| Advanced Energetic Materials for Agent Defeat: Impact-Driven Reactions in Biocidal Reactive Materials for Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) Applications |
Sep-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
S Bless; M Pantoya; R Russell; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN INST FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY
|
 | Dynamic thermite reactions can produce hot iodine gas, which can destroy spore-forming bacteria. Initial experiments have demonstrated kill ratios of up to 0.9999. |
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| Combination Sorbent and Reactive Chemistries for Use in Highly Efficient Aerobic Oxidations (W911NF0510081) |
14-Jul-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Michel R Gagne; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| The purpose of this work was to investigate the possibility of utilizing metalloporphyrins as the catalysts for aerobic oxidation of alcohols, We proposed to investigate the catalytic activity of the metalloporphyrins in solution and in a polymer-supported form. The porous polymer was anticipated to concentrate substrates, especially in the inflammable fluorinated solvents. Since oxygen solubility in fluorinated solvent is several times higher than in nonfluorous organic solvents, such systems were ... |
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| Nonlinear Geometric and Differential Geometric Guidance of UAVs for Reactive Collision Avoidance |
07-Jul-2009 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Anusha Mujumdar; Radhakant Padhi; INDIAN INST OF SCIENCE BANGALORE (INDIA)
|
| Local collision avoidance for safe autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in an urban environment has been investigated. A nonlinear differential geometric guidance law based on 'collision cone approach' and 'dynamic inversion' was developed and successfully simulated. Both linear 'aiming point guidance' (APG) and nonlinear APG algorithms have been developed and validated from 3-D simulation studies. Finally a first-order autopilot was incorporated to provide satisfactory guidance with up to 0.2 second delay. ... |
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| Identification of the Mechanisms Underlying Antiestrogen Resistance: Breast Cancer Research Partnership between FIU-UM Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute |
Jun-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Deodutta Roy; FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIV MIAMI
|
| This research proposal has two primary objectives which are to (1) increase FIU investigators' research expertise and competitive ability to succeed as independent breast cancer researchers; and (2) to execute research with the promise of identifying molecular causes of breast tumor resistance to anti-estrogen therapy. This research is of significant merit because of its clinical relevance to breast cancer. Secondly, the research accomplishments through the FIU/BFBCI training program will lead ... |
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| New Directions in Software Quality Assurance Automation |
Jun-2009 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Mikhail Auguston; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| A formalism is suggested for specifying environment behavior models for software test scenario generation based on attributed event grammars. The environment model may contain descriptions of the events triggered by the software outputs and of the hazardous states in which the system could arrive, thus providing a framework for specifying properties of software behavior within the given environment. The behavior of the system can be rendered as an event set ... |
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| The Use of Commercial Non-Hazardous Air Pollutant Monomers to Optimize the Properties of Fatty Acid-Based Resins |
May-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
James M Sands; La; John J Scala; Priya Kamath; Anita Sahu; Giuseppe R Palmese; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Vinyl ester (VE) resins are used to make polymer matrix composites in military and commercial applications because of their good properties, low weight, and low cost. These resins typically contain high concentrations of reactive diluents, such as styrene, to allow these resins to be molded using resin transfer molding and other inexpensive liquid molding techniques. Because styrene is a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) and a volatile organic compound (VOC), the ... |
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| Phosphoinositide-Driven Epithelial Proliferation in Prostatic Inflammation |
Apr-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Wade Bushman; Travis J Jerde; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| With this proposal, we seek to determine the mechanisms for epithelial proliferation in response to inflammation, a process termed reactive hyperplasia. The purpose of this report is to evaluate the first year of research on this project. We found that interleukin signaling is critical to the hyperplastic response of the prostate, and that proliferation is driven in the epithelium of the prostate by phosphoinositide-dependent action, while stromal proliferation appears dependent ... |
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| Physiologic and Endocrine Correlates of Overweightness in African Americans and Caucasians |
27-Mar-2009 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Merrily Poth; Tracey Sbrocco; Patricia A Deuster; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF MILITARY AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
|
| Obesity has reached epidemic levels and the incidence continues to rise. The current study was seeking to examine the hypothesis that obesity may reflect dysfunctioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stressors. African American persons are at greatest risk, but reasons for this difference are unknown. We studied 126 healthy men and women of Caucasian (CA) and African American (AA) ethnicity and examined their responses to physiologic stressors: ... |
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| The Role of Backup NHEJ Repair in Creating Genomic Instability in CML. Addendum |
Mar-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Feyruz Rassool; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The BCR-ABL1 fusion gene in Philadelphia (Ph)-+ve chronic myeloid leukemis (CML) encodes a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that causes uncontrolled cellular proliferation. BCR-ABL1 expression results in elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), an increased incidence of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), error-prone repair and genomic instability. We recently demonstrated that an error-prone alternative (alt) NHEJ pathway involving DNA ligase IIIa/XRCC1 is upregulated in CML cells. Knockdown of alt NHEJ ... |
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| The Oxidation of a Gasoline Surrogate in the Negative Temperature Coefficient Region |
12-Feb-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
David B Lenhert; David L Miller; Nicholas P Cernansky; Kevin G Owens; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
|
| This experimental study investigated the preignition reactivity behavior of a gasoline surrogate in a pressurized flow reactor over the low and intermediate temperature regime (600-800 K) at elevated pressure (8 atm). The surrogate mixture, a volumetric blend of 4.6% 1-pentene, 31.8% toluene, 14.0% n-heptane, and 49.6% 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane (iso-octane), was shown to reproduce the low and intermediate temperature reactivity of full boiling range fuels in a previous study. Each of the ... |
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| Thermochemistry and Dynamics of Reactive Species: Nitrogen-Rich Substituted Heterocycles and Anionic Components of Ionic Liquids |
01-Feb-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
William C Lineberger; Veronica M Bierbaum; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Investigations of the electron affinities of pyrazolyl, imidazolyl and triazoly radicals gave quantitative measurements of N-H bond strengths at the most acidic site, and provide the first detailed view of the low lying electronic excited states of the corresponding radicals. Importantly, very extensive vibronic coupling effects were observed, arising from lone pairs on adjacent nitrogen atoms. In collaboration with Professor John Stanton of the University of Texas at Austin, state-of-the-art ... |
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| Antioxidant Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Prostatic Epithelial Neoplasia |
Feb-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
A P Kumar; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO
|
| Clinically significant prostate cancer usually occurs in men who are 65 and older although precursor lesions are known to exist many years prior to cancer diagnosis. Histopathological changes referred to as Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) are considered to be the most likely precursor of prostate cancer. The mechanism(s) involved in progression of indolent to active disease remains elusive although a role for age-related increase in oxidative stress has been proposed. ... |
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| Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems |
13-Jan-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Kopin Liu; INSTITUTE OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SCIENCES TAIPEI (TAIWAN)
|
| This project was to gain fundamental understanding of the chemical reactivity of complex systems, specifically the state-correlation of product pairs in chemical reactions of polyatomic molecules, and the salvation dynamics of ion-solvent interactions that are fundamental to many important phenomena in chemistry and biology. |
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| Analysis of Adhesively Bonded Ceramics Using an Asymmetric Wedge Test |
Dec-2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Jensen; Stephen Koellhoffer; Larry Holmes; Gillespie; Wendy Kosik; Steven McKnight; Andres Bujanda; Craig Copeland; Jessica Dibelka; Aaron Forster; John Jr; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Quantitative determination of adhesive performance when bonding to ceramic substrates has traditionally been a challenge. The brittleness of ceramic materials limits the ability to easily machine these substrates into the specific geometries required for rigorous adhesive fracture energy measurements. In this research, a mixed-mode loading scheme was implemented using an asymmetric wedge test configuration to study the effects of adhesion, promoting surface treatments on fracture energy and bond line durability ... |
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| Exploring Structural Bond Energy Release (SBER) in Nanodiamonds Using Quantum Molecular Dynamics and Static High Pressure |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Betsy M Rice; Jennifer A Ciezak; William D Mattson; Radhakrishnan Balu; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on carbon nanodiamonds using Raman and DAC experimentation and ab initio calculations. Our calculations confirm the surface reconstruction to a fullerene-like structure, and indicate compression of the diamond core, producing an estimated internal pressure of 50 GPa. Quantum molecular dynamics simulations of hypervelocity collisions of NDs show that upon collision shock-induced amorphization first occurs, followed by complete disruption of the ND surface ... |
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| Metastable Polymeric Nitrogen From N2H2 Alloys |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer A Ciezak; Timothy A Jenkins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Studies of high-density binary mixtures of simple molecular solids have uncovered a new aspect of high pressure chemistry. In contrast 10 the many previous studies on relatively inert mixtures, here we show that high pressures can lead 10 unexpected behavior in reactive compounds. Raman studies were performed on nitrogen and hydrogen binary alloys al room temperature to 83 GPa To pressures of 30 GPa, large vibron deviations from those of ... |
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| Common Trends in the Relationships Between Chemical and Physical Properties and Molecular Structure of Nitramine, Cage Nitramine, and Nitroaromatic Energetics |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mohammad Qasim; Jerzy Leszczynski; Leonid Gorb; Minori Uchimiya; Brett Moore; Lyssa Taylor; Matthew Middleton; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Chemical and physical properties of nitroaromatic and nitramine explosives were related to their molecular structure with the objective of predicting types, sites and rates of reactivity as well as prediction of transformation intermediate and final products, stability, and toxicity potential. Understanding these relationships is intrinsic to the development of computational chemistry (CC) protocols for basic research into new compounds as well as for specific applications to military sites. Our comparisons ... |
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| Integration of Microwave Plasma Ignition Into a Multi-Fuel Engine |
Oct-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
James Smith; WEST VIRGINIA UNIV MORGANTOWN
|
| The purpose of this effort was to demonstrate the successful integration of a Quarter-Wave Coaxial Cavity Resonator Plasma Igniter into a multi-fuel engine. The grantee successfully accomplished the objective by demonstrating successful engine operation with both gasoline and jet fuel. Microwave frequency stimulation of the highly ionized combustion mixture, and generation of reactive oxygen species can potentially result in more complete combustion, preventing in-cylinder build-up of deposits and achieving improved ... |
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| Identification of New Serum Biomarkers for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Lipid Microarrays |
01-Sep-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Guangwei Du; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK RESEARCH FOUNDATION AT STONY BROOK OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
|
| Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer among women. Compared with other serum polypeptides, autoantibodies have many appealing features as biomarkers including sensitivity, stability, and easy detection. Anti-lipid autoantibodies are routinely used in the diagnosis of autoimmune disease, but their potential for cancer diagnosis has not been explored. Metabolism of lipids immediately follows cellular stimulation, resulting in various lipid metabolites. Dysregulation of cellular signaling in cancer cells would ... |
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| Simulation of Compressible Multi-Phase Turbulent Reacting Flows |
01-Sep-2008 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Suresh Menon; Franklin Genin; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| Simulation of multi-phase, turbulent reacting flow is in itself a very complex task but when such flows occur in the presence of strong, unsteady shocks additional complexity can arise. Shock interactions with shear turbulence can change turbulent structures and shock induced heating can trigger ignition, combustion and turbulent flame propagation. In this research, a new and an efficient large-eddy simulation (LES) strategy has been developed to investigate turbulent flows in ... |
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| Multi-Agent Planning in Dynamic Domains |
01-Jun-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
James H Lawton; Matthew Berger; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION DIRECTORATE
|
| The issue of multi-agent planning in highly dynamic environments is a major impediment to conventional planning solutions. Plan repair and replanning solutions alike have difficulty adapting to frequently changing environment states. To adequately handle such situations, this paper instead focuses on preserving individual agent plans through multi-agent coordination techniques. We detail a reactive agent system architecture in which the main focus of an agent is to be able to achieve ... |
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| The Study and Development of Metal Oxide Reactive Adsorbents for the Destruction of Toxic Organic Compounds |
15 APR 2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Mark B. Mitchell; CLARK ATLANTA UNIV GA
|
| The achievements realized during the course of this project provide an important alternative method for mitigating the effects of the exposure of personnel and systems to chemical warfare agents and other toxic organic compounds. The research program that was developed built upon earlier results achieved in the room temperature oxidative decomposition of a chemical warfare agent simulant, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), on solid reactive adsorbents and examined ways of improving those ... |
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| Probing and Manipulating Protein Conformation Changes by Time-Resolved Single-Molecule Spectroscopy and Site-Specific Ultramicroscopy |
Apr-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
H P Lu; BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIV OH
|
| This project was to develop and demonstrate a novel single-molecule spectroscopy and imaging technique to support the DARPA program on Control of Protein Conformations. The goal of our project is to advance, integrate, and apply cutting-edge atomic force microscopy (AFM) and single-molecule imaging techniques to control and analyze the protein conformational changes and according activity changes through AFM force manipulation and fluorescence resonant energy transfer (FRET) measurements as a function ... |
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| Treatment of RDX and/or HMX Using Mulch Biowalls |
Apr-2008 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Farrukh Ahmad; Charles J Newell; David T Adamson; ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| Organic mulch is a complex carbon material that is typically populated with its own consortium of microorganisms. The organisms in mulch breakdown complex insoluble organics to soluble carbon, which can then be utilized by these and other microorganisms as an electron donor for treating contaminants via reductive pathways. Mulch has advantages over other electron donors: it is cheaply available, long-lasting, and is naturally present in the environment. Over the last ... |
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| Femtosecond Diffraction and Spectroscopy of Chemical Reactions |
31 MAR 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Ahmed H. Zewail; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| In the past five years, we have proposed to use this grant to undertake research in the following areas: 1) Direct imaging of structural changes using ultrafast electron diffraction. 2) Neutral and ionic elementary reactions: high energy and solvation effects. Our goal was to relate these dynamics to features of bonding and mechanisms and to explore the influence of high energy and solvation of reactivity. Theoretical studies in our group ... |
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| High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP) and High Power Microwave (HPM) Devices: Threat Assessments |
26 MAR 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Clay Wilson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) is an instantaneous, intense energy field that can overload or disrupt at a distance numerous electrical systems and high technology microcircuits, which are especially sensitive to power surges. A large scale EMP effect can be produced by a single nuclear explosion detonated high in the atmosphere. This method is referred to as High-Altitude EMP (HEMP). A similar, smaller-scale EMP effect can be created using non-nuclear devices with ... |
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| Bioavailability of TGF-Beta in Breast Cancer |
01-Mar-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Irineu I Bochaca; Mary H Barcellos-Hoff; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-) superfamily includes three isoforms designated TGF-1, 2 and 3. All three isoforms are secreted as latent complex where the TGF- cytokine is non-covalently associated with an isoform specific latency-associated peptide (LAP). Mature cytokine binds cell surface receptors only after release from its LAP making extracellular activation a critical regulatory point for TGF- bioavailability. Proposed activation mechanisms include proteolysis and conformational changes. Previous work from ... |
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| In vitro Toxicity and Inflammatory Response Induced by Copper Nanoparticles in Rat Alveolar Macrophages |
MAR 2008 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Brian M. Clarke; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Nanotechnology is a thriving industry and has the potential to benefit society in numerous ways. However, not all environmental and human health concerns of nanomaterials have been addressed. Thus, the purpose of this research was to investigate the toxicity and inflammation potential (using cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-6 as indicators) of various sized copper nanoparticles (40, 60, and 80 nm) in rat alveolar macrophages. Toxicity measurements were accomplished by means of ... |
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| Creating an Agent Based Framework to Maximize Information Utility |
MAR 2008 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Pecarina; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| With increased reliance on communications to conduct military operations, information centric network management becomes vital. A Defense department study of information management for net-centric operations lists the need for tools for information triage (based on relevance, priority, and quality) to counter information overload, semi-automated mechanisms for assessment of quality and relevance of information, and advances to enhance cognition and information understanding in the context of missions. Maximizing information utility to ... |
|
| Antioxidant Prophylaxis in the Prevention of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) |
FEB 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
A. P. Kumar; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO
|
| Clinically significant prostate cancer usually occurs in men who are 65 and older although precursor lesions are known to exist many years prior to cancer diagnosis. Histopathological changes referred to as Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PIN) are considered to be the most likely precursor of prostate cancer. The mechanism(s) involved in progression of indolent to active disease remains elusive although a role for age-related increase in oxidative stress has been proposed. ... |
|
| Phosphoinositide-Driven Epithelial Proliferation in Prostatic Inflammation |
01-Jan-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Travis J Jerde; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| With this proposal, we seek to determine the mechanisms for epithelial proliferation in response to inflammation, a process termed reactive hyperplasia . The purpose of this report is to evaluate the first year of research on this project. We found that interleukin signaling is critical to the hyperplastic response of the prostate, and that proliferation is driven in the epithelium of the prostate by phosphoinositide-dependent action, while stromal proliferation appears ... |
|
| PSMA-Targeted Polygadolinium Clusters: A Novel Agent for Imaging Prostate Cancer |
01-Jan-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Louis Messerle; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| Controlled hydrolysis of lanthanide element or yttrium salts in the presence of amino acids yields a series of polynuclear clusters with two four twelve fourteen and fifteen lanthanide or yttrium centers bridged by hydroxides and possessing chelating amino acids. The MRI relaxivity of the gadolinium (Gd) clusters has been studied in vitro with an unprecedented large pH-dependent value of 165 mM-1 s-1 for the Gd14 cluster. We have crystallized dysprosium ... |
|
| Liquid Azide Salts and Their Reactions with Common Oxidizers IRFNA and N2O4 (Postprint) |
Jan-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Stefan Schneider; Jeffrey Mills; Michael Rosander; Tommy Hawkins; Ghanshyam Vaghjiani; Steven Chambreau; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Several imidazolium-based ionic liquid azides with saturated and unsaturated side chains were prepared and their physical and structural properties were investigated. The reactivity of these new as well as some previously reported ionic liquid azides with the strong oxidizers, N2O4 and inhibited, red-fuming-nitric acid (IRFNA), were studied. |
|
| Magnesium Rich Primer for Chrome Free Protection of Aluminum Alloys (Preprint) |
DEC 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Joel A. Johnson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH NONSTRUCTURAL MATERIALS BRANCH
|
| Hexavalent chromium compounds used for corrosion protection are one of the top hazardous waste materials generated by the U.S. Air Force and legislation is in effect to further restrict their use. Magnesium rich primers that utilize sacrificial magnesium metal pigment to cathodically protect aerospace aluminum alloy substrates are a potential alternative to chromated primers. This material has proven to be particularly effective as part of a completely chromate-free coating system ... |
|
| Signaling Pathways that Medicine Neurotoxin-Induced Death of Dopamine Neurons |
NOV 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kem A. Heidenreich; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
|
| Parkinson s disease (PD) is characterized by progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway resulting in significant motor dysfunction. The pathology of PD is mimicked by exposure to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or the pesticide rotenone. These neurotoxins inhibit complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain resulting in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased cytosolic calcium. We hypothesize that ROS promotes opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition ... |
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| Surface Analysis of Reactive Ion Etched PZT Thin Films in SF6 Plasma |
SEP 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene Zakar; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| Reactive ion etching of sol-gel deposited Pb(Zr(0.52) Ti(0.48)03 thin films was performed in SF6 plasmas. Etch rate was determined as a function of cathode power and chamber pressure, attaining a value of 65 nm/min at 300 W. Auger electron spectroscopy measurements revealed an excess Pb 10 nm thin layer on as-deposited film surfaces. X -ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed the existence of ZrF4 and PbS04 species on etched surfaces, in ... |
|
| Applications of Nanotechnology in Biomimetics and Biocatalysts |
01 MAY 2007 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Chung-Yuan Mou; NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIV TAIPEI
|
| The objectives of the proposed research are to synthesize model compounds to mimic enzymes and to evaluate enzymatic activities and the stabilities of metal reactive centers and biocatalysts encapsulated in the nanochannels of MCM-41 and other mesoporous materials. The following spectroscopic techniques to characterize the materials and to elucidate the reaction mechanism: XRD, FT-IR, UV-visible, EPR and EXAFS have been applied. Efforts in the first six months of this study ... |
|
| Molecular Modeling of Interfacial Behaviors of Nanomaterials |
MAY 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John Kieffer; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| During this project period we focused predominantly on explicit-atom MD simulations and first principles DFT calculations. This involved the force field parameterization for new molecules, i.e., cyclopentene, and the exploration of various DFT codes to identify the one most suitable for our purpose. We conducted several proof of concept studies, concentrating on the structural developments in the immediate vicinity of the surface with which the polymer comes into contact. These ... |
|
| Mitochondrial Structure and Reactive Oxygen Species in Mammary Oncogenesis |
APR 2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Yun-Fai C. Lau; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INST FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SAN FRANCISCO
|
| Oxidative stress may play a role in human oncogenesis, including breast cancer. The mitochondria are most common sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for most oxidative stress. This project evaluates the role of mitochondrial abnormalities in oxidative stress in breast cancer development. Complex II mutant subunits, affecting the quinone-binding site or the heme b ligand binding site, were generated and analyzed in both cell culture and transgenic mouse systems ... |
|
| In-situ Substrate Addition to Create Reactive Zones for Treatment of Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: Cost and Performance Report |
MAR 2007 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Lutes Mr. Chris; ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| Chlorinated solvent contamination of groundwater is a widespread problem at many military and civilian facilities. This class of compounds includes widely used chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAH) such as carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride, trichloroethane, trichloroethene (TCE) and tetrachloroethene. In addition to their roles in many industrial processes, CAHs have been used extensively for cleaning and degreasing. The U.S. Armed Forces are faced with widespread, costly remediation problems related to these compounds. ... |
|
| Physiologic and Endocrine Correlates of Overweight and Obesity in African Americans and Caucasians |
MAR 2007 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia A. Deuster; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Obesity has reached epidemic levels and yet the incidence continues to rise. The current study is seeking to examine the hypothesis that obesity may reflect dysfunctioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stressors. African American persons are at greatest risk, but reasons for this difference are unknown. We will study 120 men and women of Caucasian and African American ethnicity and examine their responses to physiologic stressors: exercise ... |
|
| Plasma Assisted Combustion |
28 FEB 2007 |
372 pages |
| Authors:
Andrei Y. Starikovskii; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW INST OF PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY
|
| This report results from a contract tasking Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology as follows: The contractor will investigate the use of high voltage, nano-second plasma discharges to ignite and efficiently combust fuel/air mixtures in high speed flows. This strongly nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma has a high mean energy of electrons and will provide a source of reactive atoms, radicals, and excited molecules which has been shown to enhance ignition and ... |
|
| Kinetics of Sulfur Oxide, Sulfur Fluoride, and Sulfur Oxyfluoride Anions with Atomic Species at 298 and 500 K |
FEB 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Midey; A. A. Viggiano; BOSTON COLL CHESTNUT HILL MA
|
| The rate constants and product-ion branching ratios for the reactions of sulfur dioxide {SO2(-)}, sulfur fluoride {SF (n)-}, and sulfur oxyfluoride anions {SO(x)F(y)-} with H, H2, N, N2, NO, and 0 have been measured in a selected-ion flow tube (SIFT). H atoms were generated through a microwave discharge on a H2/He mixture, whereas O atoms were created via N atoms titrated with NO, where the N had been created by ... |
|
| Atmospheric Chemistry of Toxic Industrial Chemicals (Briefing Slides) |
11-Jan-2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Michael V Henley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB TYNDALL AFB FL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Large releases of volatile toxic industrial chemicals (TICs), either intentionally or unintentionally, pose serious threats to both military and civilian populations and operations. To predict and model the transport of any TIC requires some detailed information about its reactivity in the atmosphere. To understand the ultimate fate of a TIC, it is important to know how it is transformed during atmospheric transport and dispersion. Reactivity and fate can be addressed ... |
|
| Performance Assessment: University of Michigan Meta-Material-Backed Patch Antenna |
JAN 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Dahlstrom; Steve Weiss; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| This report describes measurements performed on a meta-material-backed patch antenna designed and fabricated at the University of Michigan for use by CERDEC. The purpose of the measurements was to resolve inconsistencies between the performance measured at these two organizations. The antenna consists of a microstrip patch, with a broad-banding slot, backed by a reactive impedance surface. The gain and impedance characteristics of the meta-material-backed patch antenna were found to be ... |
|
| PSMA-Targeted Polygadolinium Clusters: A Novel Agent for Imaging Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Louis Messerle; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| Controlled hydrolysis of lanthanide element or yttrium salts in the presence of aminoacids yields a series of polynuclear clusters with two, four, twelve, fourteen, and fifteen lanthanide or yttrium centers bridged by hydroxides and possessing chelatingamino acids. The MRI relaxivity of the gadolinium (Gd) clusters has been studied invitro, with an unprecedented, large, pH-dependent value of 165 mM-1 s-1 for the Gd14cluster. We have crystallized dysprosium (Dy) analogs of the ... |
|
| Role of Mitochondria in Prostate Cancer |
DEC 2006 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Subir K. Chowdhury; HAMILTON HEALTH SCIENCES CORP (ONTARIO)
|
| Most malignant cells are highly glycolytic and produce high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared to normal cells. Mitochondrial glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGPDH) participates in delivering reducing equivalents from this molecule into the electron transport chain thus sustaining of glycolysis. Here we investigate the role of mGPDH in maintaining an increased rate of glycolysis and evaluate glycerophosphate-dependent ROS generation in prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP DU145 RC3 and CL1). Immunoblot ... |
|
| MURI Center for Materials Chemistry in the Space Environment |
30 NOV 2006 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Steven J. Sibener; CHICAGO UNIV IL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| MURI research activities, involving strong interactions between experiment and theory, including interactions with AFRL, NASA, and Boeing, have advanced knowledge of condensed-phase and gas-phase reactions relevant to materials reactivity in LEO. We have: elucidated the mechanism by which graphite is eroded by high-kinetic energy atomic oxygen; quantified the pathways by which organic molecules react with atomic oxygen in regimes not found in the terrestrial environment; explored hyperthermal O chemistry with ... |
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| High Energy Lithium-Air Batteries for Soldier Power |
NOV 2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
D. L. Foster; J. R. Read; M. Shichtman; S. Balagopal; J. Watkins; J. Gordon; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
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| High energy lithium-air cells are being developed with the use of LISICON membranes (a dense lithium ion conductor). The LISICON membrane allows cells to be divided into separate compartments, one containing the anode and the other the cathode, each with a different electrolyte. This is particularly important for the lithium/air cell where a LISICON membrane can be used to separate an organic non-aqueous anolyte from an aqueous catholyte. The LISICON ... |
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| Miniaturized Antennas for Compact Soldier Combat Systems |
NOV 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Iftekhar O. Mirza; Shouyuan Shi; Christian Fazi; Joseph N. Mait; Dennis W. Prather; DELAWARE UNIV NEWARK DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| We simulate miniature loop and patch antennas with reactive elements embedded in the substrate of the antenna. To lower the antenna's effective resonant frequency and reduce the physical size of the antenna, we considered split-ring resonators (SRRs) as the antenna's inductive substrate material. Simulation results indicate a size reduction of up to thirty-eight percent is possible using this technique. |
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