| Production of Interleukin-6 Over a Hyperthermic Range by Lipopolysaccharide Stimulated Neutrophils |
MAY 1999 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel J. Bessmer; WISCONSIN UNIV-MILWAUKEE
|
 | Neutrophils are an essential cell of the immune system, responsible for phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens. However, their role in immunity is not limited to this action. The neutrophil response to and production of cytokines is paramount to successful immune responses. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important cytokine produced by the neutrophil. This cytokine has pleotropic activity but of interest in this study is its ability to act as an endogenous pyrogen ... |
|
| IV Fluidmakers: Preparation of Sterile Water for Injection in a Field Setting |
JUN 1993 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
W. D. Burrows; James H. Nelson; ARMY BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LAB FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Two approaches have been investigated for generating USP sterile, pyrogen-free water for injection (WFI) from potable water in the field. The first approach utilizes reverse osmosis (RO), ion exchange, a solid matrix filter containing activated carbon and zeta absorbent, a final 0.2 micrometer pore size sterilizing filter and a device for transferring the WFI to an IV bag; prototype systems based on three different hand-operated RO units weigh 1.5-3.5 kg ... |
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| Frozen Red Blood Cells in Combat Casualty Care: Clinical and Logistic Considerations |
24 DEC 1992 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
M. S. Rosenblatt; E. F. Hirsch; C. R. Valeri; BOSTON UNIV MA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| To test the hypothesis that a supply of frozen red blood cells and a system for processing sterile pyrogen- free crystalloid solution would meet the needs of an Echelon 3 medical treatment facility caring for combat casualties during the initial phase of a military medical operation. |
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| Electrochemically-Based Advanced Ozonation Modules for Water Sterilization and Purification. |
12 FEB 1992 |
|
| Authors:
G. D. Hitchens; T. D. Rogers; O. J. Murphy; LYNNTECH INC BRYAN TX
|
 | An electrochemical based Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) developed by Lynntech, Inc., was used to produce USP pharmaceutical grade Water For Injection (WFI) by decomposing pyrogen, oxidizing dissolved organics and sterilizing the final product water. Electrochemical generation of ozone is emerging as an advanced technology because: (1) ozone is formed directly from water and (2) this method provides a concentrated ozone source surpassing that of conventional ozone generation processes. By combining ... |
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| Intravenous (IV) Fluidmaker IV. A Disposable Device for Preparation of Sterile Water for Injection in a Field Setting |
JUN 91 |
|
| Authors:
W. D. Burrows; Mark O. Schmidt; James H. Nelson; ARMY BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LAB FORT DETRICK MD
|
| A small, disposable system has been developed to prepare USP Sterile Water for Injection (WFI) from a pressurized potable source. The system comprises, in series, a standard laboratory strong acid/strong base ion exchange column, an activated carbon water purification filter, a fine particle filter, a 0.21 micro sterilizing filter and a Resuscitation Fluids Production System (REFLUPS) 18 L bag set, which is filled by means of a 19port distribution head. ... |
|
| IV Fluidmaker III. Test and Evaluation of 1 L/HR Prototype |
MAR 91 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
T. L. Rogers Jr.; Mark O. Schmidt; W. D. Burrows; James H. Nelson; ARMY BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LAB FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Hand-operated fluidmakers capable of producing 1 L/hr of water for injection have been tested for their ability to remove endotoxins, oxidizables, chloride and bacteria from a challenge water having high levels of all measured parameters. Three fluidmakers consisted of a reverse osmosis unit, an ion exchange column, a water purification filter and a sterilizing filter in series; two others were identical except for the lack of ion exchange columns. Three ... |
|
| Muramyl Peptide-Enhanced Sleep: Pharmacological Optimization of Performance |
01 JUN 89 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Krueger; TENNESSEE UNIV MEMPHIS DEPT OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOPHYSICS
|
| Previous research on sleep-promoting substances that accumulate in cerebrospinal fluid during wakefulness led to the discovery of the somnogenic activity of muramyl peptides (MPs). Our broad goal is to develop information needed to ascertain if MPs or other endogenous sleep factors would be practical as somnogenic agents. We report on: 1) Murametide, an MP that induces interleukin-1 (IL1) production but also blocks IL1-induced fevers, potentiated IL1-induced fever and sleep when ... |
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| Preclinical Toxicology of New Drugs |
JUL 85 |
|
| Authors:
J. G. Page; BATTELLE COLUMBUS DIV OH
|
| Several studies were conducted in test animal species as part of the preclinical toxicological evaluation of potential therapeutic agents. These included acute and more prolonged exposure studies in rats, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs, and dogs, as well as supporting studies in dose formulation and other areas. The potential therapeutic compounds studied were WR238605, Succinate, pyridostigmine, primaquine, sodium thiosulfate, and sodium nitrite. A preparation of liposomes was evaluated for the presence ... |
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| Muramyl Peptides: Variation of Somnogenic Activity with Structure |
JAN 1984 |
|
| Authors:
J. M. Krueger; J. Walter; M. L. Karnovsky; L. Chedid; J. P. Choay; CHICAGO MEDICAL SCHOOL IL
|
|
| Characterization of Human Macrophage Antigens Identified by Monoclonal Antibodies |
84 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Theresa L. Murphy; J. T. August; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD DEPT OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPE UTICS
|
| U937 is a cell line derived from a human histiocytic lymphoma. This cell has some of the properties of macrophages. It elaborates factors that effect normal human hematopoiesis. It can be activated by supernatants of mixed lymphocyte cells or by 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate to exhibit several properties associated with macrophages: myeloid morphology, binding of the chemotactic peptide fMet-Leu-Phe, antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity, and Fc- receptor activity. The cells also have strong esterase ... |
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| The Use of ATP-MgCl2 in the Treatment of Injury and Shock |
31 AUG 1982 |
|
| Authors:
A. E. Baue; I. H. Chaudry; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CONN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| In normal as well as hypovolemic awake dogs, cardiac output can be increased significantly by infusion of ATP-MgCl2 intravenously at rates of 0.5- 2.5mg/kg/min. The higher doses of ATP-MgCl2 may have detrimental hemodynamic effects, however, such effects are immediately reversible by ceasing ATP-MgCl2 infusion. Moreover, the deleterious hemodynamic effects of very high doses of ATP-MgCl2 can be markedly ameliorated by atropine. Infusion of ATP-MgCl2 did not affect hepatic or renal ... |
|
| Hypothesis: Leukocyte Endogenous Mediator/Endogenous Pyrogen/Lymphocyte- Activating Factor Modulates the Development of Nonspecific and Specific Immunity and Affects Nutritional Status |
01 JUL 1981 |
|
| Authors:
Michael C. Powanda; William R. Beisel; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
|
| Pathophysiology of Relapsing Fever: Interaction of Borrelia Spirochetes with Blood Mononuclear Leukocytes Causes Production of Leukocytic Pyrogen and Tissue Thromboplastin. |
10 DEC 1980 |
|
| Authors:
Thomas Butler; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH DEPT OF MEDICINE
|
| Relapsing fever caused by Borrelia spirochetes is characterized by episodes of spirochetemia, fever, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). We examined the ability of Borrelia hermsii, which does not contain endotoxin, to induce production of leukocytic pyrogen and thromboplastin from human blood leukocytes in vitro. Cultures of B. hermsii were washed with pyrogen-free saline. Mononuclear cells (MNC) were separated from blood by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient sedimentation and incubated with 2-5 spirochetes per ... |
|
| Hormones in Infection. Chapter 8. Alterations in Hormone Production and Utilization during Infection, |
28 AUG 1980 |
|
| Authors:
William R. Beisel; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
| This chapter reviews the nature of hormonal responses during infectious illnesses. It describes the short-lived adrenocortical response, the biphasic thyroid response, the minimal catecholamine response in the absence of shock, the combined insulin-glucagon response and the variable responses by individual pituitary hormones. Concepts discussed include the severity and duration of infections, differences related to the kind of infection, and endocrine-associated complications of infection. |
|
| Storage Reliability of Missile Materiel Program. Igniters and Safe and Arm Device Analysis. |
MAY 1976 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis F. Malik; RAYTHEON CO HUNTSVILLE AL LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS GROUP
|
| This report summarizes analyses on the non-operating reliability of missile igniters and safe and arm devices. From the data analyzed aging is indicated for these devices after long term storage. The aging mechanisms and trends are given together with a reliability prediction model. This information is part of a research program being conducted by the U. S. Army Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, Alabama. The objective of this program is the ... |
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| The Effects of Fever on the Salivation Response in the Resting and Exercising Dog, |
30 APR 1974 |
|
| Authors:
F. R. Sharp; H. T. Hammel; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CALIF PHYSIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LAB
|
| The effects of pyrogens on the relationship between thermoregulatory salivation and hypothalamic temperature were studied in the resting and exercising dog at different environmental temperatures. The slope and threshold of the curve of salivation versus hypothalamic temperature were decreased in three afebrile dogs during exercise as compared to rest. With fever there was increase in the threshold for salivation both at rest and at 6.4 kilometers per hour at ambient ... |
|
| A Mediator for Triggering Non-Specific Host Defense Mechanisms, |
1972 |
|
| Authors:
Robert S. Pekarek; Robert W. Wannemacher Jr; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
| Prospective clinical studies in volunteers have shown that experimentally-induce bacterial or viral infections induce alterations early in the prodromal period in a variety of anabolism-related metabolic processes. Studies in experimental animals and man have shown that the mechanisms leading to these host changes were mediated by an endogenous humoral factor which enters the serum. This heat labile endogenous mediator, like endogenous pyrogen, was released by PMN leukocytes and possibly other ... |
|
| Physiologic Changes during the Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction in Early Syphilis. A Comparison with Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever |
23 JUL 1970 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
D. A. Warrell; P. L. Perine; A. D. M. Bryceson; E. H. Parry; Helen M. Pope; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH UNIT NO 3 APO NEW YORK 09319 FIELD FACILITY
|
| In twelve of fifteen patients with early syphilis body temperature increased by more than 0.8C after treatment with penicillin. In all cases the blood leukocyte count increased; the lymphocyte count fell in seven of eight patients, but neutropenia was never observed. In four of the patients detailed cardiorespiratory measurements were made. During the Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (J-HR) metabolic rate increased, but pulmonary ventilation and cardiac output exceeded metabolic requirements. There was ... |
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| SYSTEM FOR FIELD PREPARATION OF ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTIONS. VOLUME II. SYSTEM EVALUATION. |
JUL 1968 |
|
| Authors:
BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS INC FULLERTON CALIF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
|
| The report gives test results on the water purification system as discussed in Vol. I, AD-683 472. |
|
| SYSTEM FOR FIELD PREPARATION OF ELECTROLYTIC SOLUTIONS. VOLUME I. PROGRAM REVIEW. |
JUL 1968 |
|
| Authors:
BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS INC FULLERTON CALIF ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
|
| This report discusses a system for field preparation of electrolytic solutions using prepackaged, dried electrolyte and field production of water for injection, utilizing a small, man-packable, light-weight assembly of items suitable for field use in preparing sterile, pyrogen-free solutions for intravenous use. |
|
| EVALUATION OF A POLYVALENT ANTI-SNAKE-VENOM SERUM. |
13 MAY 1968 |
|
| Authors:
David K. Hysell; Frank L. DelGreco; Joseph M. McKay; Thomas A. Billings; Edith Bowles-Ledford; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT KNOX KY
|
| The purpose of this investigation was to assay the potency and specificity of a polyvalent anti-snake-venom serum and to determine the safety of this material by bacteriological and pyrogenicity tests. (Author) |
|
| A CONTINUOUS BODY TEMPERATURE MONITORING SYSTEM FOR UTILIZATION IN PYROGEN TESTING. |
24 OCT 1967 |
|
| Authors:
Robert W. Bull; David K. Hysell; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT KNOX KY
|
| A continuous temperature monitoring system was employed in rabbits which utilized a subcutaneously placed copper-constantan thermocouple attached to a direct drive recorder. It has the following advantages over the previous method of rectal temperature determinations. It was more reliable, less subject to environmental variations resulting from animal handling and substantially reduced the technician time required by the other method. (Author) |
|
| EUROPEAN SCIENTIFIC NOTES. Volume 20, Number 6. |
15 JUN 1966 |
|
| Authors:
Bernard Epstein; Victoria Hewitson; OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| This is a monthly publication presenting brief articles concerning recent developments in European scientific research. It is hoped that these articles (which do not constitute part of the scientific literature) may prove of value to both American and European scientists by disclosing interesting information well in advance of the usual scientific publications. The articles are written by members of the scientific staff of ONRL, with an occasional article contributed by ... |
|
| SPECIAL REPORT TO THE COMMISSION ON EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE ARMED FORCES EPIDEMIOLOGICAL BOARD |
MAR 1966 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Harry G. Dangerfield; ARMY MEDICAL UNIT FREDERICK MD
|
| Contents: Pyrogenic Effects of Staphylococcal Entertoxin B, Clearance and Localization Kinetics of Radioactive Labeled Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B, Effects of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B on the Coagulation Mechanism and Leukocytic Response in Beagle Dogs--A Preliminary Study, Serological Methods for Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Antibody, and Detection and Measurement of Immunological Responses to Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B. |
|
| SHELF AND SERVICE LIFE TEST OF ROCKET MOTORS, M16E3 FOR MACE (MGM-13A), |
MAR 1964 |
|
| Authors:
Alden T. Arbon; OGDEN AIR MATERIEL AREA HILL AFB UTAH
|
| Tests were accomplished to determine the feasibility of extending the combined service and shelf life of the M16E3 Rocket Motor for the MGM13A Missile System. Inspection, both visual and radiographic, along with static firing was accomplished on five motors, age 60 months. Tests were conducted at -30 F and 160 F. X-ray examination revealed several small propellant defects. These defects did not have an adverse effect on performance. One motor, ... |
|
| SERUM PROTEINS OF GERM-FREE RATS FED WATER-SOLUBLE DIETS, |
1964 |
|
| Authors:
B. S. Wostmann; G. B. Olson; J. R. Pleasants; NOTRE DAME UNIV IND LOBUND INST
|
| The report presents data on serum proteins of germfree rats fed a chemically defined, water-soluble 'antigen free' diet which was filter-sterilized. This type of diet, composed almost entirely of low-molecularweight compounds and free of material of bacterial origin, should further reduce the level of reticuloendothelial system activity because of the absence of stimulation caused by high-molecular-weight substances and by killed and disintegrated microbial agents. The results indicate that, although most ... |
|
| SERVICEABILITY TEST OF ROCKET MOTORS, M16E3 FOR MACE (MGM-13A), |
OCT 1963 |
|
| Authors:
Ted Arbon; OGDEN AIR MATERIEL AREA HILL AFB UTAH
|
| A field activity reported that material was seeping out of the rocket motors used on the MACE (MGM-13A) Missile. Two motors, with the greatest seepage were selected for static firing to determine the affect of the condition on serviceability. The motors were 51 and 56 months old when fired. Prior to firing, they were X-rayed. No significant adverse conditions were found. The static firing tests wwere conducted at -30 and ... |
|
| IMMUNIZATION AGAINST PLAGUE BY A SPECIFIC FRACTION OF PASTEURELLA PSEUDOTURBERCULOSIS |
MAR 1963 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
W. D. Lawton; M. J. Surgalla; ARMY BIOLOGICAL LABS FREDERICK MD
|
| An antigen, designated PP, common to Pasteurella pestis and Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis, has been isolated free of antigens detectable by gel diffusion. It will protect guinea pigs against plague one day after vaccination. PP apparently is a protein lipopolyssccharide complex and is analogous to endotoxin in incroasing resistance to infection, but is nontoxic in mice and guinea pigs. PP is different from and does not contain any of the antigens that ... |
|
| UHF TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING SET |
JUN 1960 |
|
| Authors:
MANSON LABS STAMFORD CONN
|
| The research objective is to design, develop, and construct 5 UHF FM transmitting and receiving sets. Miniaturization techniques, transistor applications as well as improved and additional circuitry will make these service test sets superior to radio set AN/SRC-17(XN-1). Development progress is reported on the exciter, receiver, error detector, driver, intermediate power amplifier, power amplifier, heat exchanger, rack, and power supplies. (Author) |
|
| STUDIES ON ANTI-TISSUE SERUM. |
28 JAN 1953 |
|
| Authors:
C. M. Pomerat; TEXAS UNIV MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON
|
| Contents: Macrophage Factor of Blood; Mercurial Diuretics; Cytology of the Human Nasal Mucosa. |
|
| A SMALL ROTARY VAPOR COMPRESSION STILL FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PYROGEN-FREE WATER. |
1940 |
|
| Authors:
BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS INC FULLERTON CALIF
|
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Reports by Keyword(s)
PYROGENS
