| A Physical Model of Human Skin and Its Application for Search and Rescue |
Dec-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Abel S Nunez; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
 | For this research we created a human skin reflectance model in the VIS and NIR. We then modeled sensor output for an RGB sensor based on output from the skin reflectance model. The model was also used to create a skin detection algorithm and a skin pigmentation level (skin reflectance at 685nm) estimation algorithm. The average root mean square error across the VIS and NIR between the skin reflectance model ... |
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| Numerical Model Study of the Tuscarawas River below Dover Dam, Ohio |
Sep-2009 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L Stockstill; Jane M Vaughan; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
 | The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Huntington District (LRH) has been charged with upgrading Dover Dam to meet hydrologic design standards and address stability issues. The LRH requested that the U. S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), evaluate the flow conditions in the Tuscarawas River downstream of Dover Dam as part of a safety assurance program. The two-dimensional depth-averaged module of the Adaptive Hydraulics ... |
|
| Capability Surprise (Report of the Defense Science Board 2008 Summer Study). Volume 1: Main Report |
Sep-2009 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
DEFENSE SCIENCE BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
| Instability and cultural complexities in today's world, the security challenges, and the capability of non-states and extremists to make bad things happen has reached new levels. As of yet the nation has found no simple form of deterrence to deal with this complex environment. Thus, the nation must be prepared to deal with surprise in new ways. This study addresses the issue of capability surprise - what it is, why ... |
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| Probabilistic Treatment of Airlift Delivery |
Sep-2009 |
|
| Authors:
W L Greer; A I Kaufman; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
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| Traditionally, a deterministic simulation is used to estimate airborne cargo and passenger delivery in wartime scenarios. Deterministic models address reliability by removing the number of non-mission capable aircraft from the total possessed numbers at the very beginning of the delivery process. Only mission capable (MC) aircraft, minus any special mission withholds, are used in the model. Most important, once an aircraft is deemed to be MC, it never fails anywhere ... |
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| Traffic-Adaptive, Flow-Specific Medium Access for Wireless Networks |
Sep-2009 |
263 pages |
| Authors:
Walker; T O III; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This dissertation pioneers the concept of traffic-adaptive, flow-specific medium access and demonstrates that it outperforms contention, non-contention and hybrid techniques. The novel traffic-adaptive Cooperative Wireless Sensor Network Medium Access Control (CWS-MAC) scheme is proposed and shown to provide better throughput and delay performance than slotted, non-persistent carrier sense multiple access (CSMA), upon which the IEEE 802.11 standard is based, and time division multiple access (TDMA). A general model for traffic-adaptive, ... |
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| Use of Probabilistic Topic Models for Search |
Sep-2009 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Marco Draeger; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis solves a common issue in search applications. Typically, the user does not know exactly which terms are used in a document he is searching for. Several attempts have been made to overcome this issue by augmenting the document model and/or the query. In this thesis, a probabilistic topic model augments the document model. Probabilistic document models are formally introduced and inference methods are derived. It is shown how ... |
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| Double Rail Tests |
24-Jul-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Ira S Moskowitz; Gerard Allwein; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| We present algebraic operators useful in constructing models for software engineering applied to reliability and security. Double rail testing is a mathematical formalism for analyzing testing situations that have both false positives and false negatives, as well as true positives and true negatives. Furthermore, tests are qualitatively modeled via channel theory, and their quantitative behavior is described as a Shannon binary communication channel. Tests, viewed strictly quantitatively, form a domain ... |
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| Protecting the U.S. Perimeter: Border Searches Under the Fourth Amendment |
29-Jun-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Yule Kim; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Fourth Amendment requires that a search or seizure conducted by a governmental agent be reasonable and supported by probable cause. The Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourth Amendment to include a presumptive warrant requirement on all searches and seizures conducted by the government. Any violation of these requirements could result in the suppression of any information derived therefrom. The Supreme Court, however, has also recognized situations that render obtaining ... |
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| Optimizing Airborne Networking Performance with Cross-Layer Design Approach |
Jun-2009 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Tarek Saadawi; CITY UNIV OF NEW YORK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| We analyzed the impact of the physical propagation environment on the performance of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) protocols. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is chosen as typical routing protocol for the experiment. We used the network simulator OPNET to design our airborne network (AN) environment model. Our approach utilized the experimental results that we have obtained at the Air Force Lab in our design to model a cross layer ... |
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| Friction on Crack Surfaces During Compression of Explosives - A Source of Hot Spots and Probable Ignition Sites |
May-2009 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Donald A Wiegand; Brett Redingius; Kevin Ellis; Claire Leppard; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER PICATINNY ARSENAL NJ
|
| The mechanical properties of composite plastic bonded explosives were investigated as a function of confining pressure. The results indicate different failure processes in two pressure ranges, a low pressure range between about 0.1 to 7.0 MPa, which is considered in this paper and a higher pressure range. In the low pressure range, crack processes are important in failure. The pressure dependence of the compressive strength in the low pressure range ... |
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| Interfacing Network Simulations and Empirical Data |
May-2009 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Ian McCulloh; Joshua Lospinoso; Anthony Johnson; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
|
| This project tests Social Network Models for longitudinal data against empirical data using an original statistical test to determine the effectiveness of various models at reproducing networks. The Link Probability Model (LPM) is introduced as a viable model for the reproduction of social networks in dynamic equilibrium. We survey social network simulation packages and find that Construct uses a continually updated LPM as its stochastic engine, further establishing the LPM's ... |
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| Representation and Analysis of Probabilities Intelligence Data (RAPID) |
Apr-2009 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene Fink; Jaime G Carbonell; Anatole Gershman; Ganesh Mani; Dwight Dietrich; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Tools were developed for the representation and analysis of uncertainty in INTEL data and targeted uncertainty reduction. The purpose is to help INTEL analysts answer these questions: 1) What hypotheses can be validated/refuted based on available uncertain data and at what level of certainty? 2) What missing data is critical for verifying or refuting given hypotheses and increasing the certainty of current conclusions? 3) What are the tradeoffs between the ... |
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| Optimizing Uncertainty in Dempster-Shafer Detectors Fusing Multi-Sensor Data |
Mar-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Nasser M Nasrabadi; Kenneth I Ranney; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| Fusion algorithms based on the Dempster-Shafer (DS) Theory of Evidence lack a universally standard method for automatically assigning probability mass to the don't know hypothesis for a particular input. For example, when fusing automatic target detection (ATD) algorithm outputs from multiple sensors, one must associate a measure of uncertainty with the output from the ATD algorithm of each sensor. We describe such a fusion algorithm, developed using the DS formalism, ... |
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| Automated Detection of a Crossing Contact Based on Its Doppler Shift |
Mar-2009 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Whye Kaong How; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The trade-off between false alarm and detection probability is a fundamental challenge in the automated detection of contacts in passive sonar systems. A common approach is the application of high gain processing followed by successive classification criteria. Most classification schemes (e.g., matching of signature) are complex and tailored to specific target types. By contrast, the Doppler effect is readily observed in all contacts with discrete tonals and relative velocity to ... |
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| Taxonomy for and Analysis of Anonymous Communications Networks |
Mar-2009 |
257 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas Kelly; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Any entity operating in cyberspace is susceptible to debilitating attacks. With cyber attacks intended to gather intelligence and disrupt communications rapidly replacing the threat of conventional and nuclear attacks, a new age of warfare is at hand. In 2003, the United States acknowledged that the speed and anonymity of cyber attacks makes distinguishing among the actions of terrorists, criminals, and nation states difficult. Even President Obama's Cybersecurity Chief-elect feels challenged ... |
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| The Use of Conditional and Potential Instability Axes for Severe Weather Forecasting |
Mar-2009 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas A Oltmer; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In this thesis, we used an innovative approach to severe weather forecasting using traditional forecast parameters. The maximum theta-e (potential instability) in the lowest 300 mb and the deep-layer lapse rate (conditional instability) fields are two commonly used forecast parameters for severe weather forecasting, and the ridges of these fields, or more specifically, the ridge intersections, were hypothesized to indicate regions for enhanced severe convection. In addition, the sharpness of ... |
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| Engineered Bio-Molecular Nano-Devices/Systems |
Mar-2009 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew D Hibbs; Geoffrey A Barrall; ELECTRONIC BIO SCIENCES LLC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The goal of the MOLDICE program was to exploit ion channels for practical ion channel based sensing. Stochastic sensing provides a detection method that can deliver extremely low false alarm rates while still maintaining a high probability of detection. In order to develop a practical system that could be deployed in the field, the EBS led team addressed several key system parameters. First, to eliminate the previous need for vibration ... |
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| Low Probability of Intercept Waveforms via Intersymbol Dither Performance Under Multipath Conditions |
Mar-2009 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan K Keen; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This thesis examines the effects of multipath interference on Low Probability of Intercept (LPI) waveforms generated using intersymbol dither. This thesis expands on prior work by examining the effects of multipath interference on cooperative and non-cooperative receiver performance to assess the above method's effectiveness using a more realistic model of the physical transmission channel. The performance of a Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) cooperative equalizer and a Constant Modulus Algorithm ... |
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| Detecting Near-Earth Objects Using Cross-Correlation with a Point Spread Function |
Mar-2009 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony O'Dell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT/DEPT OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS
|
| This thesis describes a process to help discover Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) of larger than 140 meters in diameter from ground based telescopes. The process involves using Nyquist sampling rate to take data from a ground-based telescope and measuring the atmospheric seeing parameter, r(0), at the time of data collection. r(0) is then used to create a point spread function (PSF) for a NEO at the visual magnitude limit of the ... |
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| Probability of Kill for VLA ASROC Torpedo Launch |
Mar-2009 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J Valerio; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of this thesis is to generate a tactical decision aid (TDA) capable of calculating the probability of kill of a submarine when targeted with a vertical launched (VLA) anti-submarine rocket propelled torpedo (ASROC). In determining the submarine specific probability of kill (Pk), the Passive Contact Tracker and Kill Probability (PACT-AKP) TDA will calculate the submarine's position and its area of uncertainty (AOU) based on single or multiple ASW ... |
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| Dynamic Channel Allocation in Wireless Networks Using Learning Automata (Preprint) |
Mar-2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Behdis Eslamnour; Maciej Zawodniok; Jagannathan Sarangapani; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| Single channel based wireless networks have limited bandwidth and throughput and the bandwidth utilization decreases due to congestion and interference from other sources. In order to increase the throughput, transmission in multiple channels is considered as an option. In this paper, we propose a distributed dynamic channel allocation scheme using adaptive learning automata for wireless networks whose nodes are equipped with single radio interfaces. The proposed schemes, Adaptive Pursuit Reward-Inaction, ... |
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| An Optimization Framework Based on Domain Decomposition and Model Reduction |
27-Feb-2009 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Matthias Heinkenschloss; Danny C Sorensen; RICE UNIV HOUSTON TX DEPT OF COMPUTATIONAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
|
| This collaborative research has developed rigorous mathematical and computational frameworks for reduced order model (ROM) generation and the use of ROMs in real-time, design, control, and probabilistic applications of relevance to the Air Force. This research has provided theoretical analyses and numerical studies for several new/extensions of existing ROM approaches, such as goal-oriented, model-constrained approach, balanced truncation model reduction (BTMR) of descriptor systems, and the integration of domain decomposition and ... |
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| Individual Decision-Making in Uncertain and Large-Scale Multi-Agent Environments |
18-Feb-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Prashant Doshi; Adam Goodie; GEORGIA UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC ATHENS
|
| Research undertaken in this initial performance period developed: (a) the first set of generally applicable approximation methods for the finitely nested interactive POMDP (I-POMDP) framework, and (b) novel probabilistic graphical models called interactive dynamic influence diagrams (I-DIDs) that generalize the well-known DIDs to multiagent settings. These methods provide approximation techniques for decision making in complex multiagent settings in reduced time and space facilitating scalability. Experiments reveal that the approaches generate ... |
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| A Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Deployed Military Personnel After the Implementation of the Leishmaniasis Control Program at Tallil Air Base, Iraq |
Jan-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Schleier; Jerome J III; Robert K Peterson; Paula A Macedo; Ryan S Davis; Loren M Barber; MONTANA STATE UNIV BOZEMAN DEPT OF LAND RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
|
| Leishmaniasis has been of concern to the U.S. military and has re-emerged in importance because of recent deployments to the Middle East. We conducted a retrospective probabilistic risk assessment for military personnel potentially exposed to insecticides during the Leishmaniasis Control Plan (LCP) undertaken in 2003 at Tallil Air Base, Iraq. We estimated acute and subchronic risks from resmethrin, malathion, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and pyrethrins applied using a truckmounted ultra-low-volume (ULV) ... |
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| Structure and Dynamics of End-to-End Loop Formation of the Penta-Peptide Cys-Ala-Gly-Gln-Trp in Implicit Solvents |
Jan-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Anders Wallqvist; In-Chul Yeh; BIOTECHNOLOGY HPC SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS INST FORT DETRICK MD
|
| To investigate the effects of implicit solvents on peptide structure and dynamics, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations on the penta-peptide Cys-Ala-Gly-Gln-Trp. Two different implicit solvent models based on the CHARMM22 all-atom force field were used. Structural properties of the peptide such as distributions of end-to-end distances and dihedral angles obtained from molecular dynamics simulations with implicit solvent models were in a good agreement with those obtained from a previous ... |
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| Performance Analysis of a JTIDS/Link-16-type Waveform Transmitted over Slow, Flat Nakagami Fading Channels in the Presence of Narrowband Interference |
Dec-2008 |
208 pages |
| Authors:
Chi-Han Kao; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Link-16 is a tactical data link. It provides presumably secure and jam-resistant tactical information for land, sea, and air platforms. The communication terminal of Link-16 is called Joint Tactical Information Distribution System (JTIDS) and features Reed-Solomon (RS) coding, symbol interleaving, cyclic code-shift keying (CCSK) for M-ary symbol modulation, minimum-shift keying (MSK) for chip modulation, and combined frequency-hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum for transmission security. In this dissertation, the performance ... |
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| Continuous System-Level Scale for Comparing Laser Gain Media |
Dec-2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey O White; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| Several quantities are proposed for facilitating a quantitative comparison of laser gain media, operating temperatures, pump, and laser wavelengths. They are based on the occupation probability of absorbing and emitting pump and laser levels. The system level, l, has a numerical value coinciding with conventional usage of the terms two-, three-, and four-level systems. The occupation factor has a value from -1 to +1, and is appropriate for describing an ... |
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| Optimal Sensor Placement with Terrain-Based Constraints and Signal Propagation Effects |
Dec-2008 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Sergey N Vecherin; D K Wilson; Chris L Pettit; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| The optimal sensor placement problem, as considered here, is to select the types and locations of sensors providing coverage at high value terrain locations while minimizing a specified cost function. The cost function can reflect various disincentives, such as the actual cost of the sensors, the total number of sensors, and the probability that the sensor will be found and disabled by hostile actors. The probability of detection (at a ... |
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| Measurement of Trace Explosive Residues in a Surrogate Operational Environment: Implications for Tactical Use of Chemical Sensing in C-IED Operations |
Dec-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Dennis Hardy; Fountain; Augustus W III; Roderick R Kunz; Kerin Clow; Stanley A Ostazeski; Jonathan Oyler; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| A campaign to measure the amount of trace explosive residues in an operational military environment was conducted on May 27-31, 2007, at the National Training Center at Fort Irwin, CA. The objectives to this campaign were to develop the methods needed to collect and analyze samples from tactical military settings, to use the data obtained to determine what the trace-explosive signatures suggest about the potential capabilities of chemical-based means to ... |
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| Theory and Application of an Eye-Point Dependent Metric for Multiresolution Terrain Models |
20-Oct-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
William Ribarsky; Zachary Wartell; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHARLOTTE
|
| We further developed our interactive visualization for terrain change detection and investigated a broader range of data structures for probabilistic surface modeling. Detecting changes in LIDAR scans creates an overwhelming number of change models. These models should be grouped into meaningful higher level events. For example, a set of 100 removed trees grouped into a deforestation event. These events would provide a semantic index into the set of change models. ... |
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| Cross-Domain Fault Localization: A Case for a Graph Digest Approach |
01-Oct-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey G Xie; William D Fischer; Joel D Young; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| Prior research has focused on intra-domain fault localization leaving the cross-domain problem largely unaddressed. Faults often have widespread effects, which if correlated, could significantly improve fault localization. Past efforts rely on probing techniques or assume hierarchical domain structures; however, administrators are often unwilling to share network structure and state and domains are organized and connected in complex ways. We present an inference-graph-digest based formulation of the problem. The formulation not ... |
|
| Counterfactual Reasoning: A Basic Guide for Analysts, Strategists, and Decision Makers (The Proteus Monograph Series, Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2008) |
Oct-2008 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Noel Hendrickson; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA CENTER FOR STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP
|
| Counterfactual reasoning is the process of evaluating conditional claims about alternate possibilities and their consequences (i.e., What If statements). These alternatives can be either past possibilities (e.g., If the United States had not abolished the Iraqi army in 2003, then the Iraqi insurgency would have been significantly smaller in 2005) or future possibilities (e.g., If Iran had nuclear weapons, then it would provide this technology to Hezbollah). Counterfactuals are essential ... |
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| Probability-Of-Opportunity for Airborne Search Problems |
Oct-2008 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Jeff Dubois; Jason Bowman; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AIR VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| The concept of probability-of-opportunity grew out of work being done under the Air Force Research Laboratory's Next Generation Unmanned Aircraft System (AFRL/NGUAS) efforts. Specifically, AFRL was looking to better understand the relationships between sensor, sensor platform, and target characteristics in order to effectively search an area or route. Time-based simulation is quite costly and does not give immediate insight into what drives the search problem due to the lack of ... |
|
| The Development of a Kernel to Detect Ziphius cavirostris Vocalizations and a Performance Assessment of an Automated Passive Acoustic Detection Scheme |
01-Sep-2008 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Jessica R Mohamed; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| An ensemble consisting of 150 Ziphius cavirostris vocalizations was compiled from acoustic data recorded at two High-frequency Acoustic Recording Package (HARP) locations: the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS)'s Point Sur HARP and Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)'s site H HARP. The ensemble was analyzed via a principal component analysis (PCA). The results of the PCA verified the statistical robustness of the signal and yielded one dominant mode which accounted for 73% ... |
|
| Improving Life Cycle Management Through Simulation and Efficient Design |
01-Sep-2008 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Alberto A Garcia; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Life Cycle Management (LCM) is defined as a decision-making process that takes into consideration the benefits, costs, and risks associated with each action over the full life cycle of a system. Effective LCM requires good forecasting to help determine future requirements for design and development, acquisition, in-service support and sustainment, modernization, and final disposal of a fleet of systems. It is in forecasting that simulation tools play a key role ... |
|
| A Probabilistic Approach to Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness (TCCOR) |
01-Sep-2008 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth A Wallace; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Tropical Cyclone Conditions of Readiness (TCCOR) are set at DoD installations in the Western Pacific to convey the risk associated with the onset of destructive winds from approaching tropical cyclones. In this thesis, the methods by which TCCOR are set were analyzed to determine if objective and/or probabilistic guidance could improve the process. The Tropical Prediction Utility (TPU) was developed by forecasters at Yokosuka, JA and the Joint Typhoon Warning ... |
|
| Digital Communications Over Non-Fading and Fading Channels |
01-Sep-2008 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Hernandez; Jose H Jr; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The objective of this thesis is to enhance the ability of the Improved Many-on-Many (IMOM) software package to analyze modern digital communication systems using available intelligence. Currently, IMOM can only be used to analyze analog communication systems, but modern systems are, increasingly digital. In this thesis, the probability of bit error expressions for many common digital modulation techniques, both binary and non-binary, are inverted to obtain expressions for the required ... |
|
| Enhanced Life Prediction Technology for Engine Rotor Life Extension (ERLE) |
Sep-2008 |
167 pages |
| Authors:
Hudak; Stephen J Jr; Michael P Enright; R C McClung; Luc J Huyse; Harry Millwater; Tom Conquest; Ana Del Amo; Simeon Fitch; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) conceived of the Engine Rotor Life Extension (ERLE) program as a sound science and technology investment that offers the potential for significant cost avoidance. The strategy for meeting this goal is to extend the life of certain life-limiting components, without increasing risk, by systematically improving, and more effectively integrating, a number of life management technologies -- life prediction, nondestructive inspection, engine health monitoring, maintenance, ... |
|
| The Mean vs Life-Limiting Fatigue Response of a Ni-Base Superalloy, Part 2: Life Prediction Methodology (Preprint) |
Sep-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
S K Jha; J M Larsen; M J Caton; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| In Part 1, we showed that the mean fatigue behavior of IN100 separates from the life-limiting response as stress level is decreased. This separation of lifetimes was suggested to be related to the development of heterogeneity levels of local deformation that produce sequential occurrence of short-lifetime and the mean-lifetime dominating mechanisms. In the current paper, we show that the distribution in the life-limiting mechanism is controlled by small-crack growth from ... |
|
| A Quantitative Framework to Assess the Impacts of New Technologies and Systems on the Seabasing Concept |
29-Jul-2008 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD SHIP SYSTEMS INTEGRATION AND DESIGN DEPARTMENT
|
| Seabasing has been identified as a critical future joint military capability for the United States. The complexity of the Seabasing architecture requires a coordinated development effort to address identified issues and to create a joint Seabasing system-of-systems. New technologies that provide updated capabilities are needed to make the Seabasing concept feasible. It is essential to identify the capabilities required of these new technologies and to quantify the impact of capability ... |
|
| Allocation of UAV Search Efforts Using Dynamic Programming and Bayesian Updating |
01-Jun-2008 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin McCadden; Christopher Nigus; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| As unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology and availability improves, it becomes increasingly more important to operate UAVs efficiently. Utilizing one UAV at a time is a relatively simple task, but when multiple UAVs need to be coordinated, optimal search plans can be difficult to create in a timely manner. In this thesis, we create a decision aid that generates efficient routes for multiple UAVs using dynamic programming and a limited-look-ahead ... |
|
| Numerical Simulation Investigations in Weapon Delivery Probabilities |
01-Jun-2008 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Kristofer A Peterson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The study of weapon delivery probabilities has historically been focused around analytical solutions and approximations for weapon delivery accuracy and effectiveness calculations. With the relatively recent increase in modern computing power many of the historical expressions can be simulated quickly with similar or more accurate results than the historical expressions and approximations. In this thesis simulation methods are used to evaluate weapon delivery probability parameters including circular error probable, range ... |
|
| Automated Influence Network Generation and the Node Parameter Sensitivity Analysis |
01-Jun-2008 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Il-Chul Moon; Kathleen M Carley; Eunice J Kim; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA
|
| An influence network is a directed graph extensively used for Effects-Based Operation. It contains nodes that represent events and links that encode causal relationships among events. It propagates the likelihood of each event through promotion or inhibition by its parents. As a subject matter expert often builds this network by hand, we helped simplify the influence network generation in Organization Risk Analyzer. The resulting influence network is generated from a ... |
|
| Analyzing the Effects of Component Reliability on Naval Integrated Power System Quality of Service |
01-Jun-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Benjamin F Hawbaker; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The Integrated Power System (IPS) is a key enabling technology for future naval vessels and their advanced weapon systems. While conventional warship designs utilize separate power systems for propulsion and shipboard electrical service, the IPS combines these functions. This allows greater optimization of engineering plant design and operations and leads to significant potential lifecycle cost savings through reduced fuel consumption and maintenance. Traditionally the focus of power system design has ... |
|
| MINDS - Medical Information Network Decision Support System |
01-Jun-2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
H K Armenian; TECHFINITY INC CALABASAS CA
|
| Advances in medical knowledge and technology have created new opportunities for disease specific diagnosis and treatment. The increase in and complexity of medical data at various levels of resolution has increased the need for system level advancements in clinical decision support systems that provide computer-aided analysis for diagnostics and treatment. In order to facilitate a more rapid and systematic transfer of new medical knowledge and capabilities into mainstream clinical practice, ... |
|
| Probability Prediction of a Nation's Internal Conflict Based on Instability |
01-Jun-2008 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Shian-Kuen Wann; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Since the end of cold war, predicting a nation state's instability has been a challenging national security issue for the United States. This thesis presents several methods to predict the conflict potential for failed nation states by comparing their social, economic, political, and military statistics with those in the past. This study uses the Brier scoring rule to evaluate the performances of these probability prediction methods. The study provides insights ... |
|
| Understanding Information Uncertainty within the Context of a Net-Centric Data Model: A Mine Warfare Example |
01-Jun-2008 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Megan Cramer; NAVAL SEA SYSTEMS COMMAND WASHINGTON DC MINE WARFARE PROGRAM OFFICE (PMS 495)
|
| This paper examines the challenge of assessing operational measures of effectiveness given incomplete and often imperfect information. With the migration of software applications towards a service-oriented architecture and net-centric capability, the ability to capture, quantify, and aggregate uncertainty of information within a semantic framework will be integral to conveying the true operational picture. A potential way to represent the uncertainty of available data is through the incorporation of probabilistic information ... |
|
| Polynomial-Time Identification of Optimal Robust Network Flows Under Certain Arc Failures (Preprint) |
JUN 2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Clayton W. Commander; Vladimir Boginski; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
|
| Network flow problems have a wide variety of important applications in many areas. Although deterministic formulations of these problems are well-studied, in many practical situation one has to deal with uncertainties associated with possible failures of network components (e.g., each arc has a probability of failure). Formulations and optimal solutions of these problems need to be adjusted to take into account these uncertainty factors. The main difficulty arising in addressing ... |
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| Heterogeneous Deformation and Spall of an Extruded Tungsten Alloy: Plate Impact Experiments and Crystal Plasticity Modeling |
01-Apr-2008 |
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| Authors:
T J Vogler; J D Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| The role of microstructure in the dynamic deformation and fracture of a dual phase, polycrystalline tungsten alloy under highrate impact loading is investigated via experiments and modeling. The material studied consists of pure tungsten crystals embedded in a ductile binder alloy comprised of tungsten, nickel, and iron. The tungsten crystals are elongated in a preferred direction of extrusion during processing. Plate impact tests were conducted on samples oriented either perpendicular ... |
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| Acoustic and Seismic Sensor Placement (ASSP) Application Programming Interface (API) Version 1.0 |
APR 2008 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
David Marlin; Shane Thomas; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
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| In this report, an Acoustic and Seismic Sensor Placement (ASSP) application programming interface (API) for acoustic sensor placement is described. The API is implemented in both C++ and Java, with functionality for the later provided through the former via the Java Native Interface (JNI). This API is based on the Sensor Performance for Battlefield Environments (SPEBE) API, but the classes are not extensions of the SPEBE API. Instead, they include ... |
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