| Spin-Torque Microwave Detectors |
06 Feb 2012 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Oleksandr V Prokopenko; Ilya N Krivorotov; Thomas J Meitzler; Elena Bankowski; Vasil S Tiberkevich; Andrei N Slavin; OAKLAND UNIV ROCHESTER MI DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
 | It is known that the spin-transfer torque (STT) effect provides a new method of manipulation of magnetization in nano-scale objects. According to the STT effect bias DC current traversing magnetic multilayers can transfer angular magnetic moments from one layer to another, which can give rise to the micro-wave dynamics of magnetization in the layer. However, it is clear that an inverse effect is also possible. This inverse effect leads to ... |
|
| Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Growth of Estrogen-Insensitive Metastatic Bone Lesions |
Jan 2012 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole Nickerson; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| While many women with breast cancer will use estrogen receptor therapeutics such as fulvestrant, resistance is nearly inevitable. Recently, it has been noted that the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family plays a vital role in metastasis to bone; also cross signaling with the transforming growth factor receptor type II (TGFBR2) has been noted to increase levels of destructive environmental cytokines. Therefore we are examining the role of EGFR/TGFBR2 cross ... |
|
| Exploitation of Unintentional Information Leakage from Integrated Circuits |
Dec 2011 |
220 pages |
| Authors:
William E Cobb; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Unintentional electromagnetic emissions are used to recognize or verify the identity of a unique integrated circuit (IC) based on fabrication process-induced variations in a manner analogous to biometric human identification. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated through an extensive empirical study, with results presented indicating correct device identification success rates of greater than 99:5%, and average verification equal error rates (EERs) of less than 0:05% for 40 near-identical devices. ... |
|
| Allelic Variation on Murine Chromosome 11 Modifies Host Inflammatory Responses and Resistance to Bacillus anthracis |
Dec 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jill K Terra; Bryan France; Christopher K Cote; Amy Jenkins; Joel A Bozue; Susan L Welkos; Ragini Bhargava; Chi-Lee Ho; Margarete Mehrabian; Calvin Pan; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD BACTERIOLOGY DIV
|
| Anthrax is a potentially fatal disease resulting from infection with Bacillus anthracis. The outcome of infection is influenced by pathogen-encoded virulence factors such as lethal toxin (LT), as well as by genetic variation within the host. To identify host genes controlling susceptibility to anthrax, a library of congenic mice consisting of strains with homozygous chromosomal segments from the LT-responsive CAST/Ei strain introgressed on a LT-resistant C57BL/6 (B6) background was screened ... |
|
| Validation of Resistance Predictions Using Total Ship Drag (TSD) |
Dec 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Wesley Wilson; Dane Hendrix; Francis Noblesse; Joe Gorski; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| A robust computational tool has been under development at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) over the past several years to rapidly predict the resistance of ships, including high-speed ships and unconventional hull forms. The total ship drag (TSD) program utilizes slender ship theory to predict the wave-making resistance, the ITTC friction line to estimate frictional resistance, and adds several other components based on empirical data. The different ... |
|
| An Enterobacter Plasmid as a New Genetic Background for the Transposon Tn1331 |
25 Nov 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Mohammad R Alavi; Vlado Antonic; Adrien Ravizee; Peter J Weina; Mina Izadjoo; Alexander Stojadinovic; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
| Genus Enterobacter includes important opportunistic nosocomial pathogens that could infect complex wounds. The presence of antibiotic resistance genes in these microorganisms represents a challenging clinical problem in the treatment of these wounds. In the authors screening of antibiotic-resistant bacteria from complex wounds, an Enterobacter species was isolated that harbors antibiotic-resistant plasmids conferring resistance to Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to identify the resistance genes carried by one ... |
|
| Approaching Resistance to Targeted Inhibition of PI3K in Breast Cancer |
01 Oct 2011 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Nina Ilic; HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL BOSTON MA
|
| The phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase (PI3K)-pathway is frequently activated in breast cancer; therefore, considerable effort is focused on identifying compounds that can inhibit specific pathway components, in particular the hallmark oncogene PIK3CA. While targeted inhibition of a cancer survival gene holds significant promise, there are concerns that drug resistance may emerge within the cancerous cells, thus limiting clinical efficacy. Using genetically defined human mammary epithelial cells, we evolved resistance to the ... |
|
| Determining the Mechanism of Six1-Induced TRAIL Resistance and Its Role in Breast Cancer Metastasis |
Oct 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Lina Dimberg; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and the second deadliest. The gene Six1 is aberrantly expressed in half of all breast cancer tumors and in as much as 90% of metastatic tumors and has been shown to lead to increased tumor formation, increased metastasis and shorter survival. In addition, Six1 expression has been shown to confer resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In this project, we are identifying factors ... |
|
| Role of NF-Kappa B Signaling in X-Box Binding Protein 1 (XBP1)-Mediated Antiestrogen Resistance in Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Rong Hu; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Most breast cancer patients who undertake antiestrogen therapy eventually suffers from antiestrogen resistance. Understanding its molecular mechanism is essential for identifying potential targets to overcome antiestrogen resistance. XBP1-S, an important regulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR), is found highly expressed in antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells and tissues. XBP1-S is believed to function as an important antiestrogen resistance mediator as overexpression of XBP1-S is sufficient to drive resistancy to ... |
|
| A Novel Mechanism of High-Level, Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Resistance Caused by a Single Base Pair Change in Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
20 Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth A Ohneck; Yaramah M Zalucki; Paul J Johnson; Vijaya Dhulipala; Daniel Golparian; Magnus Unemo; Ann E Jerse; William M Shafer; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD F EDWARD HEBERT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The MtrC-MtrD-MtrE multidrug efflux pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae confers resistance to a diverse array of antimicrobial agents by transporting these toxic compounds out of the gonococcus. Frequently in gonococcal strains, the expression of the mtrCDE operon is differentially regulated by both a repressor, MtrR, and an activator, MtrA. The mtrR gene lies 250 bp upstream of and is transcribed divergently from the mtrCDE operon. Previous research has shown that mutations ... |
|
| The Role of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Estrogen Receptor-Negative Breast Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Marie Monaco; NEW YORK UNIV NY
|
| The goal of this proposal was to determine whether there were differences in fatty acid activation between estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer. As a result of support provided by this award, we have been able to expand this investigation to include other hormone receptor biomarkers, and have determined that expression of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) is negatively correlated with expression of ER, androgen ... |
|
| Nrdp1-Mediated ErbB3 Increase During Androgen Ablation and Its Contribution to Androgen-Independence |
Sep 2011 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Paramita M Ghosh; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| In the past year, our laboratory has made significant strides towards the translation of observations made in the laboratory into clinical strategies that would help patients with prostate cancer. At the time of the last report, in a high profile article in Cancer Research, we had shown that ErbB3 is upregulated in prostate cancer cells undergoing androgen ablation, and this upregulation may be a major cause of the progression of ... |
|
| Deregulation of miRNAs Contributes to Development and Progression of Prostate Cancer |
Sep 2011 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph W deVere White; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| This DOD grant aims to identify biomolecules that are crucial in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. In the first year we found that miR-125b directly targets p53, Puma and Bak1. In the 2nd year, we focused on Aim 2 and have obtained exciting results: 1) miR-125b promotes prostatic tumor growth and also induces castrate-resistant growth in a mouse model; 2) miR-125-mediated suppression of apoptosis signaling contributes to the growth of ... |
|
| The Role of elF4E Activity in Breast Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Hughes; LEEDS UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| Increased expression of eIF4E occurs in breast cancers and contributes to carcinogenesis by stimulating expression of cancer-related genes. However, eIF4E activity is a function of activating and inhibitory influences determined by expression and phosphorylation of eIF4E and eIF4E-binding proteins (4E-BPs). Rapamycin and everolimus are potential cancer drugs that target eIF4E indirectly by modifying 4E-BP function. Our hypothesis was that combined analyses of eIF4E and 4E-BPs would allow insights into eIF4E ... |
|
| NF-KappaB2/p52 Activation and Androgen Receptor Signaling in Prostate Cancer |
Aug 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Allen Gao; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| The goal of this project is to characterize the role of NF-kappaB2/p52 in the aberrant activation of AR signaling in castrationresistant prostate cancer. Our preliminary data demonstrate that NF-kappaB2/p52 is expressed at high levels in prostate canceand that overexpression of NF- B2/p52 facilitates castration resistant prostate cancer progression by activation of AR signalingand rescue of cancer cells from apoptotic death induced by androgen deprivation. Our hypothesis is that NF-kappaB2/p52activates the ... |
|
| Developing Infrared (IR) Transparent Conductive Electrode Technology for Multi-Functional Infrared (IR) Sensing |
13 JUL 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Xuejun Lu; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV LOWELL
|
| Transparent conductive electrode technology has long been desired in a great variety of applications, such as light-emitting diode (LED), solar cells, transparent smart skins, invisible electronics and antennas, and embedded sensing and imaging. Current state-of-the-art transparent conductive electrode technology is based on indium tin oxide (ITO). However, ITO is high transparent only in the visible region. In MIR/LWIR spectrum region, the transmission of the ITO electrode is poor. (Our recent ... |
|
| Contract Management of Joint Logistics Integrator Services in Support of Mine Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicles Needs Improvement |
11 JUL 2011 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| This is the third report in a series on maintenance support contracts for Mine Resistant Ambush Protected (MRAP) vehicles. We reviewed and evaluated the Army's award and administration of the Joint Logistics Integrator (JLI) contracts. The initial contract, awarded in 2007, was valued at $193.4 million, and the follow-on contract, awarded in 2009, was valued at $285.5 million. What We Found Army Contracting Command (ACC)-Warren and Joint Program Office (JPO) ... |
|
| Chemical Suppression of the Reactivated Androgen Signaling Pathway in Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer |
Jul 2011 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph Buttyan; ORDWAY RESEARCH INST ALBANY NY
|
| The project studies the relationship between Hedgehog Signaling and hyperactive androgen signaling in androgen independent prostate cancer and tests the idea that Hedgehog inhibitors can block hyperactive androgen signaling leading to suppression of castration resistant tumor growth. Progress during this first annual period has established a relationship between the expression and/or activity of Hedgehog signaling proteins (Smoothened, Gli1 and Gli2) and increased androgen signaling and androgen independent (AI) growth of ... |
|
| Floating Double Deck Pier Fenders |
Jul 2011 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Abraham; Cameron Stewart; Darren Finklea; NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND PORT HUENEME CA ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER
|
| A long term test program was performed by the University of California San Diego (UCSD) under contract by Berger/ABAM to determine the level of performance of the fender configuration used on the Modular Hybrid Pier (MHP) Test Bed. During the test, the fender underwent an undesirable sideway buckling. Berger/ABAM revised the fender design for the Floating Double Deck Pier (FDDP) by redesigning the MHP Test Bed uniaxial fender composed of ... |
|
| Civil Information and Intelligence Fusion: Making "Non-Traditional" into "New Traditional" for the JTF Commander |
22 JUN 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Martin J. Lindenmayer; DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE AGENCY WASHINGTON DC
|
| In today's operational environment, theorists and practitioners of irregular warfare (IW) realize that understanding the civilian population is as critical to a successful campaign as traditional intelligence. Still, civil information is not universally accessible by intelligence professionals and intelligence organizations frequently do not dedicate enough effort to support the process of integrating unclassified civil information (e.g. religion, values, economy, infrastructure, etc) into the intelligence picture presented to the JTF Commander. ... |
|
| Plasma Diagnostics with a High Aspect Ratio Cylindrical Probe Used as an Impedance Probe |
27 MAY 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
D. N. Walker; R. F. Fernsler; D. D. Blackwell; W. E. Amatucci; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHARGED PARTICLE PHYSICS BRANCH
|
| Using a network analyzer to supply a driving rf signal to varying sizes of spherical probes in plasma, we have performed plasma diagnostics using theory based on an assumption of a thin sheath and a collisionless plasma. The rf signal applied to the probe by the network analyzer is small in magnitude compared to probe bias voltages and the instrument returns both real and imaginary parts of the complex plasma ... |
|
| Molecular Basis of Autophagy-Mediated Resistance to Radiation and Apo2L/TRAIL Therapy in Prostate Cancer Cells |
MAY 2011 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Kamini Singh; CLEVELAND CLINIC FOUNDATION OH
|
| Cell death and survival signaling pathways are important for the cellular response against ionizing radiation (IR) and chemotherapy in prostate cancer (PCa). IR and Apo2L/TRAIL, are widely used as therapeutics for PCa, however cellular resistance developed over the time may hinder their effectiveness. In this study we have investigated the response of Apo2L/TRAIL and IR in PCa cell lines. PC3 cells were more sensitive to Apo2L/TRAIL-mediated cell death as compared ... |
|
| Vaccination with Dendritic Cell Myeloma Fusions in Conjunction with Stem Cell Transplantation and PD-1 Blockade |
May 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
David Avigan; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| Most patients with multiple myeloma achieve a complete or near complete response following autologous transplantation. However, patients experience disease relapse from a persistent reservoir of chemotherapy resistant disease. There has been strong interest in developing immunotherapeutic strategies to eradicate residual disease following autologous transplantation. Our group has developed a tumor vaccine model whereby dendritic cells are fused with tumor cells. In clinical trials, vaccination with fusion cell results in anti-tumor ... |
|
| MEMS Based Thermopile Infrared Detector Array for Chemical and Biological Sensing |
20 APR 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Gaalema; Jim Gates; Stephen Van Duyne; BLACK FOREST ENGINEERING INC COLORADO SPRINGS CO
|
| Black Forest Engineering's (BFE's) objective of the Phase I effort was to develop thermopile infrared detector linear arrays meeting the requirements of chemical and biological sensing such as Foster-Miller's Infrared Bio-Aerosol Threat Alert (IBATA) system. BFE's thermopile fabrication objective is to use materials and processes compatible with standard silicon based integrated circuit foundries in order to reduce cost. The fabrication of silicon-based thermopiles, differentially coupled with advanced BFE CMOS readout ... |
|
| TLK1 and Rad9 Cooperate in XRT-Refractory CaP |
Apr 2011 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Arrigo De Benedetti; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV IN SHREVEPORT
|
| The main purpose of our work is to determine the expression pattern of TLKs and Rad9 in prostate cancer cell lines and in patients biopsies, and their relation to radiation resistance and (consequently) XRT failure. A second project was to identify compounds that inhibit the activity of TLKs and its phosphorylation of Rad9, and then determine the in vitro consequences of applying these compounds to the pattern of radiation sensitivity. ... |
|
| Environmental and Chemical Aging of Fatty-Acid-Based Vinyl Ester Composites |
Apr 2011 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Steven E Boyd; John J La Scala; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| As part of an ongoing validation effort to replace conventional monolithic materials with composite material structures for proposed U.S. Department of Defense applications, environmental and chemical aging was conducted on selected glass-reinforced vinyl ester matrix composites. The composites consisted of two matrices: commercially available vinyl ester resins with styrene contents greater than 40 weight-percent and more environmentally friendly, sustainable vinyl ester resins with methacrylated fatty acids to replace a significant ... |
|
| Metabolic Regulation of Caspase 2 in Breast Cancer |
Apr 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Marisa Buchakjian; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| A major obstacle impeding the use of cytotoxic agents in breast cancer treatment is the cancer cell s ability to evade cell death pathways. Therapies which induce apoptosis in otherwise resistant cancer cells have the potential to treat a variety of cancers, including breast cancer. Our research focuses on the apical apoptotic enzyme caspase 2 (C2), which has been proposed as a critical activating protease for breast cancer chemotherapeutic agents ... |
|
| Changing the "Ways" of the Institutional Army's Leader Development Strategy |
24 MAR 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Scott King; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The "Ways" of the Institutional Army's Leader Development Strategy must change to accomplish the stated "Ends," including developing agile and adaptive leaders. Specifically, the Institutional Army must change from strict reliance on task-based, input-focused "Ways" to incorporate a skills-based, outcome focused "Ways" to develop agile and adaptive leaders to face the challenges of the current and future environments. Developing agile and adaptive leaders who are critical thinkers is instrumental to ... |
|
| Mao's War of Resistance: Framework for China's Grand Strategy |
17 Mar 2011 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Tony K Cho; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| What framework best explains China s grand strategy? Some postulate a transition of power theory: that China is a rising power to challenge the status quo power, the United States, and globally competes with or attempts to replace the latter. Others believe that China desires to be a regional hegemon and return Asia to a China-centered sphere. Many also believe that China drives to overcome the social construct of century ... |
|
| Estrogen Receptor/MAPK Crosstalk as a Mechanism of Radiation Resistance of Breast Cancer |
Mar 2011 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Anupama Munshi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Loss of estrogen receptor (ER) function has been associated with hyperactive ERK1/2, which culminates in aggressive, radiation resistant cancers. The ERK1/2 pathway has also been linked to DNA damage and repair, with multiple proteins involved in DNA repair being transcriptionally regulated through ERK1/2-dependent signaling. An increased DNA repair capacity in ER- negative breast tumors has bee implicated as a mechanism of radioresistance. We postulate that the mechanism of development of ... |
|
| Geopolymer Porous Nanoceramics for Structural Smart and Thermal Shock Resistant Applications |
02 FEB 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Waltraud M. Kriven; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
|
| We have continued our work to understand and elucidate the microstructure of geopolymers and geopolymer composites, as fabricated and upon conversion to ceramics with heating. The microstucture consisted of nanoporous, nanparticular precipitates and contains 40% nanoporosity of average diamter 6.8nm in the case of K-based geopolymer. The room temperature compressive strengths were systematically investigated as a function of Group I charge balancing cations (Na, K and Cs and mixtures of ... |
|
| Environmentally Friendly Anticorrosion Coating for High Strength Fasteners |
Jan 2011 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Mathew Scott; PPG INDUSTRIES INC ALLISON PARK PA PPG COATINGS AND RESINS GROUP
|
| There exists a need for environmentally benign coatings to eliminate cadmium and/or chromate containing coatings on high-strength fasteners. These alternative replacement coatings would provide high-strength, corrosion resistant fasteners for use in weapon systems. Traditionally, high-strength steels have been used with cadmium (Cd) electroplated coatings, followed by a hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) rinse. The environmental and human health hazards associated with both cadmium and chromates are well established. The elimination of hazardous ... |
|
| Trimaran Resistance Artificial Neural Network |
Jan 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Richard A Royce; Andrei Mouravieff; Aurore Zuzick; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| The location of trimaran side-hulls (amas) plays an important role in the wave-making resistance of the vessel. This research investigated interference effects for a Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division (NSWCCD) sealift concept design. The experiments were conducted at Webb Institute?s Robinson Model Basin over a two year period. This data is thought to be one of the most comprehensive sets of test data on side-hull placement for a single ... |
|
| Lifetime Predictions for Carbon Steel in Natural Fresh Water |
2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
J. S. Lee; R. I. Ray; B. J. Little; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Corrosion rates of carbon steel in Duluth-Superior Harbor (DSH) were measured over a 3-year period using weight loss, pit depth measurements and linear polarization resistance (LPR). Corrosion coupons were placed in racks throughout the harbor and removed periodically for weight loss and pit depth measurements. LPR measurements were made at rack locations. Estimated corrosion rates varied among the techniques and there were no obvious relationships between predicted rates from the ... |
|
| A Portable Thermoelectric Power Generator Based on a Microfabricated Silicon Combustor with Low Resistance to Flow |
14 DEC 2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
C. H. Marton; G. S. Haldeman; K. F. Jensen; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| A portable-scale thermoelectric power generator was designed, fabricated, and tested. The basis of the system is a mesoscale silicon reactor for the combustion of butane over an alumina-supported platinum catalyst. The system is integrated with commercial bismuth telluride thermoelectric modules to produce 5.8 W of electrical power with a chemical-to-electrical conversion efficiency of 2.5% (based on LHV). The energy and power densities of the demonstrated system are 321 W h ... |
|
| Full-scale Experimental Evaluation of Partially Grouted, Minimally Reinforced Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU) Walls Against Blast Demands |
30 Nov 2010 |
201 pages |
| Authors:
James S Davidson; John M Hoemann; Jonathon S Shull; Hani A Salim; Robert J Dinan; Michael I Hammons; Bryan T Bewick; AUBURN UNIV AL DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
| This report presents the results of blast load resistance testing of masonry walls that minimally meet applicable Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) reinforcement requirements. The testing and analyses presented in this report involved partially-grouted (1) 6-inch, (2) 8-inch, and (3) insulated clay brick veneer (cavity wall) concrete masonry test panels. Three blast load experiments were conducted; each experiment tested one each of the three test panel designs (nine test panels total). ... |
|
| Multifunctional Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensors for Damage Detection and Self Healing in Structural Composites |
29 OCT 2010 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Tsu-Wei Chou; Erik T. Thostenson; DELAWARE UNIV NEWARK
|
| During the past year of the research program focusing on developing composites with damage sensing and self-healing functionalities based on carbon nanotubes, improvements to the state-of-the-art in nanocomposite processing have been made. In order to accommodate the processing of thick-section composites, an alternative approach to the traditional calandering method of carbon nanotube dispersion has been developed. A fiber sizing agent containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes was used in the processing of ... |
|
| Novel Strategy for Lineage Tracing of Cancer Stem Cells by Lentiviral Barcoding |
Oct 2010 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Edmund C Chang; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| In order to characterize the TIC population, we are developing a unique lentiviral barcode strategy to examine the growth kinetics and lineage of tumor cells. These studies are based on the hypothesis that TICs represent a limited subpopulation in breast cancers that give rise to tumor heterogeneity, and that these cells are intrinsically resistant to radiation and chemotherapy. In the first 12 months of the award period, we have successfully ... |
|
| Estrogen Receptor/MAPK Crosstalk as a Mechanism of Radiation Resistance of Breast Cancer |
Sep 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Anupama Munshi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Loss of estrogen receptor (ER) function has been associated with hyperactive ERK1/2, which culminates in aggressive, radiation resistant cancers. The ERK1/2 pathway has also been linked to DNA damage and repair, with multiple proteins involved in DNA repair being transcriptionally regulated through ERK1/2-dependent signaling. An increased DNA repair capacity in ER-a negative breast tumors has been implicated as a mechanism of radioresistance. We postulate that the mechanism of development of ... |
|
| Simulation and Test of Nanocomposites for Application in the Army |
10 AUG 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Zheng-Dong Ma; Ce Sun; Yushun Cui; Yuanyuan Liu; Gregory M. Hulbert; Basavaraju Raju; Farzad Rostam-Abadi; ARMY TANK AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| The purpose of this research is to simulate and test nanomaterial reinforced composites for potential applications in Army vehicles, especially for improved ballistic and blast protection. The resultant simulation and design system can address major concerns in functional requirements of nanomaterials in Army's ground vehicles such as strength, durability, ballistic and blast impact resistance. An important part of this research is to develop a comprehensive modeling tool to predict nano-composite ... |
|
| Effects of Carbon Dioxide and UBA-Like Breathing Resistance on Exercise Endurance |
Apr 2010 |
|
| Authors:
Barbara Shykoff; Dan Warkander; Donika Winters; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
 | Effects of inspired CO2 and of resistance on exercise endurance were tested dry at sea level. Resistance R was designed to mimic that of the MK 16 underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) at 50 feet of seawater. The MK 16 UBA has turbulent inspiratory and laminar expiratory pressure drops. At the design flow, expiratory pressure was twice inspiratory pressure. Endurance was assessed as duration of exercise on a bicycle ergometer at ... |
|
| Nano-Sponge Ionic Liquid-Polymer Composite Electrolytes for Solid-State Lithium Power Sources |
Jan 2010 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Kang-Shyang Liao; Thomas E Sutto; Enrico Andreoli; Pulickel Ajayan; Karen A McGrady; Seamus A Curran; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC MATERIALS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIV
|
| Solid polymer gel electrolytes composed of 75 wt.% of the ionic liquid, 1-nbutyl- 2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonylimide with 1.0M lithium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonylimide and 25 wt.% poly(vinylidenedifluoro-hexafluoropropene) are characterized as the electrolyte/separator in solid-state lithium batteries. The ionic conductivity of these gels ranges from 1.5 to 2.0mScm−1, which is several orders of magnitude more conductive than any of the more commonly used solid polymers, and comparable to the best solid gel electrolytes currently used ... |
|
| Unmanned Aircraft Systems as Wingmen |
2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Richard D. Garcia; Laura Barnes; MaryAnne Fields; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This paper introduces a method to integrate Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UASs) into a highly functional manned/unmanned team through the design and implementation of 3D distributed formation/flight control algorithms with the goal to act as wingmen for a manned aircraft. The proposed algorithms are designed to increase UAS autonomy dynamically modify formations, utilize standard operating formations to reduce pilot resistance to integration, and support splinter groups for surveillance and/or as safeguards ... |
|
| Rolling Contact Fatigue Life and Spall Propagation Characteristics of AISI M50, M50 NiL, and AISI 52100. Part 1. Experimental Results (Preprint) |
Oct-2009 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Lewis Rosado; Nelson H Forster; Kevin L Thompson; Jason W Cooke; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This paper is the first part of a three-part series which investigates the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) initiation and spall propagation characteristics of three bearing materials, namely AISI 52100, VIM-V AR AISI M50, and VIM-V AR M50NiL steels. Although there is substantial prior work published on the rolling contact fatigue initiation of these materials, little has been published on their spall propagation characteristics after spall initiation. It is recognized that ... |
|
| Rolling Contact Fatigue Life and Spall Propagation Characteristics of AISI M50, M50 NiL, and AISI 52100. Part 2. Stress Modeling (Preprint) |
Oct-2009 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Nagaraj K Arakere; Nathan Branch; George Levesque; Vaughn Svendsen; Nelson H Forster; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This is the second part of three-part series that investigates the rolling contact fatigue initiation and spall propagation characteristics of three bearing materials, namely AISI 52100, VIM-VAR M50, and VIM-VAR M50NiL steels. A systematic investigation of effects of rolling contact fatigue (RCF) on evolution of material properties and micro-structural changes resulting in spall propagation rate has not been conducted. As a first step toward understanding spall propagation, we present stress ... |
|
| Rolling Contact Fatigue Life and Spall Propagation Characteristics of AISI M50, M50 NiL, and AISI 52100. Part 3. Metallurgical Examination (Preprint) |
Oct-2009 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Nelson H Forster; Lewis Rosado; William P Ogden; Hitesh K Trivedi; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This is the third part of a three-part series which investigates the rolling contact fatigue initiation and spall propagation characteristics of three bearing materials, namely AISI 52100, VIM-VAR M50, and VIM-VAR M50 NiL steels. While there is substantial prior work published on the rolling contact fatigue initiation of these materials, little is known about their spall propagation characteristics after spall initiation. In Part III, 208 size, 40 mm bore bearings ... |
|
| Estrogen Receptor/MAPK Crosstalk as a Mechanism of Radiation Resistance of Breast Cancer |
Sep 2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Anupama Munshi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Loss of estrogen receptor (ER) function has been associated with hyperactive ERK1/2, which culminates in aggressive, radiation resistant cancers. The ERK1/2 pathway has also been linked to DNA damage and repair, with multiple proteins involved in DNA repair being transcriptionally regulated through ERK1/2-dependent signaling. An increased DNA repair capacity in ER-a negative breast tumors has been implicated as a mechanism of radioresistance. We postulate that the mechanism of development of ... |
|
| Role of XIAP in Therapeutic Resistance in Inflammatory Breast Cancer |
Jul-2009 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Katherine M Aird; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly aggressive form of locally advanced breast cancer that is often characterized by ErbB2 and ErbB1 overexpression. ErbB-targeting is clinically relevant using trastuzumab, an anti-ErbB2 antibody, and lapatinib, a small molecule ErbB1/2 kinase inhibitor. However, acquired resistance is common even in those patients who show an initial clinical response; this resistance is in part due to apoptotic dysregulation, which allows transformed cells to survive ... |
|
| Idealized Marsh Simulations: Sensitivity of Hurricane Surge Elevation and Wave Height to Bottom Friction |
Jul-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas M Loder; Mary A Cialone; Jennifer L Irish; Ty V Wamsley; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| The purpose of this CHETN is to examine changes in peak surge elevation and wave height due to changes in the frictional resistance of a marsh. Landscape features with vegetation have the potential to reduce storm surge elevations and dissipate wave energy. Land elevations greater than the storm surge elevation act as a physical barrier and create bathymetric resistance for the surge and waves. Landscape features such as marshes also ... |
|
| Altered MicroRNA Activity Promotes Resistance to Endocrine Therapy |
Jul-2009 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Diana M Cittelly; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have tumor suppressive and oncogenic potential in human cancer, but little is known about the extent at which miRNA expression is modified after anti-estrogen treatment and the contribution of specific miRNAs to the acquisition of anti-estrogen resistance. To answer this question, in Aim 1, we performed miRNA profiling of tamoxifen-resistant and sensitive breast cancer cells treated with Estradiol or Tam. Several miRNAs were intrinsically downregulated in tam-resistant cells ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
RESISTANCE
