| Sensitivity of Ion Absorption of Room Temperature Operating Single Electron Transistors |
Dec-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
P S Karre; Paul L Bergstrom; Manoranjan Acharya; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON
|
 | Nanoelectronic devices form the building blocks of the nanoscaled systems and require innovative technologies for their realization. Single Electron Transistors (SET) is a novel class of nano transistor which operates on the principle of Coulomb blockade. Coulomb blockade effects become dominant when the device dimensions approach few nano-meters. The SET devices are potential candidates for applications in nano sensing, and data storage. Because of the smaller dimensions of the SET ... |
|
| An Experimental Study of Water Injection into a Rolls-Royce Model 250-C20B Turboshaft Gas Turbine |
06-May-2008 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel L Golden; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| Environmental responsibility is a focus of researchers in many fields. In the field of engine and propulsion research this is manifested in a focus on minimization of emissions while maximizing efficiency and performance. Water Fog Injection (WFI) has been suggested as a method for the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions in gas turbines. WFI consists of spraying a fine mist of water into the compressor inlet of the gas turbine. ... |
|
| Optical Measurements of Air Plasma |
05 MAY 2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Vidmar; NEVADA UNIV BOARD OF REGENTS RENO OFFICE OF SPONSORED RESEARCH
|
| Electron-beam impact ionization of air was studied in the context of optical diagnostics. The electron beam originates in a pulsed 100 keV 20-mA source and propagated through a 1/2 - mil aluminum transmission window into a 400-liter test cell. Plasma production in air was investigated over the pressure range of 636 Torr to 1 mTorr with pulse durations from 1 ms to 10 ms. Microwave diagnostics were used to quantify ... |
|
| Investigation of Non-Conventional Bio-Derived Fuels for Hybrid Rocket Motors |
AUG 2007 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
Scott G. Putnam; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Non-conventional bio-derived fuels have been evaluated for use in hybrid rocket motors. Tests were conducted at combustion pressures in the range of 100 - 220 psig and thrust levels of 40 - 170 newtons. Beeswax was tested with oxygen as the oxidizer and showed a regression rate at least three times as high as traditional hybrid propellant combinations such as hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and liquid oxygen (LOX). This provides the ... |
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| Modeling JP-8 Fuel Effects on Diesel Combustion Systems |
01 NOV 2006 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Schihl; Laura Hoogterp; Harold Pangilinan; Ernest Schwarz; Walter Bryzik; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| The U.S. Army currently utilizes Jet Propulsion 8 (JP-8) and Diesel Fuel number 2 (DF-2) as the two prime fuels for ground mobility applications. These two fuels have significant physicochemical property differences (such as density, distillation curve, and cetane number) that may result in fuel-affected varying combustion behavior in diesel engines under various operating conditions. Since engine manufacturers rely solely on DF- 2 for commercial vehicle applications most domestic industry, ... |
|
| A Molecular Approach to Promote Wound Healing in the Sulfur Mustard-Exposed Human Keratinocyte Model |
NOV 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Hiroshi Ishida; Prabhati Ray; Radharaman Ray; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Endogenous nitric oxide (NO) produced by three major NO synthases (NOSs) is a pleiotrophic signaling molecule in various tissue under normal and pathological conditions. In the skin, increased NO synthesized by inducible NOS (iNOS/NOS2), a NOS isozyme, has been considered to have pivotal roles in the inflammatory response to heat, infection and wound healing. It has also been shown that iNOS regulates the expression of several biomarkers, including Regulated upon ... |
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| Environmental Fate and Transport of a New Energetic Material, CL-20 |
MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Jalal Hawari; Vimal Balakrishnan; Ghalib Bardai; Bharat Bhushan; Sabine Dodard; Diane Fournier; Carl Groom; Annamaria Halasz; Fanny Monteil-Rivera; Pierre Y. Robidoux; Sylvie Rocheleau; Manon Sarrazin; Kathleen Savard; Geoffrey Sunahara; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA MONTREAL (QUEBEC) BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INST
|
 | CL-20 is an emerging munition compound that may replace RDX and HMX, but little information is available on its environmental fate and ecological impact. Therefore the present report first describes the development and validation of an analytical method to analyze CL-20 in soil and water and the determination of key physicochemical parameters such as Kow (82.6), solubility (3.87 mg/L) and sorption/desorption parameters (Kd, Koc) of the chemical under various conditions ... |
|
| Optical Remote Sensing to Determine Strength of Nonpoint Sources: Duke Forest Validation Study (ESTCP #CP-0214) |
NOV 2005 |
96 pages |
| Authors:
Ravl Varma; Ram Hashmonay; Robery Kagann; Adam Bolch; ARCADIS GERAGHTY AND MILLER RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
|
| Currently there is no suitable standardized method for measuring non-point source emissions. Under EPA and DOE support, a new method of directly measuring area sources has been developed. This method, Radial Plume Mapping (RPM), uses a scanning optical sensor, and asymmetrically placed array of reflectors, wind measurements, and optimization algorithms to calculate area source emissions from non-point sources using open-path Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrometer (OP-FTIR). Trace gases, nitrous oxide, ethylene ... |
|
| A 52 Kilodalton Protein Vaccine Candidate for Francisella tularensis |
DEC 2004 |
|
| Authors:
C. A. Sikora; B. J. Berger; John W. Cherwonogrodsky; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SUFFIELD (ALBERTA)
|
| For identifying Francisella tularensis vaccine candidates, mice were first vaccinated with Brucella abortus O-polysaccharide (OPS) vaccine. These animals were then given 10 LD(sub 50S) of F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS). Sixty percent (60%) of the vaccinated mice survived the multiple lethal dose while all the unvaccinated control mice perished. Sera were collected from these surviving mice and used to probe supernatant and cell lysates of live F. tularensis LVS ... |
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| Gender Effect on Recovery Time Following Isoflurane Administration While Using a Bispectral Index Monitor |
DEC 2003 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas G. Fevurly; James G. Olanda; Gary A. Pulmano; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Gender has been implicated as affecting outcomes of anesthesia (Gan et al., 1999; Myles, McLeod, Hunt, & Fletcher, 2001). The literature is replete with studies indicating significant gender differences in analgesic requirements. In contrast, literature comparing gender differences in recovery times following general anesthesia is sparse. Review of the literature found little published research considering recovery variations among genders using volatile inhaled agents; in addition, most of the studies referring ... |
|
| Improved Daily Nitrate and Ammonium Concentration Models for the Chesapeake Bay Watershed |
28 JUL 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
James A. Lynch; Jeffrey W. Grimm; LYNCH (JAMES A) STATE COLLEGE PA
|
| A revised model of daily ammonium and nitrate wet-fall concentration and wet deposition was developed for use in the Phase 5 Chesapeake Bay Watershed Modeling Program. The preceding model (Valigura et al, 1996) was based on precipitation chemistry data from 1984 through 1992. The revised model was derived data from 1984 through 2001 and was extended to include parameters of precipitation event history, land cover composition, and long-term concentration trends, ... |
|
| Awareness of Occupational Health Risks of Nitrous oxide and Formaldehyde Used in a Hospital's Operating Room |
14 MAY 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Marina Kempinen; ESTONIAN OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CENTRE TALLINN (ESTONIA) DEPT OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE
|
| The objectives of this study were to assess awareness of the possible occupational chemical hazards in the surgical department of hospitals in Estonia, to identify the risk of adverse health effects to hospital workers caused by exposure to chemical agents as well as to assess the need for recommendations to minimize the health risks of workers. The study was conducted in Tallinn Mustamae Hospital and focused on the exposure of ... |
|
| Mechanism of Xanthine Oxidase Catalyzed Biotransformation of HMX Under Anaerobic Conditions |
2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Bharat Bhushan; Louise Paquet; Annamaria Halasz; Jim C. Spain; Jalal Hawari; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL OF CANADA MONTREAL (QUEBEC) BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH INST
|
| Enzyme catalyzed biotransformation of the energetic chemical octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is not known. The present study describes a xanthine oxidase (XO) catalyzed biotransformation of HMX to provide insight into the biodegradation pathway of this energetic chemical. The rates of biotransformation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 1.6 0.2 and 10.5 0.9 nmol h 1 mg protein 1, respectively, indicating that anaerobic conditions favored the reaction. The biotransformation rate was about 6-fold ... |
|
| Improved Gas Turbine Performance |
FEB 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
J. H. Whitelaw; IMPERIAL COLL OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY ANDMEDICINE LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The three main findings of the research of this contract were the identification of combustion oscillations caused by high strain rates and consequent near-periodic extinction and relight, the effect of oscillations on emissions of nitrous oxides, and the quantification of the extent to which the amplitude of the oscillations could be reduced by practically acceptable methods. In addition, consideration has been given to the development of calculation methods to represent ... |
|
| Industrial Stack Evaluation With Ground-Based Passive FT-IR Spectrometry |
JAN 2001 |
394 pages |
| Authors:
Roger J. Combs; Robert B. Knapp; Robert T. Kroutil; Mark J. Thomas; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The methodology for producing absorbance and transmittance spectra with a passive Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer from an industrial stack and blackbody source is demonstrated. The knowledge of the stack temperature is shown to be key in generating the single-beam spectral ratio of differences for removal of instrumental effects from the absorbance and transmittance spectra. The difference removes self emission (i.e., offset) terms, and the ratio eliminates the responsivity (i.e., ... |
|
| Chromatographic Isolation of the Polymer Diazoluminomelanin and Related Components |
MAR 2000 |
152 pages |
| Authors:
Joel T. Smith; SOUTHEASTERN OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV DURANT DEPT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES
|
| The specific objective of this project has been to provide chemical characterization towards the polymer diazoluminomelanin (DALM) and related products, which have proven to be of significant interest to the USAF. Our method of characterization of the DALM polymer has been focused initially on the sole characterization of the polydiazotized-3-amino-L-tyrosine (P-DAT) polymer. The initial aqueous reaction between 3-amino-L-tyrosine (3-AT) and nitrous acid was studied in ... |
|
| The Application of FT-IR Spectroscopy to Turbine Engine Exhaust Measurement |
2000 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
D. Marran; P. Kenny; J. Markham; P. Jalbert; R. Moyers; ADVANCED FUEL RESEARCH INC EAST HARTFORD CT
|
| An advanced multiple gas analyzer based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has been used to successfully measure the exhaust composition from a gas turbine engine combustors rig at the Arnold Engineering Development Center (AEDC), Arnold Air Force Base (TN). The advanced FT-IR multigas analyzer was able to demonstrate its ability to not only measure the species traditionally measured at the facility (water, CO2, CO, NO, ... |
|
| The Effect of Endotracheal Inflation Technique on Endotracheal Cuff Pressure |
OCT 1999 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Mark L. Evans; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Many surgical procedures require general anesthesia in which endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation is utilized in order to maintain adequate patient oxygenation. Endotracheal intubation, helps assure delivery of the adequate ventilation and prevention of aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs. In this study endotracheal cuff pressures were measured and correlated to currently utilized cuff inflation techniques. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In 46% of the cases the cuffs ... |
|
| Feasibility of Plasma Aftertreatment for Simultaneous Control of NOx andParticulates |
1999 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; R. M. Brusasco; B. T. Merritt; W. J. Pitz; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| Plasma reactors can be operated as a particulate trap or as a NOx converter. Particulate trapping in a plasma reactor can be accomplished by electrostatic precipitation. The soluble organic fraction of the trapped particulates can be utilized for the hydrocarbon- enhanced oxidation of NO to NO2. The NO2 can then be used to non-thermally oxidize the carbon fraction of the particulates. The oxidation of the ... |
|
| Plasma-Assisted Catalytic Reduction of NOx |
22 OCT 1998 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; R. M. Brusasco; B. T. Merritt; W. J. Pitz; G. E. Vogtlin; SAE INTERNATIONAL WARRENDALE PA
|
| Many studies suggest that lean-NOx SCR proceeds via oxidation of NO to NO2 by oxygen, followed by the reaction of the NO2 with hydrocarbons. On catalysts that are not very effective in catalyzing the equilibration of NO+O2 and NO2, the rate of N2 formation is substantially higher when the input NOx is NO2 instead of NO. The apparent bifunctional mechanism in the SCR of NOx has ... |
|
| Research into Resistojet Rockets for Small Satellite Applications |
OCT 1998 |
277 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy J. Lawrence; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| This effort investigated the use of resistojet rockets for small satellite stationkeeping missions. Small satellites create unique system constraints, compared to larger spacecraft, that have not been investigated thoroughly for stationkeeping missions. These constraints are: cost, power, volume, mass, safety, and thrust. Whilst all these constraints have been considered in off-the shelf-systems used through out the aerospace community, current systems may not be appropriate or affordable for cost-effective small satellite ... |
|
| Plasma Based Devices |
SEP 1998 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
M. Gundersen; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGAND ELECTROPHYSICS
|
| The most important result relates to the reduction of emissions from NOx sources, and is basically a breakthrough in energy efficiency, based on the application of a transient, short-pulse plasma. The project was a study of physics and applications of plasma devices, and as a result of promising early data, focused on the use of transient plasma devices for NOx remediation. The most important results are: (1) A cost-effective regime, ... |
|
| Design and Analysis of a Pressurized Composite Fuel Tank |
25 MAR 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Andrew L. Martin; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| An investigation works towards obtaining a lightweight, cost- effective pressurized fuel tank for a hybrid sounding rocket with a capacity of 20 kg of either Nitrous Oxide or Hydrogen Peroxide. Trade studies result in analyzing a graphite epoxy prepreg composite tank with unidirectional lamina designed for a burst pressure of 2000 psi. The analysis resulted in a pressure vessel in the shape of a cylinder ... |
|
| Nitrous Oxide Resistojets for Hybrid Rocket Application |
04 JAN 98 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Malcolm Paul; SURREY UNIV GUILDFORD (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| This report results from a contract tasking Surrey Satellite Technology, Ltd. as follows: (1) The contractor will investigate N2O combustion initiation processes in hybrid rockets. (2) A modified resistojet was developed for superheating N2O to initiate hybrid combustion. |
|
| Defects and Impurities in 4H- and 6H-SiC Homoepitaxial Layers: Identification, Origin, Effect on Properties of Ohmic Contacts and Insulating Layers and Reduction |
DEC 1997 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
R. F. Davis; M. O. Aboelfotoh; B. J. Baliga; R. J. Nemanich; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH
|
| A hot wall chemical vapor deposition system has been constructed to deposit thin films of 4H- and 6H-SiC and AlN. The design incorporates a separate load lock from which the growth chamber and a RHEED chamber are attached. Operation awaits the completion of the laboratory upfitting to address the safety requirements necessary to use silane. MOS capacitors were fabricated on 6H- and 4H-SiC with an average effective charge density of ... |
|
| A Fast-Pulse, Electrical-Drive Circuit for Fundamental Studies of NOx Removal in Nonthermal Plasmas |
02 MAY 1997 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Korzekwa; L. A. Rosocha; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM
|
| A thyratron-based pulse generator for the investigation of the removal of NO(x) from engine exhaust streams using nonthermal plasmas (NTPs) is described. Our near-term experiments will focus on measuring temperature distributions and reactive species concentrations in electric-discharge NTP reactors using laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS), with first experiments on LIF measurements of OH in a pulsed dielectric-barrier discharge. |
|
| Evaluation of Pilot-Scale Pulse-Corona-Induced Plasma Device to Remove NOx from Combustion Exhausts from a Subscale Combustor and from a Hush House at Nellis AFB, Nevada |
01 MAY 1997 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Sheila M. Haythornthwaite; Michael D. Durham; Gary L. Anderson; Donald E. Rugg; ADA TECHNOLOGIES INC ENGLEWOOD CO
|
| Jet engine test cells (JETCs) are used to test-fire new, installed, and reworked jet engines. Because JETCs have been classified as stationary sources of pollutant emissions, they are subject to possible regulation under Title I of the Clean Air Act (CAA) as amended in 1990. In Phase I of the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program, a novel NOx-control approach utilizing pulsed-corona-induced plasma successfully showed ... |
|
| Photofragmentation Studies of an Energetic Materials Sensor Based on a Laser Photofragmentation/Fragment Detection Approach |
AUG 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. B. Simeonsson; R. C. Sausa; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The goals of this research project were to: (1) perform spectroscopic studies of the key fragment species NO and NO2 and identify suitable wavelength schemes for photofragmentation (PF) and fragment detection (FD) by a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) approach; and (2) perform a survey of the pertinent literature to identify instrumental features that are desirable for PF/LIF sensors. |
|
| European Technology for Reducing Exhaust Pollution from Naval Ship Engines |
APR 1996 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Earl Quandt; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| In response to the world wide interest in reducing air pollution, the U.S. Navy is studying methods for lowering emissions from new, as well as existing, ship engines. As part of those studies, this report summarizes an examination of the science and technology base in Europe related to marine engine combustion and emissions. On site visits in 1995 found a strong theoretical and bench scale science ... |
|
| Incidence of Intraoperative Recall With Preoperative Suggestion |
DEC 95 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Freddie White; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Although rare, reports of recall of intraoperative events continue to occur during general anesthesia. The purpose of this pilot study was to attempt to prompt recall in subjects undergoing general anesthesia (GA) by presenting the subject a pleasant preoperative suggestion. An experimental study was conducted on a convenience sample of 14 patients, ASA class I or II, aged 20- 65, admitted to the University of ... |
|
| Atmospheric Ionization by Solar Particles Detected by Nitrate Measurements in Antarctic Snow. FY91 AASERT |
30 NOV 95 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Francis M. Vitt; Charles H. Jackman; KANSAS UNIV LAWRENCE DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| The odd nitrogen source strengths associated with solar proton events (SPEs), galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), and the oxidation of nitrous oxide in the Earth's middle atmosphere from 1974 through 1993 have been compared globally, at middle and lower latitudes ( 50 deg) with a two- dimensional (2-D) photochemical transport model. As discovered previously, the oxidation of nitrous oxide dominates the global odd nitrogen source while GCRs and SPEs are significant ... |
|
| Interaction of Chemistry, Turbulence, and Shock Waves in Hypervelocity Flow |
01 SEP 95 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
G. Candler; P. Dimotakis; Hans G. Hornung; A. Leonard; D. Meiron; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA GRADUATE AERONAUTICAL LABS
|
| Significant progress was made during the second year of an interdisciplinary experimental, numerical and theoretical program to extend the state of knowledge and understanding of the effects of chemical reactions in hypervelocity flows. The program addressed key problems in naerothermochemistry that arise from interactions between the three strongly nonlinear effects: Compressibility; vorticity; and chemistry. Important new results included: Clear understanding of the two important parameters that define hypervelocity flow over ... |
|
| Controlling Waste Anesthetic Gases |
DEC 94 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Edward J. Primeau; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE
|
| This technical report provides Bioenvironmental Engineers (BEEs) with information to effectively manage potential waste anesthetic gas hazards. It supplements Air Force Occupational Safety and Health (AFOSH) Standard 48-8, Controlling Exposures to Hazardous Materials. |
|
| Oxides of Nitrogen: Their Formation and Control in Stationary Sources |
24 APR 94 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Sonja P. Pedrozo; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Over the last fifty years, a major concern of environmentalists, health care providers, national governments, and international organizations has been the unhealthy and destructive effects of air pollution. In this regard, much attention has the unhealthy and destructive effects of air pollution. In this regard, much attention has been given to a primary pollutant of air - oxides of nitrogen (NO(x)). The two most important oxides of nitrogen with respect ... |
|
| Vacuum Ultraviolet Studies of Molecular Dynamics |
08 APR 94 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Paul L. Houston; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Tunable vacuum ultraviolet radiation generated by four-wave mixing will be used to probe collisional energy transfer and photodissociation. Collisional relaxation of the S((1)D) velocity distribution by rare gases has been measured to learn to what extent this simple process can be described by a hard-sphere, elastic interaction. E yielding V transfer was studied from S((1)D) to CO and N2, both by examining the Doppler profile of the relaxed atoms and ... |
|
| Twenty-Fifth Symposium (International) on Combustion |
94 |
1735 pages |
| Authors:
COMBUSTION INST PITTSBURGH PA
|
| The 26th symposium (International) on combustion is a two volume set containing the complete text of the 400 papers given orally or as poster presentations at the 26th international symposium on combustion held at the University of Naples, Italy, July 28-August 2, 1996. Also contained are the questions and replies which followed the presentations. The volumes also have a full author and subject index. The contents is an archival record ... |
|
| Shocktube Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence Measurements in Support of the AEDC Impulse Facility |
94 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
M. S. Smith; W. D. Williams; L. L. Price; J. H. Jones; ARNOLD ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT CENTER ARNOLD AFS TN
|
| This paper describes the status of a program underway at AEDC to develop the Planar Laser Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) method of measurement of temperature and number density for use in the AEDC Impulse Shock Tunnel Facility. The technique is being developed in a laboratory shocktube environment which economically provides repeatable, well-characterized flow fields. A laboratory of this type is critical for the demonstration, validation, and calibration of facility diagnostics systems. ... |
|
| Detailed Structure Study of an H2/N2O/Ar Flame Employing Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry, Laser Spectroscopy, and Modeling |
OCT 93 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Rosario C. Sausa; David C. Dayton; William R. Anderson; Cynthia M. Faust; Stephen L. Howard; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A combined experimental and detailed chemical modeling study has been performed on a 20-torr, stoichiometric H2/N2/O/Ar burner stabilized flame. This study provides a check of part of the mechanism to be used in models for the combustion of solid nitramine propellants. Species concentration profiles were measured using molecular beam sampling with mass spectrometric detection and laser-induced fluorescence, while temperature profiles were measured with coated Pt/Pt-Rh(10%) thermocouples. The burned gases of ... |
|
| A Feasibility Study of Burning Waste Paper in Coal-Fired Boilers on Air Force Installations |
SEP 93 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth P. Smith; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This thesis examined the feasibility of using waste paper derived fuel in coal-fired boilers on Air Force installations in an attempt to help solve air pollution and solid waste disposal problems. The implementation of waste paper derived fuel was examined from both a technical acceptability and an economic feasibility viewpoint. The majority of data for this study was obtained through literature reviews and personal interviews. Waste paper was found to ... |
|
| Annual Grant Progress Report (FDP) for Contract N00014-92-J-1757 (University of California) |
01 JUL 93 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Chenming Hu; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This aims of this research grant has not been modified. The aims are to extend the reliability models for oxide wearout and hot-electron-induced degradation from DC stress to AC stress by arbitrary waveforms as encountered in circuits, to develop a circuit reliability simulator that incorporates the best known reliability models for oxide and hot electrons effects and to develop improved device and reliable oxides. We have set a new world ... |
|
| Microenvironmental Control of Monokine Production in Wound Repair |
MAY 93 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
David R. Knighton; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| The macrophage is an important regulatory cell in host defense and wound healing. The ability of the macrophage to respond to varipus microenvironmental stimuli may be an important regulatory mechanism. Using a constant perifusion tissue culture system and human peripheral blood monocytes, we rigidly controlled oxygen environments, pH and CO2. Hypoxic and normoxic oxygen environments (2% and 20%) were tested with and without gamma interferon. The collected, concentrated supernatants were ... |
|
| Tomographic Analysis of Line-of-Sight Infrared Spectra of Low-Pressure Flames |
APR 93 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin L. McNesby; Robert A. Fifer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Line-of-sight Fourier transform infrared absorption spectra through a 17-torr methane/nitrous oxide flame have been tomographically analyzed using Abel's equations. Relative absorbances for N20, CH4, CO2, NO, and CO have been mapped for various 'slices' of the flame at different heights in the flame. Results indicate that the region of maximum NO and CO formation occurs prior to the luminous region of the flame. The technique is shown to be useful ... |
|
| Direct Numerical Diagonalization: Wave of the Future, |
16 FEB 1993 |
|
| Authors:
Richard B. Wattson; Laurence S. Rothman; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| The direct numerical diagonalization (DND) technique has been developed for use in calculations of atmospheric opacity due to molecular absorption under conditions which cannot be duplicated in an Earth-based laboratory. DND is an adaptation of the well-known variational method for solving quantum mechanical equations of the rovibrational molecular Hamiltonian. The method has made possible the analysis and assignment of CO sub 2 lines for bands that have not been observed ... |
|
| An Experimental Investigation of Thermospheric Structure Near an Auroral Arc |
Jul-1992 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
R W Eastes; T L Killeen; Q Wu; J D Winningham; W R Hoegy; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| Observations of thermospheric parameters, made from the Dynamics Explorer 2 (DE 2) spacecraft during three successive orbital crossings of a quiescent dusk sector auroral are, have been compared with the predictions of three fine-grid auroral are models. DE 2 measured the ion and neutral winds, electron and neutral temperature, neutral composition, and energetic auroral electron spectra (5 eV to 32 keV) at approximately 320 km altitude. Theses observations were at ... |
|
| Tomographic Reconstruction of Infrared Spectra of Nonhomogeneous Media: Applications to a Flat Flame Burner |
APR 92 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin L. McNesby; Robert A. Fifer; ARMY BALLISTIC RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| We are using computed tomography, a radiological imaging technique, to obtain species profiles within a flame as a function of height above the burner surface and lateral position at that height. This information is extracted from parallel line-of-sight absorbance data using a technique known as Abel inversion. This process yields two dimensional 'slices' of the flame. At any point within each slice the infrared spectrum of the species present may ... |
|
| Depletion in Antarctic Ozone and Associated Climatic Change, |
MAR 1992 |
|
| Authors:
M. Lal; INDIAN INST OF TECH NEW DELHI
|
| Perhaps the most significant discovery in the atmospheric sciences in the last decade has been the observation of large decreases in ozone. These losses in ozone occur during austral spring, and from 1979 the severity of the depletion increased non-monotonically until September of 1987 when the lowest column ozone amounts ever recorded were observed in Antarctica. While the surprising ozone hole in the remote icy continent of Antarctica emphasizes the ... |
|
| Proceedings of the Annual Review Conference on Atmospheric Transmission Models (14th) Held at Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts on 11-12 June 1991 |
26 FEB 92 |
497 pages |
| Authors:
L. W. Abreu; F. X. Kneizys; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| Viewgraphs and other materials for the 42 papers presented at the Fourteenth Annual Review Conference on Atmospheric Transmission Models held at the Geophysics Laboratory (AFSC) are included. Materials are included from each of the four sessions: Session on Aerosols and Clouds; Session on Atmospheric Propagation Models; Session on Measurements and Models; and Topical Session on Spectral Line Shapes. Contributed papers and an appendix are also included. |
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| SAW Chemosensor. Third Progress Report (SAW Chemosensor. De derde Voortgangsrapportage) |
FEB 92 |
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| Authors:
M. S. Nieuwenhuizen; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
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| At the Prins Maurits Laboratory TNO, work on surface acoustic wave (SAW) chemical sensors is being performed. Up to now the main subjects have been: implementation of SAW technology on a silicon chip, the development of a SAW sensor for NO2 and the development of a SAW sensor for chemical warfare agents. This third progress report deals with the on-going work on a SAW sensor for NO2 including immobilization of ... |
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| Theory of Combustion of Liquid Propellants Based on Hydroxylammonium Nitrate |
29 JAN 92 |
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| Authors:
Forman A. Williams; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
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| Deflagration velocities of liquid propellants based on hydroxylammonium nitrate are controlled by the chemistry of decomposition of this oxidizer in aqueous solutions. Theory was developed for the deflagration velocity and its dependence on oxidizer concentration, giving excellent agreement with experiment and suggesting that the rate of the initial proton- transfer step determines the deflagration rate. Nitramine deflagration also was considered, with two-phase flow in the reaction zone taken into account, ... |
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| NO and O2 Ultraviolet Nightglow and Spacecraft Glow from the S3-4 Satellite |
92 |
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| Authors:
R. W. Eastes; R. E. Huffman; F. J. LeBlanc; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| Observations (1600-2950 A) from the S3-4 satellite of the Earth's nightglow at approximately 6 A resolution have been analyzed. These data indicate that the only significant emission from NO are the delta and gamma bands. The relative brightness of these bands was consistent with previous observations at lower resolution. The data support the presence of O2 emissions in the Herzberg I, II, and III bands in ratios (approximately 4.5:1:1.4), consistent ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
NITROUS OXIDE
