| Critical Infrastructures: Background, Policy, and Implementation |
12-Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
John D Moteff; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | The nation's health, wealth, and security rely on the production and distribution of certain goods and services. The array of physical assets, functions, and systems across which these goods and services move are called critical infrastructures (e.g., electricity, the power plants that generate it, and the electric grid upon which it is distributed). The national security community has been concerned for some time about the vulnerability of critical infrastructure to ... |
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| Microstructural Design & Optimization of Highly Filled Epoxy Based Composites |
Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
Bradley White; Jennifer L Jordan; D W Richards; Jonathan E Spowart; Naresh N Thadhani; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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| The dynamic mechanical properties of multi-constituent particulate composites, consisting of individual Ni and Al particles dispersed in an epoxy matrix are investigated in this study. Properties of such composites depend on the mechanical and physical properties of the individual components; their loading density; the shape and size of the particles; the interfacial adhesion; residual stresses; and matrix porosity. These multi-phase particulate composites systems, particularly those with high fill densities, have ... |
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| Guide to Rebuilding Public Sector Services in Stability Operations: A Role for the Military |
Oct-2009 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Hill; Derick W Brinkerhoff; Ronald W Johnson; Susan Merrill; RESEARCH TRIANGLE INST INTERNATIONAL RALEIGH NC
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 | The Army's stability operations manual, Field Manual (FM) 3-07, identifies five sectors as components of an integrated approach to stability and reconstruction (S&R): security, justice and reconciliation, humanitarian assistance and social well-being, participatory governance, and economic recovery and stabilization. FM 3-07 describes two categories of the range of activities in stability operations for achieving these end state conditions: reconstruction and stabilization. Reconstruction is the process of rebuilding degraded, damaged, or ... |
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| Dover Dam Physical Model Study, Tuscarawas River, Dover OH |
Sep-2009 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth C Burg; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| Dover Dam is located on the Tuscarawas and Muskingum Rivers near Dover, OH. Based on data collected since the dam's original construction, it is possible that the dam will be overtopped by the Probable Maximum Flood. Several design alternatives are being considered to address this issue. A physical model study was conducted at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory to collect data for use ... |
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| Simulating Full-Waveform LIDAR |
Sep-2009 |
126 pages |
| Authors:
Angela M Kim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| LIDAR (LIght Detection And Ranging) is used to remotely measure the three-dimensional shapes and arrangements of objects with high efficiency and accuracy by making precise measurements of time-of-flight of pulses of light. Discrete return LIDAR systems provide a discrete series of elevation points corresponding to reflections from objects in the scene. Full-waveform LIDAR systems measure the intensity of light returned to the sensor continuously over a period of time. Relatively ... |
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| Performance Analysis of the Link-16/JTIDS Waveform With Concatenated Coding |
Sep-2009 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Ioannis Koromilas; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF INFORMATION SCIENCES
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| Link-16 is the designation of a tactical data link that is being introduced into operations of the United States Navy, the Joint Services, and forces of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Link-16 does not significantly change the basic concepts of tactical data link information exchange, but rather provides certain technical and operational improvements to existing tactical data link capabilities. The communication terminal of Link-16 is called the Joint Tactical ... |
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| Diversity of the Marine Cyanobacterium Trichodesmium: Characterization of the Woods Hole Culture Collection and Quantification of Field Populations |
Sep-2009 |
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| Authors:
Annette M Hynes; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
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| Trichodesmium is a colonial, N2-fixing cyanobacterium found in tropical oceans. Species of Trichodesmium are genetically similar, but several species coexist. In order to coexist, species may occupy different niche spaces through differential utilization of resources and responses to physical characteristics. To investigate niche differentiation in Trichodesmium, I characterized cultured strains of Trichodesmium, identified and enumerated Trichodesmium clades in the field, and investigated P stress and N2 fixation in field populations. ... |
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| Transition in Gas Turbine Engine Control System Architecture: Modular, Distributed, Embedded |
Aug-2009 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Al Behbahani; Dennis Culley; Bill Mailander; Dewey Benson; Bruce Wood; Derek Weber; Bill Rhoden; Gary Hunter; Casey Carter; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Presentations from the Distributed Engine Control Working Group included: Vision and need for future turbine engine control; Implementation and technology challenges; High temperature electronics; Innovation and entry barriers. |
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| Idealized Marsh Simulations: Sensitivity of Hurricane Surge Elevation and Wave Height to Seabed Elevation |
Jul-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Mary A Cialone; Jennifer L Irish; Nicolas M Loder; Ty V Wamsley; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| The purpose of this CHETN is to examine changes in peak surge elevation and wave height associated with changes in the elevation of an idealized coastal feature. Landscape features with vegetation have the potential to reduce storm surge elevations and dissipate wave energy. Land elevations greater than the storm surge elevation act as a physical barrier and create bathymetric resistance for the surge and waves. Landscape features such as marshes ... |
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| Protecting the U.S. Perimeter: Border Searches Under the Fourth Amendment |
29-Jun-2009 |
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| Authors:
Yule Kim; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The Fourth Amendment requires that a search or seizure conducted by a governmental agent be reasonable and supported by probable cause. The Supreme Court has interpreted the Fourth Amendment to include a presumptive warrant requirement on all searches and seizures conducted by the government. Any violation of these requirements could result in the suppression of any information derived therefrom. The Supreme Court, however, has also recognized situations that render obtaining ... |
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| RHELP (Regenerative High Efficiency Low Pressure) Air Purification System |
18-Jun-2009 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Chang-Yu Wu; Wolfgang Sigmund; Brian Damit; Qi Zhang; Myung-Heui Woo; Hyoungjun Park; Jan Marijnissen; Chang Y Cha; Alayna Jimenez; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DIV OF SPONSORED RESEARCH
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| This project aims to develop a RHELP (Regenerative-High Efficiency-Low Pressure) air purification system using a novel ceramic nanofiber on silicon carbide in a microwave oxidizer that can effectively decontaminate air containing aerosolized chemical and biological (CB) agents. Nanofibermats of several materials were designed and fabricated using electrospinning process. Physical filtration testing showed performance (filter quality) exceeding military HEPA requirement. Multiple layers were found to have better filter quality than single ... |
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| Aero-Optic Measurements Using a Laser-Induced Air Breakdown Beacon (PrePrint) |
04-Jun-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Whiteley; R Rennie; Garnett Cross; David Goorseky; David Cavalieri; Eric J Jumper; MZA ASSOCIATES CORP DAYTON OH
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| An experimental investigation into the optical behavior of a laser-induced air breakdown spark is described. The investigation concentrates on qualities of the air-breakdown spark, particularly the non-point-source character of the spark, that have a critical influence on the accuracy with which aero-optic aberration can be measured using the return light from the spark. Data are presented that show that the spark dimensions conform to established physical models, and baseline spark ... |
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| Optimizing Airborne Networking Performance with Cross-Layer Design Approach |
Jun-2009 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Tarek Saadawi; CITY UNIV OF NEW YORK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
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| We analyzed the impact of the physical propagation environment on the performance of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) protocols. Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol is chosen as typical routing protocol for the experiment. We used the network simulator OPNET to design our airborne network (AN) environment model. Our approach utilized the experimental results that we have obtained at the Air Force Lab in our design to model a cross layer ... |
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| Forward Sound Propagation Around Seamounts: Application of Acoustic Models to the Kermit-Roosevelt and Elvis Seamounts |
Jun-2009 |
279 pages |
| Authors:
Hyun J Kim; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| The Basin Acoustic Seamount Scattering Experiment (BASSEX) of 2004 was conducted to measure forward-scattering around the Kermit-Roosevelt Seamount Complex in the Northeast Pacific. The BASSEX experiment was focused on the bathymetric effects on acoustic propagation, in particular, on direct blockage, horizontal refraction, diffraction, and scattering by the seamounts. A towed hydrophone array, with 64 sensors cut for 250Hz (3m spacing), was used to measure the signals transmitted from the aforementioned ... |
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| DAM_Explorer: A Modeling Framework for Assessing the Physical Response of Streams to Dam Removal |
Jun-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jock Conyngham; Chris Wallen; CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION RESEARCH PROGRAM
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| Dam removals and modifications are increasing areas of focus for US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Districts from several standpoints: design of restoration projects and quantifying potential environmental impacts (Operations, Continuing Authorities Projects, Support for Others, and General Investigations) and the evaluation of permit applications (Regulatory). Physical response of the reservoir bed and downstream channel boundary as well as multiple parameters of sediment dynamics are topics of central interest in ... |
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| Afghanistan Security Forces Fund Phase III-Accountability for Weapons Distributed to the Afghanistan National Army |
21-May-2009 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
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| We reviewed records for 16,056 weapons in storage at Afghanistan National Army (ANA) Depot 1, and conducted a physical count of 11,134 weapons valued at $6.8 million to determine whether the Combined Security Transition Command-Afghanistan (CSTC-A) correctly accounted for ANA weapons purchased with the Afghanistan Security Forces (ASF) Fund. We also determined whether CSTC-A properly transferred ownership of the weapons to the ASF. We identified material internal control weaknesses in ... |
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| Injury Reduction Effectiveness of Prescribing Running Shoes Based on Plantar Shape in Marine Corps Basic Training San Diego, CA and Parris Island, SC |
May-2009 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Bullock; Joseph J Knapik; Bruce H Jones; David I Swedler; Daniel W Trone; Adriana Villasenor; Timothy Bockelman; Emily Schmied; Peggy Han; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| In response to a request from the Military Training Task Force of the Defense Safety Oversight Council, this study examined whether prescribing running shoes based on the shape of the plantar surface influenced injury risk in Marine Corps basic training. After foot examinations, Marine Corps recruits in an experimental group (E, n=408 men, 314 women) were prescribed motion-control, stability, or cushioned shoes for plantar shapes indicative of low, medium, or ... |
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| The Development of Prostate Palpation Skills Through Simulation Training May Impact Early Detection of Prostate Abnormalities and Early Management |
May-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory J Gerling; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE
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| This is our first annual report. Our team has made good progress on our three year grant toward achieving aims. We have 5 journal papers either submitted or with physical artifacts near completion. We have recruited a group of students and have established collaborations with other researchers, in particular to gain access to tissue specimens. We have successfully built and validated a materials characterization procedure, a series of algorithms for ... |
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| Micromechanics of Damage Accumulation in Micro- and Nano-Scale Laminates for Microelectromechanical Systems |
06-Apr-2009 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher L Muhlstein; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| In this program we used a combination of microscale mechanical testing methods and nanoindentation to ascertain the deformation, fracture, and fatigue properties of the materials. A variety of materials characterization tools were then used to establish the chemistry)' and structure of the films. This study has revealed that the stability of nanograined metals, especially in the presence of cyclic loading, is poor in comparison to coarser (micron-scale) grained materials. Moreover, ... |
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| Vickers Hardness Measurements of the M855 Cartridge Case Base |
Apr-2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph South; Franklin Kellogg; Dennis Henry; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| Vickers hardness measurements were taken in order to create an axial and radial map of the base of the M855 cartridge case base. The goal of this investigation was to evaluate the difference in the material properties between cartridge cases that exhibited a dropped primer and those that did not. Dropped primers are instances when during the ignition and combustion of the propellant, as well as the kinematic motion of ... |
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| RF Polymers II |
17-Mar-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Leo Kempel; Shanker Balasubramaniam; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING
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| Design of polymer composites with specific engineered electromagnetic properties are of use in a variety of physical electromagnetic systems above 100 MHz. In physical electromagnetic systems, e.g., GPS, radomes, WiFi, etc., proper choice of the material can be transformative in that it can yield considerably better performance. Of interest to us is the possible development of low loss magneto-dielectric composites. This project investigates various aspects of material systems, starting with ... |
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| Border Security: Barriers Along the U.S. International Border |
16-Mar-2009 |
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| Authors:
Michael J Garcia; Yule Kim; Chad C Haddal; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Congress has repeatedly shown interest in examining and expanding the barriers being deployed along the U.S. international land border. The United States Border Patrol (USBP) deploys fencing, which aims to impede the illegal entry of individuals, and vehicle barriers, which aim to impede the illegal entry of vehicles (but not individuals) along the border. The USBP first began erecting physical barriers in 1990 to deter illegal entries and drug smuggling ... |
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| Advanced Radiometry for High Discrimination Explosive Fireball Discrimination |
Mar-2009 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Steven E Slagle; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| The high explosive fireball phenomenological model for the mid wave infrared spectrum, developed by AFIT, performs classification from spectral signatures was modified to use radiometric intensities. Five bands were sequentially fit to derive the five physical fit parameters describing the fireball's temperature, size, soot absorption coefficient within 16% and emissions from the H2O and CO2 concentrations within 333% of the spectral model. This was improved by changing the model?s the ... |
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| Regulation Scheme for Improved Innovation and Efficiency in Wireless Communications |
Mar-2009 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
John R Kajmowicz; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Current FCC regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum hinders the growth of wireless communication technology and fails to make efficient use of an extremely valuable asset. Current policies have failed to keep pace with advancing technology and require a completely new allocation scheme in order to promote growth in the wireless communications industry. This paper proposes a new allocation scheme for spectrum regulation that promotes competition in the marketplace in order ... |
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| Utilizing Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) Micro-Shutter Designs for Adaptive Coded Aperture Imaging (ACAI) Technologies |
Mar-2009 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Mary M Ledet; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| The Air Force has long relied on surveillance for intelligence and strategic purposes. Most surveillance systems rely on a lensing system to acquire their images, most of which are in either the visible or infrared wavelengths. Because lensing systems can be expensive, obtrusive, or hard to maintain, researchers have designed adaptive coded aperture imaging (ACAI) as a replacement system. Coded aperture imaging(CAI) has been used in both the astronomical and ... |
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| Analytical and Characterization Studies of Organic Chemicals, Drugs, and Drug Formulation |
Mar-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Lim; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| Although the overall purpose of this contract was to perform chemical/physical analyses on bulk pharmaceutical substances and formulated drug products of interest to the USAMRMC Drug Development Program for parasitic and infectious diseases, chemical and biological defense, etc, by far the majority of time and effort expended during the current contract was devoted to design, development, and cGMP manufacture of an artesunic acid parenteral dosage form. Over 5,000 units of ... |
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| Adaptive Pareto Set Estimation for Stochastic Mixed Variable Design Problems |
Mar-2009 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher D Arendt; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| Many design problems require the optimization of competing objective functions that may be too complicated to solve analytically. These problems are often modeled in a simulation environment where static input may result in dynamic (stochastic) responses to the various objective functions. System reliability, alloy composition, algorithm parameter selection, and structural design optimization are classes of problems that often exhibit such complex and stochastic properties. Since the physical testing and experimentation ... |
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| Smart Polymer Surfaces |
27-Feb-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey T Koberstein; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
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| In many materials applications it is highly desirable to design and control the properties and behavior of surfaces. The task of modifying surfaces to control properties is a daunting one because many surface characteristics are related to the nature of chemical and physical structure on a molecular level. The overall goal of this research is to develop new methods for the molecular design and fabrication of smart surfaces with properties ... |
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| The Potential Application of Hairless Guinea Pigs as a Replacement for the Yucatan Mini-pig in Animal Studies |
Feb-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Michelle Imholte; Nichole Jindra; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
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| The Yucatan mini-pig (Sus scrofa) is one of the most widely used animal models for skin damage studies because it shares many of the same physical properties as human skin. While the Yucatan is ideal for laser exposure studies using a large spot size, its size and cost are excessive for projects using smaller beams. This experiment performed histological analysis of skin biopsies from pigmented Hairless Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) ... |
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| Evaluation of the StressWave Cold Working (SWCW) Process on High-Strength Aluminum Alloys for Aerospace |
Feb-2009 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Eric T Easterbrook; Michael A Landy; STRESSWAVE INC KENT WA
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| This report was developed under a SBIR contract. A new and innovative cold working process called StressWave Cold Working (SWCW) was investigated and compared to the conventional split sleeve cold working method that is used to enhance the fatigue life of fastener holes in high strength aluminum alloys used on USAF aircraft structures. StressWave cold working was found to be superior in enhancing fatigue lives compared to split sleeve cold ... |
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| Alpha-Helical Protein Domains Unify Strength and Robustness through Hierarchical Nanostructures |
23-Jan-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Theodor Ackbarow; Markus J Buehler; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE OFFICE OF SPONSORED RESEARCH
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| Hierarchical nanostructures, ranging through atomistic, molecular and macroscopic scales, represent universal features of biological protein materials. Here we show for the case of alpha-helical (AH) protein domains that this use of molecular hierarchies within the structural arrangement leads to an extended physical dimension in the material design space that resolves the conflict between disparate material properties such as strength and robustness, a limitation faced by many synthetic materials. An optimal ... |
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| Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Radiometric Forces on a Heated Circular Vane in Argon (Preprint) |
13-Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
N Gimelshein; S Gimelshein; N Selden; C Ngalande; A Ketsdever; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Radiometric force on a 0.12m circular vane is studied experimentally and numerically over a wide range of pressures that cover the flow regimes from near free molecular to near continuum. In the experiment, the vane is resistively heated to about 419 K on one side and 394 K on the other side, and immersed in a rarefied argon gas. The radiometric force is then measured on a nano- Newton thrust ... |
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| Laboratory and Numerical Studies of Hydrodynamics Near Jetties |
Jan-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Zeki Demirbilek; Lihwa Lin; Hajime Mase; Jinhai Zheng; William C Seabergh; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| Numerical and physical modeling studies were performed by the Coastal Inlets Research Program (CIRP) of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to investigate the spatial and temporal behavior of waves and wave-induced currents near jetties of an idealized coastal inlet. Hydrodynamics were examined in the vicinity of two extreme types of jetty structure: a highly absorbing jetty (resembling fairly porous rock rubble structure) and a fully reflective jetty (resembling a ... |
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| Bio-Physical Ocean Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico |
Jan-2009 |
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| Authors:
Sergio deRada; Stephanie Anderson; Robert A Arnone; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Oceanography Division has implemented a 1/25 deg horizontal-resolution numerical ocean model for the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). The model domain encompasses the entire GOM extending from 18 deg to 31 deg North and from 77 deg to 98 deg West. The physical formulation is based on the Naval Coastal Ocean Model (NCOM) configured with a 40 level -z vertical structure: 19 terrain-following (sigma) levels at ... |
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| Examination of Interventions to Prevent Common Lower-Limb Injuries in the New Zealand Defense Force |
Jan-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Peter L Davidson; Suzanne J Wilson; David J halmers; Barry D Wilson; David McBride; OTAGO UNIV DUNEDIN (NEW ZEALAND) INJURY PREVENTION RESEARCH UNIT DUNEDIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
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| The biomechanical mechanisms of lower-limb injuries in the New Zealand Defense Force were identified from the circumstances of the injuries, and injury prevention strategies that addressed these mechanisms examined for their applicability to a military setting. Many of the injuries were the result of rolling or twisting movements and ankle instability was a common causal factor. Ankle bracing and stability training were identified as the strategies that address this factor ... |
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| Rotorcraft Brownout: Advanced Understanding, Control and Mitigation |
31-Dec-2008 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
J G Leishman; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| The MURI team has started to undertake a carefully planned program of research, including the development of efficacious predictive models for the physical elements that may contribute to the brownout problem. This goal will be achieved by better understanding rotor and airframe aerodynamics when operating in ground effect, as well as how the interaction of rotor wake vortices with the sediment bed occurs, the particulate uplift processes, and the two-phase ... |
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| Studying Network Timing With Precision Packet Delay Measurements |
01-Dec-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Lee Cosart; SYMMETRICOM SAN JOSE CA
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| As the transmission of telecommunications data is increasingly reliant on new generation packet network transport, new methods of time and frequency transfer are required. While some of these methods are at the physical layer, many involve the network and data link layers and are affected by packet network behavior. Thus, it has become important to develop instrumentation and analysis techniques applicable to the study of packet latency and packet delay ... |
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| An Operational Utility Assessment: Measuring the Effectiveness of the Joint Concept Technology Demonstration (JCTD), Joint Forces Protection Advance Security System (JFPASS) |
Dec-2008 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Mark McGovern; Joseph Symmens; Jeffrey D Mayor; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Planning modern military operations requires an accurate intelligence assessment of potential threats, combined with a detailed assessment of the physical theater of operations. This information can then be combined with equipment and manpower resources to set up a logistically supportable operation that mitigates as much of the enemy threat as possible. Given such a daunting challenge, military planners often turn to intelligent software agents to support their efforts. The success ... |
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| Power Allocation Tradeoffs in Multicarrier Authentication Systems |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
P L Yu; J S Baras; B M Sadler; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
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| Physical layer authentication techniques exploit signal characteristics to uniquely identify radios. We describe how multicarrier systems may use such techniques to stealthily authenticate while maintaining high levels of security and robustness. We show that with channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter and receiver, multicarrier authentication systems can further improve performance by carefully allocating the authentication power over each carrier. |
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| Heat Acclimatisation and Active Body Cooling Strategies to Mitigate Heat Stress for Operations Involving Bullet Proof Vests |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
L Law; C L Lim; DEFENCE MEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST (SINGAPORE)
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| Heat acclimatization (HA) and personal body-cooling are effective methods of heat stress mitigation. HA involves conditioning the body to function under hot conditions by exposing the individual to an incremental level of heat stress daily over 10 to 14 days. Although HA improves thermoregulation during heat exposure, effective physical heat exchange between the body and environment must still take place. Operating with body armour may limit the benefits of HA ... |
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| Development of a Portable DNA Sensor System |
Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
J J Sumner; P Freudenthal; C D Meinhart; H T Soh; K W Plaxco; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| A fully-integrated, palmtop, field-portable DNA analyzer that is capable of responding within 30 minutes to a sample of as little as three strands of DNA will enhance the survivability of the warfighter. This technology has been sponsored through the Institute of Collaborative Biotechnologies and was lead by Nanex LLC with co-investigators from the US Army Research Laboratory and the University of California, Santa Barbara. This analyzer will not sacrifice selectivity ... |
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| Microstructure and Properties of WC Spheres |
Nov-2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey J Swab; Justin Pritchett; Andrew A Wereszczak; Osama M Jadaan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Tungsten carbide (WC) spheres are used as projectiles to study the ballistic performance of armor materials and systems. In order to properly understand and model the interaction between the projectile and the armor, it is necessary to have properties of both. In this study, the physical and mechanical properties of two commercially available WC spheres (nominally 0.25 inch in diameter) used in some ballistic impact studies were determined. One WC ... |
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| A Residual Life Indicator (RLI) for Physical Adsorption Capacity of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical Filters. Part 3. A Novel RLI Design for Collective Protection Demonstrated Using Breakthough and Chemical Pulse Data |
Nov-2008 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory W Peterson; David Friday; Marc Shrewsbury; Scott Deibert; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| We start by simulating the condition of a fielded filter by selecting representative threat vapors and representative contaminant vapors. We assume that only contaminants that are moderately and strongly adsorbed can affect the residual life. A simulated contaminated filter is configured using contaminated carbon at the bed inlet and fresh carbon at the bed outlet. Breakthrough experiments are then completed using an organic to simulate the threat vapor. These data ... |
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| Foundations of Isomer Physics for Energy Applications |
16-Oct-2008 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
James J Carroll; YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIV OH
|
| Metastable excited nuclear states, isomers, have been of strong interest for decades, with studies motivated by their physical properties and the promise of high-energy-density applications. Much research has concentrated on induced depletion processes as a potential means of controlling the release of energy stored in these isomers. This research comprises a very specialized sub-field of nuclear physics and, as such, has often suffered from a lack of connection with the ... |
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| Vision-Based Interest Point Extraction Evaluation in Multiple Environments |
01-Sep-2008 |
207 pages |
| Authors:
Zachary D McKeehan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Computer-based vision is becoming a primary sensor mechanism in many facets of real world 2-D and 3-D applications, including autonomous robotics, augmented reality, object recognition, motion tracking, and biometrics. Vision's ability to utilize non-volatile features to serve as permanent landmarks in motion tracking provides a superior basis for applications such as initial self-localization, future re-localization, and 3-D scene reconstruction and mapping. Furthermore, the increased reliance of the United States armed ... |
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| High-Order Non-Reflecting Boundary Conditions for the Linearized Euler Equations |
01-Sep-2008 |
202 pages |
| Authors:
John R Dea; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We wish to solve fluid flow problems in only a portion of a large or infinite domain. By restricting our area of interest, we effectively create a boundary where none exists physically dividing our computational domain from the rest of the physical domain. The challenge we must overcome, then, is defining this boundary in such a way that it behaves computationally as if there were no physical boundary. Such a ... |
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| Dynamic Multiscale Simulation of Polyelectrolyte Nanoassemblies |
21-Aug-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Satish Kumar; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| The goal of this project is to develop a fundamental understanding of how fluid flows, electric fields, and surface patterning affect polyelectrolyte adsorption, self-assembly, and transport near solid surfaces. Polyelectrolytes are charged polymers whose behavior is central to Army-relevant technologies (e.g., biochemical sensors, surface functionalization) but poorly understood. Brownian dynamics simulations---a coarse-grained simulation method suitable for describing non-equilibrium polymer behavior---have been applied to study polyelectrolyte adsorption in shear flow, polyelectrolyte ... |
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| Mathematical Frameworks for Diagnostics, Prognostics and Condition Based Maintenance Problems |
15-Aug-2008 |
189 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Scott; Kaveh Heidary; ALABAMA A AND M UNIV NORMAL OFFICE FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
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| This report documents the theoretical and computational investigation of statistical pattern recognition techniques and Bayesian Networks (BN). The application of statistical pattern recognition methodology and Bayesian Networks to automatic fault diagnostics, fault prognostics, and condition based maintenance (CBM) is explored. The theory of Margin-Setting, a new pattern recognition method developed by researchers at Alabama A&M University, is documented and its applicability to problems of interest to Army is investigated. Extensive ... |
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| Studies of Single Biomolecules, DNA Conformational Dynamics, and Protein Binding |
11-Jul-2008 |
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| Authors:
Andreas Hanke; TEXAS UNIV AT BROWNSVILLE
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| While the Watson-Crick double-strand is the thermodynamically stable state of DNA in a wide range of temperature and salt conditions even at physiological conditions local denaturation bubbles may open up spontaneously due to thermal activation. By rising the ambient temperature, titration, or by external forces in single molecule setups bubbles proliferate until full denaturation of the DNA. Based on the Poland-Scheraga model we investigate both the equilibrium transition of DNA ... |
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| DoD Implementation of Homeland Security Presidential Directive-12 |
23-Jun-2008 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Donald A Bloomer; Bryant T Clark; LeBarron Durant; Giormary Peluyera; Bradley M Heller; Gloria Young; Robert R Johnson; Kathryn Truex; Celia J Harrigan; Allison E Tarmann; Xavier R Zayas; INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
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| We performed the audit in response to a request from the Office of Management and Budget that the President's Council on Integrity and Efficiency review agency processes and help ensure they are consistent with HSPD-12 and FIPS 201-1. We evaluated DoD business processes to determine whether they comply with directives and standards to develop secure and reliable Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. DoD is not complying with HSPD-12 requirements, has ... |
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