| Early Systemic Biomarkers of Acute Lung Injury: Application of Multiplex Proteomic Array Technology |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Adolph Januszkiewicz; Jayasree Nath; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH SILVER SPRING MD
|
 | The primary objectives of the present study were: 1) to set up a non-invasive animal model of 'inhalation injury', to monitor early changes in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in breath condensates of live rats, to delineate early biomarkers of pulmonary inflammation; 2) to further investigate the role of specific proinflammatory mediator(s) in acute lung inflammation/injury following exposure to toxic fire gases and/or BOP shockwave-mediated blunt trauma; 3) to monitor changes ... |
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| Novel Collective Protection Filters for Emerging TIC Requirements: Axial and Radial-Flow Filter Designs |
MAY 2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory W. Peterson; Christoper J. Karwacki; Joseph A. Rossin; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Adsorbents have recently been developed for enhanced protection against toxic industrial chemicals such as ammonia, ethylene oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Current collective protection filters employing ASZM-TEDA, an adsorbent developed for' heavy organic and acid-forming chemicals, seriously lack protection against these chemicals and other toxic industrial materials. ibis report explores the development of novel collective protection filters in multiple configurations employing a layered bed of ASZM-TEDA and newly developed zeolites. |
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| Passive Badge Assessment for Long-term, Low-level Air Monitoring on Submarines: Nitrogen Dioxide Badge Validation |
31 OCT 2005 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Kimberly P. Williams; Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; David A. Kidwell; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| Passive diffusion badges are being tested as a long-term, low-level method of analyte-specific air analysis onboard U.S. Navy (USN) nuclear submarines. Passive badge monitors for nitrogen dioxide detection were tested. Long-term sampling efficiency was evaluated for a 28-day period by comparing the response of the passive badge to an active tube sampling method. Simultaneous exposure of badges and tubes at concentration levels 100% and 50% of the USN 90-day submarine-specific ... |
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| Phase III: Laboratory Investigation of Portable Instruments for Submarine Air Monitoring |
20 OCT 2004 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas W. Evans; Julianne M. Werner; Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; Mark H. Hammond; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Drager tubes are currently used to supplement the atmosphere analysis measurements made aboard U.S. Navy submarines. The submarine fleet has requested that these tubes be replaced with a less labor intensive measurement system. Due to recent developments in gas sensing instrumentation, it is possible to replace many of the existing detectors with instruments that will incorporate more than one sensor at a time. This report is a continuation of an ... |
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| Advanced Diagnostics for Reacting Flows |
19 JUN 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald K. Hanson; STANFORD UNIV CA HIGH TEMPERATURE GASDYNAMICS LAB
|
| The goal of this research is to develop advanced laser-based techniques for non-intrusive measurements relevant to air-breathing combustion. In general, the program emphasizes spectrally-resolved absorption using tunable laser sources and planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF), conducted using either near-infrared or ultraviolet laser sources. Detailed below is progress on the exploration of IR PLIF as a diagnostic for imaging IR-active gases and on the suitability of pentanone as an alternative flow tracer ... |
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| Studies of Atomic Nitrogen in Low Pressure Discharges by Two-Photon Laser Induced Fluorescence |
JUL 1999 |
166 pages |
| Authors:
Steven F. Adams; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| A series of diagnostic experiments have been compiled to investigate rf and microwave discharges in N2, such as those used for plasma processing of electronic materials. To develop a picture, as complete as possible, of the discharge chemistry, several reactive intermediates, e.g. N, N2(A), N2(B) and N2(C), were monitored. An alternative two-photon laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) scheme for detection of atomic nitrogen has been characterized and used to monitor and ... |
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| Demonstration of a Short Wavelength Chemical Laser |
24 JUN 1999 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
James L. Gole; GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH CORP ATLANTA
|
| Experiments to demonstrate a short wavelength chemical laser based on atomic sodium have been performed. The metastable states of SiO generated using the Si-N2O reaction have been used to energy transfer pump a Na atom amplifier at 569 nm (Na 4d2D --> Na3p2P+hnu (569 nm)). Using this gain medium in a full vacuum cavity constructed following the design of the HF overtone system at the University ... |
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| Extracorporeal Life Support in Military Casualties |
JAN 1999 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Barlett; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR MEDICAL CENTER
|
| The purpose of this contract is to develop a portable extracorporeal life support (ECLS) device and a vascular access system. Part of this project includes the development of a non-thrombogenic surface to allow ECLS with minimal or no system anti-coagulation, During the second year of the contract the prototype device was completed by the subcontractor, animal models were refined, and the non-thrombogenic NO releasing surface was further tested. |
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| Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Electrodes for Gas Phase Pulsed Corona Reactors |
1999 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
B. R. Locke; M. Kirkpatrick; H. Hanson; W. C. Finney; FLORIDA AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL UNIV TALLAHASSEE DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A new design for gas phase pulsed corona reactors incorporating reticulated vitreous carbon electrodes is demonstrated to be effective for the removal of nitrogen oxides from synthetic air mixtures. The reactor consists of a plexiglass tube with porous reticulated carbon disk electrodes placed perpendicularly to the cylinder axis. Streamers propagate between the reticulated carbon disks providing a uniform exposure of the flowing gas stream ... |
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| I. Trace Analysis of NO/NO2 Mixtures by Laser Photofragmentation/ Fragment Photoionization Spectrometry at Visible Wavelengths |
DEC 1998 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
R. C. Sausa; J. B. Simeonsson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Trace concentrations of NO and NO2 molecules are differentiated spectrally using a visible dye laser and a simple flow cell with a pair of miniature electrodes for ion detection. NO is detected near 452 nm by (2+2) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization via its A2SIGMA(+) - X2II (0,0) transitions, while NO2 is detected by laser photofragmentation with subsequent fragment NO ionization via the A2SIGMA(+) - X2II (0,0) and (1,1) transitions. Spectral differentiation ... |
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| UV/Vis Emission From Shock-Loaded Liquid Propellant XM46 |
MAY 1998 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
M. J. McQuaid; J. L. Watson; D. L. Pilarski; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In flyer plate impact experiments conducted to study the response of the liquid propellant XM46 to shock loading, it had been observed that, in cases where the sample reacted violently, a luminous wave would travel at high velocity across a free-surface or container boundary prior to significant acceleration of materiel. This report presents the results of experiments in which the ultraviolet (UV) and visible (vis) radiation from this wave were ... |
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| Extracorporeal Life Support in Military Casualties |
JAN 1998 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Barlett; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR MEDICAL CENTER
|
| The purpose of this contract is to develop a portable extracorporeal life support (ECLS) device and a vascular access system. Part of this project includes the development of a non thrombogenic surface to allow ECLS with minimal or no system anti-coagulation. During the first year of the contract the components for the prototype device have been assembled, the nonocclusive peristaltic pump has been tested in detail, and a non thrombogenic ... |
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| Industrial Hygiene Exposure Assessment of JP-8 Plus 100 at Kingsley Field |
JAN 1998 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
J. Bell; D. Mattie; W. W. Jederberg; K. R. Still; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST TOXICOLOGY DETACHMENT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The Occupational Medicine Division of Armstrong Laboratory Occupational and Environmental Health Directorate (AL/OEM was requested by AL/OET, Tri-Service Toxicology Consortium and sponsored by NMRI/TD to perform an exposure assessment on workers handling the new jet fuel, JP-8 Plus 100. Six areas of concern were addressed during this exposure assessment. These areas included personnel in the flightline, Aerospace Ground Equipment (AGE) repair, Jet Engine repair. Fuel Cell repair, Petroleum-Oils and Lubricants. ... |
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| Toxicologial Study Number 87-3012-95: Evidence for the Chemical Reduction and Binding of TNT During the Composting of Contaminated Soils March 1995 - January 1996 |
FEB 97 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Major; Wayne H. Griest; John C. Amos; Winifred G. Palmer; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE (PROVISIONAL) ABERDEE N PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The 2,4,6 isomer of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its environmental transformation products are the most important munitions-derived pollutants encountered at military installations. Large amounts of TNT were released during manufacturing and demilitarization of ordnance, and the resulting contamination is both toxic and remarkably persistent in soil environments. Remediation of sites contaminated with explosives is required by current statutes, and cleanup criteria have been set from 10 to 200 mg/Kg for TNT. ... |
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| Effect of Hydrocarbons on Plasma Treatment of NOx |
1997 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; W. J. Pitz; M. C. Hsiao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| This paper examines how hydrocarbons affect the non-thermal plasma treatment of NOx in lean-burn engine exhausts. We have found that the NO is mainly oxidized to NO2 by NO + HO2 --> NO2 + OH, NO + RO2 --> NO2 + RO where R is a hydrocarbon radical. The O and OH radicals produced by electron-impact dissociation are consumed mainly by reactions with the hydrocarbons rather than with NO. The ... |
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| Fundamental Limits on Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction of NOx in a Plasma |
1997 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; M. C. Hsiao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| This paper examines the gas-phase chemical reduction of NOx. It is shown that under the best conditions, the plasma can chemically reduce 1.6 grams of NOx per brake-horsepower-hour when 5% of the engine output energy is delivered to the plasma. This NOx reduction efficiency is a fundamental limit that cannot be exceeded in the absence of heterogeneous reactions or chemical additives. Higher NOx removal efficiencies would suggest reactions of plasma ... |
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| Gallium Arsenide Semiconductor-Laser Multigas Analyzer (GASMAN) |
SEP 1996 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Jamine Lee; SPECTRAL SCIENCES INC BURLINGTON MA
|
| The U. S. Army requires an instrument for monitoring gaseous by- products, including HCL, NO2, CO2, CO, etc. generated by newly developed gunpowder and combustion fuels, and in evaluating their threats to the health of soldiers. It is desired to perform simultaneous real time monitoring of these gas concentrations in ambient air with detection sensitivities at or below the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) levels. This Phase II SBIR final report ... |
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| Chemical Reactivity of Light Gases for Catalytic Air Purification Systems |
SEP 96 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Alec A. Klinghoffer; Irvine D. Swahn; Joseph A. Rossin; TEXAS A AND M UNIV COLLEGE STATION
|
| The catalytic oxidation of 11 light gases of direct or potential concern for chemical protection applications was evaluated over a 2% Pt/Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed bed catalytic reactor test stand. Each of the 11 light gases was evaluated for reactivity, deactivation potential, and the formation of undesired reaction products. All tests were conducted in a fixed bed catalytic reactor test stand employing 40/60 mesh catalyst particles. The presence of ... |
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| Photofragmentation Studies of an Energetic Materials Sensor Based on a Laser Photofragmentation/Fragment Detection Approach |
AUG 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. B. Simeonsson; R. C. Sausa; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The goals of this research project were to: (1) perform spectroscopic studies of the key fragment species NO and NO2 and identify suitable wavelength schemes for photofragmentation (PF) and fragment detection (FD) by a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) approach; and (2) perform a survey of the pertinent literature to identify instrumental features that are desirable for PF/LIF sensors. |
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| Formation and Emission of Nitrogen Oxide in Gas Turbine Engines: Plume Effluent Characteristics of TF3O-P111+ and TF33-P9 Engines |
30 JUN 96 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
J. W. Dill; W. A. Sowa; G. S. Samuelsen; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE COMBUSTION LAB
|
| Phase I of this project focused on the creation of a spatial emissions map of the plume effluent in the exhaust stream directly behind the engine in a jet engine test cell (JETC). Both afterburning TF30-P111+ and non- after-burning TF33-P9 engines were tested. Measurements were taken in conjunction with actual engine tests for validity of the data. Temperature, oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, and velocity were among ... |
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| Preliminary Assessment of Soil Remediation Technologies for Application to Liquid Propellant XM46-Contaminated Soils |
MAR 96 |
280 pages |
| Authors:
Judith C. Pennington; Tommy E. Myers; Donald D. Adrian; Dan M. Townsend; Jimmy C. Oxley; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Environmentally responsible handling of a new liquid propellant formulation (LP XM46) led the Crusader program to sponsor research on remediation technologies potentially useful in the event of an LP spill onto soil. Based on interactions of LP with soils described by previous research, a technology review and several laboratory-scale research projects were conducted. The techology review assessed suitability of soil washing, bioremediation, and enhanced natural attenuation. Research addressed implementation of ... |
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| Gas-Surface Interactions Near Dissociation Threshold. |
FEB 1996 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Hanna Reisler; Curt Wittig; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Two aspects of molecular decomposition on MgO(100) surfaces were explored. Nitrogen dioxide entrained in a molecular beam was photoexcited and directed at a crystal surface. Following collision, it had enough internal plus translational energy to undergo dissociation. The NO products, which were detected with state and angular resolution, were scattered preferentially in the specular direction and their internal energies were analyzed The results showed that the collisional dissociation was rather ... |
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| A Chemical Sensing Concept Based on Conductive Polymer Coated Fibers |
21 DEC 95 |
|
| Authors:
G. E. Collins; L. J. Buckley; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS SECTION
|
 | A novel sensing format for the detection of toxic vapors is presented, that uses thin films of conductive polymers, poly(pyrrole) or poly(aniline), coated onto polyethylene terephthalate or nylon threads woven into a fabric mesh. Chemical sensing on fabrics offers the opportunity of using the large surface area for improved sensitivity and expanded dynamic range. The resistivity of these materials was monitored following exposure to several toxic gases. Parts-per-million (ppm) detection ... |
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| Binary Gas Mixture Analysis with an Interdigitated Gate Electrode Field Effect Transistor (IGEFET) Microsensor |
DEC 95 |
606 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Wiseman; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Single component and binary gas mixtures of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3) were analyzed with a microsensor composed of an array of interdigitated Gate Electrode Field Effect Transistor (IGEFET) sensor elements coated with copper-, nickel-, and cobalt-phthalocyanine thin films. Improvements in the IGEFET microsensor design and operation facilitated simultaneous measurement of ihe direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) electrical response of the metal-substituted phthalocyanine (MPc) films to challenge ... |
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| Gas-Phase Kinetics Measurements for Underwater Explosives |
09 OCT 95 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur Fontijn; RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY
|
| To aid in the development of boron-enhanced fluoronitramino explosives, the kinetics of individual reactions are measured over wide temperature ranges. Using the HTFFR technique it was established that, for BO + HCl yields OBCl + H, k (300-760 K) = (5.7x 10(exp-13))exp(-1437 K/T)cu cm/ molecule/s. Currently this determination, and HTFFR results on the BO reactions with O2, CO2 and N2O, are being ... |
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| Vertical Distribution of Oxides of Nitrogen in the Semi-Urban Planetary Boundary Layer, Mixing Ratios, Transport and Sources |
10 SEP 95 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas C. Moore; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The role of the family of reactive oxides of nitrogen, NO(y) composed primarily the lower troposphere of nitric oxide (NO) + nitrogen dioxide (NO2) + peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) + nitric acid (HNO3) + particulate nitrate (NO3), in the photochemical production of and correlation with tropospheric ozone is thought to be well known. Thus a knowledge of the distribution, transport and sources of tropospheric NO ... |
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| Chemiluminescence Chemical Detection of Vapors and Device. |
10 JUL 1995 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory E. Collins; Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A solid phase chemical sensor includes a polymer film which has a chemiluminescent reagent immobilized therein. The polymer film and chemiluminescent reagent are chosen to significantly enhance the selectivity of the sensor to the analyte in the gaseous phase to which the sensor is exposed. The sensor is then positioned so that, when exposed to the gaseous mixture, any chemiluminescence generated will be detected by a photomultiplier tube or other ... |
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| State Resolved Differential Cross Sections for Reactions Important to the Decomposition of Energetic Materials |
01 SEP 94 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Paul L. Houston; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This final report describes the research whose goal was to develop a new technique for characterizing the velocity distributions of state-selected reaction products and to use this technique to study reactions of importance to the decomposition of energetic materials. In this technique, the three- dimensional product velocity distribution is determined by ionizing the appropriate species, waiting for a delay while the species separate along their trajectories, and then projecting the ... |
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| Laser-Induced Thermal Acoustics (LITA): Four-Wave Mixing Measurement of Sound Speed, Thermal Diffusivity, and Viscosity |
AUG 94 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Eric B. Cummings; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA
|
| Laser-induced thermal acoustics (LITA) is a promising optical four- wave mixing technique for gasdynamic measurement. The X(3) nonlinear process is a sequence of two opto-acoustic effects, electrostriction and absorption/rapid- thermalization, and the acousto-optic effect. The evolution of the laser-induced acoustic structures temporally modulates X(3) and thereby the LITA signal. Time resolution of the signal provides the sound speed, thermal diffusivity, and acoustic damping rate, along with information about atomic or ... |
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| Gas-Surface Interactions Near Dissociation Threshold |
JUL 94 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Hanna Reisler; Curt Wittig; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Our earlier studies of molecule-surface CID were extended to the case of NO2, which has been implicated as the emitting species in shuttle glow phenomena. The glow is believed to derive from the recombination of NO and atomic oxygen, yielding internally excited NO2. Because the NO2 zeroth order 2B2 excited state is strongly coupled to the 2A1 ground state, levels formed in recombination reactions emit throughout the visible. In our ... |
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| Thin Film Laser Pyrolysis of Nitramine Propellants |
04 JAN 94 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Charles A. Wight; UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A thin film laser pyrolysis technique has been developed to investigate initial steps in the thermal decomposition mechanism of RDX (1,3,5- trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) under rapid heating conditions. In this technique, thin films (10 microns or less) of RDX are irradiated with the pulsed output of a line-tuneable carbon dioxide laser to heat them from 77 K to approximately 1000 K in 35 microseconds. The films are then cooled back to 77 ... |
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| Measurements of Ultraviolet Absorption Cross Sections of NO2 at Various Pressures and Temperatures |
94 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
W. H. Parkinson; Kouichi Yoshino; HARVARD COLL OBSERVATORY CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| An account is given of progress towards the measurements of absolute, ultra violet cross sections of N02 during the ten-month period 10/1/93-7/31/94. The accomplishments include: (a) construction of an absorption cell; (b) construction of vacuum system; (c) the assembly of an optical system including focusing of a 6.65 m spectrograph; (d) obtaining high resolution photographic spectra of N02 in absorption; and (e) the first measurements of cross sections of N02 ... |
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| Photothermal Laser Deflection, an Innovative Technique to Measure Particles in Exhausts |
OCT 93 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Cecil F. Hess; METROLASER IRVINE CA
|
| Photothermal Laser Deflection (PLD) is an analytical technique to measure in real-time the mass concentration of particles and gaseous exhaust pollutants in a variety of combustion devices (e.g., gas turbine engines and rockets). PLD uses a pump laser to locally heat the particle or gaseous species, thus changing the refractive index of the surrounding gas to form a thermal lens. A probe laser beam travelling through the thermal lens is ... |
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| Investigation of the Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Reversibility of the Chemically-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (CHEMFET) to Detect Nitrogen Dioxide, Dimethyl Methylphosphonate, and Boron Trifluoride |
SEP 93 |
261 pages |
| Authors:
Neal T. Hauschild; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This study investigated the sensitivity, selectivity, and reversibility of a chemically-sensitive field-effect transistor (CHEMFET) gas microsensor. Various physical operating parameters were tested to determine which produced the most significant sensitivity, selectivity, and reversibility which were computed from response changes generated from electrical conductivity modulations when exposed to challenge gases. The variable operating parameters included: thinfilm material, film thickness, challenge gas specie, challenge gas concentration, and operating temperature. Copper phthalocyanine and ... |
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| Effects of Endotoxin Induced Lung Injury and Exercise in Goats/Sheep |
02 JUN 93 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas G. Mundie; TRIPLER ARMY MEDICAL CENTER HI
|
| This study was designed the effects of exercise performed on animals already injured with E. coli endotoxin. This would tell us whether exercise makes the lung injury worse. It would also tell us how much exercise performance is impaired. These studies were designed to give further insights into the underlying causes of acute lung injury. Premature termination of the study prevented completion of the research project. It appeared from the ... |
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| Design and Performance Evaluation of a Gas Chromatograph Micromachined in a Single Crystal Silicon Substrate |
MAR 1993 |
365 pages |
| Authors:
Rocky R. Reston; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This investigation designed and developed a miniature gas chromatograph (GC) using silicon micromachining techniques. The GC is composed of a miniature sample injector (10 micro-l sample loop); a 0.9 m long, rectangular-shaped (300 micrometers width and 10 micrometers height) capillary column coated with a 0.2 micrometer thick copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) stationary phase; and a dual-detector scheme incorporating a CuPc-coated chemiresistor and a 125 micrometer diameter thermal conductivity detector bead. Micromachining ... |
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| Selective Nitrations: The Laser-Induced Nitration of Three Cycloalkanes: II |
MAR 93 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Ann E. Stanley; Judith M. Bonicamp; Susan E. Godbey; Larry M. Ludwick; ARMY MISSILE COMMAND REDSTONE ARSENAL AL WEAPONS SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| The army uses nitrated compounds as explosives and propellants. There is a special need for propellants with the chemical composition necessary to burn exactly with high energy production, but with a minimum of side products which create smoke. Laser-induced chemistry possesses the potential to drive some reactions in an efficient and selective manner, and may be useful in driving nitration reactions toward specific products. Reported here are the results of ... |
|
| Direct Numerical Diagonalization: Wave of the Future, |
16 FEB 1993 |
|
| Authors:
Richard B. Wattson; Laurence S. Rothman; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| The direct numerical diagonalization (DND) technique has been developed for use in calculations of atmospheric opacity due to molecular absorption under conditions which cannot be duplicated in an Earth-based laboratory. DND is an adaptation of the well-known variational method for solving quantum mechanical equations of the rovibrational molecular Hamiltonian. The method has made possible the analysis and assignment of CO sub 2 lines for bands that have not been observed ... |
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| Nitric Oxide Interaction with Lactoferrin and Its Production by Macrophage Cells Studied by EPR and Spin Trapping |
1993 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Alasdair J. Carmichael; Linda Steel-Goodwin; Brian Gray; Carmen M. Arroyo; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| The production of nitrate (N03(-)) and nitrite (N02(-)) from macrophage-derived NO(-) was studied using EPR and spin trapping. The formation of NO3(-) was determined via EPR in reactions involving the iron-binding protein, lactoferrin errin. The formation of NO2(-) was determined via EPR/spin trapping in the reaction between (NO2(-) and H2O2. Dissolved nitric oxide (NO(-) ) was reacted with lactoferrin yielding an EPR spectrum (77 K) different from the normal EPR ... |
|
| Evaluation of NOX-Induced Toxicity |
31 DEC 92 |
|
| Authors:
Bruce E. Lahnert; LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB NM LIFE SCIENCES DIV
|
|
| Dissociation Rates of Diatomic Molecules |
DEC 92 |
233 pages |
| Authors:
Philip C. Cosby; Hanspeter Helm; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| Absolute cross sections were measured for the electron-impact dissociation of simple molecules using a novel fast beam technique with multicoincident detection of the dissociation fragments. Translational energy released in the dissociation and product mass ratios were explicitly measured, allowing a detailed understanding of the dissociation mechanisms. The technique was applied to the molecules of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, chlorine, and other molecules. A detailed description of ... |
|
| Testing of Elmendorf Air Force Base Heat and Power Plant, Gas-Fired Boilers 3 and 5, Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska |
OCT 92 |
|
| Authors:
Ramon A. Cintron-Ocasio; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE *
|
| A source emission testing for criteria pollutants was conducted on gas-fired boilers 3 and 5 at the Elmendorf AFB Heat and Power Plant during 21-29 April 1992 by the Air Quality Function of Armstrong Laboratory. The State of Alaska has indicated it will approve a permit modification to allow operation of the Heat and Power Plant boilers in excess of 60% of the nameplant design capacity upon source emissions compliance. ... |
|
| Environmentally Acceptable Disposal of Munition and Explosives |
Aug-1992 |
|
| Authors:
van; Nico Ham; Henk Bartelds; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
| Conventional methods of disposing of munition and explosives such as dumping at sea and open-pit burning can no longer be tolerated in view of new environmental protection laws. Therefore TNO has investigated some alternative methods of disposal such as chemical treatment, bio-degradation and controlled burning. Our investigations showed that controlled burning is the most applicable and promising technique. A closed furnace system is used for controlled burning. We can discriminate ... |
|
| Recombination of 5-ev O(3P) Atoms with Surface-Adsorbed NO: Spectra and Their Dependence on Surface Material and Temperature, |
16 APR 1992 |
|
| Authors:
O. J. Orient; K. E. Martus; A. Chutjian; E. Murad; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| Recombination spectra are measured in the wavelength range 300-850 nm resulting from collisions of 5-eV O(3P) atoms with NO adsorbed on MgF sub 2, Ni, and Ti surfaces. The dependence of the chemiluminescence intensity on surface temperature (240-340 K) is measured, and activation energies for desorption of the physisorbed NO obtained. Activation energies as a function of wavelength for each material are also reported. It is found that, with minor ... |
|
| Selective Nitrations: The Laser-Induced Nitration of Three Cycloalkanes: I |
FEB 92 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Ann E. Stanley; Susan E. Godbey; Judith M. Bonicamp; Larry M. Ludwick; ARMY MISSILE COMMAND REDSTONE ARSENAL AL WEAPONS SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| The Army uses nitrated compounds as explosives and propellants. There is a special need for propellants with the chemical composition necessary to burn exactly with a minimum of side products which create smoke, but with high energy production. An important part of this process is the ability to selectively nitrate materials. Laser-induced chemistry possesses the potential to drive some reactions in an efficient and se |
|
| Characterizing the Sensitivity, Selectivity, and Reversibility of the Metal-Doped Phthalocyanine Thin-Films Used with the Interdigitated Gate Electrode Field-Effect Transistor (IGEFET) to Detect Organophosphorous Compounds and Nitrogen Dioxide |
DEC 91 |
480 pages |
| Authors:
Clayton P. Howe; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| This study investigated the sensitivity, reversibility, and selectivity of the thin film coatings used on the interdigitated gate electrode field effect transistor (IGEFET) gas microsensor. These responses were quantified based on the dc resistance changes and frequency domain responses of the microsensor. The thin-film materials included: copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc), and cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc). The challenge gases included: diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP), dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), nitrogen dioxide, ammonia, and ... |
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| Novel Chemical and Optical Diagnostic Techniques |
MAR 91 |
451 pages |
| Authors:
Karen P. Crossman; Patricia T. Carver; Scot Reynolds; GEO-CENTERS INC NEWTON CENTRE MA
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| The tasks performed at NRL in support of Research of Novel Chemical and Optical Diagnostic Techniques are reported in this volume. GEO-CENTERS' support at NRL addressed existing problems in these areas: citric acid hydrazines sampler; photoionization; materials compatibility; electrochemistry; color chemistry for the detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2); nitrogen dioxide instrument evaluation; coulometric titration method optimization; color chemistry for detection of HC1; as well as additional studies. |
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| Removal of NO and NO2 from Contaminated Atmospheres |
SEP 90 |
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| Authors:
Anthony E. Finnerty; Gould Gibbons Jr; Matthew Schroeder; Lisa Copland; Tanya Swiderski; ARMY BALLISTIC RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Laboratory studies were carried out to determine the feasibility of removing certain toxic gases from a vehicle atmosphere. Both nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitric oxide (NO) were studied in the concentration range 200 to 2000 parts per million (ppm). Only non-toxic agents were considered for removal of these gases. The most efficient scrubbing agents found were: water, diammonium phosphate and Monnex with NO2, MAP (monoammonium phosphate) and alum with NO. ... |
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| Comprehensive Monitoring Program. Final Air Quality Data Assessment Report for 1989, Version 2.1. Volume 3 |
JUN 90 |
239 pages |
| Authors:
STOLLAR (R L) AND ASSOCIATES INC DENVER CO
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| The purpose of the air element of the comprehensive monitoring program is to establish an on-going baseline to verify ambient air quality and evaluate progress made in remedial actions. The program consists of three modes of operation: (1). Year-round and routine seasonal baseline monitoring of PM-10, VOC, SVOC, TSP, OTSP, Asbestos, and metals; (2). 'High Event' monitoring during specified meteorological conditions; and (3). Supplemental monitoring for remedial and construction activities. ... |
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| Production of NO, NO2 and N2O in Air by Breakdown with High Power Microwaves:A Preliminary Report |
05 JAN 90 |
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| Authors:
Donald E. Hunton; John O. Ballenthin; Edmund Trzcinski; John F. Borghetti; Gennaro S. Federico; AIR FORCE GEOPHYSICS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| Production of trace nitrogen oxide species in air discharge plasmas was observed with a quadrupole mass spectrometer attached to a specially- designed, S-band waveguide. At pressures between 25 and 200 Torr in the waveguide, nitric oxide (NO) was the most concentrated trace species observed, reaching concentrations of greater than 2% at 200 Torr. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was also observed, but only after the discharge had been turned off. NO2 concentrations ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
