| Risk Propensity, Risk Perception, and Sensation Seeking in US Army Soldiers: A Preliminary Study of a Risk Assessment Task Battery |
Oct-2010 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda M Kelley; William D Killgore; Jeremy R Athy; Michael Dretsch; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
 | Preliminary evidence shows that Soldiers' propensity to engage in risky behaviors is significantly correlated with the severity of combat experiences during a recent deployment. This relationship was weak & assessed in Soldiers post-deployment. A battery of tasks measuring risk propensity, risk perception, risk aversion, & sensation seeking was assembled to be used in study tracking individual change in risk taking behaviors. The objective of this preliminary study was to evaluate ... |
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| Human Capital. Monitoring of Safeguards and Addressing Employee Perceptions Are Key to Implementing a Civilian Performance Management System in DOD |
Oct-2009 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Brenda S Farrell; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In 2004, the Department of Defense (DOD) began implementing the National Security Personnel System (NSPS)--a human capital system for DOD civilians. NSPS significantly redesigned the way DOD civilians are hired, compensated, and promoted. Pub. L. No. 110-181 mandated that GAO conduct reviews of the NSPS performance management system in calendar years 2008, 2009, and 2010. In this report, GAO assessed (1) the extent to which DOD has implemented certain internal ... |
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| Islamist Terrorist Networks in Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Sep-2009 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Slaven Blavicki; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| After the attacks on the United States in September 2001, Bosnia and Herzegovina acquired a reputation as a country supporting international terrorism. This perception was mostly a result of the 1992-1995 war, when foreign fighters tied to Islamist terrorist groups came to support the Bosniaks and spread radical Islam. The thesis investigates three theories about the development or support of terrorist networks and the radicalization of society. The thesis assesses ... |
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| Criterion-Based Training to Reduce Surgical Errors |
Sep-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Marvin P Fried; MONTEFIORE MEDICAL CENTER BRONX NY
|
| Technical skill is at the core of surgery. Surgical training typically lasts for a specified time period or number of procedures. This approach produces surgeons with considerably variable skill levels. Also, training on patients is becoming unacceptable for patient safety. In contrast, pilots and other non-medical personnel are trained to criteria on simulators to ensure skill proficiency in their MOS prior to reporting for duty. Proficiency levels are objectively established ... |
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| Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): Issues for the 111th Congress |
12-Aug-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Wendy R Ginsberg; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | Enacted in 1966 after 11 years of investigation and legislative development in the House - and nearly 6 years of such consideration in the Senate - the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA; 5 U.S.C. - 552) replaced the public information section of the Administrative Procedure Act. FOIA was designed to enable any person to request, without explanation or justification, access to existing, identifiable, unpublished, executive branch agency records. The statute ... |
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| Overcoming Information Overload in the Cockpit |
15-Jul-2009 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H Kewley; Thomas Deveans; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY OPERATIONS RESEARCH CENTER
|
| This study is focused on finding new technologies that will convey the most important information to pilots, when they need it, and in a more efficient and effective way than is currently being done across Army Aviation. The ever increasing complex nature of flying and managing an aircraft, especially during an event which degrades pilot awareness, demands a constant search for better ways of portraying aircraft data to the crew ... |
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| Joint Contingency Contracting: Improving Through Ethics |
04-May-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Dale Skinner; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Over $700 billion has been allocated towards the global war on terror since 2001, of which almost $20 billion has been awarded in the 2006-2008 time frame by contingency contracting officers (CCOs) in the field supporting operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. This level of magnitude and effort for operational contract support requires that Geographic Combatant Commanders, Joint Task Force Commanders, and the planners that advise them carefully consider that the ... |
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| Mission Emphasis and the Determination of Needs for New Weapon Systems |
May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Daniel M Gillespie; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
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| Efforts to understand the determination of needs of new weapon systems must take into account inputs and actions beyond the formally documented requirements generation process. This study analyzes three recent historical cases of fighter aircraft development to identify decisions made independently from the documented requirements process, about the need for new systems. The primary inputs to those decisions are identified, and a qualitative model for understanding the undocumented inputs, and ... |
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| Iran's Activities and Influence in Iraq |
07-Apr-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| With a conventional military and weapons of mass destruction (WMD) threat from Saddam Hussein?s regime removed, Iran seeks to ensure that Iraq can never again become a threat to Iran, either with or without U.S. forces present in Iraq. Some believe that Iran?s intentions go well beyond achieving Iraq's neutrality that Iran wants to try to harness Iraq to Iran's broader regional policy goals and to help Iran defend against ... |
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| Iran's Activities and Influences in Iraq |
13-Feb-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| With a conventional military and weapons of mass destruction (WMD) threat from Saddam Hussein's regime removed, Iran seeks to ensure that Iraq can never again become a threat to Iran, either with or without U.S. forces present in Iraq. Some believe that Iran s intentions go well beyond achieving Iraq's neutrality-that Iran wants to try to harness Iraq to Iran s broader regional policy goals and to help Iran defend ... |
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| The Effect of Event Rarity on the Perception of Correlationally Indeterminate Data |
Feb-2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda M Kelley; Richard B Anderson; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Previous research has indicated that events that are rare are more informative than common events. The present study manipulated event rarity through social stereotypes to evaluate event rarity's role in the perception of correlationally indeterminate data. Social stereotypes were used as a means to manipulate expectations about which observations would be considered rare and which common. Participants were presented with a correlationally indeterminate sample and were asked to rate the ... |
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| Approved Corrosion Prevention Compound for Helicopter Avionics & Tactical Vehicles |
Feb-2009 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Jim Collis; AEROSAFE PRODUCTS INC MARIETTA GA
|
| Overview of the Brief: the problem being addressed is the reliability of LRU electrical connectors. Intermittent Effects may produce, cannot duplicate (CND's), retest OK's (RTOK), and possible removals leading to depot returns = exchange costs. A possible source of these effects is the formation of thin, often invisible corrosion films on contact surfaces. Technical basis for this subtle corrosion well established. Perception of problem difficult since it usually cannot be ... |
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| Strategic Studies Quarterly. Volume 3, Number 3, Fall 2009 |
Jan-2009 |
154 pages |
| Authors:
James G Rickards; Klaus Naumann; Ralph Rotte; Christoph Schwarz; James C Moltz; Mark Clodfelter; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL AIR FORCE RESEARCH INST
|
| The contents of this Quarterly includes: 1) An Editorial on Framing Deterrence in the Twenty-First Century; 2) Featured Articles on Economic Security and National Security: Interaction and Synthesis; Security without the United States? Europe's Perception of NA; Shared Challenges-Joint Solutions? The United States and Europe Face New Global Security Risks-High Times for Grand Strategy; Toward Cooperation or Conflict on the Moon? Considering Lunar Governance in Historical Perspective Back From the ... |
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| China's International Behavior. Activism, Opportunism, and Diversification |
Jan-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Evan S Medeiros; RAND PROJECT AIR FORCE ARLINGTON VA
|
| China's economic and diplomatic interests now span the globe, having gradually moved beyond the Asia-Pacific region in the last decade. China is active on issues and in regions that were previously only peripheral to Beijing's calculations, notably, Latin America and the Middle East. Its diplomacy is affecting the conduct of international relations at virtually all levels of the global system, and its decisions are influencing international perceptions, relationships, institutions, and ... |
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| A Cost Effectiveness Comparison of Resident and Non-Resident Intermediate Level School (ILS) |
Jan-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Josh Clayton; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| Improving Marine officers Professional Military Education (PME) is critically important for the continued excellence of the officer corps. The challenge for the Marine Corps is to find the conect balance between providing an applicable education for current and future leaders while meeting operational requirements in a wartime environment. Educating our leaders is vitally important for the continued advancement of excellence in the Marine Corps, so meeting this challenge should be ... |
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| Soldiers Under Threat: An Exploration of the Effect of Real Threat on Soldier's Perceptions, Attitudes and Morale |
Jan-2009 |
|
| Authors:
van den; Cornelis E Berg; MINISTRY OF DEFENCE VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| Wars in the last decade of the 20th century and especially the 'new' wars of the first decade of this century have produced considerable casualties among NATO and UN soldiers. The website iCasualties.org (December 2008) shows that since March 2003, more than 4.500 coalition soldiers have died in Iraq, while over 1000 soldiers have died in Afghanistan since October 2001. Without a doubt, soldiers are aware of the life-threatening circumstances ... |
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| Islam's Challenge: Jihad and Terrorism |
12-Dec-2008 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Manish Sharma; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| In the contemporary environment of Global War on Terror, there is a growing perception of a linkage between Islamic teachings and terrorism. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the vulnerability of Islamic doctrine and teachings to exploitation by terrorists. It addresses the primary question, whether Islam is vulnerable to being exploited by terrorists. It focuses on various concepts of the Islamic doctrine that seems to be used by ... |
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| Optimum Route Planning and Scheduling for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles |
Dec-2008 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Erkan Sonmezocak; Senol Kurt; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| New threat perceptions have extended the sense of self-defense to include preemptive strikes if a threat is going to occur. For its part, the military should have high Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) capabilities to implement this strategy. UAVs play an important role as the most effective way of providing high quality ISR in today s modern wars. The route planning of UAVs is the most critical and challenging problem ... |
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| Evaluation of Image Quality Features Via Monotonic Analysis |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Rick S Blum; Lance M Kaplan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| This work introduces novel monotonic analysis to determine whether or not proposed image quality (IQ) measures are consistent with human measured perceptual quality scores. Specifically, the analysis performs a generalized likelihood ratio test over the H1 hypothesis that the IQ measures and the corresponding perceptual measurements are related via a monotonic function versus the null hypothesis that the functional relationship is arbitrary. This paper evaluates six proposed IQ measures against ... |
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| Development of Indirect View Sensor Systems: Effects of Viewpoint Offset on Human Performance |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Linda Mullins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| Advances in sensor imaging technologies permit the Soldier to extend mission performance beyond daytime operations and into the night. Visual helmet-mounted displays (HMDs) have increasingly been used to provide supplemental information to the Soldier. When night vision sensors are used to present imagery on an HMD, the relation between the sensor and display results in a viewpoint offset, where the perceived location of objects in the environment is shifted or ... |
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| A Formal Experiment to Assess Pedestrian Detection and Tracking Technology for Unmanned Ground Systems |
Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Barry A Bodt; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| An important area of investigation in robotics perception and intelligent control concerns the ability to detect, track, and avoid humans operating in proximity to an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). Under the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Robotics Collaborative Technology Alliance (RCTA), ARL and other member organizations have developed algorithms focused on human detection and tracking, which leverage program advances in stereo vision and LADAR. A recent assessment conducted by ARL and ... |
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| Immersive Simulation of Complex Social Environments |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
P Cummings; A L Leonard; ICF INTERNATIONAL INC FAIRFAX VA
|
| This paper describes the development of an immersive multi-agent training simulation system that applies culturally realistic and highly variable behavior modeling in complex and critical decision-oriented social scenarios patterned after actual critical incidents gathered from the field. The simulation employs an experiential model of cultural and cognitive behavior to drive the actions of agents (e.g., simulated members of the civilian population) that interact, producing variable group behavior. In the proposed ... |
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| Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses |
24-Sep-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Bush Administration characterizes Iran as a "profound threat to U.S. national security interests," a perception generated primarily by Iran's nuclear program and its military assistance to armed groups in Iraq and Afghanistan, to the Palestinian group Hamas, and to Lebanese Hezbollah. The threat assessment of some other governments was lessened by the December 3, 2007 key judgements of a National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) that indicates that Iran is not ... |
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| Criterion-Based Training to Reduce Surgical Errors |
01-Sep-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Marvin P Fried; MONTEFIORE MEDICAL CENTER BRONX NY
|
| Technical skill is at the core of surgery. Surgical training typically lasts for a specified time period or number of procedures. This approach produces surgeons with considerably variable skill levels. Also training on patients is becoming unacceptable for patient safety. In contrast pilots and other non-medical personnel are trained to criteria on simulators to ensure skill proficiency in their MOS prior to reporting for duty. Proficiency levels are objectively established ... |
|
| Evaluation of Visual Alerts in the Maritime Domain |
Sep-2008 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Shelley Roberts; Tara Foster-Hunt; CAE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES KANATA (ONTARIO)
|
| The current study was designed to explore alternative methods of enhancing the manner in which operators are alerted in the Halifax Class Frigate operations room. As the auditory modality is overloaded in the current alerting system, one method of potentially reducing perceptual overload is to replace auditory alerts with alerts presented in the visual domain. The purpose of the current study was to investigate how a high intensity task spread ... |
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| Tactile Displays for Orientation, Navigation and Communication in Air, Sea and Land Environments (Les systemes d'affichage tactiles pour l'orientation, la navigation et la communication dans les environments aerien, maritime et terrestre) |
Aug-2008 |
|
| Authors:
van; J B Erp; B P Self; NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
| This report describes the state-of-the-art of touch-based displays in military environments: neurophysiology, psychophysics, perceptual and human factors issues, hardware and integration issues and lessons learned, and future directions. The document gives an overview of NATO activities and is useful for both end users and designers. |
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| Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Amendments: 110th Congress |
21-Jul-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Harold C Relyea; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Enacted in 1966 after 11 years of investigation, legislative development, and deliberation in the House and half as many years of such consideration in the Senate, the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) displaced the ineffective public information section of the Administrative Procedure Act. The FOIA was designed to enable any person - individual or corporate, regardless of citizenship - to request, without explanation or justification, presumptive access to existing, identifiable, ... |
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| Africans' Perception of the United States' Post-9/11 Africa Policy and Africom |
13 JUN 2008 |
184 pages |
| Authors:
Moussa D. Mboup; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The United States' post-9/11 global strategy demonstrates an interest in Africa that contrasts with decades of relative indifference. The 2006 National Security Strategy has stated the United States' commitment to promote security, stability, democracy, and economic prosperity in the continent. Yet, beyond these idealist declarations of good intentions, some foreign policy experts consider that the turnaround in the United States' Africa policy stems from the rising value of the continent ... |
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| Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses |
28 MAY 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Bush Administration characterizes Iran as a "profound threat to U.S. national security interests." The Administration perception is generated primarily by Iran's nuclear program but is increasingly focused on Iran's military assistance to armed groups in Iraq, which is resulting in U.S. battlefield losses. Iranian aid to the Palestinian group Hamas and Lebanese Hezbollah is also considered a key threat to U.S. interests. The threat assessment of some other governments ... |
|
| Understanding and Managing North Korea's Nuclear Ambitions |
09-May-2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Glenn E Witt; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The February 2007 agreement reached with North Korea to shut down its nuclear reactor and give up its nuclear weapons program was heralded by many as a significant breakthrough following the shock of North Korea's nuclear weapons test in October of the previous year. This optimistic assessment, however, fails to consider the significant hurdles that will confront negotiators as they attempt to fulfill the promise of the February accord. The ... |
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| Hard Hearts and Open Minds? Governance, Identity, and Counterinsurgency Strategy |
May-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Michael F Fitzsimmons; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The premise of most Western thinking on counterinsurgency is that success depends on establishing a perception of legitimacy among local populations. The path to legitimacy is often seen as the improvement of governance in the form of effective and efficient administration of government and public services. However, good governance is not the only basis for claims to legitimacy, especially in environments where ethnic or religious identities are politically salient. This ... |
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| HA/DR: Recommendations for Achieving the U.S. Navy's Expanded Core Capabilities in the PACOM AOR |
23-Apr-2008 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S Jones; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The end of the Cold War and the start of the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) has dramatically altered the operational environment faced by each Combatant Commander (CCDR) throughout the world, especially in the United States Pacific Command (PACOM) Nothing highlights this new reality more than the humanitarian relief effort following the tsunami in Southeast Asia in December 2004. The U.S. Navy's role in Operation Unified Assistance, and the positive ... |
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| The Next Generation Bomber: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress |
07 MAR 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Anthony Murch; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Air Force is in the initial stages of formalizing a new bomber aircraft acquisition program. This program, in accordance with Department of Defense (DOD) and congressional mandates, is to produce a new long-range strike aircraft to be operational by 2018. Air Force plans for acquiring a new bomber aircraft have been accelerated by about 20 years from earlier projections because of a combination of the Air Force s desire ... |
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| Is There a Substitute for Victory? Acceptance of Defeat in War |
Mar-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Steven E Landis; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The United States has generally succeeded in achieving military victory over its enemies but, in recent decades, has had less success in the completion and consolidation of victory in order to realize long term post-conflict objectives. An influential school of thought argues that it is essential for our military adversaries to understand and accept that they have been defeated in battle in order for the United States to achieve its ... |
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| The Presence of the American Troops in Romania: Civil-Military Challenges Beyond a "Military Relationship" |
MAR 2008 |
217 pages |
| Authors:
Valentin Simion; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis analyzes the civil-military relations of the growing U.S. military presence in Romania and the implications of this development for bi-lateral relations beyond the barracks and the maneuver field. By the implementation of the Agreement Between Romania and the United States of America Regarding the Activities of United States Forces Located on the Territory of Romania, the presence of the American troops on Romanian territory will have both positive ... |
|
| Frontiers in Human Information Processing Conference |
25 FEB 2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Dosher; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| The conference Frontiers in Human Information Processing (held 28-29 July 2007) goal was to synthesize the state of cognitive theory with focus on the formal, computational, and mathematical approaches that unify the areas of vision, attention, and memory. The conference also highlights several key applications of these approaches in medicine, engineering, and education. |
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| Islamic Cultural Sensitivity in the Marine Corps |
19-Feb-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
L C Day; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| The United States Marine Corps must shift its approach to counter insurgency because Iraq is an increasing secular society, Marines are hypersensitive to Islamic cultures, and insurgents are exploiting this cultural sensitivity. Over-emphasizing strict avoidance of the most subtle cultural offense has degraded Marine operations in Iraq and is hindering the already-grudgingly slow rate of progress made since the war began. A more accurate depiction of Islamic culture in Iraq ... |
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| Spoken Word Recognition by Humans: A Single- or a Multi-Layer Process |
FEB 2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Oded Ghitza; SENSIMETRICS CORP SOMERVILLE MA
|
| This 7-month-long project quantifies the role of brain rhythms in speech perception by measuring intelligibility of spoken sentences with judiciously manipulated changes in syllabic rhythm. Speech was time-compressed by a factor of three, resulting in a signal with a syllabic rate three times faster than the original and with poor intelligibility (< 50% words correct). An artificial "syllabic" rate was then introduced by segmenting the time-compressed speech signal into consecutive ... |
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| Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses |
30 JAN 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| According to the Administration, Iran is a major national security challenge for the United States. The Administration perception is generated primarily by Iran s nuclear program but is compounded by Iran's military assistance to armed groups in Iraq and Afghanistan and to the Palestinian group Hamas and Lebanese Hezbollah. However, the threat assessment of some other governments was lessened by the December 3, 2007 key judgements of a National Intelligence ... |
|
| A Survey of Parachute Ankle Brace Breakages |
10 JAN 2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph J Knapik; Anita Spiess; Salima Darakjy; Tyson Grier; Fred Manning; Elaine Livingston; David Swedler; Paul Amoroso; Bruce H Jones; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A questionnaire was administered to 1,956 students in Army Airborne training as part of an effort by the Military Training Task Force (MTTF) of the Defense Safety Oversight Council (DSOC) to evaluate the parachute ankle brace (PAB). Information provided by the questionnaire identified potential injury risk factors and comments on the PAB. Risk factors for injuries in the past year included service branch, Airborne recycling, less physical activity, older age, ... |
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| AI and Mental Imagery |
01-Jan-2008 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel Wintermute; Scott D Lathrop; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY
|
| Vision and space are prominent modalities in our experiences as humans. We live in a richly visual world, and are constantly and acutely aware of our position in space and our surroundings. In contrast to this seemingly precise awareness, we are also able to reason abstractly, use language, and construct arbitrary hypothetical scenarios In this position paper, we present an AI system we are building to work towards human capability ... |
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| The Use of Cultural Studies in Military Operations |
Jan-2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Alejandro P Briceno; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| In conflicts where ideas or perceptions are pivotal to establishing lasting resolutions, meaningful cultural understanding is the corner stone to success. Culture is at the crux of this issue, therefore we must develop a method to evaluate various cultural norms and present them in a direct way to the operational forces heading into unique environments. |
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| CECA Model of the JSTAFF |
JAN 2008 |
|
| Authors:
David J. Bryant; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
|
| This report describes a model of decision-making and collaboration within the Joint Staff (JSTAFF). The model was developed within the Critique-Explore-Compare-Adapt (CECA) framework [1], which incorporates important aspects of human cognition. The model was created by identifying correspondences between JSTAFF elements and the CECA framework in terms of information products, groups/agencies making up the JSTAFF, and the processes for creating, maintaining, updating, and transferring information products. The JSTAFF organization proved ... |
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| Shedding Light on the Graph Schema: Perceptual Features vs. Invariant Structure |
2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Raj M. Ratwani; J. G. Trafton; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR APPLIED RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
|
| Most theories of graph comprehension posit the existence of a graph schema to account for people's prior knowledge of how to understand different graph types. The graph schema is, however, a purely theoretical construct: there are no empirical studies that have explicitly examined the nature of the graph schema. We sought to determine whether graph schemas are based on perceptual features or on a common invariant structure shared between certain ... |
|
| Technology and Culture in Modern Russia |
01 DEC 2007 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Silver; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Russians have seen communication and transportation technology facilitate greater interaction between themselves and with foreigners. Some cultural values and beliefs blend, but others clash. Perception, norms and identity act as a filter for interpreting information. Savvy operators can manipulate communication technology to shape cultural expectations, influencing interpretations to their own advantage. The powerful norm of obedience to authority is likely to cause the majority to largely conform to the requirements ... |
|
| Conceptualizing Multicultural Perspective Taking Skills |
NOV 2007 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Joan R. Rentsch; Allison Gunderson; Gerald F. Goodwin; Allison Abbe; ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH GROUP LLC KNOXVILLE TN
|
| U. S. Army leaders are increasingly required to engage in full-spectrum operations that include a multinational or multicultural component. Army leaders must develop cultural understanding and skills in order to work effectively in multinational alliances, to anticipate and respond to adversary intent, and to interact successfully with local populations. The ability to take the perspective of individuals within the context of their culture enables Army leaders to understand other cultures ... |
|
| Neural Dynamic Logic of Consciousness: The Knowledge Instinct |
07 SEP 2007 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Leonid I. Perlovsky; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| This report discusses the evolution of consciousness driven by the knowledge instinct, a fundamental mechanism of the mind which determines its higher cognitive functions and neural dynamics. We discuss mathematical difficulties encountered in the past attempts at modeling the mind and relate them to logic. Neural modeling fields and dynamic logic mathematically describe these mechanisms and relate their neural dynamics to the knowledge instinct. Dynamic logic overcomes past mathematical difficulties ... |
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| Interstate Communications in the Twenty-First Century: Can You Hear Me Now |
SEP 2007 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Bessone; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis examines the theoretical insights on the process of interstate bargaining offered by Thomas Schelling and Robert Jervis. Both authors offer competing models for framing the problem of conveying intent in interstate bargaining frameworks. Can states operationalize coercive and compellant bargaining frameworks as described by Thomas Schelling? Or, suggested by Jervis, is the process of interstate communications structurally flawed by perception and misperception? This thesis examines a case study ... |
|
| Information Complexity in Air Traffic Control Displays |
SEP 2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Xing Jing; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| Air traffic controllers typically use visual displays to interact with various automation systems. Automation tools are intended to reduce controller task load, but they may also create new tasks associated with acquiring, integrating, and utilizing information from displays. Consequently, the complexity of information displayed may reduce the efficiency and effectiveness of an automation system. Moreover, complexity could cause controllers to miss or misinterpret visual data, thereby reducing safety. Thus, information ... |
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| Iran: U.S. Concerns and Policy Responses |
06 AUG 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Kenneth Katzman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| According to the Administration s National Security Strategy document released on March 16, 2006, the United States may face no greater challenge from a single country than Iran. That perception continues, generated primarily by Iran s nuclear program and intensified by Iran's military assistance to armed groups in Iraq and Afghanistan and to Lebanese Hezbollah. U.S. officials also accuse Iran of refusing to bring to justice several senior Al Qaeda ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
PERCEPTION
