| Risk Propensity, Risk Perception, and Sensation Seeking in US Army Soldiers: A Preliminary Study of a Risk Assessment Task Battery |
Oct-2010 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda M Kelley; William D Killgore; Jeremy R Athy; Michael Dretsch; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
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 | Preliminary evidence shows that Soldiers' propensity to engage in risky behaviors is significantly correlated with the severity of combat experiences during a recent deployment. This relationship was weak & assessed in Soldiers post-deployment. A battery of tasks measuring risk propensity, risk perception, risk aversion, & sensation seeking was assembled to be used in study tracking individual change in risk taking behaviors. The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate ... |
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| The Federal Budget: Current and Upcoming Issues |
25-Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
D A Austin; Mindy R Levit; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | The federal budget implements Congress's power of the purse. It expresses Congress's priorities as spending is allocated among competing aims. The Obama Administration's FY2010 budget submission described several important changes, including increased funding for certain domestic priorities, major programmatic reforms, and proposed spending cuts in some programs. Over the past decade, federal spending has accounted for approximately a fifth of the economy (as measured by GDP) and federal revenues have ... |
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| National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats |
23-Nov-2009 |
|
| Authors:
NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
|
| We are experiencing an unparalleled period of advancement and innovation in the life sciences globally that continues to transform our way of life. Whether augmenting our ability to provide health care and protect the environment, or expanding our capacity for energy and agricultural production towards global sustainability, continued research and development in the life sciences is essential to a brighter future for all people. The beneficial nature of life science ... |
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| Foreign Investment in U.S. Securities |
18-Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
James K Jackson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Foreign capital inflows are playing an important role in the U.S. economy by bridging the gap between domestic supplies of and demand for capital. In 2008, as the financial crisis and global economic downturn unfolded, foreign investors looked to U. S. Treasury securities as a safe haven investment, while they sharply reduced their net purchases of corporate stocks and bonds. In the first two quarters of 2009, foreign capital inflows ... |
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| Sea-Based Ballistic Missile Defense - Background and Issues for Congress |
22-Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Ronald O'Rourke; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The eventual role of sea-based systems in the worldwide U.S. BMD architecture has not been determined. The overall issue for Congress discussed in this report is: What should be the role of sea-based systems in U.S. ballistic missile defense, and are DOD's programs for sea-based BMD capabilities appropriately structured and funded? The Aegis BMD system in its current configuration is intended to track ballistic missiles of all ranges, including intercontinental ... |
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| The Clock is Ticking |
21-Oct-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
COMMISSION ON THE PREVENTION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION PROLIFERATION AND TERRORISM WASHINGTON DC
|
| This was the somber conclusion of the bipartisan, congressionally mandated Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Terrorism in its report, World at Risk, released in December 2008. On December 2, 2008, the Director of National Intelligence publicly agreed with this assessment. Today, 323 days since the release of that report, the clock continues ticking and we are now closer to a possible attack. The U.S. ... |
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| Rare Events |
Oct-2009 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
D McMorrow; MITRE CORP MCLEAN VA JASON PROGRAM OFFICE
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| JASON was asked by the Department of Defense (DoD) to conduct an evaluation of the nation's ability to anticipate and assess the risk of rare events. 'Rare events' specifically refers to catastrophic terrorist events, including the use of a weapon of mass destruction or other high-profile attacks, where there is sparse (or no) historical record from which to develop predictive models based on past statistics. This study was requested by ... |
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| Weight Measurements and Standards for Soldiers |
Oct-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Donald A Williamson; PENNINGTON BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER BATON ROUGE LA
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| The purpose of this three-year study is to: 1) implement a computerized database to track the fatness and physical performance of Reservists assigned to the 94th RRC and 804th Medical Brigade, 2) provide the 94th RRC and 804th Medical Brigade with an environmental/internet-based intervention to increase health risk communication and promote healthy body weight/fatness and physical performance, 3) monitor the fatness and physical performance of the Reservists for two years ... |
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| Controls Over Air Combat Command and Pacific Air Forces Unliquidated Obligations from Department of the Air Force Contracts Supporting Contingency Operations |
29-Sep-2009 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS), Air Combat Command, Pacific Air Forces, and the Air Force properly accounted for and deobligated unliquidated obligations (ULOs) on contracts supporting the Global War on Terror. This report is the second in a series that addresses ULOs on Air Force contracts. DFAS Limestone and Japan incorrectly coded 30 of 115 ULOs as valid. DFAS Limestone and Japan did not adequately review the period of ... |
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| A Comparison of the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Fast-Attack Submariners with U.S. Civilian Males |
14-Sep-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
J Hartwell; N Durocher; J Gertner; J Vanderweele; K Marvin; W Horn; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
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| Submariners have historically served in an environment characterized by prolonged physical inactivity and excessive caloric intake. These two conditions are established risk factors for metabolic syndrome. In recent years, metabolic syndrome has garnered attention due to its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. There is a concern among Undersea Medicine Officers that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the rise within the submarine community, leading ... |
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| Automated Routing of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) |
Sep-2009 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Terry Jameson; Edward M Measure; David Knapp; Andrew Butler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM INFORMATION AND ELECTRONIC PROTECTION DIV
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| Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) have become a key component of US military power and are likely to have an increasing role in reconnaissance, surveillance, communication and combat. UAS operations are affected by weather and other environmental effects, but usually have less capability to see, react to, and endure adverse environments than manned aircraft. Weather effects thus become a crucial part of both operational planning and execution of UAS missions. The ... |
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| National Security Strategy Reform: Rebalancing the President's Agenda |
Sep-2009 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H Dorff; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The common wisdom about presidential success in achieving major goals is simple: Focus on only one or at most two major initiatives. Presidents who try to accomplish too much risk accomplishing nothing, and multiple agenda items distract the team from staying on message providing ample opportunity for opponents to undermine the efforts. While this may be true as a general rule, there is a risk that this strategy places an ... |
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| Collaborative Online Communities for Increased MILSATCOM Performance |
Sep-2009 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Jason L Holgerson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The Department of Defense and, subsequently, the U.S. Navy have embraced a strategy of exerting influence through information dominance versus amassing a large presence. This philosophy, called Net-centric Warfare, uses sensor and network technology to leverage naval platforms towards realizing effects previously achievable only by a larger force. In adapting this strategy, the U.S. Navy has realized many benefits, but has also increased its reliance on the technologies implementing Net-centric ... |
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| General Use of UAS in EW Environment-EW Concepts and Tactics for Single or Multiple UAS Over the Net-Centric Battlefield |
Sep-2009 |
245 pages |
| Authors:
Mustafa G Erdemli; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| With the development of technology, Electronic Warfare has been increasing for decades its importance in modern battles. It can even be referred to as the heart of today's net-centric battlefield. Unmanned Aerial Systems are gaining more importance every single day. Nations are working on more complex and more effective UAS in order to accomplish missions that are very difficult, or even impossible for manned aircraft. Electronic Warfare missions are often ... |
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| Planning the Optimal Transit for a Ship Through a Mapped Minefield |
Sep-2009 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Pei-Chieh Li; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
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| This thesis develops (a) a mission-planning tool for a Navy Mine Counter Measure (MCM) force to find a minimum-risk route for a surface ship through a mapped minefield, and (b) a heuristic to identify a sequence of mines whose clearance (removal and/or deactivation) leads to a rapid reduction of the risk of a minimum-risk path. All modeling concepts reflect the requirements of the Republic of China Navy's MCM operations. The ... |
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| A Comparative Analysis of Commercial Off-The-Shelf Naval Simulations and Classic Operations Research Models |
Sep-2009 |
120 pages |
| Authors:
Peter A Field; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
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| No longer does Naval Surface Warfare merely entail battle between symmetric naval fleets conducted in large open water engagements. Today's Surface Warriors must have the training and capability to also fight asymmetric threats in congested locations of strategic value. Operations conducted within straits, choke points, and island cluttered littorals pose considerable risk and numerous challenges for today's Navy. Shore based anti-ship missiles, torpedo and missile carrying small fast patrol boats, ... |
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| Risk Quantification of Systems Engineering Documents Improves Probability of DOD Project Success |
Sep-2009 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas C Irwin; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING
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| A frame transition problem exists between project Systems Engineers (SE) and Department of Defense (DoD) Program Managers (PM). Systems engineering organizations, operating in a rational frame, must produce technical documents required for the PM operating in a political frame of constrained resources. These artifacts, required for milestone reviews, are the results of extensive technical effort that must be accounted for and adequately resourced during project planning by the PM. Programs ... |
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| Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Programs for Western PA - Pediatrics/Platelet Gel |
Sep-2009 |
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| Authors:
Barbara E Barnes; Linda Simenerio; PITTSBURGH UNIV MEDICAL CENTER PA
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| In recognition that reduction in the incidence of diabetes and alleviation of its complications have become national public health priorities, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) galvanized a partnership that included the, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC (CHP), University of Pittsburgh Diabetes Institute (UPDI), and the United States Air Force Surgeon General's Modernization Directorate (US AF SGR-M), to determine the best methods for preventing diabetes and improving diabetes ... |
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| Modeling the Integration of Open Systems and Evolutionary Acquisition in DoD Programs |
19-Aug-2009 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
David N Ford; John T Dillard; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY
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| Open Systems and Evolutionary Acquisition are two recent innovations designed to improve program performance with flexibility. The full potential of these approaches has not been captured, partially because of integration challenges during implementation. The current work investigates the impacts of open systems and evolutionary acquisition on DoD development programs. Changes required to use both Open Systems and Evolutionary Acquisition are used to identify and describe impacts of implementation on program ... |
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| The Army's Future Combat System (FCS): Background and Issues for Congress |
03-Aug-2009 |
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| Authors:
Andrew Feicket; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The Future Combat System (FCS) was a multiyear, multibillion dollar program at the heart of the Army's transformation efforts. It was to be the Army's major research, development, and acquisition program consisting of 14 manned and unmanned systems tied together by an extensive communications and information network. FCS was intended to replace current systems such as the M-1 Abrams tank and the M-2 Bradley infantry fighting vehicle. The FCS program ... |
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| Mission Connect Mild TBI Translational Research Consortium |
Aug-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Brent E Masel; TRANSITIONAL LEARNING CENTER AT GALVESTON TX
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| The purpose of this project is to identify the incidence of post traumatic hypopituitarism (PTH) in mild TBI and develop criteria for assessing which patients with a mild TBI are at risk for developing PTH. This study will also correlate the characteristics of the individuals with PTH by neuropsychological, neurophysiological and imaging testing as they relate to functional outcome. At 6 months post injury, patients will be screened for anterior ... |
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| Hobbs 3T MRI |
Aug-2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Helen Hobbs; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
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| This contract supports the installation and use of a research-dedicated 3 Tesla (3T) imaging system to measure the size, strength, and function of the heart as well as to quantify the atherosclerotic burden in the aorta and carotid arteries in a multi-ethnic, population based cohort (the Dallas Heart Study-2). It supports accelerated parallel imaging of the heart, abdominal aorta, and carotids, and brain and reduces the time required for imaging ... |
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| Yemen: Background and U.S. Relations |
07-Jul-2009 |
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| Authors:
Jeremy M Sharp; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| With limited natural resources, a crippling illiteracy rate, and high population growth, Yemen faces an array of daunting development challenges that some observers believe make it at risk for becoming a failed state in the next few decades. Between 2007 and 2008, it ranked 153 out of 177 countries on the United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Index, a score comparable to the poorest sub-Saharan African countries. Over 43% of ... |
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| A Spatially Explicit Model of Red Imported Fire Ant Behavior for Managing Species at Risk on Military Lands |
Jul-2009 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
James Westervelt; Tim Peterson; Bart Rossmann; John Drake; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| Cave cricket populations are essential to the survival of many rare invertebrates that are endemic to the karst regions of Fort Hood, TX. These crickets bring organic matter into the caves, where it serves as an energy source for a variety of karst invertebrates. At Fort Hood, Red Imported Fire Ants (RIFA) migrating from South America into the southern United States prey upon cave crickets, which potentially threatens some populations ... |
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| Improving the Future of the Army's Future Combat Systems Program |
01-Jun-2009 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Bill Pettus; Jack Wong; Arbi Lazar; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Future Combat Systems (FCS) program is the U.S. Army's ambitious attempt to modernize its forces in a systematic way, so that everything interoperates properly. This system of systems approach contrasts with the stove-pipe solutions of the past in which individual systems were designed to meet specific requirements, but with much less thought about how they would interact in the overall force. The stove-pipe approach has worked well enough in ... |
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| Possible Effects of the Department of Defense Acting as a Buyer on the Derivatives Futures Market |
01-Jun-2009 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas R Bowman; Evan P Wright; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of our professional project is to research the possible effects of the Department of Defense's (DoD) participation as a buyer in the commercial futures market for derivatives. The idea that DoD should participate in derivatives trading has been proposed and published by others in the past; however, the recommendations we reviewed failed to provide empirical evidence to highlight likely outcomes if their recommendations were put into practice. With ... |
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| Decision Superiority: Putting the Emphasis Back on the Warfighter |
Jun-2009 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Katharine K Shobe; Wallace H Wulfeck; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Military operations have all the trademarks of agile decision making due to the complexity, uncertainty, time constraints, high risk and ill-defined goals of the mission environment. Any discussion of the naval command and control environment must address the relationship between the decision maker and the technological systems with which he operates. The U.S. Navy tends to address issues of decision superiority with improved technology, sometimes disregarding what the human operator ... |
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| CYP1B1 Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Race-Related Prostate Cancer. Addendum |
Jun-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Yuichiro Tanaka; Rajvir Dahiya; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INST FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SAN FRANCISCO
|
| In the first hypothesis, CYP1B1 expression in Caucasian prostate cell lines were increased in cancerous (DU145 & PC-3) compared to normal (RWPE-1) cells. Analysis of expression in human tissue cDNAs from Caucasians also showed higher levels of CYP1B1 in cancer compared to BPH. CYP1B1 protein was present in both races and though not significant, generally was higher in tumor regions compared to normal adjacent regions for both African-Americans and Whites. ... |
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| Targeting MRS-Defined Dominant Intraprostatic Lesions with Inverse-Planned High Dose Rate Brachytherapy. Addendum |
Jun-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Pouliot; I-Chow Hsu; John Kurhanewicz; Sue Noworelski; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| A combination of MRI/MRSI is used to define the distribution of Dominant Intraprostatic Lesions (DIL) within the prostate. This information is used to perform dose escalation of the DIL without compromising the dose coverage of the prostate and the protection to the urethra, rectum, and bladder for prostate cancer patients treated with High Dose Rate (HDR) brachytherapy. The multi-image fusion process has been finalized during this period. The steps and ... |
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| Navy Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Program: Background, Oversight, Issues, and Options for Congress |
19-May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Ronald O'Rourke; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Navy is procuring a new type of surface combatant called the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS). The LCS is a small, fast, relatively inexpensive combat ship that is to be equipped with modular plug-and-fight mission packages. The basic version of the LCS, without any mission packages, is referred to as the LCS sea frame. The Navy wants to procure a total of 55 LCSs. The Navy substantially restructured the LCS ... |
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| Navy Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) Program: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress |
05-May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Ronald O'Rourke; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Navy is procuring a new type of surface combatant called the Littoral Combat Ship (LCS). The LCS is a small, fast, relatively inexpensive combat ship that is to be equipped with modular plug-and-fight mission packages. The basic version of the LCS, without any mission packages, is referred to as the LCS sea frame. The Navy wants to procure a total of 55 LCSs. The Navy substantially restructured the LCS ... |
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| Oversight of High-Containment Biological Laboratories: Issues for Congress |
04-May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Frank Gottron; Dana A Shea; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The federal government responded to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and the subsequent anthrax attacks with increased focus on and funding for biodefense. A key consideration in this response was addressing shortages in diagnostic, clinical, and research laboratory capacity. Several departments and agencies have increased or are in the process of increasing their laboratory capacity. High-containment laboratories play a critical role in the biodefense effort, offering the hope of ... |
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| Forcible Entry From the Sea: Operational Commanders Tools and Techniques for Execution in Today's Environment |
04-May-2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Gehris; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| An opposed Amphibious Assault capability provides the operational commander with options that are not achievable with other service capabilities. The operational commander achieves deterrence, quick response and flexibility with a forcible entry capability. This paper utilizes past forcible entry case studies to illustrate operational functions that led to successful operations. It will analyze current amphibious platforms, supporting assets and technology to illustrate weaknesses and strengths in the current capabilities. The ... |
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| Counterinsurgency and Robots: Will the means Undermine the Ends? |
04-May-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel N Deputy; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The recent introduction of unmanned and robotic systems into counterinsurgency (COIN) operations has created marked advantages at the tactical level of operations. Despite tactical advantages created by increasing capabilities and presence on the battlefield, unmanned and robotic systems produce a collective operational impact that increases risk. The operational risk assumed by commanders charged with conducting COIN is a result of unknown variables and side effects generated by the interaction of ... |
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| Offensive Mine Countermeasures: Enabler for Access and Power Projection |
04-May-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Dallas L Pope; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Consideration of naval mine countermeasures (MCM) often only includes the defensive, reactionary operations which are inherent to the dedicated MCM force. However, given the premium placed on the United States' ability to project power and conduct forcible entry, a more offensive approach must be planned. Joint force commanders rely on the expeditionary nature of naval forces to transport troops and equipment to the fight, support forces ashore, and to establish ... |
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| Modification of Tamoxifen Effectiveness by Gene Polymorphisms and Other Drugs |
May-2009 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas P Ahern; TRUSTEES OF BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| In the first year of his predoctoral award, Thomas Ahern completed all coursework and qualifying examinations required for entry into the senior phase of doctoral study for the Doctor of Science degree in epidemiology at Boston University. Mr. Ahern submitted a dissertation research proposal to the Epidemiology Doctoral Committee in May 2008; the proposal was formally approved in October 2008. Mr. Ahern completed and published one of the three studies ... |
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| Deployment- Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI): Incidence Natural History and Predictors of Recovery in Soldiers Returning from OIF/OEF |
May-2009 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Karen Schwab; JACKSON (HENRY M) FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| The overarching aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology, natural history, and prognostic predictors of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in a well- defined cohort of recently- deployed soldiers at Fort Carson and Fort Bragg. This study will augment the ongoing surveillance and clinical efforts at these locations by expanding the post- deployment assessment of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and TBI- related exposures; identifying pre-existing and deployment- related ... |
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| Injury Reduction Effectiveness of Prescribing Running Shoes Based on Plantar Shape in Marine Corps Basic Training San Diego, CA and Parris Island, SC |
May-2009 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Bullock; Joseph J Knapik; Bruce H Jones; David I Swedler; Daniel W Trone; Adriana Villasenor; Timothy Bockelman; Emily Schmied; Peggy Han; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In response to a request from the Military Training Task Force of the Defense Safety Oversight Council, this study examined whether prescribing running shoes based on the shape of the plantar surface influenced injury risk in Marine Corps basic training. After foot examinations, Marine Corps recruits in an experimental group (E, n=408 men, 314 women) were prescribed motion-control, stability, or cushioned shoes for plantar shapes indicative of low, medium, or ... |
|
| Vaccination of High-Risk Breast Cancer Patients with Carbohydrate Mimicking Peptides |
May-2009 |
495 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Kieber-Emmons; ARKANSAS UNIV AT LITTLE ROCK MEDICAL CENTER
|
| The expression of the Tumor Associated Carbohydrate Antigens such as the neolactoseries antigen Lewis Y (LeY) and gangliosides such as GM2 and GD2/GD3 are amplified on breast cancer cells and is linked to poor prognosis and high risk of disease relapse. Immunotherapy to direct responses to TACA is, therefore, perceived to be of clinical benefit. To overcome this deficiency, we developed mimotopes of TACA to induce more robust cross-reactive and ... |
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| Amphetamine Challenge: A Marker of Brain Function that Mediates Risk for Drug and Alcohol Abuse |
May-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Frances H Gabbay; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION ROCKVILLE MD
|
| People differ in their susceptibility to abuse alcohol and drugs, and the conditions that lead to abuse and dependence are not the same in everyone. Some people are susceptible because they experience particularly positive effects from alcohol and drugs; often, the same people have problems controlling their behavior. They are impulsive; they seek out novel and exciting experiences; and they may be influenced by other rewards, such as those associated ... |
|
| India: The Impact of Climate Change to 2030 Geopolitical Implications |
May-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR OF NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The National Intelligence Council sponsored workshop entitled Implications of Global Climate Change in India on March 27,2009, brought together a panel of media experts to consider the probable effects of climate change on media from a social, political, and economic perspective. The panelists judged the practical effects of climate change on India were uncertain, but they concluded India will most likely be able to manage them out to 2030. 1) ... |
|
| Monitoring PowerTrack Payments for DoD Freight Transportation |
09-Apr-2009 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia A Marsh; INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| We determined whether DoD has established procedures to incorporate industry-wide best practices to minimize, identify, report, and recover improper payments for transportation services. The U.S. Transportation Command (TRANSCOM) is the single manager of the DoD global transportation function. In FY 2007, DoD transportation offices paid freight shippers $2.3 billion using PowerTrack, a U.S. Bank system DoD adopted in FY 1999 to pay electronically for freight services. DoD internal controls over ... |
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| Controls Over Air Force Materiel Command Unliquidated Obligations on Department of the Air Force Contracts Supporting the Global War on Terror |
03-Apr-2009 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Our audit objective was to determine whether the Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) and the Air Force properly accounted for and de-obligated unliquidated obligations (ULOs) on contracts supporting the Global War on Terror. See Appendix A for a discussion of the scope and methodology and prior coverage related to the objective. What We Found DFAS Columbus and six Air Force bases erroneously reported that they reviewed and validated 100 ... |
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| Defense Acquisitions. Measuring the Value of DOD's Weapon Programs Requires Starting with Realistic Baselines |
01-Apr-2009 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
John Oppenheim; Ron Schwenn; Bruce Fairbairn; Michael J Sullivan; Susan Neill; Ridge Bowman; Cheryl Andrew; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| We have conducted a body of work that examines weapon acquisition issues from a perspective that draws upon lessons learned from best practices in product development. Collectively, these practices comprise a process that is anchored in knowledge. Achieving the right knowledge at the right time enables leadership to make informed decisions about when and how best to move into various expensive acquisition phases. In essence, knowledge supplants risk over time. ... |
|
| Multidisciplinary Biomarkers of Early Mammary Carcinogenesis |
01-Apr-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Julie Ostrander; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The purpose of the proposed research is to develop novel optical technologies to identify high-risk premalignant changes in the breast. Our proposed research will first test specific optical parameters in breast cancer cell lines and models of early mammary carcinogenesis, and then develop methods to test the optical parameters in random periareolar fine needle aspirate (RPFNA) samples from women at high-risk for developing breast cancer. Over the last year, we ... |
|
| Dietary Fat, Eicosanoids and Breast Cancer Risk |
01-Apr-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Susan Raatz; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| Epidemiological and animal studies associate high levels of dietary fat with increased risk of sex. hormone mediated cancer, such as breast cancer. A high intake of total fat and omega-6 fatty acids increases risk while omega-3 (n3) fatty acids are associated with risk reduction. Our proposal is testing the effect of dietary fat and fatty acids on sex hormone concentrations in post-menopausal women. The objectives are to evaluate 1)the effects ... |
|
| Fire Protection for Military Ground Vehicles |
Apr-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Steve McCormick; ARMY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND WARREN MI
|
| SUMMARY: Fire remains a significant risk to military ground vehicles and their crews * Fire protection improvements continue to be made on tactical, as well as combat, vehicles * Passive fire protection techniques needed to operate effectively in emerging combat conditions * Further advances are required in the following areas: external fire protection * environmentally superior extinguishing agents * smaller and lighter components * more field-supportable products. |
|
| Molecular Connections Between Arousal and Metabolic Disease: Orexin and Modafinil |
Apr-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen C Benoit; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
|
| Metabolic diseases are known to be tightly linked to arousal-sleep cycles and impact cognitive function. Importantly, the armed forces represent a population at significant risk for increased stress and disrupted arousal-sleep cycles. Because the incidence of metabolic disease and obesity is increasing, even in these physically fit individuals, understanding the interactions between these systems is highly significant. Further, some anti-fatigue pharmacologies (e.g.,modafinil) are already used in military settings, though their ... |
|
| Genetic Association Study of Ancestry-Matched African American Prostate Cancer Cases and Control |
Apr-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
William B Isaacs; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| African American men have the highest incidence and mortality from prostate cancer in the world. Multiple reasons have been postulated to explain these findings although the definitive reasons for this are unknown. While both environmental and genetic factors may contribute to prostate cancer susceptibility, results from multiple studies consistently implicate a strong genetic component of this cancer. However, a specific gene which is consistently and reproducibly associated with prostate cancer ... |
|
| Crosstalk Between Leptin Receptor and IGF-IR in Breast Cancer: A Potential Mediator of Chemoresistance |
Apr-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Rita Nahta; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA
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| Obesity is a major risk factor for breast cancer, and is associated with reduced treatment response and reduced overall survival. The obesity-associated hormones IGF-I and leptin and their receptors, IGF-IR and leptin receptor (Ob-R), are elevated in breast cancer. Previously we showed through co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting that IGF-IR and Ob-R interact in the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MCF7, BT474, and SKBR3. Stimulation of cells with IGF-I promoted Ob-R phosphorylation, ... |
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