| Improving Recovery from Catastrophic Bone Injuries: An Animal Model for Assessing the Bone Reparative Potential of Progenitor Cell Therapy |
Aug-2009 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
David W Rowe; Douglas Adams; Dong-Guk Shin; Lisa Kuhn; Mei Wei; Jay Lieberman; CONNECTICUT UNIV HEALTH CENTER FARMINGTON
|
 | During the second year of this award, we have implemented three different models of skeletal repair that can be used to assess different strategies of progenitor cells, scaffolds and host preparation used to heal a critical sized defect. GFP reporters harbored in the mice that are used in the models provide a cellular explanation for the outcome and image analytical techniques afford an objective quantization of the results. Continued efforts ... |
|
| Analysis of p21-Activated Kinase Function in Neurofibromatosis Type 2 |
Jan-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan Chernoff; INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RESEARCH PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| The NF2 product, Merlin, has recently been shown to inhibit p21-activated kinases (Paks), enzymes known to activate cell cycle progression and to induce changes in the actin cytoskeleton. These findings suggest that loss of Pak function might inhibit the abnormal growth and/or movement of cells lacking Merlin. We had proposed two aims: to test if loss of all Pak function affects signaling in NF2-/- cells and to test if Paks ... |
|
| Development of Osseointegrated Implants for Soldier Amputees Following Orthopaedic Extremity Trauma |
Aug-2008 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Roy D Bloebaum; WESTERN INST FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH SALT LAKE CITY UT
|
| The goal of this research program is to develop safe and efficacious osseointegrated implants that can be implanted into our warrior amputees who have limited residual limb length, extensive heterotopic ossification or difficulty with socket suspension type systems, leaving them with a non-functional limb or limbs. The new technology is to assure skin attachment at the percutaneous site, where the implant exits the skin, to prevent infection. Strategies explored in ... |
|
| CDK5 as a Therapeutic Target in Prostate Cancer Metastasis |
JAN 2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Barry D. Nelkin; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| We have recently found that CDK5 is active in prostate cancer cell lines and in almost all human metastatic prostate cancers, and inhibition of CDK5 activity resulted in reduction of spontaneous metastases by 79%. This suggests that CDK5 is a novel potential therapeutic target to limit prostate cancer metastasis. Based on our finding that CDK5 activity is present in prostate cancer and is important for metastasis, we intend to develop ... |
|
| Molecular Genetic Studies of Bone Mechanical Strain and of Pedigrees with Very High Bone Density |
NOV 2007 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Subburaman Mohan; LOMA LINDA VETERANS ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION REDLANDS CA
|
| The primary goal of the proposed work on bone mechanical strain focuses on identifying the genes and their functions involved in mediating the anabolic skeletal response to mechanical stress. Two hypotheses have been proposed: I) Quantitative trait loci analysis using the four point bending technique in two strains of mice exhibiting extreme differences in loading response will lead to identification of chromosomal locations of genes involved in variation in skeletal ... |
|
| Geochemistry of Slow-Growing Corals: Reconstructing Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and the North Atlantic Oscillation |
JUN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Nathalie F. Goodkin; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
 | A 225-year old coral from the south-shore of Bermuda (64CW, 32CN) provides a record of decadal-to-centennial scale climate variability. The high accretion rates, longevity, and skeletal growth bands found in coral skeletons make them an ideal resource for well-dated, seasonal climate reconstructions. Coral skeletons incorporate strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) in relative proportions inversely to the sea surface temperature (SST) in which the skeleton is secreted. Delta(exp 18)O of the ... |
|
| Enhancing Quality of Life for Breast Cancer Patients with Bone Metastases |
01 MAR 2007 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Sarah A. Arrington; Matthew J. Allen; Timothy A. Damron; Kenneth A. Mann; SYRACUSE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION NY
|
| The skeleton is the most common site of metastasis for women with advanced stage breast cancer (5, 8, 22). Severe osteolysis that is often associated with this stage of the disease can lead to skeletal related events such as pathological fracture severe bone pain and hypocalcaemia. The current standard of care for treating osteolytic bone metastases includes palliating bone pain through radiation therapy and blocking ongoing osteoclastic bone resorption with ... |
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| Enhanced Androgen Signaling With Androgen Receptor Overexpression in the Osteoblast Lineage Controls Skeletal Turnover, Matrix Quality and Bone Architecture |
DEC 2006 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Kristine M. Wiren; Karl Jepsen; OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIV PORTLAND
|
| Androgens have been shown to be important mediators of bone growth and remodeling independent of estrogen. We genetically engineered transgenic mice in which androgen receptor (AR) overexpression is skeletally targeted in two separate models to better understand the role of androgen signaling directly in bone. The central hypothesis of this proposal is that AR transactivation in the osteoblast lineage provides key regulatory signals that influence the progression of osteoblast differentiation ... |
|
| Bone Growth, Mechanical Stimulus and IGF-1 |
01 OCT 2006 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Vicente Gilsanz; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES CA
|
| The purpose of this study was to assess the potential for brief periods of low magnitude high frequency mechanical stimulation signals in the musculoskeletal system. The major findings were that short bouts of extremely low-level mechanical signals, several orders of magnitude below that associated with vigorous exercise, increased bone and muscle mass in the weight bearing skeleton of young adult females with low bone density. Ultimately, this information could be ... |
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| Bone Geometry as a Predictor of Tissue Fragility and Stress Fracture Risk |
OCT 2006 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Karl J. Jepsen; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| Having a narrow tibia relative to body mass has been shown to be a major predictor of stress fracture risk and fragility. The reason for this phenomenon is not understood. Based on studies of genetically distinct inbred mouse strains, we found a reciprocal relationship between bone mass and bone quality, such that slender bones are associated with more damageable bone tissue. We postulate that a similar reciprocal relationship between bone ... |
|
| Unique Proteins Expressed by Blood Vessels in Skeletal Sites Colonized by Breast Cancer Cells |
AUG 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Carol V. Gay; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| This study focuses on identifying differences in the vasculature in the ends of long bones where breast cancer cells tend to lodge, as compared to the vasculature of the central marrow cavity. We developed a method to isolate highly pure populations of both cell types. We found differences in mRNA using microarray analysis and confirmed the data by RT-PCR. The bone-derived cells express five messages in greater abundance P2-fold or ... |
|
| Bone Sialoproteins and Breast Cancer Detection |
JUL 2006 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Neal S. Fedarko; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| We have been studying a family of proteins that we have termed SIBLINGs for Small Integrin Binding Llgand N-linked Glycoproteins that share similar structural domains human chromosomal location normal synthesis by skeletal tissue and abnormal expression by neoplasms . The goal of our research is to test whether SIBLINGs might be informative markers for breast cancer detection. To accomplish this goal we have developed competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for ... |
|
| Evaluation of Novel Agents Which Target Neovasculature of Breast Tumors |
APR 2006 |
217 pages |
| Authors:
Michael G. Rosenblum; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| The unique fusion toxin VEGF121/rGel specifically kills both log-phase and confluent vascular endothelial cells expressing the KOR receptor for VEGF (PNAS 99:7866 2002). We have discovered 22 unique genes consistently up-regulated in endothelial cells treated with VEGF121/rGel (confirmed by Western and RT-PCR). VEGF121/rGel (i.v.) treatment against an orthotopic breast model resulted in significant delay of tumor growth by 50%. In addition tumors completely regressed in 3/6 (50%) of treated mice. ... |
|
| Enhancing Bone Accretion Using Short Duration, Low-Level Mechanical Vibrations |
OCT 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Stefan Judex; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| The etiology of the stress fracture syndrome is incompetely understood but it is clear that skeletons with high peak bone quantity and quality will be better pretected against incurring this crippling condition. In our one-year report, the ability of low-level whole body vibrations to decrease the levels of osteoclastic resorption and to enhance osteoblastic activity in the adolescent mouse skeleton, in the absence of detrimental side-effects on growth or the ... |
|
| Dietary Fish Oil in Reducing Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer |
Sep-2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT HOUSTON
|
| We hypothesized that fish oil will be inhibitory for bone metastasis of breast cancer cells. For the successful formulation of a novel therapeutic supplement using fish oil diet, the molecular mechanism of fish oil action needs to be determined. We report three novel findings in our annual report for this proposal towards the mechanism of action of fish oil: fish oil or pi-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (1) increase the ... |
|
| Bone Sialoproteins and Breast Cancer Detection |
JUL 2005 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Neal S. Fedarko; JOHN HOPKINS UNIV BETHESDA MD OPERATIONS RESEARCH OFFICE
|
| We have been studying a family of proteins that we have termed SIBLINGs for Small Integrin Binding Ligand N-linked Glycoproteins, that share similar structural domains, human chromosomal location, normal synthesis by skeletal tissue, and abnormal expression by neoplasms. The goal of our research is to test whether SIBLINGs might be informative markers for breast cancer detection. To accomplish this goal we have developed competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the ... |
|
| Molecular Genetic Studies of Bone Mechanical Strain and of Pedigrees with Very High Bone Density |
JUN 2005 |
134 pages |
| Authors:
Subburaman Mohan; LOMA LINDA VETERANS ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CA
|
| The primary goal of the proposed work on bone mechanical strain focuses on identifying the genes and their functions involved in mediating the anabolic skeletal response to mechanical stress. Two hypotheses have been proposed:1) Ouantitative trait loci analysis using the four point bending technique in two strains of mice exhibiting extreme differences in loading response will lead to identification of chromosomal locations of genes involved in variation in skeletal response ... |
|
| Prostate Cancer Skeletal Metastases: Pathobiology and Interventions |
FEB 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Evan T. Keller; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| Prostate cancer skeletal metastases are considered osteoblastic; however, histopathological examination usually reveals underlying osteoclastic activity (reviewed in 1). A key molecule required for induction of osteoclastic activity is receptor activator of NFkB ligand (KANKL). RANKL activity is opposed by osteoprotegerin (OPG). Thus, the balance of RANKL and OPG in the prostate cancer tissue may regulate the overall phenotype of the metastatic lesion. We have determined that prostate cancer cells express ... |
|
| A Wavelet-Based Generalization of the Multifractal Formalism from Scalar to Vector Valued D-Dimensional Random Fields: From Theoretical Concepts to Experimental Applications |
07 JAN 2005 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
P. Kestener; A. Arneodo; ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE LYON (FRANCE)
|
| ASSESSMENT: WTMM multifractal analysis moving towards vector fields; OUTLOOK: Better understanding of the information embedded in the WT tensor; Identification of coherent structures in turbulence using WT tensor's smallest singular value: vorticity filaments or sheets; Other applications include astrophysics (interstellar medium, interstellar turbulence), MHD, geophysics, etc. |
|
| Molecular Genetic and Gene Therapy Studies of the Musculoskeletal System |
OCT 2004 |
256 pages |
| Authors:
David J. Baylink; Subburaman Mohan; LOMA LINDA VETERANS ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CA
|
| The primary goal of the proposed work is to apply several state of the art molecular genetic and gene therapy technologies to address fundamental questions in bone biology with a particular emphasis on attempting: l)to clarify gene functions of the those genes that are involved in the musculoskeletal system; and 2)to promote rapid healing and eventually regeneration of soft and hared tissues using appropriate animal models. To discover novel genes ... |
|
| Treatment of Primary and Metastatic Breast Cancer by an Armed Replicating Adenoviral Vector |
OCT 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Joanne T. Douglas; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| Oncolytic replication-selective adenoviruses are a new class of anticancer agents with great therapeutic potential. The ability of replication- selective viruses to amplify the initial viral dose has been exploited by engineering oncolytic adenoviruses to deliver therapeutic transgenes. In this Exploration Award, we are testing the concept that an oncolytic adenovirus can be armed with a therapeutic gene that will exert a systemic effect in the treatment of breast cancer. Breast ... |
|
| Enhancing Bone Accretion Using Short-Duration, Low-Level Mechanical Vibrations |
OCT 2004 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Stefan Judex; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| The etiology of the stress fractyre syndrome is incompetely understood but it is clear that skeletons with high peak bone quantity and quality will be better pretected against incurring this crippling condition. Here, we investigated whether extremely small magnitude (0.3g) but high- frequency (45Hz) mechanical vibrations can alter indices of bone formation, bone resorption, and bone morphology in the growing mouse sksleton. Eight-week-old male BALB/cByJ mice were divided into (1) ... |
|
| Bone Sialoproteins and Breast Cancer Detection |
JUL 2004 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Neal S. Fedarko; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| We have been studying a family of proteins that we have termed SIBLINGs for Small Integrin Binding LIgand N-linked Glycoproteins, that share similar structural domains, human chromosomal location, normal synthesis by skeletal tissue, and abnormal expression by neoplasms. The goal of the our research is to test whether SIBLINGs might be informative markers for breast cancer detection. To accomplish this goal we have developed competitive enzyme- linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) ... |
|
| Overuse Injury Assessment Model |
FEB 2004 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
James H. Stuhmiller; JAYCOR SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The aim of the present research is to equip our military leaders with knowledge and software tools which better assist them in the design of boot camp training regimens. More specifically, our research enhances of the state-of-the- art in bone overuse injury prediction. A significant part of our effort is geared towards the prediction and analysis of skeletal strain fields which result during a specific pattern of locomotion and for ... |
|
| Bone Geometry as a Predictor of Tissue Fragility and Stress Fracture Risk |
OCT 2003 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Karl J. Jepsen; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| Having a narrow tibia relative to body mass has been shown to be a major predictor of stress fracture risk and fragility. The reason for this phenomenon is not understood. Based on studies of genetically distinct inbred mouse strains, we found a reciprocal relationship between bone mass and bone quality, such that slender bones are associated with more damageable bone tissue. We postulate that a similar reciprocal relationship between bone ... |
|
| Changes in Trace and Minor Constituents and Associated Micro-architecture of Montastrea faveolata during Time of Stress |
Sep-2003 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Charles W Holmes; Noreen A Buster; James E Sorauf; J H Hudson; Cynthia Kester; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY SAINT PETERSBURG FL
|
| As corals grow, they secrete a calcareous skeleton with the aid of photosynthetic activity of endosymbiotic dinoflagellates. The rate of this secretion varies annually which produces annual bands. Entrapped with the carbonate are trace substances that record the chemistry of the surrounding ocean. Detailing these changes in chemistry requires careful high-resolution sampling. New procedures involving laser ablation inductive couple plasma mass spectroscopy (LA-ICP/MS) provides a unique method that does not ... |
|
| Molecular Genetic Studies of Bone Mechanical Strain and of Pedigrees with Very High Bone Density |
JUN 2003 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
David J. Baylink; LOMA LINDA VETERANS ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION CA
|
| Our past studies have revealed that the bone formation response to physical activity is genetically regulated. During this grant period, we have devised the means to study the genes responsible for this genetic regulation in in-bred strains of mice. These genes are of utmost importance because of their potential effects on all living humans. These studies in mice will be complimented by in vitro studies that have provided exciting information ... |
|
| Mechanisms for Controlling Breast Cancer Growth and Skeletal Metastasis |
JUN 2003 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| The aim of this project was to understand the role and the mechanism of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2, a protein mainly known to help in bone remodeling) in breast cancer cell growth and bone metastasis. To this end we have conclusively shown that BMP-2 is a potent inhibitor of breast cancer cell growth in a nude mouse xenograft model. We have also been successful in establishing an animal model to ... |
|
| Peptide-Mediated Transduction of Proteins and Nucleic Acids to Prevent and Treat Experimental Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2003 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Janey D. Whalen; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| Our goal in this project is to prevent the occurrence of bone metastasis in early experimental prostate cancer using protein transduction: the ability of small peptides to facilitate the entry of large biologically active fusion protein cargos into cells. The hypothesis to be tested is that protein transduction can deliver therapeutic proteins to skeletal tissues and bone marrow in such a manner that they may facilitate the apoptotic, or programmed ... |
|
| PSA Converts Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein (PTHrP) from an Osteolytic to an Osteoblastic Factor: Role in Bone Metastasis |
DEC 2002 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Chirgwin; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| Two factors produced in abundance by prostate cancers are prostate- specific antigen PSA and parathyroid hormone- related protein PTHrP the latter is a major cause of osteolytic bone destruction, but the bone metastases in prostate cancer patients are usually osteoblastic, New data explain this paradox, PSA is a protease that cuts PTHrP into small fragments which cause new bone formation by binding to the endothelin receptor. Thus, PSA converts PTHrP ... |
|
| Bone Geometry as a Predictor of Tissue Fragility and Stress Fracture Risk |
OCT 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Karl J. Jepsen; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| Having a narrow tibia relative to body mass has been shown to be a major predictor of stress fracture risk and fragility. The reason for this phenomenon is not understood. Based on studies of genetically distinct inbred mouse strains, we found a reciprocal relationship between bone mass and bone quality, such that slender bones are associated with more damageable bone tissue. We postulate that a similar reciprocal relationship between bone ... |
|
| Mechanism for Controlling Breast Cancer Growth and Skeletal Metastasis |
JUN 2002 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Nandini Glosh-Choudhury; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| The effect of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) on breast cancer cell growth was not known at the time of our study. During past three years we systematically investigated the role of BMP-2 on human breast cancer cell growth and the underlying mechanism. The aim was to identify novel therapeutic application for BMP-2 in breast cancer cell growth inhibition. We showed that BMP-2 inhibits the growth of both estradiol-sensitive (MCF-7) and ... |
|
| Genetics of Bone Mineralization and Morphology in Inbred Mice: Analysis of the HcB/Dem Recombinant Congenic Strains |
APR 2002 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D. Blank; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| Susceptibility to osteoporotic fractures varies widely with genetic factors accounting for 50% of this variation. Fracture risk is determined by peak bone mass and skeletal morphology achieved in young adulthood and the rate and extent of bone loss thereafter. This work will analyze the genetics of the first of these components through the use of recombinant congenic mice. We have demonstrated that the 27 HcB/Dem strains differ significantly in a ... |
|
| Developing Bio-Stable and Biodegradable Composites for Tissue Replacement and Tissue Regeneration |
APR 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Min Wang; HONG KONG POLYTECHNIC UNIV JOCKEY CLUB REHABILITATION ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| Bone is the substantial unit of human skeletal system, which supports the body and its movement. At the ultra-structure level, the bone matrix is a composite material consisting of bone mineral particles, which are mainly substituted, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite, and collagen, which is a natural polymer. Bone serves as the template for developing bone replacement materials. Research on biomaterials analogous to bone was started in the early 1 98Os by incorporating ... |
|
| Targeted Antibody Inhibition of Bone Metastases by Prostate Cancer |
FEB 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
XiuHua Sun; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| Metastasis to bone is a major cause of morbidity from prostate cancer. - Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is expressed by prostate cancer cells and stimulates osteoclasts. My project was to test whether an antibody against PTHrP will block prostate cancer metastasis to bone. I cloned the light and heavy chain cDNAs from a hybridoma, which secretes a PTHrP- neutralizing antibody which blocks breast cancer metastasis to bone but is untested ... |
|
| Long-Term Follow-Up of Class II Adults Treated with Orthodontic Camouflage: A Comparison with Orthognathic Surgery Outcomes |
2002 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Colin A. Mihalik; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| Thirty-one adults who had been treated with orthodontics alone for Class II malocclusion were recalled at >5 years post-treatment, for evaluation of cephalometric and occlusal stability and satisfaction with treatment outcomes. These were compared to similar data for long-term outcomes in patients who had surgical correction. Small mean changes in skeletal landmark positions did occur long-term, but were in general much smaller than in the surgery patients. The percentage of ... |
|
| Towards a Multi-Level Modeling Approach for Reconstruction Application to Medical Data |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
J. L. Mari; J. Sequeira; UNIVERSITE DE LA MEDITERRANEE MARSEILLE (FRANCE) LAB D'INFORMATIQUE DE MARSEILLES
|
| This paper introduces a new modeling approach we call multi-level, which is well adapted to smooth objects coming from medical data. We believe in the importance of taking into account the global and the local characterization of an object, within a single model, Our model takes advantage of implicit surfaces with skeletons to represent the shape globally. Successive implicit layers then refine the model, in order to describe each level ... |
|
| Risk Factors for Osteoporosis and Oral Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women |
OCT 2001 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Wactawski-Wende; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO AMHERST
|
| The overall purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between skeletal and oral bone density, identify factors influencing bone loss, and determine the relationship between osteoporosis and oral bone loss, periodontal disease and tooth loss. We hypothesize that reduction in bone density leading to osteoporosis, plays a significant role in increasing susceptibility to destructive periodontitis and tooth loss. Sensitive and accurate measures of skeletal and oral bone mineral ... |
|
| Oral Contraceptives Use by Young Women Reduces Peak Bone Mass |
SEP 2001 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Register; BOWMAN GRAY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE WINSTON-SALEM NC
|
| The goal of these studies was to determine the role that hypoandrogenemia plays in the effects of oral contraceptives (OC) on bone metabolism and peak bone mass (PBM) in young female rats. Adolescent/young adult Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with: (1) placebo, (2) OC, (3) OC supplemented with an androgen (methyltestosterone), or (4) an anti-androgen (bicalutamide) to determine the potential role that suppression of androgens plays on bone metabolism, bone architecture, ... |
|
| Mechanisms for Controlling Breast Cancer Growth and Skeletal Metastasis |
JUN 2001 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), an osteoblastic growth and differentiation factor is found to inhibit estradiol- stimulated growth of estrogen receptor (ER) containing MCF7 human breast cancer cells as well as the ER negative but EGF-responsive growth of MDA MB 231 cells. The underlying mechanism for growth inhibition by BMP-2 involved inhibition in retinoblastoma protein (pRb) phosphorylation, which is essential for the cells to proliferate. We also demonstrated that BMP-2 inhibits ... |
|
| Changes in bone Mineral Density and Biomarkers of Bone Turnover with Calcium Supplementation During Initial Military Cadet Exercise Training |
24 APR 2001 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth M. Watson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Osteoporosis is a condition involving decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fragility of the skeletal system. Osteoporosis affects ^75 million individuals in the United States, Europe, and Japan. In the United States alone, hip fractures affect 500,000 individuals per year, and annual healthcare costs for osteoporotic fractures are approximately $l4 billion. A high peak BMD can prevent or delay the onset of osteoporosis and its complications. Exercise and diet ... |
|
| Modeling the Biodynamical Response of the Human Thorax with Body Armor from a Bullet Impact |
01-Mar-2001 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
John A Lobuono; Young W Kwon; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The purpose of this research is to develop a finite element model of the human thorax with a protective body armor system so that the model adequately determines the biodynamical response of the thorax to a projectile impact. The biodynamical response of the human thorax is examined under two different scenarios. The first scenario analyzes the biodynamical response of the human thorax with body armor consisting of a Kevlar sheet ... |
|
| Modeling the Biodynamical Response of the Human Thorax With Body Armor From a Bullet Impact |
MAR 2001 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Lobuono; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The objective of this study is to develop a finite element model of the human thorax with a protective body armor system so that the model can adequately determine the thorax's biodynamical response from a projectile impact. The finite element model of the human thorax consists of the thoracic skeleton, heart, lungs, major arteries, major veins, trachea, and bronchi. The finite element model of the human thorax is validated by ... |
|
| Bone Factors Regulating the Osteotropism of Metastastic Breast Cancer |
OCT 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Peter V. Hauschka; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL CORP BOSTON MA
|
| Malignant breast adenocarcinoma cells mimic osteoblasts, a critical step in their metastatic colonization and destruction of bone. CBFAl, a transcription factor responsible for normal osteoblast differentiation, is expressed inappropriately by the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-23 1, and about 2-fold more strongly by a subline Ml, recovered from an osteolytic bone metastasis of MDA-MB-23 1 in a nu/nu mouse. CBFAl expression was not detected in normal breast epithelium (HMEC ... |
|
| A Dietary Strategy to maximize Bone Mass in United States Naval Academy Midshipmen |
OCT 2000 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Mona S. Calvo; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ROCKVILLE MD
|
| The study evaluates the efficacy and safety of two different types of dietary interventions to promote gain in bone mass at several skeletal sites and changes in hormonal or bone marker levels indicative of bone accretion in young Naval Academy Midshipmen. The dietary interventions optimize different nutritional factors, not just calcium intake, and enable us to examine the effect of maximizing all the nutrients essential for both bone matrix formation ... |
|
| Risk Factors for Osteoporosis and Oral Bone Loss in Postmenopausal Women |
OCT 2000 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Wactawski-Wende; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO AMHERST
|
| The overall purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between skeletal and oral bone density, identify factors influencing bone loss, and determine the relationship between osteoporosis and oral bone loss, periodontal disease and tooth loss. We hypothesize that reduction in bone density leading to osteoporosis, plays a significant role in increasing susceptibility to destructive periodontitis and tooth loss. Sensitive and accurate measures of skeletal and oral bone mineral ... |
|
| The Role of Estrogen Receptor-alpha in Breast Cancer Metastases to Bone |
SEP 2000 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Theresa A. Guise; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
|
| Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to the skeleton in patients with advanced disease to cause either bone destruction or new bone formation. Since patients with breast cancer may survive several years with their bone metastases, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of this process in order to improve therapy and prevention. The proposed work seeks to investigate tumor cell-bone interactions in breast cancer metastases to bone with specific attention to ... |
|
| Targeted Antibody Inhibition of Bone Metastases by Prostate Cancer |
AUG 2000 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
XiuHua Sun; John Chirgwin; TEXAS UNIV AT SAN ANTONIO
|
| Metastasis to bone is a major cause of morbidity from prostate cancer. Parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) is expressed by prostate cancer cells and stimulates osteoclasts. My project to test whether an antibody against PTHrP will block prostate cancer metastasis to bone. I clone the light and heavy chain cDNAs from a hybridoma, which secretes a PTHrP-neutralizing antibody which blocks breast cancer metastasis to bone but is untested against prostate ... |
|
| (ALPHA)2(BETA)1 Integrin-Induced Breast Cancer Differentiation |
AUG 2000 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Tetsuji Kamata; SCRIPPS RESEARCH INST LA JOLLA CA
|
| Breast cancer is prone to metastasize to distant organs such as the skeleton. For tumor cells to spread through the blood stream and create distant metastases, they must establish a stable anchorage to the blood vessels and arrest, withstanding the shearing force, before invading the stroma. Several lines of evidence suggest that platelets provide this anchorage. Tumor cells, including breast cancer cells, are known to bind to platelets. In the ... |
|
| A Comparison of Dental and Skeletal Changes Between Rapid Palatal Expansion and Nickel Titanium Palatal Expansion |
03 NOV 1999 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Ciambotti; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Palatal expansion used to correct maxillomandibular transverse discrepancies occurs through a combination of skeletal (orthopedic) expansion, which involves separating the maxilla at the midpalatal suture, and dental (orthodontic) expansion, which results from buccal tipping of the maxillary posterior teeth. The proportion of skeletal and dental movement is dependent on the rate of expansion (rapid or slow) and the age of the patient during treatment. ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
SKELETON
