| Development of Antibacterials Targeting the MEP Pathway of Select Agents |
Feb 2013 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robin Couch; GEORGE MASON UNIV FAIRFAX VA
|
 | The threat of bioterrorism and the use of biological weapons against both military personnel and civilian populations has become an increasing concern for governments around the world. The 1984 Rajneeshee Salmonella attack, 2001 anthrax letter attacks, 2003 SARS outbreak, 2009 H1N1 swine flu pandemic, and the current US flu epidemic all illustrate our vulnerability to both deliberate and natural outbreaks of infectious disease and underscore the necessity of effective antimicrobial ... |
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| Targeting Transforming Growth Factor Beta to Enhance the Fracture Resistance of Bone |
Jan 2013 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffry S Nyman; VANDERBILT UNIV NASHVILLE TN
|
| Because aging can lower the fracture resistance of bone in ways that are independent of bone mass, the present project investigated the possibility that transforming growth factor (TGF)-Beta inhibition could improve multiple measurements of fracture resistance in growing, mature adult, and old rodents. TGF-Beta inhibition was achieved with a neutralizing antibody known as 1D11. When administered to growing mice for 4 weeks (13 to 17 weeks of age), 1D11 substantially ... |
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| A Computational Comparison of High Strain Rate Strength and Failure Models for Glass |
05 Nov 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy G Talladay; Douglas W Templeton; ARMY TANK AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| Computational studies are performed using the recent Holmquist-Johnson glass model and the earlier Johnson-Holmquist brittle material model. Although the JH-2 model has been adapted to provide reasonably accurate predictions for soda-lime glass, the Holmquist-Johnson model was developed specifically to replicate the behaviors of glass. Simulations of rod impact on borosilicate glass using these two models are compared to experiments involving impact of mild steel rods and borosilicate glass at ca. ... |
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| Surveillance for Enteric Pathogens in a Case-Control Study of Acute Diarrhea in Western Kenya |
Nov 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Brett E Swierczewski; Elizabeth A Odundo; Margaret C Koech; Janet N Ndonye; Ronald K Kirera; Cliff P Odhiambo; Erick K Cheruiyot; Max T Wu; James E Lee; Chunlin Zhang; Edwin V Oaks; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT-KENYA APO NEW YORK 09675
|
| Acute diarrhea remains a major public health problem in East African nations such as Kenya. Surveillance for a broad range of enteric pathogens is necessary to accurately predict the frequency of pathogens and potential changes in antibiotic resistance patterns. Stool samples were collected from September 2009 to September 2011; 193 and 239 samples, from age-matched cases and asymptomatic controls, were collected, respectively, from Kericho and Kisumu District Hospitals in western ... |
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| Next Generation Structural Composite Using Surface Grown Carbon Nanotubes |
Oct 2012 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Mahmoud R Taha; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE
|
| The goal of the project was to develop the next generation of structural composites with enhanced impact ]resistance capabilities over the current technology using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and to understand the basic science behind this development. Our objectives included 1 ] Investigating methods to grow CNTs on the surface of carbon fabrics 2 ] Investigating methods to uniformly disperse CNTs in carbon fabrics 3 ] Investigating methods to fabricate carbon ... |
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| Multifunctional Nanotherapeutic System for Advanced Prostate Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Omathanu Perumal; SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV BROOKINGS
|
| The main goal of this study is to overcome docetaxel (DTX) resistance in prostate cancer cells by combined delivery of eIF4E siRNA and DTX using dendrimer as a nanocarrier. To this end the objective of this study is to prepare, characterize and test the ability of the combination delivery approach in-vitro in DTX sensitive and resistant prostate cancer cells. We have prepared and characterized the multifunctional delivery system by conjugating ... |
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| Investigating the Regulation and Potential Role of Nonhypoxic Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) in Aromatase Inhibitor Resistant Breast Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Armina A Kazi; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE
|
| Although aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have been shown to be highly effective in treating estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer, a significant percentage of patients either do not respond to AIs or become resistant to them. Studies suggest that resistance to AIs involves a switch from dependence on ER signaling to dependence on growth factor-mediated pathways, such as human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). The mechanism by which HER2 is involved ... |
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| Role of NF-Kappa B Signaling in X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1)-Mediated Antiestrogen Resistance in Breast Cancer |
Oct 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Rong Hu; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Most breast cancer patients who undertake antiestrogen therapy eventually suffers from antiestrogen resistance. Understanding its molecular mechanism is essential for identifying potential targets to overcome antiestrogen resistance. XBP1-S, an important regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), is found highly expressed in antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells and tissues. XBP1-S is believed to function as an important antiestrogen resistance mediator as overexpression of XBP1-S is sufficient to drive resistancy to ... |
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| Waterway Equipment - Boat, Barge, Motor |
25 Sep 2012 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
ABERDEEN TEST CENTER MD SUPPORT EQUIPMENT DIV
|
| This TOP provides guidance for preparing test plans and conducting test programs to evaluate waterway equipment performance and operational characteristics and identifies required facilities and equipment. This TOP is applicable to barges; lighters; and passenger, cargo, landing, assault, picket, patrol, tug, tow, and special-purpose boats. |
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| Individual Resistance to Change |
13 Sep 2012 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey C Sandusky; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This thesis examines individual resistance to change and concludes that it is a constantly evolving process with many contributing factors. Defining resistance to change is a challenge within its own right. To account for the actions involved in change resistance is an even more complex undertaking. In this research, resistance to change is examined and explained using the influences of goals, participation, leadership effectiveness, and communication. These factors are expressed ... |
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| Optimizing the HRP-2 In Vitro Malaria Drug Susceptibility Assay Using a Reference Clone to Improve Comparisons of Plasmodium falciparum Field Isolates |
13 Sep 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Wiriya Rutvisuttinunt; Suwanna Chaorattanakawee; Stuart D Tyner; Paktiya Teja-isavadharm; Youry Se; Kritsanai Yingyuen; Panjaporn Chaichana; Delia Bethell; Douglas S Walsh; Chanthap Lon; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| Apparent emerging artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Southeast Asia requires development of practical tools to monitor for resistant parasites. Although in vitro anti-malarial susceptibility tests are widely used, uncertainties remain regarding interpretation of P. falciparum field isolate values. |
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| Growth of Gallium Nitride Nanorods and Their Coalescence Overgrowth |
07 Sep 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Chih-Chung Yang; NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIV TAIPEI
|
| With the nano-imprint lithography and the pulsed growth mode of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition, a regularly-patterned, c-axis nitride nanorod (NR) array of quite uniform geometry with simultaneous depositions of top-face, c-plane disc-like and sidewall, m-plane core-shell InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) structures is formed. The differences of geometry and composition between these two groups of QW are studied with scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In particular, the ... |
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| On the Behaviour of Porcine Adipose and Skeletal Muscle Tissues under Shock Compression |
Sep 2012 |
244 pages |
| Authors:
James M Wilgeroth; CRANFIELD UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The response of porcine adipose and skeletal muscle tissues to shock compression has been investigated using the plate-impact technique in conjunction with manganin foil pressure gauge diagnostics. This approach has allowed for measurement of the levels of uniaxial stress imparted to both skeletal muscle and rendered adipose tissue by the shock. In addition, the lateral stress component generated within adipose tissue during shock loading has also been investigated. The techniques ... |
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| Development of a High Throughput Assay for Indirectly Measuring Phage Growth Using the OmniLog (trademark) System |
Sep 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Henry; Biswajit Biswas; Leah Vincent; Vishwesh Mokashi; Raymond Schuch; Kimberly A Bishop-Lilly; Shanmuga Sozhamannan; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM
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| The conventional and most accepted method of measuring the lytic activity of a phage against its bacterial host is the plaque assay. This method is laborious, time consuming and expensive, especially in high throughput analyses where multiple phage-bacterial interactions are required to be monitored simultaneously. It can also vary considerably with the experimenter and by the growth and plating conditions. Alternatively, the lytic activity can be measured indirectly by following ... |
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| Campylobacter Antimicrobial Resistance in Peru: A Ten-year Observational Study |
16 Aug 2012 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Simon Pollett; Claudio Rocha; Rito Zerpa; Lilian Patino; Augusto Valencia; Maximo Camina; Jose Guevara; Martha Lopez; Nancy Chuquiray; Eduardo Salazar-Lindo; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST DETACHMENT LIMA (PERU)
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| Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are food-borne pathogens of great importance and feature prominently in the etiology of developing world enteritis and travellers? diarrhoea. Increasing antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter prevalence has been described globally, yet data from Peru is limited. Our objective was to describe the prevalence trends of fluoroquinolone and macrolide-resistant C. jejuni and C. coli stool isolates from three regions in Peru over a ten-year period. |
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| Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activity in the Host-Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer |
Aug 2012 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Wilson; VANDERBILT UNIV NASHVILLE TN
|
| Overcoming tumor resistance to platinum chemotherapy is critical for prolonging life in women with advanced ovarian cancer. The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kB) signaling pathway is a key mediator of tumorigenesis by linking inflammatory pathways to cancer. Inhibitors of NF-kB potentiate the effects of cytotoxic agents in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, a promising strategy in ovarian cancer treatment is the combination of NF-kB inhibitors with current platinum-based regimens. Equally relevant are the ... |
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| AR Alternative Splicing and Prostate Cancer Progression |
Jul 2012 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Scott M Dehm; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| Androgen depletion therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) invariably fails, and PCa recurs with an aggressive and lethal castration-resistant (CR) phenotype. Although androgen depletion inhibits activity of the androgen receptor (AR), continued AR function is important for resistance to androgen depletion. Therefore, even though this stage of the disease is often referred to as androgen-independent (AI), CRPCa remains an AR-dependent disease. Recently, alternatively-spliced, COOHterminally truncated AR isoform variants have been ... |
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| Chemical Agent Resistant Coating Topcoat Usage: Drivers and Trends |
Jul 2012 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
William Lum; Daniel Pope; John Escarsega; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| This report describes the factors that affect the chemical agent resistant coating (CARC) production batches used by the U.S. Army and Marine Corps. CARC is used on exterior surfaces of all joint services equipment as mandated by the U.S. Army Regulation 750-1 doctrine. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory evaluates and validates all CARC batches from the manufacturers of CARC products listed in the qualified product database. The batch approval data ... |
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| Quantifying Bulk Plasticity and Predicting Transition Velocities for Armor Ceramics Using Hardness Indentation Tests |
Jul 2012 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Corydon D Hilton; James W McCauley; Jeffrey J Swab; Eugene R Shanholtz; Andrew R Portune; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Many studies have shown that harder ceramics generally perform better in armor applications; however, the nature of the relationship between hardness and ballistic performance is not understood to a degree that is useful in materials development. In addition, some research has suggested that a material's potential for inelastic deformation (or its quasi-plasticity-a bulk property) may also play an important role in its resistance to penetration. Methods of quantifying the bulk ... |
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| Modeling Heterogeneous Carbon Nanotube Networks for Photovoltaic Applications Using Silvaco Atlas Software |
Jun 2012 |
97 pages |
| Authors:
Adam R Garfrerick; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Recent developments in carbon nanotube technology have allowed for semi-transparent electrodes to be created which can possibly improve the efficiency of solar cells. A method for simulating the use of semi-transparent carbon nanotube networks as a charge collector for solar cells in Silvaco ATLAS software is presented in this thesis. Semi-transparent carbon nanotube networks allow for a greater area of charge collection on the surface of solar cells as well ... |
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| One-Pot Synthesis of Conducting Graphene Polymer Composites and Its Strain Sensing Application (Preprint) |
Mar 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Varrla Eswaraiah; Krishnan Balasubramaniam; Sundara Ramaprabhu; INDIAN INST OF TECHNOLOGY CHENNAI (INDIA)
|
| In-situ reduction of graphite oxide in polymer powder has been implemented using focused solar electromagnetic radiation. Graphene has proved that it can act as alternative filler in nanocomposites due to its high electronic transport properties and its use in advanced polymer composites for EMI shielding applications. With an applied load, strain measured and corresponding change in resistance of the reduced graphite oxide-polymer composites has been observed. The morphological, structural, electrical, ... |
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| Morphological, Thermal, Electrical and Electromechanical Properties of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF)-Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Composites (Preprint) |
Mar 2012 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Varrla Eswaraiah; Krishnan Balasubramaniam; Sundara Ramaprabhu; INDIAN INST OF TECHNOLOGY CHENNAI (INDIA)
|
| Functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposites are prepared by high rate shear mixing of homogeneous suspension of f-CNTs and PVDF polymer with different weight fractions of f-CNTs. Morphology analyses show that microspheres of PVDF have been formed throughout the composite and carbon nanotubes are embedded within and in between the microspheres. As the concentration of carbon nanotubes increases in the polymer, end to end contact of the ... |
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| Spin-Torque Microwave Detectors |
06 Feb 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Oleksandr V Prokopenko; Ilya N Krivorotov; Thomas J Meitzler; Elena Bankowski; Vasil S Tiberkevich; Andrei N Slavin; OAKLAND UNIV ROCHESTER MI DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| It is known that the spin-transfer torque (STT) effect provides a new method of manipulation of magnetization in nano-scale objects. According to the STT effect bias DC current traversing magnetic multilayers can transfer angular magnetic moments from one layer to another, which can give rise to the micro-wave dynamics of magnetization in the layer. However, it is clear that an inverse effect is also possible. This inverse effect leads to ... |
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| Suppression of BRCA2 by Mutant Mitochondrial DNA in Prostate Cancer |
Feb 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jer-Tsong Hsieh; TEXAS UNIV SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL SCHOOL AT DALLAS
|
| Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are frequent in prostate cancer and they seem to occur early during prostate malignant transformation. Depletion of mtDNA in prostate cancer cells has been linked to acquisition of androgenindependence, progression to an invasive phenotype that is resistant to conventional chemotherapies, as well as induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition leading to cancer metastasis. Using long-range genomic polymerase chain reaction, large deletion of mtDNA can be detected in ... |
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| Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Growth of Estrogen-Insensitive Metastatic Bone Lesions |
Jan 2012 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole Nickerson; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| While many women with breast cancer will use estrogen receptor therapeutics such as fulvestrant, resistance is nearly inevitable. Recently, it has been noted that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family plays a vital role in metastasis to bone; also cross signaling with the transforming growth factor receptor type II (TGFBR2) has been noted to increase levels of destructive environmental cytokines. Therefore we are examining the role of EGFR/TGFBR2 cross ... |
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| Battling Fatigue in Aviation: Recent Advancements in Research and Practice |
Jan 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
J L Caldwell; Joseph F Chandler; Beth M Hartzler; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT DAYTON WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Despite knowledge gained through decades of research, fatigue due to insufficient sleep remains an ingrained part of military and commercial aviation and represents a major threat to the health, safety, and effectiveness of aircrew. Long duty periods, high workloads, circadian disruptions, and insuffi cient recovery time between fl ights ensure sleepiness is a continued problem for both civilian and military aircrew. The majority of our knowledge concerning the effects of ... |
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| Frictional Torque on a Rotating Disc |
Jan 2012 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Carl E Mungan; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Resistance to motion often includes a dry frictional term independent of the speed of an object and a fluid drag term varying linearly with speed in the viscous limit. (At higher speeds, quadratic drag can also occur.) Here measurements are performed for an aluminium disc mounted on bearings that is given an initial twist and allowed to spin until it comes to a stop. It is found that a sum ... |
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| Exploitation of Unintentional Information Leakage from Integrated Circuits |
Dec 2011 |
220 pages |
| Authors:
William E Cobb; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Unintentional electromagnetic emissions are used to recognize or verify the identity of a unique integrated circuit (IC) based on fabrication process-induced variations in a manner analogous to biometric human identification. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated through an extensive empirical study, with results presented indicating correct device identification success rates of greater than 99:5%, and average verification equal error rates (EERs) of less than 0:05% for 40 near-identical devices. ... |
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| Allelic Variation on Murine Chromosome 11 Modifies Host Inflammatory Responses and Resistance to Bacillus anthracis |
Dec 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jill K Terra; Bryan France; Christopher K Cote; Amy Jenkins; Joel A Bozue; Susan L Welkos; Ragini Bhargava; Chi-Lee Ho; Margarete Mehrabian; Calvin Pan; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD BACTERIOLOGY DIV
|
| Anthrax is a potentially fatal disease resulting from infection with Bacillus anthracis. The outcome of infection is influenced by pathogen-encoded virulence factors such as lethal toxin (LT), as well as by genetic variation within the host. To identify host genes controlling susceptibility to anthrax, a library of congenic mice consisting of strains with homozygous chromosomal segments from the LT-responsive CAST/Ei strain introgressed on a LT-resistant C57BL/6 (B6) background was screened ... |
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| Validation of Resistance Predictions Using Total Ship Drag (TSD) |
Dec 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Wesley Wilson; Dane Hendrix; Francis Noblesse; Joe Gorski; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| A robust computational tool has been under development at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) over the past several years to rapidly predict the resistance of ships, including high-speed ships and unconventional hull forms. The total ship drag (TSD) program utilizes slender ship theory to predict the wave-making resistance, the ITTC friction line to estimate frictional resistance, and adds several other components based on empirical data. The different ... |
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| An Enterobacter Plasmid as a New Genetic Background for the Transposon Tn1331 |
25 Nov 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Mohammad R Alavi; Vlado Antonic; Adrien Ravizee; Peter J Weina; Mina Izadjoo; Alexander Stojadinovic; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
| Genus Enterobacter includes important opportunistic nosocomial pathogens that could infect complex wounds. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in these microorganisms represents a challenging clinical problem in the treatment of these wounds. In the authors screening of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from complex wounds, an Enterobacter species was isolated that harbors antibiotic-resistant plasmids conferring resistance to Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to identify the resistance genes carried by one ... |
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| Approaching Resistance to Targeted Inhibition of PI3K in Breast Cancer |
01 Oct 2011 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Nina Ilic; HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL BOSTON MA
|
| The phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase (PI3K)-pathway is frequently activated in breast cancer; therefore, considerable effort is focused on identifying compounds that can inhibit specific pathway components, in particular the hallmark oncogene PIK3CA. While targeted inhibition of a cancer survival gene holds significant promise, there are concerns that drug resistance may emerge within the cancerous cells, thus limiting clinical efficacy. Using genetically defined human mammary epithelial cells, we evolved resistance to the ... |
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| Determining the Mechanism of Six1-Induced TRAIL Resistance and Its Role in Breast Cancer Metastasis |
Oct 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Lina Dimberg; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second deadliest. The gene Six1 is aberrantly expressed in half of all breast cancer tumors and in as much as 90% of metastatic tumors and has been shown to lead to increased tumor formation, increased metastasis and shorter survival. In addition, Six1 expression has been shown to confer resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In this project, we are identifying factors ... |
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| Role of NF-Kappa B Signaling in X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1)-Mediated Antiestrogen Resistance in Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Rong Hu; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Most breast cancer patients who undertake antiestrogen therapy eventually suffers from antiestrogen resistance. Understanding its molecular mechanism is essential for identifying potential targets to overcome antiestrogen resistance. XBP1-S, an important regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), is found highly expressed in antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells and tissues. XBP1-S is believed to function as an important antiestrogen resistance mediator as overexpression of XBP1-S is sufficient to drive resistancy to ... |
|
| A Novel Mechanism of High-Level, Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Resistance Caused by a Single Base Pair Change in Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
20 Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth A Ohneck; Yaramah M Zalucki; Paul J Johnson; Vijaya Dhulipala; Daniel Golparian; Magnus Unemo; Ann E Jerse; William M Shafer; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD F EDWARD HEBERT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The MtrC-MtrD-MtrE multidrug efflux pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae confers resistance to a diverse array of antimicrobial agents by transporting these toxic compounds out of the gonococcus. Frequently in gonococcal strains, the expression of the mtrCDE operon is differentially regulated by both a repressor, MtrR, and an activator, MtrA. The mtrR gene lies 250 bp upstream of and is transcribed divergently from the mtrCDE operon. Previous research has shown that mutations ... |
|
| The Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Marie Monaco; NEW YORK UNIV NY
|
| The goal of this proposal was to determine whether there were differences in fatty acid activation between estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer. As a result of support provided by this award, we have been able to expand this investigation to include other hormone receptor biomarkers, and have determined that expression of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) is negatively correlated with expression of ER, androgen ... |
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| Nrdp1-Mediated ErbB3 Increase During Androgen Ablation and Its Contribution to Androgen-Independence |
Sep 2011 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Paramita M Ghosh; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| In the past year, our laboratory has made significant strides towards the translation of observations made in the laboratory into clinical strategies that would help patients with prostate cancer. At the time of the last report, in a high profile article in Cancer Research, we had shown that ErbB3 is upregulated in prostate cancer cells undergoing androgen ablation, and this upregulation may be a major cause of the progression of ... |
|
| Deregulation of miRNAs Contributes to Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph W deVere White; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| This DOD grant aims to identify biomolecules that are crucial in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. In the first year we found that miR-125b directly targets p53, Puma and Bak1. In the 2nd year, we focused on Aim 2 and have obtained exciting results: 1) miR-125b promotes prostatic tumor growth and also induces castrate-resistant growth in a mouse model; 2) miR-125-mediated suppression of apoptosis signaling contributes to the growth of ... |
|
| The Role of elF4E Activity in Breast Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Hughes; LEEDS UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| Increased expression of eIF4E occurs in breast cancers and contributes to carcinogenesis by stimulating expression of cancer-related genes. However, eIF4E activity is a function of activating and inhibitory influences determined by expression and phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs). Rapamycin and everolimus are potential cancer drugs that target eIF4E indirectly by modifying 4E-BP function. Our hypothesis was that combined analyses of eIF4E and 4E-BPs would allow insights into eIF4E ... |
|
| NF-KappaB2/p52 Activation and Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Allen Gao; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| The goal of this project is to characterize the role of NF-kappaB2/p52 in the aberrant activation of AR signaling in castrationresistant prostate cancer. Our preliminary data demonstrate that NF-kappaB2/p52 is expressed at high levels in prostate canceand that overexpression of NF- B2/p52 facilitates castration resistant prostate cancer progression by activation of AR signalingand rescue of cancer cells from apoptotic death induced by androgen deprivation. Our hypothesis is that NF-kappaB2/p52activates the ... |
|
| Developing Infrared (IR) Transparent Conductive Electrode Technology for Multi-Functional Infrared (IR) Sensing |
13 JUL 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Xuejun Lu; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV LOWELL
|
| Transparent conductive electrode technology has long been desired in a great variety of applications, such as light-emitting diode (LED), solar cells, transparent smart skins, invisible electronics and antennas, and embedded sensing and imaging. Current state-of-the-art transparent conductive electrode technology is based on indium tin oxide (ITO). However, ITO is high transparent only in the visible region. In MIR/LWIR spectrum region, the transmission of the ITO electrode is poor. (Our recent ... |
|
| Contract Management of Joint Logistics Integrator Services in Support of Mine Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicles Needs Improvement |
11 JUL 2011 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| This is the third report in a series on maintenance support contracts for Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles. We reviewed and evaluated the Army's award and administration of the Joint Logistics Integrator (JLI) contracts. The initial contract, awarded in 2007, was valued at $193.4 million, and the follow-on contract, awarded in 2009, was valued at $285.5 million. What We Found Army Contracting Command (ACC)-Warren and Joint Program Office (JPO) ... |
|
| Chemical Suppression of the Reactivated Androgen Signaling Pathway in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer |
Jul 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph Buttyan; ORDWAY RESEARCH INST ALBANY NY
|
| The project studies the relationship between Hedgehog Signaling and hyperactive androgen signaling in androgen independent prostate cancer and tests the idea that Hedgehog inhibitors can block hyperactive androgen signaling leading to suppression of castration resistant tumor growth. Progress during this first annual period has established a relationship between the expression and/or activity of Hedgehog signaling proteins (Smoothened, Gli1 and Gli2) and increased androgen signaling and androgen independent (AI) growth of ... |
|
| Floating Double Deck Pier Fenders |
Jul 2011 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Abraham; Cameron Stewart; Darren Finklea; NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND PORT HUENEME CA ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER
|
| A long term test program was performed by the University of California San Diego (UCSD) under contract by Berger/ABAM to determine the level of performance of the fender configuration used on the Modular Hybrid Pier (MHP) Test Bed. During the test, the fender underwent an undesirable sideway buckling. Berger/ABAM revised the fender design for the Floating Double Deck Pier (FDDP) by redesigning the MHP Test Bed uniaxial fender composed of ... |
|
| Civil Information and Intelligence Fusion: Making "Non-Traditional" into "New Traditional" for the JTF Commander |
22 JUN 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Martin J. Lindenmayer; DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON DC
|
| In today's operational environment, theorists and practitioners of irregular warfare (IW) realize that understanding the civilian population is as critical to a successful campaign as traditional intelligence. Still, civil information is not universally accessible by intelligence professionals and intelligence organizations frequently do not dedicate enough effort to support the process of integrating unclassified civil information (e.g. religion, values, economy, infrastructure, etc) into the intelligence picture presented to the JTF Commander. ... |
|
| Plasma Diagnostics with a High Aspect Ratio Cylindrical Probe Used as an Impedance Probe |
27 MAY 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
D. N. Walker; R. F. Fernsler; D. D. Blackwell; W. E. Amatucci; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHARGED PARTICLE PHYSICS BRANCH
|
| Using a network analyzer to supply a driving rf signal to varying sizes of spherical probes in plasma, we have performed plasma diagnostics using theory based on an assumption of a thin sheath and a collisionless plasma. The rf signal applied to the probe by the network analyzer is small in magnitude compared to probe bias voltages and the instrument returns both real and imaginary parts of the complex plasma ... |
|
| Molecular Basis of Autophagy-Mediated Resistance to Radiation and Apo2L/TRAIL Therapy in Prostate Cancer Cells |
MAY 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Kamini Singh; CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION OH
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| Cell death and survival signaling pathways are important for the cellular response against ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapy in prostate cancer (PCa). IR and Apo2L/TRAIL, are widely used as therapeutics for PCa, however cellular resistance developed over the time may hinder their effectiveness. In this study we have investigated the response of Apo2L/TRAIL and IR in PCa cell lines. PC3 cells were more sensitive to Apo2L/TRAIL-mediated cell death as compared ... |
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| Vaccination with Dendritic Cell Myeloma Fusions in Conjunction with Stem Cell Transplantation and PD-1 Blockade |
May 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
David Avigan; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
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| Most patients with multiple myeloma achieve a complete or near complete response following autologous transplantation. However, patients experience disease relapse from a persistent reservoir of chemotherapy resistant disease. There has been strong interest in developing immunotherapeutic strategies to eradicate residual disease following autologous transplantation. Our group has developed a tumor vaccine model whereby dendritic cells are fused with tumor cells. In clinical trials, vaccination with fusion cell results in anti-tumor ... |
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| MEMS Based Thermopile Infrared Detector Array for Chemical and Biological Sensing |
20 APR 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Gaalema; Jim Gates; Stephen Van Duyne; BLACK FOREST ENGINEERING INC COLORADO SPRINGS CO
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| Black Forest Engineering's (BFE's) objective of the Phase I effort was to develop thermopile infrared detector linear arrays meeting the requirements of chemical and biological sensing such as Foster-Miller's Infrared Bio-Aerosol Threat Alert (IBATA) system. BFE's thermopile fabrication objective is to use materials and processes compatible with standard silicon based integrated circuit foundries in order to reduce cost. The fabrication of silicon-based thermopiles, differentially coupled with advanced BFE CMOS readout ... |
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| TLK1 and Rad9 Cooperate in XRT-Refractory CaP |
Apr 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Arrigo De Benedetti; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV IN SHREVEPORT
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| The main purpose of our work is to determine the expression pattern of TLKs and Rad9 in prostate cancer cell lines and in patients biopsies, and their relation to radiation resistance and (consequently) XRT failure. A second project was to identify compounds that inhibit the activity of TLKs and its phosphorylation of Rad9, and then determine the in vitro consequences of applying these compounds to the pattern of radiation sensitivity. ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
RESISTANCE
