| Flame Synthesis of Nanosized Cu-Ce-O, Ni-Ce-O, and Fe-Ce-O Catalysts for the Water-Gas Shift (WGS) Reaction |
04-Nov-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Qi Wang; Lourdes G Salamanca-Riba; Anatoly I Frenkel; Karen J Gaskell; Osifo Akhuemonkhan; Sicong Hou; Ivan C Lee; Ranjan K Pati; Deryn Chu; Sheryl H Ehrman; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
 | A flame synthesis method has been used to prepare nanosized, high-surface-area Cu-Ce-O, Ni-Ce-O, and Fe-Ce-O catalysts from aqueous solutions of metal acetate precursors. The particles were formed by vaporization of the precursors followed by reaction and then gas to particle conversion. The specific surface areas of the synthesized powders ranged from 127 to 163 sq m/g. High-resolution transmission electron microscope imaging showed that the particle diameters for the ceria materials ... |
|
| Stimulus-Sensitive Self-Assembling Polymers |
11-Aug-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sankaran Thayumanavan; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST MA OFFICE OF GRANT AND CONTRACT ADMIN
|
| Assemblies that sequester guest molecules based on its solubility are of immense interest to carry out extraction as well as reactions particularly when molecules have distinct solubility profiles. The U.S. Army has an interest in this area due to the possibility of using the assemblies to decontaminate and destruct the chemical warfare (CW) agents. Amphiphilic polymer based assemblies that differentially sequester guest molecules are potential candidates towards neutralizing the CW ... |
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| Identification of the Mechanisms Underlying Antiestrogen Resistance: Breast Cancer Research Partnership between FIU-UM Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute |
Jun-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Deodutta Roy; FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIV MIAMI
|
| This research proposal has two primary objectives which are to (1) increase FIU investigators' research expertise and competitive ability to succeed as independent breast cancer researchers; and (2) to execute research with the promise of identifying molecular causes of breast tumor resistance to anti-estrogen therapy. This research is of significant merit because of its clinical relevance to breast cancer. Secondly, the research accomplishments through the FIU/BFBCI training program will lead ... |
|
| Multidisciplinary Biomarkers of Early Mammary Carcinogenesis |
01-Apr-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Julie Ostrander; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The purpose of the proposed research is to develop novel optical technologies to identify high-risk premalignant changes in the breast. Our proposed research will first test specific optical parameters in breast cancer cell lines and models of early mammary carcinogenesis, and then develop methods to test the optical parameters in random periareolar fine needle aspirate (RPFNA) samples from women at high-risk for developing breast cancer. Over the last year, we ... |
|
| A New Paradigm in Modeling and Simulations of Complex Oxidation Chemistry Using a Statistical Approach |
31-Mar-2009 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Josette Bellan; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA
|
| This report describes a study performed under ARO sponsorship, addressing the investigation of a novel way to reduce complex and extensive oxidation reaction mechanisms containing hundreds of species to a much smaller number of progress variables, typically by a factor of ten. Because the results have been documented in several manuscripts, this final report is in the form of an Executive Summary succinctly describing the results and putting them in ... |
|
| Identification of the Mechanisms Underlying Antiestrogen Resistance: Breast Cancer Research Partnership between FIU-UM Braman Family Breast Cancer Institute |
01-Jun-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Deodutta Roy; FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIV MIAMI
|
| This research proposal has two primary objectives which are to (1) increase FIU investigators' research expertise and competitive ability to succeed as independent breast cancer researchers; and (2) to execute research with the promise of identifying molecular causes of breast tumor resistance to antiestrogen therapy. This research is of significant merit because of its clinical relevance to breast cancer. Secondly, the research accomplishments through the FIU/BFBCI training program will lead ... |
|
| Bioavailability of TGF-Beta in Breast Cancer |
01-Mar-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Irineu I Bochaca; Mary H Barcellos-Hoff; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-) superfamily includes three isoforms designated TGF-1, 2 and 3. All three isoforms are secreted as latent complex where the TGF- cytokine is non-covalently associated with an isoform specific latency-associated peptide (LAP). Mature cytokine binds cell surface receptors only after release from its LAP making extracellular activation a critical regulatory point for TGF- bioavailability. Proposed activation mechanisms include proteolysis and conformational changes. Previous work from ... |
|
| Selenium is a Chemotherapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer |
01-Dec-2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Susan J Knox; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| A large body of data suggests that selenium supplementation may be used as a chemopreventive strategy to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. In spite of this little is known regarding the use of selenium as a cancer therapy. High doses of selenite can deplete cells of the primary intracellular antioxidant glutathione and generate superoxide. The net effect of the metabolism of selenite is a profound alteration in the cellular ... |
|
| Delineating the Effects of Tumor Therapies on Prostate Cancer Using Small Animal Imaging Technologies |
NOV 2007 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Jason S. Lewis; MISSOURI UNIV-ST LOUIS
|
| This final report presents the data generated under the grant awarded to Jason S. Lewis, PhD (W81XWH-04-1-0906). This proposal was aimed at delineating the relationship between androgen ablation and hypoxia as well as monitoring changes in blood flow, metabolism, oxygenation, vascular permeability and cellular proliferation in animal models of prostate cancer using small animal PET. In this final report we detail the advances made in relation to the original Statement ... |
|
| Design, Packaging and Reliability of MEMS S&A Components and Systems |
26 DEC 2006 |
133 pages |
| Authors:
S. B. Park; Baghat Sammakia; James Pitarresi; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BINGHAMTON
|
| Technology refinements to the packaging process, as well as assuring the highest possible yield of serviceable F/S&A systems, are specifically addressed. The primary objective of this research project is to provide a basic physics based understanding of the behavior and performance of Safe and Arm (S & A) systems. The research covers a broad range of activities ranging from basic materials characterization to overall system level models. The research is ... |
|
| In Situ Enhancement of Anaerobic Microbial Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Marine and Estuarine Sediments |
18 DEC 2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Max M. Haeggblom; Donna E. Fennell; Lee J. Kerkhof; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK NJ DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MICROBIOLOGY
|
| The management of marine and estuarine sediments contaminated with toxic organic compounds, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), is a major problem with far-reaching economic and ecological consequences. Enhancement of microbial degradation of PCDD/Fs in situ is an attractive remediation alternative that could potentially detoxify sediments, avoid the problematic redistribution of contaminants that is associated with dredging, and decrease the cost of sediment management. Reductive dehalogenation is a promising mechanism ... |
|
| Electronically Induced Redox Barriers for Treatment of Groundwater |
OCT 2006 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Tom Sale; David Gilbert; COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER
|
| This report summarizes results from a 3-year collaboration between the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) and Colorado State University (CSU). The focus is an innovative electrolytic approach for managing redox-sensitive contaminants in groundwater, referred to as electrically induced redox barrier (e-barriers). The overarching objective of the work is to demonstrate/validate a new technology for managing contaminated groundwater at the Department of Defense (DoD) facilities that holds promise in terms ... |
|
| Bioavailability of TGF-Beta in Breast Cancer |
AUG 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Mary H. Barcellos-Hoff; Irineu Illa-Bochaca; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-b) superfamily includes three isofroms designated TGF-b1, b2 and b3. All three isoforms are secreted as latent complex where the TGF-b cytokine is non-covalently associated with an isoform specific latency-associated peptide (LAP). Mature cytokine binds cell surface receptors only after release from its LAP making extracellular activation a critical regulatory point for TGF-b bioavailability. Proposed activation mechanisms include proteolysis and conformational changes. Previous work from ... |
|
| Selenium is a Chemotherapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer |
FEB 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Susan J. Knox; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| A large body of data suggests that selenium supplementation may be used as a chemopreventive strategy to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. In spite of this, little is known regarding the use of selenium as a cancer therapy. High doses of selenite can deplete cells of the primary intracellular antioxidant, glutathione, and generate superoxide. The net effect of the metabolism of selenite is a profound alteration in the cellular ... |
|
| Detection of Biological Agents via a Novel Biopolymeric Assembly |
01 OCT 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
James J. Sumner; James B. Gillespie; Hyunmin Yi; Li-Qun Wu; Gregory F. Payne; William E. Bentley; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| Nucleic acid-based biosensors can be very selective however it would be desirable to reduce the reagent load, remove unstable fluorescent labels and make the sensing element reusable. This may be achieved with electrochemical methods utilizing an electrode which is controlled by "molecular-scale gates" capable of being activated by a biological agent. In this project, chitosan covers the electrode and creates pathways for redox molecules to flow from the electrolyte to ... |
|
| Identification of a Potent Apoptotic Peptide by Fibroblasts: Studies Toward the Design of a Novel Agent for Breast Cancer Therapy |
SEP 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa M. Petti; ALBANY MEDICAL COLL NY
|
| We previously showed that constitutive activation of the platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFR) in mortal human fibroblasts (HDFs) by the bovine papillomavirus E5 or the v-Sis oncoprotein induces partial transformation of these cells. However, two weeks after they reach their peak density E5- and v-Sis-expressing HDFs secrete a small, hydrophilic peptide that induces massive apoptosis in an autocrine manner. Specifically, this peptide induces a type of caspase-independent, Bcl-2-resistant apoptosis ... |
|
| Microfabricated Multianalyte Sensor Arrays for Metabolite Monitoring |
SEP 2005 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Michael V. Pishko; Amos Mugweru; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| Development of simple and painless techniques of monitoring metabolites like glucose with increased frequency would be beneficial to diabetic patients. Implantable sensors for glucose have been under investigation for nearly three decades, Poor stability and sensitivity of these sensors limit their use in closed-loop delivery. In this work we have taken advantage of silicon micro-fabrication technologies to develop implantable redundant microsensor arrays with glucose oxidase molecules immobilized in photopolymerized and ... |
|
| Bioavailability of TGF-Beta in Breast Cancer |
AUG 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Jobling; Mary H. Barcellos-Hoff; Joni Mott; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-Beta) superfamily includes three isoforms designated TGF-Beta1, Beta2, Beta3. All three isoforms are secreted as latent complex where the TGF-Beta cytokine is non-covalently associated with an isoform specific latency-associated peptide (LAP). Mature cytokine binds cell surface receptors only after release from its LAP making extracellular activation a critical regulatory point for TGF-Beta bioavailability. Proposed activation mechanisms include proteolysis and conformational changes. Previous work from our ... |
|
| Microbial Reduction of Fe(III) in the Fithian and Muloorina Illites: Contrasting Extents and Rates of Bioreduction |
18 JUL 2005 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Seabaugh; Hailiang Dong; Ravi K. Kukkadapu; Dennis D. Eberl; John P. Morton; Jinwook Kim; MIAMI UNIV OXFORD OH
|
| Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 reduces Fe(III) within illites which have different properties: the Fithian bulk fraction and the |
|
| The Enzyme MnSOD Suppresses Malignant Breast Cell Growth by Preventing HIF-1 Activation |
MAY 2005 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Min Wang; Garry Buettner; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that governs cellular responses to reduced O2 availability by mediating crucial homeostatic processes. The degradation of HIF-1alpha subunit is redox regulated. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that can modulate cellular redox environment. Here we show that MnSOD suppresses hypoxic accumulation of HIF-1alpha protein. This suppression can be observed under both 1% O2 and 4% O2. Hypoxic induction of vascular ... |
|
| Electrically Induced Redox Barriers for Treatment of Groundwater |
MAR 2005 |
188 pages |
| Authors:
Tom Sale; Matthew Petersen; Dave Gilbert; ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| This report documents results from a three-year collaboration between the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) and Colorado State University (CSU). The focus is an innovative electrolytic approach for managing redox sensitive contaminants in groundwater, referred to as e-barriers. The overarching objective of the work is to demonstrate/validate a new technology for managing contaminated groundwater at DoD facilities that that holds promise in terms of efficacy and cost. The premise ... |
|
| Development and Testing of a Colorimetric 96 Well Plate Assay for the Determination of HD Hydrolysis Rate in Various Formulations |
JAN 2005 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Steven P. Harvey; Joseph J. DeFrank; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| Previous aqueous studies using HD pre-dissolved in isopropanol have shown that the effectiveness of HD enzymatic degradation is a function of the homogeneity of the HD-water system. In this study, a microtiter plate assay was developed for the purpose of screening a series of compounds with the potential to increase the solubility or dispersion of HD in an aqueous matrix. The assay used meta-cresol purple dye as a pH indicator ... |
|
| Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Androgen-Induced Oxidative Stress for Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2005 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
George Wilding; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| The goal of this project was to identify factors that contribute to and consequences of androgen-induced oxidative stress in human prostate carcinoma cells. The JunD transcription factor was found to play a key role in androgen induced oxidative stress. Activation of oxidative stress by androgen was found to produce significant levels of cellular damage. This finding supports our hypothesis that androgen may contribute to prostate carcinogenesis through the development of ... |
|
| Genomic Analysis of Murine Pulmonary Tissue Following Carbonyl Chloride Inhalation |
2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alfred M. Sciuto; Christopher S. Phillips; Linda D. Orzolek; Alison I. Hege; Theodore S. Moran; III Dillman James F.; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Carbonyl chloride (phosgene) is a toxic industrial compound widely used in industry for the production of synthetic products, such as polyfoam rubber, plastics, and dyes. Exposure to phosgene results in a latent (1-24 h), potentially life-threatening pulmonary edema and irreversible acute lung injury. A genomic approach was utilized to investigate the molecular mechanism of phosgene-induced lung injury. CD-1 male mice were exposed whole body to either air or a concentration ... |
|
| Research and Development (R&D) on Advanced Nonstructural Materials. Delivery Order 0001: Study of Hydraulic System Component Storage With Operational and Rust-Inhibited Hydraulic Fluids |
30 SEP 2004 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Lois J. Gschwender; Carl E. Snyder Jr; Shashi K. Sharma; Tim Jenney; Angela Campo; DAYTON UNIV KIRTLAND AFB NM RESEARCH INST
|
| In this program, bearings and pistons were stored in jars containing both operational hydraulic fluids (MIL-PRF-83282, MIL-PRF-87257 and MIL-PRF- 5606) and rust inhibited hydraulic fluids containing BSN (MIL-PRF-46170 and MIL- PRF-6083). In addition, hydraulic pumps were filled with MIL-PRF-83282, MIL-PRF- 87257 and MIL-PRF-46170. Jars, containing bearings and pistons, as well as hydraulic pumps were stored for up to 3 years in a laboratory environment to determine if operational fluids would ... |
|
| Technical Basis for Incorporating Ground Water Quality Data Collected from Direct-Push Wells into Evaluation and Monitoring Programs for Natural Attenuation Remedies |
SEP 2004 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
J. Steven Brauner; Edward C. Heyse; John R. Hicks; Jerry E. Hansen; PARSONS DENVER CO
|
| This study evaluates whether monitoring wells installed using direct- push techniques (DPT) provide ground water chemical data of comparable quality to conventionally-installed wells for evaluation and performance monitoring of monitored natural attenuation (MNA) of dissolved volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Data evaluation methods included statistical and qualitative analyses performed on existing data sets from multiple United States Air Force facilities. Study results provide strong evidence that DPT and conventional wells can ... |
|
| Formation of Porous Silicon Carbide and its Suitability as a Chemical and Temperature Detector |
19 AUG 2004 |
151 pages |
| Authors:
Tilghman L. Rittenhouse; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The need to sense chemical mixtures in a variety of hostile environments (such as high temperature caustic gases) continues to grow. However, silicon electrical devices are limited to relatively low temperatures (< 250 deg C). For this reason, wide bandgap materials such as silicon carbide have received increased attention. Current SiC sensors such as Schottky diodes composed of catalytic metals show deficiencies such as unacceptable drift in the signal. Alternative ... |
|
| Bioavailability of TGF-Beta in Breast Cancer |
AUG 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Michael F. Jobling; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| Radiation elicits rapid and persistent changes in the mouse mammary microenvironment, and persistent transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) activation. TGF-beta has widely diverse functions in regulation of proliferation and cell fate-decisions, which contribute to a variety of tissue processes. TGF- beta super family includes three mammalian isoforms (beta1, beta2, and beta3) that are secreted in a latent complex formed by non-covalent association with the relevant latency-associated peptide (LAP1, LAP2, or LAP3). ... |
|
| Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors |
JUL 2004 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Jeannine S. Strobl; WEST VIRGINIA UNIV RESEARCH CORP MORGANTOWN*
|
| Advanced breast cancer is not curable by existing treatment regimens. The purpose of this project is to discover new drugs to treat breast cancer that act to restore the differentiated and non-growing state of breast tumor cells by inhibition of histone deacetylase. We screened a series of antitumor antimalarial drugs as well as Structural analogs of antimalarials. Our work identified 5 novel quinolines that were more potent and efficacious than ... |
|
| The Non-Classical Secretion of Thioredoxin from Breast Cancer Cells |
JUN 2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Steven L. Chuck; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| Thioredoxin is a small protein with a catalytic site for redox reactions that is involved in several physiologic and pathophysiologic processes in humans. A ubiquitous cytosolic protein, thioredoxin also is secreted by some types of cells including cells derived from leukemia, lung, colon, and breast cancers. Extracellular thioredoxin acts as an autocrine growth factor and can potentiate the action of other cytokines on these tumor cell lines. The novel pathway ... |
|
| Complex-Shaped Microcomponents by the Reactive Conversion of Biological Templates |
27 MAY 2004 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth H. Sandhage; Rajesh Naik; Morley Stone; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OFMATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| This project has been aimed at: 1) identifying gas/solid reaction conditions for converting biologically-derived micro/nanotemplates into other oxides without a loss of the starting 3-D shape and fine features, and 2) evaluating the nanochemical/nanostructural evolution during such reactive conversion. The most significant accomplishments have been: 1) Development of an oxidation-reduction reaction process for converting biosilica-based micro/ nanoassemblies into MgO nanoparticle structures with a preservation of the starting 3-D shape and ... |
|
| Quantification of Macrobenthic Effects on Diagenesis Using a Multicomponent Inverse Model in Salt Marsh Sediments |
24 MAY 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Yoko Furukawa; April C. Smith; Joel E. Kostka; Janet Watkins; Clark R. Alexander; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
 | Using a multicomponent inverse model, we quantified the rates of organic matter (OM) remineralization and the relative importance of major terminal electron acceptors Fe(III)-(oxy)hydroxides and SO 2/4 in salt marsh sediments with varying degrees of bioturbation and vegetation at Skidaway Island, Georgia. The model determined the rates of OM diagenesis by seeking simultaneous agreement between measured and model-calculated depth. concentration profiles of multiple major redox species while using the biological ... |
|
| New Catalytic Molecules and Materials for Decontamination |
14 MAY 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Craig L. Hill; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This grant has been quite successful in that many of the targeted issues (basic reactivity, mechanistic and structure-reactivity features) for catalyzed O2-based oxidations, and in particular O2-based decontamination reactions, were established. In addition, several new and effective catalysts for oxidative decontamination were discovered and/or developed. The new catalytic systems include Au(III)-based homogeneous systems, coinage metal salts of polyoxometalates (POMs), POMs electrostatically bound to cationic silica nanoparticles, POMs catenated with redox ... |
|
| The Enzyme MnSOD Suppresses Malignant Breast Cell Growth by Preventing HIF-1 Activation |
MAY 2004 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Min Wang; Garry Buettner; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a transcription factor that governs cellular responses to reduced O2 availability by mediating crucial homeostatic processes. The degradation of HIF-1 alpha subunit is redox regulated. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an antioxidant enzyme that can modulate cellular redox environment. Here we show that MnSOD suppresses hypoxic accumulation of HIF-1 alpha protein. This suppression is biphasic depending on MnSOD activity. At low levels of MnSOD activity, ... |
|
| Characterization of Microbial Processes that Degrade Chlorinated Solvents in a Constructed Wetland Using Organic Acid and Inorganic Anion Concentration Profiles |
23 MAR 2004 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Chlorinated solvents have been used in industrial cleaning and degreasing processes in the United States since the early 1900s, and their induction into the environment increased significantly with the growth of industrial processes over the past century. PCE, TCE and their daughter products have been associated with a number of human health concerns and are currently the most common contaminants found in groundwater in the United States. Wetlands possess characteristics ... |
|
| High Energy Density Materials |
23 MAR 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Ralf Haiges; Stefan Schneider; Thorsten Schroer; Karl O. Christe; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING INCHUNTSVILLE AL
|
| During the past two decades, polynitrogen compounds have received increasing attention as promising candidates for High Energy Density Materials (HEDM).1-17 While most of the efforts were devoted to theoretical studies, the long-known existence of the stable azide anion (N3-)18 and the recent syntheses of stable salts of the pentanitrogen cation (N5+)1-3 have demonstrated the feasibility of experimentally pursuing such materials. The only known direct method for preparing N5+ compounds is ... |
|
| Molecular Epidemiology of Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2004 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce J. Trock; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| The objective of this case-control study is to determine whether oxidative stress, specifically lipid peroxidation, is a risk factor for prostate cancer. Furthermore, the study will investigate with oxidative stress mediates the association between high dietary fat intake and prostate cancer risk. Specifically, the study will compare malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum, as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and deoxyguanosine malondialdehyde (dG- MDA) in peripheral lymphocytes and prostate tumor as a ... |
|
| Selected Natural Attenuation Monitoring Data, Operable Unit 1, Naval Undersea Warfare Center, Division Keyport, Washington, June 2003 |
2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
R. S. Dinicola; R. L. Huffman; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Previous investigations have shown that natural attenuation and biodegradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are substantial in shallow ground water beneath the 9-acre former landfill at Operable Unit 1 (OU 1), Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC), Division Keyport, Washington. This report presents the ground-water geochemical and selected CVOC data collected at OU 1 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) during June 17-20, 2003 in support of long-term monitoring for ... |
|
| The Adaptive Response to Intestinal Oxidative Stress in Mammalian Hibernation |
24 OCT 2003 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Hannah V. Carey; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| The goal of this project is demonstrate how mammalian hibernators utilize the physiologic consequences of metabolic depression, which include changes in mitochondrial function, low body temperatures (T sub b) and reduced blood flow, to activate cellular signaling pathways that minimize oxidative damage to sensitive tissues during torpor-arousal cycles. Specific Aim 1 examines oxidative stress to the gut of ground squirrels during the seasonal cycle. (a) accumulation of oxidized lipids in ... |
|
| Biologically Active Zone Enhancement (BAZE) Supplemental Study: Mass Balance of RDX Biotransformation and Influence of Aquifer Temperature on RDX biodegradation in Groundwater |
AUG 2003 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Altaf H. Wani; Deborah R. Felt; Jeffrey L. Davis; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| A series of column studies with site-specific aquifer material from the former Nebraska Ordnance Plant were performed to evaluate the influence of aquifer temperature on in situ hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5- triazine (RDX) biodegradation, and to assess the ultimate fate of RDX in groundwater under biologically induced reductive conditions. In treatment columns RDX-contaminated water was amended with acetate as readily available carbon source, and in control columns no electron donor was used. The ... |
|
| Controlled Redox and Electrical Properties in Polyheterocycles |
21 JUL 2003 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
John R. Reynolds; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The Reynolds research group at the University of Florida has developed an extensive program for the development and application of variable gap conjugated polymers which are luminescent and semiconducting, can be doped to high levels of conductivity, and can be redox switched between charge neutral, oxidized (p-type), and reductive (n-type) states. A soluble and processable dibutyl derivative of poly(3,4-propylenedioxy-thiophene) has been synthesized directly in its neutral form by Grignard metathesis ... |
|
| Energy Harvesting, Electrode Processes and the Partitioning and Speciation of Solid Phase Iron and Sulfur in Marine Sediments |
15 JUL 2003 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Clare E. Reimers; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS
|
| Fuel cells that facilitate electrochemical reactions in the marine environment are under development as future long-term power sources for marine instrumentation. This research focused on anode processes and small-scale environmental impacts of fuel cells operated across sediment-water interfaces in laboratory microcosms and at coastal field sites. Sediment, pore water and electrode surface analyses indicated that electricity product ion is coupled to the oxidation of dissolved and solid-phase forms of reduced ... |
|
| Novel Thioredoxin Inhibitors for Breast Cancer Therapy |
JUL 2003 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John S. Laso; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| The hypothesis tested was that the thioredoxin redox signaling system is essential for the growth of some human breast caners and that drugs inhibiting this system will block oncogenesis and cause selective growth inhibition and/or apoptosis. The specific objectives of the IDEA proposal are to generate and identify selective inhibitors of thioredoxin using target-array chemistry methodologies, in vitro assays and cell-based screening approaches. The scope of the research activity demanded ... |
|
| The Non-Classical Secretion of Thioredoxin from Breast Cancer Cells |
JUN 2003 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Steven L. Chuck; BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER BOSTON MA
|
| Thioredoxin is a small protein with a catalytic site for redox reactions that is involved in several physiologic and pathophysiologic processes in humans. A ubiquitous cytosolic protein, thioredoxin also is secreted by some types of cells including cells derived from leukemia, lung, colon, and breast cancers. Extracellular thioredoxin acts as an autocrine growth factor and can potentiate the action of other cytokines on these tumor cell lines. The novel pathway ... |
|
| The Characteristics of Spanish Reservoirs |
11 APR 2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
J. Armengol; R. Merce; BARCELONA UNIV (SPAIN)
|
| Sau Reservoir was first filled in 1963 in a middle stretch of the Ter River, as part of a multi-use scheme, including hydroelectric power, agricultural irrigation, domestic and industrial water supply to metropolitan areas, and also recreational activities. Since it was built, the reservoir has experienced a process of increasing eutrophication (Vidal and Om 1993), from moderately eutrophic during the first years after filling, to severe eutrophication in the late ... |
|
| Regulation of the Response to Radiotherapy and Hyperthermia in Prostate Cancer by the 26s Proteasome |
APR 2003 |
184 pages |
| Authors:
William H. McBride; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| The goal of the project was to evaluate the role of the proteasome in prostate cancer biology and response to heat and radiation therapy. We have shown considerable variation between prostate cancers in their functional proteasome activity. In all cases heat and radiation inhibit activity, and this is accompanied by changes in signal transduction pathways that are regulated through the proteasome. Most notably, NF-kappaB is suppressed by heat and by ... |
|
| Prostate Cancer Risk Through Exposure to Halogenated Hydrocarbons and Modulation by Dietary Supplementation |
APR 2003 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Gabriele Ludewig; Larry W. Robertson; KENTUCKY UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION LEXINGTON
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| A high androgen level, oxidative stress, and low levels of selenium were identified as possible risk factors in prostate cancer development. Halogenated compounds may produce all these effects. Our hypothesis is that halogenated compounds may increase prostate cancer risk through these mechanisms. To test this hypothesis and to develop protection for exposed men, we propose to a) measure enzyme activities and antioxidant levels in PCB-exposed rats, b) determine possible co-carcinogenic ... |
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| Analysis of Anion Distributions in the Developing Strata of a Constructed Wetland Used for Chlorinated Ethene Remediation |
MAR 2003 |
164 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua D. Kovacic; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| Perchloroethene (PCE), Trichloroethene (TCE) and their degradation products are among the most common organic groundwater contaminants in the United States. Constructed wetlands utilizing upward flow harbor reduction- oxidation conditions that have demonstrated the potential to promote both partial and total mineralization of PCE and TCE through the process of natural attenuation. Organic acid and inorganic anion concentrations are indicative of reduction-oxidation processes that drive chlorinated ethene degradation. These analytes were ... |
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| Synthesis of Novel Vanadium Oxide Nanotubes and Nanofibers |
2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel T. Lutta; Hong Dong; Peter Y. Zavalij; M. Whittingham; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BINGHAMTON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND THE INST FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH
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| We are exploring the synthesis and properties of structured vanadium oxides mainly nanotubes and nanorods. Nanotubes initially formed with surfactant templates have been readily exchanged with simple cations without change of the basal-plane structure. These compounds contain delta-like vanadium oxide layers with the vanadium in VO6 octahedra. This structure is particularly suitable for redox reactions. In this paper we report on synthesis of vanadium oxide (NH4)(x)V2O(5-delta)(dot)nH2O rods using organic polymer ... |
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| Electron Transfer of Redox Enzymes to Inorganic Electrodes |
2003 |
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| Authors:
Shuguang Zhang; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
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| This project was to develop a protein and peptide-based nanowire and nanoswitch with defined length and properties for a broad spectrum of application in nanobiotechnology. These nanowires were used to develop novel enzyme/conductive matrix in which the activity of redox enzymes could be controlled by direct electron transfer to inorganic electrodes. We investigated synthetic peptide structures as linking agents between target enzymes and conductive electrodes. Directly couple nanocrystals to amino ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
OXIDATION REDUCTION REACTIONS
