| An Investigation of the Static Force Balance of a Model Railgun |
JUN 2007 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew K. Schroeder; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | An interesting debate in railgun research circles is the location, magnitude, and cause of recoil forces, equal and opposite to the launched projectile. The various claims do not appear to be supported by direct experimental observation. The goal of this research paper is to develop an experiment to observe the balance of forces in a model railgun in a static state. By mechanically isolating the electrically coupled components of such ... |
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| Respirator Field Trials |
MAR 2005 |
|
| Authors:
S. van der Gijp; L. A. Steenweg; B. Nijboer; TNO DEFENSE SECURITY AND SAFETY RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
 | In this report the results are described on three field trails. The purpose of these field trials was to measure the actual protection level of respirator during realistic NBC-exercises, like e.g. patrol and decontamination. Two field trials were conducted in the UK and one field trial in the Netherlands. In the latter special attention was given to the effect of recoil on the mask. The data show the protection offered ... |
|
| Reactions of O(+) With C(n)H(2n+2), n=2-4: A Guided-Ion Beam Study |
15 APR 2004 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
D. J. Levandier; Y. Chiu; R. A. Dressler; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| We have measured absolute reaction cross sections for the interaction of 0+ with ethane, propane, and n-butane at collision energies in the range from near thermal to approximately 20 eV, using the guided-ion beam (GIB) technique. We have also measured product recoil velocity distributions using the GIB time- of-flight (TOF) technique for several product ions at a series of collision energies. The total cross sections for each alkane are in ... |
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| Index to Benet Laboratories Technical Reports - 2002 |
APR 2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
R. D. Shuman; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| A principal challenge by the U.S. Army TACOM-ARDEC Benet Laboratories in the design of armaments for lightweight future fighting vehicles with lethality overmatch is mitigating the deleterious effects of large caliber cannon recoil. The sonic RArefaction waVE low recoil guN (RAVEN) is a novel invention to dramatically reduce the gas momentum contribution to recoil with absolutely no reduction in the ballistic efficiency of launch. This technology is being investigated as ... |
|
| Stabilization Mechanism in Swimming Odontocete Cetaceans by Phased Movements |
25 NOV 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jim J. Rohr; F. E. Fish; J. E. Peacock; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Propulsive movements of the caudal oscillating flukes produce large forces that could induce equally large recoil forces at the cranial end of the animal, and, thus, affect stability. To examine these vertical oscillations, video analysis was used to measure the motions of the rostrum, pectoral flipper, caudal peduncle, and fluke tip for seven odontocete cetaceans: Delphinapterus leucas, Globicephala melaena, Lagenorhynchus obliquidens, Orcinnus orca, Pseudorca crassidens, Stenella plagiodon, and Tursiops truncatus. ... |
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| Rarefaction Wave Gun Propulsion |
18 MAY 2002 |
317 pages |
| Authors:
Eric L. Kathe; RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A new species of gun propulsion that dramatically reduces recoil momentum imparted to the gun is presented. First conceived by the author on 18 March 1999, the propulsion concept is explained, a methodology for the design of a reasonable apparatus for experimental validation using NATO standard 35mm TP anti-aircraft ammunition is developed, and the experimental results are presented. The firing results are juxtaposed by a simple interior ballistic model to ... |
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| A Fire Out-of-Battery Tank Gun: Theory and Simulation |
MAY 2002 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kathe; R. Gast; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| As part of the Army After Next effort, TACOM-ARDEC's Benet Laboratories undertook a radical departure from current tank gun recoil to engineer a soft recoil tank gun. Such a leap in technology may be required to enable a lightweight future combat system to withstand the recoil imparted by a large fiber gun, especially during fire on the move. Although soft recoil is not new to smaller caliber guns and howitzers, ... |
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| Sonic Rarefaction Wave Low Recoil Gun |
JAN 2002 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kathe; R. Dillon; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| A principal challenge faced by the U.S. Army TACOM-ARDEC Benet Laboratories in the design of armaments for lightweight future fighting vehicles with lethality overmatch is mitigating the deleterious effects of large caliber cannon recoil. The sonic RArefaction waVE low recoil guN (RAVEN) is a novel invention to dramatically reduce the gas momentum contribution to recoil with absolutely no reduction in me ballistic efficiency of launch. This technology is being investigated ... |
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| Ion/Surface Interactions and Reaction Mechanisms |
DEC 2001 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis C. Jacobs; NOTRE DAME UNIV IN
|
| The PI has demonstrated for the first time that hyperthermal energy atomic oxygen ions can directly abstract oxygen atoms from and deposit oxygen atoms into a silicon oxide surface. Isotopic labeling and 2-D velocity-resolved detection have allowed for the unambiguous assignment of two distinct abstraction mechanisms. In the first, an incident oxygen ion scatters from the lattice and abstracts an oxygen atom on the ion's departure from the surface. In ... |
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| Applications of Laser Cooling and Trapping |
27 JUL 2001 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Chu; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| This grant was used to support graduate students in training. It was used primarily to support a student, Joel Hensley, who was working on an experiment effort to measure the recoil momentum of an atom when it absorbs a photon. |
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| Recoil Reduction Using Propellant Gas |
26 APR 2001 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kathe; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| Rarefaction wave gun (RAVEN) propulsion has renewed interest in the fundamental limits of recoil reduction attainable by redirecting propellant gases rearward from a gun without compromising the projectile propulsion. Traditionally, this has only been achievable through the use of muzzle brakes. RAVEN's unique ability tap into the internal energy of propellant gases that are not gainfully employed to propel the projectile may be considered analogous to efforts to mechanically close ... |
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| Rarefaction Wave Gun Propulsion |
APR 2001 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kathe; R. Dillon; S. Sopok; M. Witherell; S. Dunn; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| RArefaction waVE guN (RAVEN) propulsion constitutes a novel means to dramatically reduce the recoil momentum and heat imparted to future cannons during firing. The method may be considered a hybrid propulsion technology with features common to both closed-breech cannons and recoilless rifles. Reduction of recoil and gun heating would greatly facilitate large caliber gun integration within light future combat system (FCS) vehicles. Analysis of a RAVEN launcher comparable to the ... |
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| Proceedings of the U.S. Army Symposium (Ninth) on Gun Dynamics Held in McLean, Virginia on 17-19 November 1998 |
MAR 2000 |
506 pages |
| Authors:
Eric L. Kathe; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| This publication represents a compilation of me technical papers concerning modeling, analyses, design, measurements, and instrumentation of gun dynamics. The authors represent a cross section of me scientific and technical community, including universities, industrial, and government research laboratories. |
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| Analysis of an Instrumented Projectile |
DEC 97 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
S. A. Wilkerson; M. Palathingal; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A preliminary analysis of the M831E1 instrumented heat round was performed using the DYNA3D finite element code. The purpose of this initial analysis was to estimate the magnitude of the vertical and horizontal accelerations of an M831E1 during launch. The analysis results indicate that during a normal (firings that are not hot) launch the vertical accelerations will be in the range of +/- 800g's and the horizontal accelerations are of ... |
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| Analysis of Launch-Induced Motion of a Hybrid Electromagnetic/Gas Gun: Including Extended Formulation of Down-Barrel Recoil Loads |
OCT 96 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kathe; R. Gast; P. Vottis; M. Cipollo; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| Great strides have been made in recent years to identify the dominant loads that cause beam-type vibrations of cannons during ballistic operation. These motions infringe upon shot accuracy, because at projectile disengagement, the muzzle's kinematic state may compromise the projectile's intended flight path. This is particularly relevant to coil gun loading, which, unlike gas launch, applies the recoil load to the muzzle end of the barrel instead of the breech. ... |
|
| The Analysis of Hydrogen in Materials Using Low Energy Ion Beams |
15 APR 96 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Weller; VANDERBILT UNIV NASHVILLE TN
|
| Medium energy backscattering and forward recoil spectrometry have been developed into powerful quantitative analytical tools during the course of this research. This final report reviews the technical accomplishments of the project as well as several applications which have been undertaken in support of other related research. |
|
| Tailored Polymer/Nonpolymer Interfaces for Controlled Adhesion |
14 OCT 95 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Edward J. Kramer; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY
|
| A method of tuning and analyzing the fracture properties of polymer/ nonpolymer interfaces by the controlled addition to the interface of deuterium labelled block copolymers has been developed. Forward recoil spectrometry (FRES) was used to measure the interface excess of the labelled copolymers and this technique along with Rutherford backscattering spectrometry was used to determine the locus of fracture along the interface, thus revealing molecular details of the fracture process. ... |
|
| Thermal Sleeve for a Chain Gun |
SEP 95 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Mark L. Bundy; James M. Garner; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A 25-mm M242 Bushmaster chain gun was modified by affixing a three- layer thermal sleeve to that portion of the external barrel surface that extends outside the recoil mount. The dual-purpose thermal sleeve reduces cross-barrel temperature differences due to both external and internal heating and cooling asymmetries (hence, diminishing thermal distortion of the barrel); it also reduces overall barrel temperature rise from firing (hence, decreasing bore wear). Firing tests, with ... |
|
| International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis (12th): Panel on In Situ Process Monitoring was held in Tempe, Arizona on May 22-26, 1995 |
24 JUL 95 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
James W. Mayer; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE CENTER FOR SOLID STATE SCIENCE
|
| The 12th International Conference on Ion Beam Analysis was held at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ from 22.26 May 1995. There were 225 conference participants. The conference sessions included: Nuclear Resonance and Reaction Analysis; Ion Beam Characterization of New Materials; Particle-Induced X-ray Emission; Microbeams; Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis; Surfaces and Interfaces; Synthesis and Processing; Time of Flight and High Energy Resolution; Stopping Power and Energy Loss, and Multiple Scattering; RBS, ... |
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| Orthogonal Line Deployment Device. |
14 MAR 1995 |
|
| Authors:
Jeffrey S. Kornblith; Stephen Soszynski; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A gas-propelled line deployment device is operable for orthogonally deploying two antenna lines to a distance of greater than one hundred feet. The device includes first, second and third tubes, closed at one end and open at one end, the first and second tubes being arranged perpendicular to each other and the third tube being arranged along the resulting vector of the axes of the perpendicular tubes. The first and ... |
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| Analysis of a Balanced Breech System for the M1A1 Main Gun System Using Finite Element Techniques |
NOV 94 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen A. Wilkerson; David A. Hopkins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A DYNA3D finite element (FE) analysis was used to help determine the observed behavior of the M256 gun system during the balanced breech experiment. The experiment was conducted to see if balancing the breech block on the M256 would unprove the overall gun system's performance. The experiment, although partially successful, revealed some unsuspected results. The analysis in this report uses an advanced numerical model of the entire M256 system to ... |
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| Orthogonal Line Deployment Device. |
17 JUN 1994 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Soszynski; Jeffrey S. Kornblith; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A gas-propelled line deployment device is operable for orthogonally deploying two antenna lines to a distance of greater than one hundred feet. The device includes first, second and third tubes, closed at one end and open at one end, the first and second tubes being arranged perpendicular to each other and the third tube being arranged along the resulting vector of the axes of the perpendicular tubes. The first and ... |
|
| Calibration and Validation Studies in the LENS Facility |
09 FEB 94 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Holden; CALSPAN UB RESEARCH CENTER BUFFALO NY
|
| This report describes recent developments in the LENS facility, flow field calibration studies, and aerothermal and aero-optical measurements to evaluate the turbulent flow field characteristics of seeker head configurations in hypervelocity airflow. The development of the LENS facility to run at pressure levels up to 30,000 psi and temperatures up to 14,000 deg R are reviewed. Issues associated with diaphragm performance, reservoir configuration, throat melting and burning, and modifications to ... |
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| Design of Robust Structural Controllers for Gun-Turret Systems. |
SEP 1993 |
|
| Authors:
Vittal S. Rao; Michael S. Mattice; Norman P. Coleman Jr.; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Improvements in robust performance of gun-turret system mounted on helicopters, can significantly enhance the mission capabilities of light attack helicopters. A significant research effort has been directed toward the design and implementation of controllers which can guarantee the stability and performance. Some of the specific gun-turret problems are impulse loads near the first flexible mode of the system, time-varying friction in the recoil slider, lack of barrel tip position sensors, ... |
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| Identification and Quantification of Sources of Occasion-To-Occasion Elevation Variability in Tank Gun Accuracy. |
SEP 1993 |
|
| Authors:
Bruce J. Held; David W. Webb; Edward M. Schmidt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This paper describes the identification of some of the root causes of one of the components of tank gun accuracy errors, namely occasion-to-occasion variability. Occasion-to-occasion variability is the shift of the mean impact point for a given tank/gun tube combination from one firing occasion to another. Unless the cannon and fire control system of the tank can be calibrated for each firing event through live fire zeroing, its occasion-to-occasion variability ... |
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| Theoretical Studies Relating to the Interaction of Radiation with Matter |
30 JUN 93 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
P. R. Berman; NEW YORK UNIV NY DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The final report for Grant No. N00014-91-J7-1146 is divided into seven subject areas as follows: (1) Coherent transients using broadband optical pulses; (2) Four-wave mixing in magnetically degenerate systems; (3) Interpretation of laser cooling mechanisms; (4) Laser cooling in one and two dimensions; (5) Nonlinear spectroscopy of cold atoms; (6) Transient spectroscopy using counterpropagating pulses; and (7) Theory of four-wave mixing. A detailed description of the work carried out under ... |
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| Theoretical Studies Relating to the Interaction of Radiation With Matter |
01 JUN 93 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
P. R. Berman; NEW YORK UNIV NY DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| During the past year, progress has been made in the areas of: (1) Coherent transients using counterpropagating fields; (2) New resonances in cold- atom spectroscopy; (3) Laser cooling in one dimension using linearly polarized fields; and, (4) Theory of four-wave mixing.... Laser spectroscopy, 4-wave mixing, Recoil-induced resonances, Laser cooling, Coherent transients, Grating echoes |
|
| A Study of the Amplification of Laser and VLF Waves Using a Simple Pendulum Model |
JUN 93 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Keith A. Sturgess; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The Lorentz force equation governing the interaction between radiation and charged particles in the presence of a static magnetic field can be reduced to the form of the simple pendulum equation, when applied to the Free Electron Laser (FEL) and to the amplification of whistler waves in the magnetosphere. The first topic in this thesis is the start-up of an FEL with a compact design having a small, spatial undulator ... |
|
| Construction and Testing of a Neutron and Gamma Spectrometry System Using Pulse Shape Discrimination with an Organic Scintillator |
MAR 1993 |
207 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S. Pope; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The goal of this thesis was to construct and test a neutron detector to measure the energy spectrum of 1 to 14-MeV neutrons in the presence of gammas. A spectrometer based on the process of pulse shape discrimination (PSD) was constructed, in which the scintillator NE-213 was used. The primary neutron/ gamma sources used were 78-mCi and 4.7-Ci 239PuBe sources, while 4.7-micro-Ci and 97.6-micro-Ci 22Na gamma sources were used for ... |
|
| Test Comparison for 20mm Perforated Muzzle Brakes |
FEB 93 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas S. Savick; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Tests were conducted at the Ballistic Research Laboratory for a 20mm perforated muzzle brake. Six muzzle brake designs were analyzed for their influence on muzzle velocity, blast overpressure, and brake efficiency. The designs were a combination of scaled versions of 105mm and 120mm muzzle brakes and new designs that were fabricated to reduce blast overpressure at the breech. Certain designs were tested to verify computer predictions that upstream venting in ... |
|
| Tank Cannon and Recoil Mechanism |
23 OCT 92 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY COMBAT SYSTEMS TEST ACTIVITY ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This ITOP describes procedures for conducting tests to evaluate the performance of tank cannon and hydropneumatic recoil mechanisms. This ITOP does not cover production acceptance tests, cannon safety tests (See ITOP 3-2-829), or cannon accessories such as thermal shrouds, muzzle reference sensors, etc. |
|
| The Effects of Surface Treatment on Torsional Fatigue Failure in Recoil Springs |
OCT 92 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
R. R. Fujczak; J. A. Kapp; C J. Nolan; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| Two different steels, AISI 4150H and maraging 250, were tested in torsional fatigue to failure. Both materials were prepared with three surface conditions: (1) as-machined (machining grooves left on the outside surface); (2) as-polished; and (3) polished and shot peened. All specimens converge at low cycle life (about 1,000 cycles), but at lower torsional stresses, the greatest improvement in fatigue life is shown by the shot peened specimens, followed by ... |
|
| A Limited Performance Tradeoff Analysis of a Novel Closed-Breech, Shoulder-Fired Weapon System |
JUL 92 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
Steven M. Buc; SYSTEM PLANNING CORP ARLINGTON VA
|
| The report provides an evaluation of a new closed-breech, shoulder- fired weapon system proposed to DARPA by TAC-WEAP Ventures, Inc. It presents a recoil analysis that defines the boundaries for projectile weight and muzzle velocity. specific projectile designs are developed and analyzed for interior ballistic and aerodynamic performance. Candidate fin-and spin-stabilized projectile designs are presented that incorporate a generic shaped-charge warhead, and a boost rocket motor is used to increase ... |
|
| Photodissociation of CF3I at 304 nm: Effects of Photon Energy and Curve Crossing on the Internal Excitation of CF3 |
27 MAY 92 |
|
| Authors:
Hyun J. Hwang; M. A. El-Sayed; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| We present correlated measurements of the CF3 internal energy, the initial electronic excitation, and the final iodine state in the photodissociation of CF31 at 304 nm by using state-selective photofragment translational spectroscopy. The simultaneous determination of the three properties is achieved by measuring the translational energy distribution of the state-selected iodine fragment as a function of its recoil angle with respect to the electric vector of the photolysis laser. We ... |
|
| Low/Energy Ion/Surface Interactions during Vapor-Phase Film Growth for Manipulating Microchemistry and Microstructure at the Atomic Level, |
22 MAY 1992 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Greene; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA
|
| Low-energy (< or - 200 eV) ion irradiation during crystal growth from the vapor phase can be used to provide new chemical reaction pathways, modify film-growth kinetics, and, hence, controllably alter the physical properties of films deposited by a variety of techniques. The latter includes sputter deposition, ion plating, plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PA-CVD), primary-ion deposition (PID), and molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) using accelerated beam sources. Ion/surface interaction effects such as ... |
|
| Temporal Monitoring of VHF and LF Atmospherics and Their Relation to Lightning |
30 MAR 92 |
|
| Authors:
Arthur E. Zemke; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Atmospheric discharges of various types emit electromagnetic radiation over a wide range of frequencies. VHF transients are associated with the discharges that occur during the preliminary charge separation and breakdown processes of lightning. Correlated VHF-LF activity emitted at relatively high magnitudes are normally attributed to lightning's powerful return stroke and recoil streamer discharges. This research hypothesized that VHF atmospherics (precursors) exist at least 1 minute or more before correlated VHF-LF ... |
|
| Fundamental Study of Compressive Strength Development in PAN-Based Carbon Fibers |
20 MAR 92 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
A. S. Abhiraman; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Evolution of mechanical properties in the conversion of two precursor polymeric fibers to carbon fibers has been studied. The focus has been on properties in axial compression of polyacrylonitrile (PAN, a semi rigid polymer) - and polybenzobisthiazole (PBZT, a rigid rod polymer) - based carbon fibers. Mechanical properties of fibers at different extents of progression toward the graphite fiber structure reveal that the evolutions of tensile and compressive properties are ... |
|
| The Pathways and Dynamics of Molecular Decomposition |
12 DEC 91 |
|
| Authors:
F. F. Crim; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Molecular decompositions often control complex chemical reactions by producing a highly reactive fragment that determines the subsequent chemistry. Despite the importance of such processes, there is little detailed information available for testing theoretical models and guiding the analysis of practical systems. This report describes experiments that produce, characterize, and dissociate highly energized molecules in order to uncover the details of molecular decomposition. These experiments create highly energized molecules either by ... |
|
| Zee Star Analysis |
DEC 91 |
|
| Authors:
Richard S. Sorbello; DAYTON UNIV OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Forces contributing to the effective valence Z in electromigration have been theoretically studied for the following systems: An impurity in the vicinity of, a grain boundary, an impurity in the vicinity of a dislocation, and impurity in a disordered system. The presence of a grain boundary or dislocation was found to change Z and the residual resistivity by an amount on the order of 10% to 50%. The local transport ... |
|
| Industrial Power Spray Washer |
19 SEP 91 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas G. Gizicki; ROCK ISLAND ARSENAL IL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| Recoil mechanisms have components in proximity which slide past each other at high velocities. Consequently, particulate contamination of the hydraulic oil in the recoil assembly is tested. The most common type of contaminants found on M178 recoil components are metal chips (ferrous and nonferrous), light oils, honing oils and abrasive material (honing stone materials). The method of cleaning M178 recoil components prior to final assembly has varied over the past ... |
|
| Construction, Calibration and Use of a Neutron Time-of-Flight Spectrometer |
MAR 91 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Wood; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The energy spectrum of a 5 curie Pu-Be neutron source is determined by use of a neutron time-of-flight spectrometer. This spectrometer measures the time it takes for a neutron to travel between two plastic scintillator detectors. Using a fixed distance for travel, a time spectrum is generated which is then unfolded into the energy spectrum of the source. The different aspects of equipment selection, connection and calibration of the system ... |
|
| Growth, Characterization and Device Development in Monocrystalline Diamond Films |
MAR 91 |
|
| Authors:
Robert F. Davis; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH
|
| Externally mounted laser reflection interferometry has been incorporated into the microwave plasma growth process in order to follow the incubation period on Silicon (100) substrates and to measure the growth rate of the diamond films. Using biasing of the substrates eliminated the need for predeposition surface roughening and a much more controlled pretreatment via ion bombardment within the growth chamber. The nucleation density was varied by changing either the time ... |
|
| A Multi-Layer Silicon Neutron Detector for Discrimination |
91 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
R. Schulte; E. Kamykowski; A. Celona; M. Kesselman; GRUMMAN CORP BETHPAGE NY CORPORATE RESEARCH CENTER
|
| A neutron detector based on a multi-layer silicon proton recoil detection scheme is under development. The neutron detector uses polyethylene sheets as a neutron convertor and a stack of three silicon wafers to detect the recoiling protons. The multi-layer silicon detector features variable threshold for low energy neutrons, nominal 2 pi directional response, and low sensitivity to gamma rays. Pulse processing electronics has been developed to analyze signal events in ... |
|
| Rapid Fire Howitzer. |
07 AUG 1990 |
|
| Authors:
William M. Moscrip; Louis J. Kiraly; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| This patent discloses an advanced lightweight towed artillery weapon system embodying an expendable breech gun provided with a fire-out-of-battery (FOOB) recoil system which utilizes a unique constant force, zone-controlled liquid recoil system which utilizes a unique constant force, zone-controlled liquid recoil spring. To facilitate rapid fire, two linear feed ammunition clips are provided to be used alternately. Keywords: Ammunition feed mechanisms; Expendable breech mechanisms; Lightweight howitzers; Liquid recoil springs; Patents. ... |
|
| Ion Beam Analysis of Diffusion in Polymer Glasses |
06 AUG 89 |
|
| Authors:
Edward J. Kramer; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) and forward recoil spectrometry (FRES) have been used to the fundamentals of Case II diffusion of organic molecules (solvent) into glassy polymers. These ion beam techniques were employed to measure the velocity V of the Case II diffusion front, the diffusion coefficient D of the solvent ahead of the front and the rate of swelling of the surface of the sample as well as the solvent ... |
|
| (M-CAT) Minor Caliber Weapons Trainer MK-19, 40mm Machine Gun |
JUL 89 |
|
| Authors:
Albert H. Marshall; Robert T. McCormack; Ronald S. Wolff; Edward J. Purvis; NAVAL TRAINING SYSTEMS CENTER ORLANDO FL
|
| The M-CAT is a simulator which can be used for both MK-19 and .50 cal machine gun training. It incorporates accurate threat simulation of stationary and moving targets on a large projection screen. The weapon's recoil, sound, tracers, rounds-in-flight and hits are simulated. M-CAT accurately simulates both trajectory and lead for correct scoring. No ammunition or special ranges are required making it safe and economical. Two M-CAT's were fielded for ... |
|
| Diamondlike Carbon Coatings for Optical Systems |
FEB 89 |
|
| Authors:
R. Wu; D. Ingram; A. McCormick; A. Rai; P. Pronko; J. Woollam; UNIVERSAL ENERGY SYSTEMS INC DAYTON OH
|
| Diamondlike carbon (DLC) coatings have been deposited on seven infrared transmitting substrates utilizing three different techniques: ion-beam deposition, rf-plasma discharge, and hollow cathode discharge methods. Optimum deposition parameters for each technique have been established as a function of substrate material. Extensive characterization of the DLC films was also performed. Rutherford backscattering and proton recoil detection techniques were used to analyze carbon and hydrogen content and impurities. These films contain typically ... |
|
| Effects of Recoil on Rifle Marksmanship Simulator Performance |
FEB 89 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth L. Evans; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This report determines if the accurate reproduction of a rifle's recoil is a necessary feature of a rifle marksmanship simulator, this research was conducted with 24 adult volunteers in a military research organization. Each research participant fired 12 shots at silhouette targets presented on the Multipurpose Arcade Combat Simulator (MACS), whose demilitarized M16A1 rifle was equipped with a five-stage solenoid recoil mechanism developed by Larson Lectronics, Inc. Six of these ... |
|
| Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions. Ion Neutralization on Intermetallic Surfaces |
01 JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
J. W. Rabalais; HOUSTON UNIV TX DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Ion scattering and direct recoil spectrometries were used to investigate electronic excitation and charge transfer processes occurring during rare gas ion bombardment of CuLi alloy. Excitations in the close encounter appear to be governed by the degree of inner shell mixing between the colliding pair. Excitations in the outgoing trajectory are governed by the probabilities of Auger and resonant charge exchange between the scattered or recoiled particle and the surface. ... |
|
| Galactic Cosmic Radiation Doses to Astronauts Outside the Magnetosphere |
06 DEC 87 |
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| Authors:
John R. Letaw; SEVERN COMMUNICATIONS CORP SEVERNA PARK MD
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| The dose and dose equivalent from galactic cosmic radiation outside the magnetosphere have been computed. The principal radiation components considered include primary cosmic rays, spallation fragments of the heavy ions,a nd secondary products (protons, neutrons, alphas, and recoil nuclei) from interactions in tissue. Three mission environments have been considered: free space, the lunar surface, and the martian surface. The annual dose equivalents to the blood-forming organs in these environments are ... |
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RECOIL
