cancer Screening Using Photonic Technology |
SEP 2000 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R. Alfano; CITY UNIV OF NEW YORK
|
| The research performed during the current reporting period included: (a) time-sliced and spectroscopic two-dimensional (2-D) near-infrared transillumination imaging of normal and cancerous in vitro human breast tissue specimens; (b) derivation of analytical solutions of the Boltzmann radiative transport equation; and (c) development of theoretical formalism and computer algorithm for three-dimensional (3-D) inverse image reconstruction method using back-propagating light. Images recorded with earlier temporal slices of transmitted light were found to ... |
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| Optical Imaging of Objects in Turbid Medium With Ultrashort Pulses |
JUL 2000 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Chih-Yu Wang; Chia-Wei Sun; C. C. Yang; Yean-Woei Kiang; Chii-Wann Lin; KAOUSHUNG UNIV (TAIWAN) DEPT OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Photons are seriously scattered when entering turbid medium; thus the images of objects hidden in turbid medium can not be obtained by just collecting the transmitted photons. Early-arriving photons, which are also called ballistic or snake photons, are much less scattered when passing through turbid medium, and contains more image information than the late-arriving ones. Therefore, objects embedded in turbid medium can be imaged by gathering the ballistic and snake ... |
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| Changes in Synaptic Transmission Following Bath Application or Microinjection of Phospholipase A2 Neurotoxins in Paired Cholinergic Neurons of Aplysia Buccal Ganglia |
MAY 2000 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
James P. Apland; Mary L. Winfree; J. L. Middlebrook; Clarence A. Broomfield; Margaret G. Filbert; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Taipoxin, crotoxin, and corticotoxin I (C1) were tested to determine the site of action of snake neurotoxins having phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, using cholinergically coupled neurons of buccal ganglia of the marine mollusc Aplysia california. Corticotoxin II (C2), a neurotoxin that lacks PLA2 activity, was also studied. The toxins were bath applied or pressure injected into presynaptic neurons. Resting membrane potentials (RMP), action potentials, and amplitude and time course of ... |
|
| 155-MM Howitzer Malfunction Investigation: A Laboratory Study of the Igniter Train Operation |
NOV 1999 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin J. White; Roger E. Bowman; Ingo W. May; Richard Hartman; Emerson V. Clarke; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| On 20 December 1974, two hangfires occurred in a developmental 155-mm howitzer at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG), MD. The second hangfire was accompanied by a rupturing of the howitzer breech. As a result of this, a laboratory study was initiated to uncover possible causes leading to the malfunction. The study involved testing of various components of the igniter train singly and in various combinations under a ... |
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| X-Ray Crystallographic Studies on Acetylcholinesterase and Related Enzymes |
OCT 1999 |
200 pages |
| Authors:
Joel L. Sussman; I. Silman; WEIZMANN INST OF SCIENCE REHOVOT (ISRAEL)
|
| Work on Torpedo acetylcholinesterase (TcAChE) involving two principal topics: A) Preparation and characterization of aged' and non-aged' organophosphoryl (OP) conjugates. B) Use of time-resolved crystallography in order to understand the mechanism of action of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), as well as the traffic of substrate and products through the active-site gorge. Structural studies on other cholinesterases (ChEs). Homology model building and detailed structural comparison of human, ... |
|
| Integrin Regulation of Apoptosis in Breast Cancer |
JUL 1997 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Dana Hu; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| Using homology PCR and RACE, I cloned a novel gene from breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7. This ADAM protein, which is designated as ADAM::, has the highest homology to the monkey fertilln I. The protein sequence reveals that it constitutes the following domains characteristic of the ADAM proteins: a prodomain that contains the putative cysteine-switch cysteine residue, an active metalloprotease domain as evidenced by the existence of the ... |
|
| Vth Pan American Symposium on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins |
DEC 96 |
247 pages |
| Authors:
Charlotte L. Ownby; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER
|
| This report covers recent work in the areas of snake, plant, microbial and arthro- pod toxins. Presentations on snake toxins include work done on neurotoxins such as B-bungarotoxin and k-neurotoxins, phospholipase A2 myotoxins, anti-muscarinic toxins, metalloproteinases, fibrinolytic enzymes, cardiotoxins, and antihemorrhagic factors. Presentations on plant and microbial toxins include work done on ricin, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, cone snail peptides, sea anemone toxins, proteinase inhibitors and maitotoxin. Presentations on arthropod toxins ... |
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| Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Volume 391. Natual Toxins 2 Structure, Mechanism of Action, and Detection |
SEP 96 |
|
| Authors:
Bal R. Siingh; Anthony T. Tu; SOUTHEASTERN MASSACHUSETTS UNIV NORTH DARTMOUTH
|
| Partial Contents: Marine Natural Products, Diversity in Molecular Structure and Bioactivity Plant Toxins, The Essences of Diversity and a Challenge to Research Overview of Snake Venom, Chemistry Critical Aspects of Bacterial Protein, Toxins Structure and Function of Cobra, Neurotoxin Structure and Function of Cobra Venom Factor, the Complement Activating Protein in Cobra Venom, A Case Study of Cardiotoxin III from the Taiwan Cobra (Naja naja atra): Solution Structure and Other ... |
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| Environmental Assessment for Redman Road Improvements, U.S. Naval Security Group Activity, Sabana Seca, Puerto Rico |
MAR 95 |
110 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND NORFOLK VA ATLANTIC DIV
|
| This is an Environmental Assessment (EA) that discusses the primary environmental issues involved with upgrading Redman Road at the Naval Security Group Activity Sabana Seca and its use as an alternative route for traveling to the Circularly Disposed Antenna Array (EDAA). The EA has been prepared in accordance with the Council on Environmental Quality regulations implementing the National Environmental Policy Act, and Naval Operations Instruction 5090.1 B. Its content is ... |
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| Biological Effects of Aerosolized Venoms in Mice |
95 |
|
| Authors:
Leonard Smith; Bradley Stiles; Ralph Tamariello; James Estep; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Venoms from snakes, scorpions, and bees are a rich source of toxic proteins. Some of these proteins are neurotoxins (presynaptic and postsynaptic), cytotoxins, myotoxins, hemorrhagins, cardiotoxins, and sodium and potassium ion channel toxins with quite unique modes of action. Many venom toxins have been sucessfully cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and possess the same biological activity as the homologous toxins derived from venoms. The lethal effects of many of ... |
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| Motion Control and Planning for Nonholonomic Kinematic Chains |
1995 |
205 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitrios P. Tsakiris; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK INST FOR SYSTEMS RESEARCH
|
| In this dissertation we examine a class of systems where nonholonomic kinematic constraints are combined with periodic shape variations, giving rise to a snake-like undulating motion of the system. Within this class, we distinguish two subclasses, one where the system possesses enough kinematic constraints to allow the control of its motion to be based entirely on kinematics and another which does not; in the latter case, the dynamics plays a ... |
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| Amplified Assays for C. botulinum Neurotoxins and Antibodies to the Same. Phase 2 |
07 OCT 1994 |
|
| Authors:
George J. Doellgast; G. A. Beard; ELCATECH INC WINSTON SALEM NC
|
| In this project, an amplified immunoassay system was developed which was able to detect Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins A, B, E and F at concentrations of less than 10 pg/ml. The core technology was the use of a snake venom enzyme which activates coagulation as a conjugate for antibodies coupled with a solid-phase coagulation assay known as ELCA. Several distinct protocols were developed to perform the assays, including standard 'sandwich' assays ... |
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| Dynamic Coupling of Underactuated Manipulators |
AUG 94 |
|
| Authors:
Marcel Bergerman; Christopher Lee; Yangsheng Xu; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA ROBOTICS INST
|
| In recent years, researchers have been turning their attention to so called underactuated systems, where the term underactuated refers to the fact that the system has more joints than control actuators. Some examples of underactuated systems are robot manipulators with failed actuators; free- floating space robots, where the base can be considered as a virtual passive linkage in inertia space; legged robots with passive joints; hyper-redundant (snake- like) robots with ... |
|
| Involvement of Lipid Metabolism in the Action of Phospholipase A2 Neurotoxins |
03 DEC 93 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E. Fletcher; HAHNEMANN UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Presynaptically-acting neurotoxins (PSNTXs) from snake venom irreversibly stimulate acetylcholine (ACh) release from and inhibit choline uptake into synaptosomes, with rat synaptosomes affected by more toxins than those from mice. The inclusion of BSA in the incubation medium at the time of toxin expose has allowed a clear distinction to be made between nonPSNTX phospholipases A2 (PLA2s) and the PSNTXs in synaptosome preparations. The stimulation of ACh release by scutoxin and ... |
|
| Variations of Time-to-Incapacitation and Carboxyhemoglobin Values in Rats Exposed to Two Carbon Monoxide Concentrations |
MAY 93 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Donald C. Sanders; Boyd R. Endecott; Roxane M. Ritter; Arvind K. Chaturvedi; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| It has been suggested that passenger protective breathing equipment protect aircraft passengers from smoke for 5 min during an evacuation phase and for 35 min during an in-flight-plus-evacuation phase. Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most abundant smoke components and is the major threat in most fire atmospheres. Time-to-incapacitation (ti) is an end-point related to escape from a fire, and variations in ti measurements at specific CO concentrations have ... |
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| Involvement of Lipid Metabolism in the Action of Phospholipase A2 Neurotoxins |
15 APR 92 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E. Fletcher; HAHNEMANN UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| A number of potent presynaptically-acting neurotoxins (PSNTXs) from snake venom were examined as regards the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in altering acetylcholine (ACh) release and choline (Ch) uptake. Also, the effects of PSNTXs and snake venom cardiotoxins (CTXs) on Ca2+ metabolism and activation of tissue lipolysis were examined. The inclusion of BSA in the incubation medium at the time of toxin expose has allowed a clear distinction to ... |
|
| A Core Facility for the Study of Neurotoxins of Biological Origin |
15 FEB 92 |
|
| Authors:
Lance L. Simpson; JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLL PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MEDICINE
|
| Studies have been done on the variety of toxins that affect the nervous system. The toxins of major interest have been dendrotoxin, tetrotoxin, saxitoxin, botulinum neurotoxin, tetanus toxin and crotoxin. Experiments have been conducted mainly on three types of tissue preparations: (1) brain synaptosomes, (2) phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm and (3) cells grown in tissue culture, including neuroblastoma cells and adrenal medullary tumor cells. The major accomplishments have been: (1) isolation of ... |
|
| Structure-Function Relationship of Hydrophiidae Postsynaptic Neurotoxins |
18 SEP 90 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony T. Tu; COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| Lapemis toxin, from sea snake venom (Lapemis hardwickii), binds tightly and specifically to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) inhibiting neuromuscular transmission and results in muscular paralysis. Although many neurotoxins have been isolated from snake venoms, their exact mode of binding to the AChR is still unclear. Use of Lapemis toxin has an advantage for structure-functions studies because the exact amino acid sequence is known. Chemical modification study of which of ... |
|
| Effect of Drugs on the Lethality in Mice of the Venoms and Neurotoxins from Sundry Snakes |
10 JUL 90 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Richard D. Crosland; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Effect of several drugs on the lethality in mice of venoms and neurotoxins from sundry snakes, Toxicon, 19. I investigated efficacy of ten drugs with respect to reducing the lethality in mice of some or all of the following venoms and their respective neurotoxins: Bungarus caeruleus venom, Bungarus multicinctus venom and alpha beta-ungarotoxin and Beta-bungarotoxin, Crotalus durissus terrificus venom and crotoxin, Notechis scutatus scutatus venom, and Oxyuranus scutellatus venom and ... |
|
| A Core Facility for the Study of Neurotoxins of Biological Origin |
15 JUN 90 |
88 pages |
| Authors:
Lance L. Simpson; JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLL PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MEDICINE
|
| Studies have been done on the variety of toxins that affect the nervous system. The toxins of major interest have been dendrotoxin, tetrotoxin, saxitoxin, botulinum neurotoxin, tetanus toxin and crotoxin. Experiments have been conducted mainly on three types of tissue preparations: (i) brain synaptosomes, (ii) phrenic nerve hemidiaphragm and (iii) cells grown in tissue culture, including neuroblastoma cells and adrenal medullary tumor cells. The major accomplishments have been: (i) isolation ... |
|
| Cloning, Characterization, and Expression of Animal Toxin Genes for Vaccine Development |
27 APR 90 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard A. Smith; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Gene libraries have been constructed from the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) isolated from venom glands of different poisonous animals such as snakes, scorpions, and snails. The gene banks thus created contain recombinant clones harboring DNA sequences encoding toxins with various pharmacological activities, ranging from myonecrosis-inducing to those affecting neuronal transmission. A number of these clones have been isolated and characterized, and gene expression has been attempted with limited success in ... |
|
| Detection and Identification of Vipera Russelli Venom |
JAN 90 |
|
| Authors:
Shahnaz Siddiqui; Yunus M. Siddiqui; Johathan P. Wong; A. R. Bhatti; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELD RALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| The highly sensitive fluorogenic Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (FELISA) has been adapted for the detection and identification of Vipera russelli venom. The assay sensitivity was observed to be 10 to the minus 13th power g ml to the (-1) power. Venoms from snakes of the Vipera group exhibited a high degree of cross reactivity when tested with the anti-body raised against V. russelli venom. With the exception of venom from Naja ... |
|
| Cloning and Nucleotide Sequences of Crotamine Genes |
24 MAY 89 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard A. Smith; James J. Schmidt; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Cloning and nucleotide sequences of crotamine genes. A cDNA library containing snake toxin genes was constructed in bacteriophage lambda by using MRNA isolated from the glands of the South American Rattlesnake, Crotalus durissus terrificus. The first high-density screening of 400,000 plaques for crotamine-containing genes yielded over 800 positives when a labeled cDNA probe with sequence homology to crotamine was used. Four of these clones with insert sizes from 270 to ... |
|
| Western Immunoblot Analysis of Twenty-One Snake Venoms from Three Snake Families |
MAY 89 |
|
| Authors:
Bradley J. Berger; A. R. Bhatti; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELD RALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| Snake venom components antigenically similar to those found in Vipera russelli venom was investigated across a wide spectrum of species. A polyvalent antiserum against Vipera russelli venom was raised in rabbits, and used in Western immunoblotting to probe nitrocellulose filters that held SDS-PAGE-size- separated snake venom proteins from twenty one different species, ranging from other Vipera spp. to Naja spp. It was found tht all species, even those distantly related ... |
|
| Ox Mountain Sanitary Landfill Apanolio Canyon Expansion Site, San Mateo County, California. Volume 2. Appendix |
APR 89 |
414 pages |
| Authors:
HARDING-LAWSON ASSOCIATES NOVATO CA
|
| Plants Observed in Apanolio Canyon; Animals Expected or Observed in Apanolio Canyon; Marbled Murrelet Survey; Review of Available Scientific Information on Six Candidate Insects; Update on Status of Candidate Insects; Apanolio Canyon Sensitive Plant Investigation; Fisheries Resources of Upper Apanolio, Benthic Invertebrate Survey of Apanolio, Corinda Los Trancos, and Pilarcitos Creeks, San Mateo County, California; Streamflows and Velocity of Flows at the Bongard diversion Dam in Apanolio Canyon; A Spring ... |
|
| Structure-Function Relationship of Hydrophiidae Postsynaptic Neurotoxins |
30 MAR 89 |
|
| Authors:
Anthony T. Tu; COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| Sea snake (Family: Hydrophiidae) venom is known to contain postsynaptic neurotoxin that binds to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR). The detailed mechanism of neurotoxin-AChR binding is still unclear. Our goal is to elucidate the structure-function relationship of neurotoxin and acetylcholine receptor binding. For this purpose we set up several specific aims: To determine the primary structure of several major and minor quantity toxins. To determine the role of arginine residues in ... |
|
| Snake Venom Components and Their Cross Reactivity: A Short Review |
OCT 88 |
|
| Authors:
Bradley J. Berger; Abdul R. Bhatti; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELD RALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| Snake venoms are complex mixtures of organic and inorganic compounds, many of which exhibit biological activity. It has been demonstrated that antisera raised against a single purified venom protein form one species of snake will react with proteins in the venom of other species. This cross- reactivity between species may have evolutionary applications, but recent studies on the variability of venom components within a species make these evolutionary conclusions questionable. ... |
|
| Natural Toxins. Characterization, Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Proceedings of the World Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins (9th) Held in Stillwater, Oklahoma on 31 July - 5 August 1988 |
AUG 88 |
219 pages |
| Authors:
Charlotte L. Ownby; George V. Odell; OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER
|
| This book: 'Natural Toxins Characterization, Pharmacology and Therapeutics' contains pages presented at the 9th World Congress on Animal, Plant and Microbial Toxins, held in Stillwater, Oklahoma, on August 1988. Partial Contents include: Overview of Toxins; Freshwater Cyanobacteria (blue- green algae) Toxins; Mycotoxins; The Identification, Metabolism and Toxicity Associated with the Macrocyclic Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; Interactions of Toxins with Ion Channels; The Molecular Pharmacology of Toxins That Modify Voltage- Gated Sodium Channels; ... |
|
| Effect of Chlorpromazine on the Toxicity in Mice of the Venoms and Neurotoxins from Various Snakes |
26 JUL 88 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Richard D. Crosland; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD PATHOLOGY DIV
|
| I determined the efficacy of chlorpromazine with respect to reducing the toxicity in mice of Bungarus caeruleus venom, Bungarus multicinctus venom and its neurotoxic components alpha-bungarotoxin and beta-bungarotoxin, Crotalus durissus terrificus venom and its neurotoxic component crotoxin; and Oxyuranus scutellatus venom and its neurotoxic component taipoxin. Venom or toxin was administered followed immediately by injection of chlorpromazine. The effect of chlorpromazine on lethality caused by the venom or toxin was ... |
|
| Effects of oligo-PGB on Inflammation and Infectious Diseases |
28 JUN 88 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Roger M. Loria; Richard C. Franson; William Regelson; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| The results have establish in-vivo the anti-inflammatory effects of oligo-PGB(Prostaglandin B). The biochemical data, provide a fundamental understanding of how oligo-PGB can protect various cells and organ systems from injury by focusing on biochemical events at the level of the cell membrane. The in vitro studies illustrating anti-lipolytic and anti-oxidant activities of oligo-PGB, and the confirmation of these effects on cellular signal and transduction events as measured by depressed arachidonate ... |
|
| Effect of Chloroquine on the Toxicity in Mice of the Venom and Neurotoxins from the Snake Bungarus multicinctus |
08 OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
Richard D. Crosland; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Antivenoms are the currently available agents for treatment of snake venom intoxication in humans. The development of therapeutic strategies employing more generally available drugs could improve treatment of invenomation by reducing hypersensitive reactions, cost and storage requirements. I report that chloroquine reduced the toxicity in mice of the venom and drug were administered krait, Bungarus multicinctus, when both venom and drug were administered i.p. When chloroquine was injected immediately after ... |
|
| China Report, Science and Technology |
29 APR 1987 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Partial Contents: NATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS - Better Treatment of Scientists, Educators Urged; S&T, Education Reforms Discussed; Official Urges Relaxation of S&T Policy for Independent Units; PHYSICAL SCIENCES - Plane Tiling With Convex Pentagons; Micelle Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Quantities of Zirconium With n-Undecylfluorone, Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide; APPLIED SCIENCES - LINC System Fourth Generation Programming Language; Search, Memory Methods To Find Shortest Path; Utility Program for Chinese-Character Files Developed on PDP-ll RSX-llM System; ... |
|
| Mass-Screening of Curarimimetic Neurotoxin Antagonists |
15 FEB 87 |
|
| Authors:
Jakob Schmidt; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| The present search for antidotes of curarimimetic neurotoxins is based on the premise that these toxins are considerably larger than the neurotransmitter acetylcholilne, and that therefore the toxin binding site on the receptor must comprise elements other than the acetylcholine site itself. Consequently toxin antagonists can be envisaged which prevent toxin binding and action, without being themselves activators or inhibitors of the receptors. We have obtained evidence that several nontoxic ... |
|
| Gas-Phase Protein Sequenator |
JUN 84 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
Randy V. Lewis; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| The major research conducted with this machine has been the proposed characterization of opioid and non-opioid peptides secreted by the adrenal medulla. To date the sequencer has run 110 samples of which 75 have been adrenal medullary peptides. The other samples have been snake toxins, immunoglobulin fragments, photolabeled fragments of carnitine acetyl-transferase, and several single samples from a variety of investigators. Keywords: Proteins, Gas phase, Sequences. (sdw) |
|
| Bibliography of Venomous and Poisonous Marine Animals and Their Toxins |
FEB 1984 |
425 pages |
| Authors:
F. E. Russell; H. Gonzalez; S. B. Dobson; J. A. Coats; ATTENDING STAFF ASSOCIATION OF LAC/USC MEDICAL CENTER LOS ANGELES CA
|
| This bibliography includes a list of the titles and citations of most of the papers on the subject of venomous and poisonous marine organisms and their toxins published before 1981. It contains 6,779 citations listed by major phyletic group (principally by phylum). Also included is an author index. |
|
| Structural Models of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Its Toxin-Binding Sites |
20 MAR 1981 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
H. R. Guy; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
|
| The Application of a Snake Venom Anticoagulant Enzyme in Burn Therapy. |
30 JUN 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Francis S. Markland Jr; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| Crotalase, the thrombin-like enzyme from Eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus), has been purified to homogeneity. This was shown by chromatographic and electrophoretic patterns of the enzyme. A single band was observed on SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight was estimated to be about 33,000 by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100 and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight determined from amino acid composition was shown to be 30,334. However, ... |
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| Toxicity and Treatment of Sea Snake Envenomation, |
JUN 1978 |
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| Authors:
James A. Vick; George V. Pickwell; OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL (ARMY) WASHINGTON D C
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| In recent years, increasing interest has been directed to the sea snakes of the family Hydrophidae with special attention to their behavior, general biology, and the chemical nature of their venoms. Perhaps the greatest current interest in sea snakes lies in the probability of one species, Pelamis platurus (the yellow bellied sea snake), being an early immigrant into the Caribbean Sea from the Pacific Ocean when a Middle American sea-level ... |
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| Binding of Alpha-Bungarotoxin to Single Identified Neurons of 'Aplysia' which have Different Ionic Responses to Acetylcholine, |
SEP 1976 |
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| Authors:
W. G. Shain Jr.; L. A. Greene; D. O. Carpenter; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
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| Identifiable Aplysia neurons have one or more of three different ionic responses to acetylcholine, due to Na, Cl, and K conductance increases, respectively. The nature of the acetylcholine receptor mediating these three responses was studied using alpha-bungarotoxin. All three physiologic responses are blocked by alpha-bungarotoxin and I(125) alpha-bungarotoxin binds saturably to single neurons dissected from the ganglia. The apparent dissociation constant for I(125) alpha-bungarotoxin binding is not significantly different in ... |
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| Effects of Eserine and Neostigmine on the Interaction of Alpha-Bungarotoxin with 'Aplysia' Acetylcholine Receptors. |
MAY 1976 |
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| Authors:
D. O. Carpenter; L. A. Greene; W. G. Shain Jr.; Z. Vogel; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
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| Binding of 125 I a-bungarotoxin to acetylcholine receptors of a ganglionic homogenate of the marine mollusc Aplysia is blocked by the anticholinesterases eserine and neostigmine. Eserine and neostigmine also block toxin binding to a solubilized receptor preparation. Unlike their relative potency in blocking toxin binding, neostigmine is a more potent inhibitor of Aplysia acetylcholinesterase than is eserine. alpha-Bungarotoxin does not affect esterase activity or interfere with the ability of eserine ... |
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| Purification and Biochemical Characterization of a Beta-Bungarotoxin. |
MAY 1976 |
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| Authors:
G. S. Tobias; M. A. Donlon; W. G. Shain Jr.; G. N. Catravas; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
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| A chromatographic procedure is described for the separation of the neurotoxic proteins in Bungarus multicinctus venom. The most positively charged toxic protein isolated was examined for purity, molecular weight, amino acid composition and toxicity. Nine protein peaks were isolated from the crude venom by column chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-25. Peak IX (Beta-IX), the most electropositive protein peak, ran as a single band on pH 4.3 and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. ... |
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| Sea Snake Antivenin and Experimental Envenomation Therapy. |
AUG 1975 |
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| Authors:
James A. Vick; Jurgen von Bredow; Marie M. Grenan; George V. Pickwell; EDGEWOOD ARSENAL ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Employing pure strain (albino female mice), the authors tested the efficacy of commercial sea snake antivenin against the venoms of Laticauda laticaudata, L. semifasciata, and Pelamis platurus. The antivenin proved effective to a varying degree against all 3 venoms. In tests using 5 different lots of sea snake antivenin ranging in age from a few months to 8 years, all lots were found to strong antidotal capabilities against the 3 ... |
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