| Age-Matched Comparison of Elite and Non-elite Military Performers during Free Living and Intense Operational Stress |
08-Apr-2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Marcus K Taylor; Amanda E Markham; Genieleah A Padilla; Michael D Ward; Katherine E Evans; Daniel R Gould; Barry D Adams; Eric G Dial Potterat; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
 | A useful approach to quantifying factors that influence human performance involves the classification and comparison of so-called elite and non-elite performers. In this pilot study, the authors classified 6 graduates of the Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL training program as elite and compared them to 6 age-matched non-elite military personnel on key aspects of physiological and psychological function during free living and in response to intense military stress. Participants completed measures of ... |
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| Anger Expression and Psychophysiological Stress Responses in Military Men |
29-Dec-2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Marcus K Taylor; Lilianne R Mujica-Parodi; Eric G Potterat; Amanda E Markham; Genieleah A Padilla; Nausheen Dial Momen; Michael D Ward; Katherine E Evans; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Little is known of individual differences governing human responses to realistic stress. In this study, the authors examined the relationships of anger experience and expression to psychophysiological stress indices during daily living and in response to military survival training in 45 healthy, male, active-duty Navy personnel. Prior to participation in survival training, participants completed self-report measures of perceived stress and anger. Also, salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were assessed ... |
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| Immune Response Genotypes and Risk of Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma |
Sep-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Wendy Cozen; Victoria Cortessis; David Conti; David Vandenberg; Bharat Nathwani; Thomas Mack; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is the first and second most common cancer among young women and men 20-39 years old, respectively. Our previous results from a small twin study suggested that an inherited imbalance in the immune response to infection could increase susceptibility to young adult HL. Here we will further test the hypothesis that the susceptible immunophenotype for HL is determined by a genetic tendency toward an exaggerated Th2 and/or ... |
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| Biomarkers of Risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
01-May-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Audrey R Tyrka; BUTLER HOSPITAL PROVIDENCE RI
|
| The objective of this proposal is to study genetic and neuroendocrine biomarkers of risk in a carefully assessed population of military personnel who have recently returned from war zones. The target sample includes 300 men and women who have recently returned from hazardous deployment and are undergoing a comprehensive assessment of symptoms and stressors in a related 12-month longitudinal study. To date, we have enrolled 125 subjects. Samples of saliva ... |
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| A Chemoprevention Trial to Study the Effects of High Tea Consumption on Smoking-Related Oxidative Stress |
FEB 2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Iman A. Hakim; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
|
| Our overall goal is to develop a safe and feasible model for the chemoprevention of a wide range of tobacco-related diseases. Our immediate goal that is addressed over a 5-year study period is to determine the effects of high tea consumption on biological markers of oxidative stress that mediate lung cancer risk. We are conducting a 6-month randomized controlled double-blinded chemopreventive trial in a group of COPD subjects who are ... |
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| Stressful Military Training: Endocrine Reactivity, Performance, and Psychological Impact |
Dec-2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jared P Reis; Marcus K Taylor; Kenneth P Sausen; Lilianne R Mujica-Parodi; Eric G Potterat; Amanda E Markham; Genieleah A Padilla; Deborah L Taylor; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| We examined the responsiveness of both cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) to the stress of survival training in military men and evaluated relationships to performance, peritraumatic dissociation, and the subsequent impact of stressful events. |
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| Targeted Eradication of Prostate Cancer Mediated by Engineered Mesenchymal Stem |
DEC 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Yan Cui; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV NEW ORLEANS
|
| This report reviews the third year of research on the diagnostic utility of psychophysiological indict that may predict the current and future functional efficiency of the soldier. The research focuses especially on the measurement of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) using transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), together with additional indices including salivary cortisol and subjective state. Two studies at the University of Cincinnati demonstrated that CBFV declines during cognitive vigilance and ... |
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| The Effects of Diesel Exhaust and Stress on the Acute Phase Response and in the Chemically Intolerant |
AUG 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy Fideler; UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND DENTISTRY OF NEW JERSEY NEWARK
|
| Exposures to diesel exhaust (DE) and other petrochemical combustion products were the exposures reported by the greatest percentage of all Gulf War veterans (GWV). Along with diesel exhaust and other chemical exposures, psychological stress has been implicated in the onset of unexplained symptoms such as chemical sensitivity among GWV. The purpose of the proposed study is to test a model for chemical sensitivity in GWV, in which simultaneous acute exposures ... |
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| Radiation Biomarker Research Using Mass Spectrometry |
JUL 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Stephan B. Bach; Walter Hubert; TEXAS UNIV AT SAN ANTONIO
|
| Using mass spectrometry to investigate biomarkers from radiation exposure is fairly new. The implementation of mass spectrometric techniques to systems of biological interest has only recently taken off. Therefore, there have only been a limited number of applications of mass spectrometry in radiation dosimetry research. This review is intended to give an overview of mass spectrometry and its application to biological systems and biomarker discovery and how that might relate ... |
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| Odors, Deployment Stress and Health: A Conditioning Analysis of Gulf War Syndrome |
SEP 2006 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Pamela Dalton; MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Troops deployed in the Persian Gulf War were exposed to an unusually diverse mix of odorous chemicals at the same time as they were exposed to physiological and psychological stressors B a scenario that research in animal models suggests will lead to the development of specific conditioned responses. The goal of this research is to investigate the extent to which people can acquire stress reactions as conditioned responses to odors ... |
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| The Effects of Diesel Exhaust and Stress on the Acute Phase Response and Symptoms in the Chemically Intolerant |
AUG 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy Fiedler; Robert Leumbach; Howard Kipen; Paul Lioy; Jungfeng Zhang; Paul Lehrer; ROBERT WOOD JOHNSON MEDICAL SCHOOL PISCATAWAY NJ
|
| Exposures to diesel exhaust (DE) and other petrochemical combustion products were the exposures reported by the greatest percentage of all Gulf War veterans (GWV). Along with diesel exhaust and other chemical exposures psychological stress has been implicated in the onset of unexplained symptoms such as chemical sensitivity among GWV. The purpose of the proposed study is to test a model for chemical sensitivity in GWV in which simultaneous acute exposures ... |
|
| Identification and Isolation of Human Alarm Pheromones |
30 APR 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Lilianne R. Mujica-Parodi; Helmut Strey; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| This Progress Report for Phase O of this project reported on four different tasks. Task I, Optimization of Sample Collection, focused on the collection of the putative alarm pheromone via axillary sweat samples obtained during reference (physical exercise) and arousal (skydive) conditions. The researchers chose cotton gauze sponges and developed their own method of sterilizing them and attaching them to the body so that neither contamination nor evaporation could occur. ... |
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| Acute Lung Injury Following Smoke Inhalation: Predictive Value of Sputum Biomarkers and Time Course of Lung Inflammation |
APR 2006 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Jefferey L. Burgess; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
|
| The role of lung inflammatory mediators in the development of lung injury following smoke inhalation is unknown. To evaluate the predictive value and role of inflammatory mediators in acute lung injury following smoke inhalation. Specific aims: 1) Determine the predictive value of initial inflammatory markers in bronchial secretions of smoke inhalation victims for subsequent lung injury. 2) Measure longitudinal changes in inflammatory mediators in smoke inhalation victims. Study design: Bronchial ... |
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| Diagnostic Methods for Predicting Performance Impairment During a Sustained Attention Task (Letter Series) |
DEC 2005 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald Matthews; Joel Warm; David Washburn; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
|
| This report reviews the second year of research on the diagnostic utility of psychophysiological indices that may predict the current and future functional efficiency of the soldier. The research focuses especially on the measurement of cerebral blood flow using transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD), together with additional indices including salivary cortisol and subjective state. Research at the University of Cincinnati has demonstrated that cerebral blood flow covaries with performance efficiency on ... |
|
| Do the Effects of Exercise on Breast Cancer Prevention Vary With Environment |
OCT 2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Jane Teas; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA
|
| Does walking outdoors have the same breast cancer protective effect as walking on a treadmill indoors, away from natural light, in a typical gym atmosphere? Is the ambient exposure to sunlight important in stress and breast cancer risk reduction? Our basic premise is that the breast cancer protective mechanisms of exercise depend on context of exercise, not just on the number of repetitive muscular contractions completed over a specific period ... |
|
| One More Step Toward a Warmer Arctic |
09 SEP 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Igor V. Polyakov; Agnieszka Beszczynska; Eddy C. Carmack; Igor A. Dmitrenko; Eberhard Fahrbach; Ivan E. Frolov; Ruediger Gerdes; Edmond Hansen; Juergen Holfort; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| This study was motivated by a strong warming signal seen in mooring-based and oceanographic survey data collected in 2004 in the Eurasian% Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The source of this and earlier Arctic Ocean changes lies in interactions between polar and sub-polar basins. Evidence suggests such changes are abrupt, or pulse-like, taking the form of propagating anomalies that can be traced to higher-latitudes. For example, an anomaly found in ... |
|
| Odors, Deployment Stress, and Health: A Conditioning Analysis of Gulf War Syndrome |
SEP 2005 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Pamela Dalton; MONELL CHEMICAL SENSES CENTER PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Troops deployed in the Persian Gulf War were exposed to an unusually diverse mix of odorous chemicals at the same time as they were exposed to physiological and psychological stressors B a scenario that research in animal models suggests will lead to the development of specific conditioned responses. The goal of this research is to investigate the extent to which people can acquire stress reactions as conditioned responses to odors ... |
|
| Mutagen Sensitivity, Apoptosis, and Polymorphism in DNA Repair as Measures of Prostate Cancer Risk |
FEB 2005 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Radoslav Goldman; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| This proposal evaluates interindividual differences in the response to genotoxic stress as prostate cancer risk factors. To this end we use measurements of mutagen sensitivity, apoptosis, comet assay, and single nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes OGG1 and XRCC1. These biomarkers are evaluated in 100 prostate cancer cases and 100 controls matched on age and race in order to measure response to bleomycin exposure is short-term cultured lymphocytes to define ... |
|
| Do the Effects of Exercise on Breast Cancer Prevention Vary With Environment |
OCT 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jane Teas; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA
|
| Does walking outdoors have the same breast cancer protective effect as walking on a treadmill indoors, away from natural light, in a typical gym atmosphere? Is the ambient exposure to sunlight important in stress and breast cancer risk reduction? Our basic premise is that the breast cancer protective mechanisms of exercise depend on context of exercise, not just on the number of repetitive muscular contractions completed over a specific period ... |
|
| The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis, and Screening |
AUG 2004 |
206 pages |
| Authors:
Sanford H. Barsky; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| In glandular organs, precancerous state precedes invasive carcinoma. In the breast this state is recognized as DCIS and consists of an epithelial cell proliferation confined by myoepithelial cells. Our laboratory has established cell line/xenografts of myoepithelial cells. Our myoepithelial cell lines inhibit invasion and motility of breast carcinoma lines in vitro largely through maspin. The overall hypothesis of this proposal was how does myoepithelial maspin regulate breast (DClS) carcinoma progression ... |
|
| Fatigue Countermeasures for Rapid Deployment: Operation Pegasus |
JUL 2004 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Jon French; Jeff Whitmore; Didier Lagarde; Maurice Beaumont; Terrell Scoggins; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIR/ BIODYNAMICS ANDPROTECTION DIV
|
| The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of slow-release caffeine (SRC) and melatonin (MLT) on sleep and daytime vigilance and SRC or MLT as chronobiotics after a 7-time zone eastbound flight. Three groups of 9 US Air Force reservists each received either five daily doses of SRC (300 mg), four nightly doses of MLT (5 mg) or the appropriate placebo for SRC or MLT in a double-blind, ... |
|
| Acute Lung Injury Following Smoke Inhalation: Predictive Value of Sputum Biomarkers and Time Course of Lung Inflammation |
MAY 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jefferey L. Burgess; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
|
| The role of lung inflammatory mediators in the development of lung injury following smoke inhalation is unknown. Objectives: To evaluate the predictive value and role of inflammatory mediators in acute lung injury following smoke inhalation. Specific aims: 1) Determine the predictive value of initial inflammatory markers in bronchial secretions of smoke inhalation victims for subsequent lung injury. 2) Measure longitudinal changes in inflammatory mediators in smoke inhalation victims. Study design: ... |
|
| Conceptual Models of the Climate 2003 Program of Study: Non-Newtonian Geophysical Fluid Dynamics |
FEB 2004 |
|
| Authors:
NeiI J. Balmforth; John Hinch; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA DEPT OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
|
 | Non-Newtonian fluids occur commonly in our world. These fluids, such as toothpaste, saliva, oils, mud and lava, exhibit a number of behaviors that are different from Newtonian fluids and have a number of additional material properties. In general, these differences arise because the fluid has a microstructure that influences the flow. In section 2 we will present a collection of some of the interesting phenomena arising from flow nonlinearities, the ... |
|
| Selecting the Best Drug-Test Procedures |
28 NOV 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
David A> Kidwell; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report discusses the advantages and limitations of the matrices of urine, saliva, hair, sweat, and skin swabs for monitoring of illicit drug use in a criminal justice environment.% A three phase testing scheme is proposed employing all these matrices. The scheme recognizes the limitations of each matrix, keeping cost and inconvenience to a minimum, yet ensuring a drug-free clientele. |
|
| The War Fighter's Stress Response: Telemetric and Noninvasive Assessment |
OCT 2003 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda O'Donnell; Charles A. Morgan; Emil Jovanov; Frank Andrasik; Michael C. Prevost; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| Our investigations into% the effects of stressful military training have shown that individuals exhibiting superior performance differ significantly from individuals exhibiting poor performance in their psychological and biological responses to stress. Specifically, stress-hardy individuals retain mental focus and clarity of memory under stress, commit fewer errors during stress, experience less burnout, demonstrate better navigational skills, and are able to stay physiologically calmer during potentially life threatening events and during uncontrollable ... |
|
| The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression Diagnosis and Screening |
AUG 2003 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Sanford H. Barsky; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| In glandular organs, a precancerous state precedes invasive carcinoma. In the breast, this state is recognized as DCIS and consist of an epithelial cell proliferation confined by myoepithelial cells. Our laboratory has established cell lines/xenografts of myoepithelial cells. Our myoepithelial cell lines inhibit invasion and motility of breast carcinoma line in vitro largely through maspin. The overall hypothesis of this proposal was how does myoepithelial maspin regulate breast (DCIS) carcinoma ... |
|
| Fluoride Ion Regeneration of Sarin (GB) From Minipig Tissue and Fluids Following Whole-Body GB Vapor Exposure |
01-Jul-2003 |
|
| Authors:
B J Benton; S A Thomson; H D Durst; J S Anthony; R J Mioduszewski; E M Jakubowski; K L Matson; S W Hulet; J H Manthei; J L Edwards; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A method has been developed for the analysis of a Sarin (GB) nerve agent biomarker in the tissue and biological fluids of minipigs that is very sensitive and selective. The GB biomarker was the fluoride ion regenerated GB and was found in minipig samples such as red blood cells, brain, liver, lung, and adipose tissue after whole body inhalation exposure. Regenerated GB in the samples was analyzed by GC-FPD after ... |
|
| Electronic Sensors for Microfluidics |
JUN 2003 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Lydia L. Sohn; PRINCETON UNIV NJ DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The goal of this ARO/DARPA funded project is to develop a fully integrated microfluidic device that would be capable of electronically detecting specific bacterial pathogens in whole blood, and other fluids such as sputum and urine. The integrated device consists of two sensors: a microscale Coulter counter that sizeds and then fractionates blood samples based on particulate size; and an on-chip high frequency spectrometer that interrogates the dielectric response of ... |
|
| Acute Lung Injury Following Smoke Inhalation: Predictive Value of Sputum Biomarkers and Time Course of Lung Injury |
MAY 2003 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey L. Burgess; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
|
| Background: The role of lung inflammatory mediators in the development of lung injury following smoke inhalation is unknown. Objectives: To evaluate the predictive value and role of inflammatory mediators in acute lung injury following smoke inhalation. |
|
| Preeclampsia-Associated Hormonal Profiles and Reduced Breast Cancer Risk Among Older Mothers |
APR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Mark L. Laudenslager; COLORADO UNIV AT FITZSIMMONS AURORA HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER
|
| Preeclampsia has been linked to reduced breast cancer risk, and this reduction may be especially marked among women who bear their first child later in life. In this ongoing case-control study, we examine the hormonal profiles of older Colorado mothers with and without a history of preeclampsia in their first pregnancies. Subjects are nonpregnant, non-smoking women who completed their first pregnancies at age 30 or older, are currently premenopausal, and ... |
|
| Caffeine Effects on Marksmanship During High-Stress Military Training with 72 Hours Sleep Deprivation |
APR 2003 |
|
| Authors:
William J. Tharion; Barbara Shukitt-Hale; Harris R. Lieberman; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY NUTRITION DIV
|
| Marksmanship accuracy and sighting time were quantified with 62 male trainees during Navy SEAL Hell Week, which involves the combined stress of sleep loss, operational combat scenarios, and cold-wet environmental conditions. Volunteers used a marksmanship simulator system to measure shooting speed and accuracy. Marksmanship was assessed prior to training, and at 73 and 80 h into Hell Week. Volunteers randomly received either 100, 200, or 300 mg of caffeine or ... |
|
| A Laboratory Comparison of Clockwise and Counter-Clockwise Rapidly Rotating Shift Schedules, Part III: Effects on Core Body Temperature and Neuroendocrine Measures |
NOV 2002 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Albert Boquet; Crystal E. Cruz; Thomas E. Nesthus; Cristy A. Detwiler; William R. Knecht; Kali A. Holcomb; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Most researchers suggest that shift rotation in a forward or clockwise direction produces less disruption of circadian rhythms than those that rotate in a backward or counter-clockwise direction. This is based upon extrapolation from quasi-experimental studies of shift-workers and research on the effects of jet lag, which indicate that westward travel results in less disruption of circadian rhythms. The effect of direction of rotation on cortisol, melatonin, and core body ... |
|
| The Warfighter's Stress Response: Telemetric and Noninvasive Assessment |
OCT 2002 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda O'Donnell; Charles A. Morgan; Emil Jovanov; Frank Andrasik; Michael C. Prevost; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| The authors' investigations into the effects of stressful military training have shown that individuals exhibiting superior performance differ significantly from individuals exhibiting poor performance in their psychological and biological responses to stress. Stress-hardy individuals retain mental focus and clarity of memory under stress, commit fewer errors during stress, experience less burnout, demonstrate better navigational skills, and are able to stay physiologically calmer during potentially life-threatening events and during uncontrollable stress. ... |
|
| An Innovative Assessment of Endogenous Estrogen Activity in Persons With Different Habits of Exercise |
SEP 2002 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Ann S. Hamilton; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Evidence exists that women exercising have lower estrogen levels than sedentary women. These lower estrogen levels may be the mechanism behind their reduced breast cancer risk. Previous studies included athletes with high exercise levels, and estrogen measurements were based on a few serum samples from different times during a menstrual cycle. This study included identical female twins who were discordant for moderate exercise. Estradiol was measured on a daily basis ... |
|
| The Role of Myoepithelial Maspin in Breast Carcinoma Progression, Diagnosis and Screening |
AUG 2002 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Sanford H. Barsky; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| In glandular organs a precancerous stale precedes invasive carcinoma. in the breast this state is recognized as DGIS and consists of an epithelial cell proliferation confined by myoepithelial cells. Our laboratory has established cell lines/xenografts of myoepithelial cells. Our myoepithelial cell lines inhibit invasion and motility of breast carcinoma lines in vitro largely through maspin. The overall hypothesis of this proposal was how does myoepithelial maspin regulate breast (DCIS) carcinoma ... |
|
| Salivary Immunoglobulin A (slgA) as a Biomarker of Immune Suppression Following the Combat Fitness Assessment |
MAY 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Paul Pacque; Christine Booth; Dan Dwyer; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB
|
| SIgA is a potential biomarker for stress. The usual day-to-day and within day variation in sIgA amongst a group of healthy Army reservists was estimated and the acute response of sIgA to moderate intensity exercise (Combat Fitness Assessment) undertaken in both cool-dry and hot-humid conditions was determined. The results indicate that thermal and cardiovascular strain resulting from moderate intensity exercise in hot-humid conditions suppresses SIgA for at least 24 hours ... |
|
| Evaluation of a Simple Immunological Test (sIgA) During the RAAF survival Course |
NOV 2001 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Carins; C. K. Booth; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB
|
| A simple marker of immune function, salivary immunoglobulin A (sigA), was evaluated as a potential indicator of stress during the RAAF Survival School courses conducted in November 1999. Twenty-seven males and two females with an average age of 26 years participated in the study by keeping a food diary, collecting saliva samples and recording their health problems (daily checklist) and level of anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). Participants height and weight ... |
|
| An Innovative Assessment of Endogenous Estrogen Activity in Persons with Different Habits of Exercise |
SEP 2001 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Ann S. Hamilton; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Evidence exists that women exercising have lower estrogen levels than sedentary women. These lower estrogen levels may be the mechanism behind their reduced breast cancer risk. Previous studies included athletes with high exercise levels, and estrogen measurements were based on a few serum samples from different times during a menstrual cycle. This study includes identical female twins who are discordant for moderate exercise. Estradiol is measured on a daily basis ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 7, Number 2, February 2001 |
Feb-2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Infectious mononucleosis is an acute infectious illness that is characterized by fever, sore throat, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and fatigue that typically lasts for 1-2 months. It is estimated that more than 90% of classic infectious mononucleosis cases are caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a member of the herpes virus family. The incubation period is generally 4-6 weeks. EBV is shed in the saliva of infected, but not necessarily symptomatic, carriers. EBV ... |
|
| An Innovative Assessment of Endogenous Activity in Persons with Different Habits of Exercise |
SEP 2000 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Ann S. Hamilton; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Evidence exists that women exercising have lower estrogen levels than sedentary women. These lower estrogen levels may be the mechanism behind their reduced breast cancer risk. Previous studies included athletes with high exercise levels, and estrogen measurements were based on a few serum samples from different times during a menstrual cycle. This study includes identical female twins who are discordant for moderate exercise. Estradiol is measured on a daily basis ... |
|
| Physiological Responses to Wearing the Helicopter Aircrew Integrated Life Support System (HAILSS) in Hot Environments |
08 AUG 2000 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
J. W. Kaufman; B. S. Shender; G. K. Askew; L. Schaaf; K. Farahmand; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Individuals wearing encapsulating garments require auxiliary cooling systems to sustain physical and cognitive performance when exposed to high temperatures or workloads. The Helicopter Aircrew Integrated Life Support System (HAILS S) is designed to minimize thermal problems by incorporating normal flight suit functions with protective functions (fire, chemical and biological warfare (CBW), and cold water immersion) in a single, integrated clothing ensemble. This study evaluated the ... |
|
| An Innovative Assessment of Endogenous Estrogen Activity in Persons withDifferent Habits of Exercise |
SEP 1999 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Ann S. Hamilton; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
|
| Evidence exists that women exercising have lower estrogen levels than sedentary women. These lower estrogen levels may be the mechanism behind their reduced breast cancer risk. Previous studies included athletes with high exercise levels, and estrogen measurements were based on a few serum samples from different times during a menstrual cycle. This study includes identical female twins who are discordant for moderate exercise. Estradiol is measured ... |
|
| Developing New Epidemiologic Tools for Investigating Breast Cancer Risk |
SEP 1999 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Gann; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| The overall aim of this research was to develop novel biomarkers for breast cancer prevention research using samples of biological fluids and breast tissue. Project 1 dealt with measurement of growth factors and steroids in nipple aspirate fluid, as well as estradiol and progesterone in saliva. Project 2 dealt with developing a histological index for estimating the degree of lobular differentiation in normal breast tissue. We successfully completed development of ... |
|
| Inhibition of PCR by Contaminants in Field Samples |
DEC 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Darrel E. Menking; Daniel R. Einhaus; Peter A. Emanuel; James J. Valdes; EDGEWOOD RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUNDMD
|
| Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is an in vitro enzymatic, synthetic method used to amplify specific DNA sequences from organisms. Detection of DNA using gene probes allows for absolute identification not only of specific organisms, but also of genetic material in recombinant organisms. The PCR is an exquisite biological method for detecting bacteria in aerosol samples. A major challenge facing detection of DNA from field samples ... |
|
| Developing New Epidemiologic Tools for Investigating Breast Cancer Risk |
SEP 1998 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Gann; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| In Project 1 (developing biomarkers for growth factors and key steroids in breast fluid) we have progressed towards development of a sensitive, reliable assay for estradiol. We have also begun assays for TGF-alpha in breast fluid samples in the Mammographic Density Study, which focuses on the relation of breast fluid growth factor levels to breast tissue density, an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Results thus far indicate that mammographic ... |
|
| Developing New Epidemiologic Tools for Investigating Breast Cancer Risk |
SEP 1997 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Gann; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| In Project 1 (developing biomarkers for growth factors and key steroids in breast fluid) we have published an initial paper characterizing the levels of EGF and TGF-alpha in breast fluid within and between individuals. We have also begun analysis of samples in the Mammographic Density Study, which focuses on the relation of breast fluid growth factor levels to breast tissue density, an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Results thus ... |
|
| Acute Toxicity Evaluation of a New Noncorrosive Decontamination Solution |
JUL 1997 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Robin E. Wolfe; David H. Ellis; Marcia L. Feldmann; Harry F. Leahy; Patrick M. Callaghan; MAN TECH/GEO-CENTERS JOINT VENTURE TOXIC HAZARDS RESEARCH
|
| U.S. Navy requested evaluation of a new noncorrosive chemical warfare decontamination solution (NDS) designed for removal of toxic chemicals from equipment. This investigation contained three experiments: acute oral limit test, acute dermal limit test, and acute inhalation limit test. Oral gavage with 5 g NDS/kg resulted in 100% mortality of male and female F-344 rats. Clinical signs included whole body tremors and chromodacryorrhea. Treatment at lower oral concentrations of NDS ... |
|
| Role of Mammary Prolactin in Carcinogenesis |
OCT 96 |
|
| Authors:
Nira Ben-Jonathan; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
|
| There is a growing concern that exposure to environmental chemicals with estrogenic activity (xenoestrogens) may have adverse effect on human health, including the initiation, promotion and progression of breast cancer. Our working hypothesis is that xenoestrogens promote mammary tumorigenesis via two mechanisms: a direct effect on mammary cell proliferation and an indirect effect by increasing prolactin synthesis and release. We have examined the effects of two xenoestrogens, beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCH) and ... |
|
| In Field Detection of Biologicals in Human Blood Serum, Saliva and Urine Using Pan Coated Quartz Crystals |
OCT 1996 |
|
| Authors:
Robert Carter; UNIVERSAL SENSORS METAIRIE LA
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| Quartz crystal microbalance biosensors to detect ricin in complex biological matrices such as serum, saliva and urine have been developed. The sensors utilize a novel polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or protein G coating which is insensitive to non-specific fouling. The biosensor relies on simple interaction of immobilized anti-ricin antibody against the free antigen in solution. As antigen attaches to immobilized antibody, a frequency change is detected due to the additional mass on ... |
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| Developing New Epidemiologic Tools for Investigating Breast Cancer Risk |
SEP 1996 |
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| Authors:
Peter Gann; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
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| The overall aim of this project is to develop new biological markers that can improve epidemiological investigations into the etiology of breast cancer. Our studies encompass three types of novel biomarkers: (a) breast fluid from nipple aspirates for measurement of growth factors and steroids, (b) saliva for measurement of sex steroid concentrations, and (c) normal breast tissue from biopsy samples for assessment of lobular differentiation. These biomarkers will allow epidemiologists ... |
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