| On the Behaviour of Porcine Adipose and Skeletal Muscle Tissues under Shock Compression |
Sep 2012 |
244 pages |
| Authors:
James M Wilgeroth; CRANFIELD UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
 | The response of porcine adipose and skeletal muscle tissues to shock compression has been investigated using the plate-impact technique in conjunction with manganin foil pressure gauge diagnostics. This approach has allowed for measurement of the levels of uniaxial stress imparted to both skeletal muscle and rendered adipose tissue by the shock. In addition, the lateral stress component generated within adipose tissue during shock loading has also been investigated. The techniques ... |
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| Mechanisms of Aromatase Inhibitor-induced Musculoskeletal Symptoms |
Jul 2012 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Jason Robarge; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| The use of aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapies in breast cancer is limited in many patients because they induce musculoskeletal pain; however, the effects of pharmacologic inhibition of estrogen synthesis on nociceptive changes in animal models of pain are unknown. To address this issue, we determined whether administration of the AI letrozole to male rats would alter nociceptive responses to mechanical or thermal stimuli. Daily dosing of 5 mg/kg letrozole in ... |
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| Naval Special Warfare Injury Prevention and Human Performance Initiative |
30 Jun 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Scott M Lephart; J P Abt; T C Sell; K Crawford; M Lovalekar; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| Suboptimal physical readiness has been demonstrated to result from suboptimal biomechanical, musculoskeletal, and physiological characteristics and is further compounded with poor or inadequate nutrition. The lack of scientifically guided physical training significantly diminishes physical readiness and predisposes the Operator to a greater risk of musculoskeletal injury and impacts the tactical requirements necessary under extreme conditions. Physical conditioning and training remains the cornerstone of the weapons platform as an Operator. Progressive ... |
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| Prospective Assessment of Chronic Multisymptom Illness Reporting Possibly Associated with Open-Air Burn Pit Smoke Exposure in Iraq |
Jun 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Teresa M Powell; Tyler C Smith; Isabel G Jacobson; Edward J Boyko; Tomoko I Hooper; Gary D Gackstetter; Christopher J Phillips; Besa Smith; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Background The open-air burning of trash and other waste in theater is a practical solution for trash and waste disposal at bases of operations. However, the unknown nature of the chemicals released in this process has many veterans concerned that illnesses they have developed post-deployment may be due to burn pit smoke exposure. Methods CMI (reporting at least two of the following symptom constructs: general fatigue; mood and cognition problems; ... |
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| The Impact of Prophylactic Fasciotomy Following Porcine (Sus scrofa) Hind Limb Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury |
23 Mar 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J Percival; Shimul Patel; Nickolay P Markov; Jerry R Spencer; Gabriel E Burkhardt; Todd E Rasmussen; AIR FORCE MEDICAL WING (59TH) WILFORD HALL MEDICAL CENTER LACKLAND AFB TX DEPT OF SURGERY
|
| Prophylactic fasciotomy has been used as an adjunct to alleviate the compartment syndrome after an ischemia reperfusion injury. It has been purposed that prophylactically treating compartment syndrome will improve neuromuscular recovery of the limb therefore improving functional limb outcome. The purpose of this study is to quantify the neuromuscular recovery of prophylactic fasciotomy in a porcine model of hind limb ischemia. |
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| The Changing Face of Disability in the US Army: The Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom Effect |
Jan 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jeanne C Patzkowski; Jessica C Rivera; James R Ficke; Joseph C Wenke; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Orthopaedic disorders account for significant disability among adults in the United States. Previous studies have demonstrated long-term disability in military personnel with musculoskeletal conditions. However, these studies focused primarily on battle field injured service members and did not evaluate the entire population. The goal of this study was to determine and compare the disabling conditions of the entire United States Army during peacetime and war. We identified the conditions leading ... |
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| New Advanced Technologies In Stem Cell Therapy |
Sep 2011 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Johnny Huard; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| We have isolated and characterized a population of skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) that display a greatly improved skeletal and cardiac muscle transplantation capacity when compared to skeletal muscle myoblasts. The MDSCs ability to withstand oxidative and inflammatory stresses appears to be the single most important factor for their improved transplantation capacity. Although the true origin of MDSCs remains unclear, their high degree of similarity with blood vessel-derived stem cells ... |
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| Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
Jun 2011 |
125 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Z George; John Childs; Deydre Teyhen; Samuel Wu; Alison Wright; Jessica Dugan; Michael Robinson; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
|
| The Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military (POLM) clinical trial has been successfully completed. With the no cost extension year the research team completed all remaining SOW tasks with particular attention paid to the primary data analyses. In the no cost extension year the research team presented data at a national physical therapy conference and 2 manuscripts were accepted for publication in J Ultrasound Med BMC and Musculoskelet ... |
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| Articular Cartilage Repair Through Muscle Cell-Based Tissue Engineering |
Mar 2011 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Johnny Huard; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Using the modified preplate technique, we have isolated a population of early myogenic progenitor cells from postnatal skeletal muscle that display stem cell characteristics. We have shown that these muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) can differentiate toward myogenic, osteogenic, chondrogenic, neurogenic, and hematopoietic lineages. Specifically, MDSCs cultured in chondrogenic medium can undergo chondrogenic differentiation in vitro, and MDSCs delivered to osteochondral defects display good cell survival and can differentiate into chondrocytes ... |
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| Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Nerve Regeneration and Immunomodulation After Composite Tissue Allotransplantation |
Feb 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
W P Lee; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| Composite Tissue Allotransplantation (CTA) offers an alternative reconstructive strategy for complicated musculoskeletal injuries incurred during modern warfare where functional outcomes after multiple conventional reconstructions are suboptimal. Broader clinical application of CTA, however, continues to be hampered by requirement for long-term multi-drug immunosuppression to prevent graft rejection. Furthermore, unlike in solid organs, clinical success is dictated not only by graft acceptance, but also by functional outcome. Our study proposes a novel ... |
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| New Advances in Molecular Therapy for Muscle Repair after Diseases and Injuries |
Jan 2011 |
203 pages |
| Authors:
Johnny Huard; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Recovery from skeletal muscle injury is often incomplete due to the formation of fibrosis and inadequate myofiber regeneration; therefore, injured muscle could benefit significantly from therapies that both stimulate muscle regeneration and inhibit fibrosis. To this end, we have focused on blocking myostatin, a member of the TGF- superfamily and a negative regulator of muscle regeneration, with the myostatin antagonist follistatin. In vivo, follistatin over-expressing transgenic mice underwent significantly greater ... |
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| Treatment of Memory Impairment and Sensorimotor Deficits in an Animal Model for the Gulf War Veterans Illnesses |
SEP 2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
MOHAMED B. ABOU-DONIA; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| The main goal of this project is to investigate the use of flupirtine to protect and/or treat the Gulf War Veterans' Illnesses (GWVI) in an animal model. Many of the Persian Gulf War (PGW) veterans have complained of illnesses, known as the GWI affecting the nervous and the musculoskeletal systems (Institute of Medicine 1995). The symptoms include chronic fatigue, muscle pain, forgetfulness, and inability to concentrate. During the war, American ... |
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| Influence of a Viscoelastic Insole on Foot, Knee and Back Pain among Members of the United States Army Band |
13 Jul 2010 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Tyson Grier; Joseph J Knapik; David Swedler; Bruce H Jones; ARMY PUBLIC HEALTH COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Standing and marching have been associated with musculoskeletal pain of the feet as well as discomfort and fatigue of the back and lower extremities. U.S. Army Band members spend hundreds of hours a year standing and marching. To see if musculoskeletal pain could be reduced, one pair of viscoelastic silicone insoles were provided to band members (n=69). These insoles incorporated a metatarsal pad, ventilation holes for circulation, and a slight ... |
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| Minimizing Skeletal Muscle Injury to Ischemia/Reperfusion with Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonists: Role of Matrix Metalloproteases |
Oct 2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Maria L Urso; Edward J Zambraski; Bruce T Liang; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
|
| Today's Warfighter is subject to traumatic injuries to skeletal muscle. Tourniquet use for hemorrhage control is common, as well as in surgical situations requiring the restriction of blood flow to an extremity. The reperfusion period following prolonged tourniquet use results in skeletal muscle damage, making ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury a concern for military personnel. In regards to acute injury, 63% of injuries sustained in combat are the result of explosive munitions ... |
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| Health-Related Fitness in the Royal Netherlands Army |
Oct 2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Pieter H Helmhout; ROYAL NETHERLANDS ARMY UTRECHT
|
| Physical fitness is often divided up into skill-related fitness and health-related fitness. Health-related fitness in its turn is often subdivided into three components that together determine overall health status: cardiorespiratory fitness, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition. For military personnel, HRF can be seen as the foundation on which general fitness, task-specific fitness, and, eventually, physical preparedness for unit missions can be built. Moreover, a sufficient level of health-related fitness is ... |
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| Injury Prevention Effectiveness of Modifications of Shoe Type on Injuries and Risk Factors Associated with Pain and Discomfort in the US Army Band, Fort Meyer, Virginia 2007-2008 |
30-Jun-2009 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
David Swedler; Joseph J Knapik; Anita Spiess; Tyson Grier; Bruce H Jones; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Footwear characteristics can have an influence on fatigue, overuse injuries and comfort. Shoes are an important consideration for members of the US Army Band who may perform hundreds of missions a year. These missions often include prolonged standing, marching, and can be conducted in unfavorable weather conditions. In a previous investigation, over 50% of the band members noted problems with their footwear such as lack of cushioning, support and breathability. ... |
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| Modulation of Stem Cells Differentiation and Myostatin as an Approach to Counteract Fibrosis in Muscle Dystrophy and Regeneration After Injury |
Mar-2009 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Nestor F Gonzalez-Cadavid; CHARLES DREW UNIV LOS ANGELES CA
|
| During Year 2 we have confirmed that muscle derived stem cells (MDSC) obtained from the wild type (wt) mouse skeletal muscle have in vitro a long-term myogenic capacity, but restricted to passages 10 to about 40-45 or earlier. The in vitro yield of myotubes from wt MDSC expressing myosin heavy chain II was not modified even at the optimal myotube forming capacity at early passages, by any of the several ... |
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| Determination of Etomidate in Human Postmortem Fluids and Tissues |
Feb-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D Johnson; Russell J Lewis; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
|
| Following an aviation accident, biological specimens from the operator of the aircraft are submitted to the Federal Aviation Administration's Civil Aerospace Medical Institute for toxicological analysis. During the course of medical treatment following an aviation accident, pilots who later died as a result of their injuries may have been administered etomidate as an intravenous anesthetic. Our laboratory has developed a sensitive method for the identification and quantitation of etomidate in ... |
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| Injury Prevention and Performance Enhancement in 101st Airborne Soldiers |
Oct-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Yates; PITTSBURGH UNIV MEDICAL CENTER PA
|
| To date, a total of 250 Soldiers have undergone a comprehensive human performance screening for injury prevention and optimal performance to evaluate musculoskeletal strength and flexibility, balance, VO2 max, lactate threshold, body composition, movement patterns during functional (tactical) tasks, along with nutritional screening. The data collected to date suggest that there are areas where a significant number of Soldiers could improve their physical readiness, mechanical, and nutritional preparation for tactical ... |
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| Modulation of Stem Cells Differentiation and Myostatin as an Approach to Counteract Fibrosis in Muscle Dystrophy and Regeneration after Injury |
01-Mar-2008 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Nestor F Gonzalez; CHARLES R DREW UNIV OF MEDICINE AND SCIENCE LOS ANGELES CA
|
| Muscle derived stem cells (MDSC) were isolated from the myostatin wild type mouse (Wt) the myostatin knock out mouse (Mst ko) and a DMD mouse model (mdx) and shown that: 1) Implants of Wt MDSC regenerate in vivo smooth muscle tissue and other cell types in injured or impaired tissue and correct the functional dysfunction created by the loss of these cells and myofibroblast generation and also convert into myofibers ... |
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| New Advanced Technology for Muscular Dystrophy |
01-Mar-2008 |
132 pages |
| Authors:
Johnny Huard; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Researchers continue to investigate whether gene transfer to skeletal muscle can enable both the production of proteins that might be therapeutic for muscle disorders and the systemic delivery of non-muscle proteins. Although the engineering of new mutant vectors has reduced the problems associated with viral cytotoxicity and immune rejection after gene transfer, the inability of most viral vectors to efficiently transduce mature muscle fibers continues to impede gene transfer to ... |
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| Onset Dynamics of Type A Botulinum Neurotoxin-Induced Paralysis |
01-Jan-2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Frank J Lebeda; Michael Adler; Keith Erickson; Yaroslav Chushak; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Experimental studies have demonstrated that botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) causes flaccid paralysis by a multi-step mechanism. Following its binding to specific receptors at peripheral cholinergic nerve endings, BoNT/A is internalized by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently its zinc-dependent catalytic domain translocates into the neuroplasm where it cleaves a vesicle-docking protein, SNAP-25, to block neurally evoked cholinergic neurotransmission. We tested the hypothesis that mathematical models having a minimal number of reactions and ... |
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| A Tale of Two Disability Coding Systems: The Veterans Administration Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD) vs. Diagnostic Coding Using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) |
JAN 2008 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole S. Bell; Ilyssa E. Hollander; Jeffrey O. Williams; Paul J. Amoroso; SOCIAL SECTORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES INC BOSTON MA
|
| Disability rates have increased by approximately 10% per year over the past 25 years. Little is known about the etiology, in part because Veterans Administration Schedule for Rating Disabilities (VASRD) codes are not clinical diagnoses. This report describes results from analyses linking VASRD disability codes to International Classification of Disease, 9th Rev., Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) clinical diagnoses captured in hospital administrative records during disability case processing. Results suggest that while ... |
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| Neuro-Cognitive Assessment, Symptoms of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, and Soldier Performance during 68W Advanced Individual Training |
OCT 2007 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Valerie J. Rice; Diane Marra; Jenny Butler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This study is one in a series of studies examining factors that impact Soldier performance during Advanced Initial Training (AIT). This study examines the relationships between a) Soldier performance using the Interactive Metronome1 (IM), a new interactive computer technology used to assess neuro-cognitive function in terms of auditory and visual input with psychomotor timing and rhythm output, b) symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (SoAD/HD), and c) academic and ... |
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| Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military: A Randomized Clinical Trial |
JUN 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Z. George; John D. Childs; Deydre S. Teyhen; Samuel S. Wu; Michael E. Robinson; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
|
| The first year of the Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military clinical trial has been a tremendous success as the research team was able to complete all Year 1 tasks in a timely fashion. The research team was also able to accelerate the funding schedule so that Year 2 tasks could be started resulting in the creation of a study specific website (https://polm.ufl.edu) that is used for general ... |
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| SMART (Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Team) Centers: An Empirical Analysis |
01-Apr-2007 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Michael D Schwartz; NAVAL HOSPITAL CAMP PENDLETON CA
|
| In an era of finite health care resources, increased military operational tempo, and smaller expeditionary fighting forces, the US Navy has developed SMART (Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Team) Center. SMART Centers address the multitude of muscular skeletal injuries encountered at Recruit Training Commands and Marine Corps Installations by offering an alternative to traditional Orthopedic Services. SMART Centers provide open access and one-stop shopping to multidisciplinary muscular skeletal services. This study ... |
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| Identification of Risk Factors for Exertional Heat Illness: A Brief Commentary on Genetic Testing |
Jan-2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Sheila Muldoon; Rolf Bunger; Patricia Deuster; Nyamkhishing Sambuughin; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF ANESTHESIOLOGY
|
| This commentary discusses known links between Exertional Heat Illness (EHI), Malignant Hyperthermia (MH), and other hereditary diseases of muscle. Genetic and functional testing is also evaluated as measures of fitness to return to duty/play. Data Sources: Reviews and research articles from Sports Medicine, Applied Physiology, and Anesthesiology. Data Extraction: Detailed comparisons of existing literature regarding clinical cases of EHI and MH and the potential utility of genetic testing, specifically the ... |
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| Injuries and Injury Prevention in the US Army Band |
30 DEC 2006 |
231 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph J. Knapik; Sarah B. Jones; Doug W. Ohlin; Michelle Canham-Chervak; Salima S. Darakjy; Donald E. Goddard; Keith G. Hauret; Jeffrey A. Hadley; Gregory Twombly; Deanna K. Harkins; ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Injury rates and potential risk factors were examined in the 284 members of the US Army Band in response to a request from the Band Commander. Collected data included 1) information obtained directly from the Band (fitness test scores, height, weight, etc.), 2) medical data from the Defense Medical Surveillance System, 3) audiograms of Band member from the Defense Occupational and Environmental Health Readiness System-Hearing Conservation database, 4) focus group ... |
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| Exploring Non-Thermal Radiofrequency Bioeffects for Novel Military Applications |
30 NOV 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Gale L. Craviso; Indira Chatterjee; NEVADA UNIV RENO
|
| The research goal was to undertake a study to define radiofrequency/microwave (RF/MW) exposure parameters that produce non-them%al effects both on catecholamine release, using cultured adrenal chromaffin cells as an i,i vitro model system, and on skeletal muscle contraction, using intact skeletal muscle Strips. Major accomplishments included 1) implementation of experiments following completion of the design, characterization and construction both of a waveguide- based exposure system (0.75-1 GHz frequency range) and ... |
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| A Computing Cluster for Numerical Simulation |
23 OCT 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald Fedkiw; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| The acquired computing cluster is used in the development of novel techniques for computational fluid dynamics and continuum mechanics, with a focus on large Eulerian or Lagrangian discretizations. Applications that receive particular emphasis include the following: (1) simulation of discontinuous flows resulting from the interaction of several immiscible or chemically reacting phases; (2) adaptive discretizations of large fluid volumes that can resolve turbulent flows and the effects of highly variable ... |
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| The Burden of Disability among Active Duty Air Force Members |
SEP 2006 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Younho Seong; Meisha Watkins; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO DEPT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
|
| The objectives of this literature review were to examine the available statistics pertaining to disability within the United States Air Force (USAF); to identify prominent types of injuries faced by active duty personnel, including their classification, which result in disability discharge; and to make recommendations for strategies that policy makers can use to combat this issue. This report describes the current state of the burden of disability among active duty ... |
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| Interstitial Metabolic Monitoring During Hemorrhagic Shock |
01 NOV 2005 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Motilal B. Pamnani; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Decompensation in hemorrhagic shock is the critical stage after which resuscitative efforts may prove futile. We hypothesize that decompensation results from K+-mediated vasodilation and/or loss of cardiac contractility. Anesthetized rats were bled to a constant mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg and subsequent resuscitated with normal saline at early (pre-decompensatory) and late (decompensatory) stages of shock. In the first set of experiments, microdialysis probes were implanted in skeletal muscle for ... |
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| In Vivo Cholinesterase Inhibitory Specificity of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents |
26 OCT 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Tsung-Ming Shih; Robert K. Kan; John H. McDonough; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD PHARMACOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE MEDICINE DIVISIONS
|
| The purpose of this project was to determine and compare the time-related changes in blood, brain, and tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity during the first hour after exposure to six organophosphorus nerve agents (GA, GB, GD, GF, VR, and VX) in Hartley guinea pigs. Animals were pretreated with atropine methyl nitrate (l% .0 mg/kg, i.m.) to minimize peripheral toxic effects 15 min before they were given a 1.0 x LD50 subcutaneous ... |
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| Bone Growth, Mechanical Stimulus and IGF-I |
OCT 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Vicente Gilsanz; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES CA
|
| Available data indicate that the genetic susceptibility for low bone mass is present very early in life. The aim of this project is to establish whether bone acquisition in teenagers who have sustained a fracture and have low bone mass can be enhanced by changing environmental factors, such as mechanical loading. The effects of two twelve-month interventions on musculoskeletal development will be studied and the results will be compared to ... |
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| The Effects of Training and Subject Reproducibility During Vertical Impact Acceleration |
27 SEP 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Hilary Gallagher; Joseph Pellettiere; Erica Doczy; CONSORTIUM RESEARCH AND FELLOWS PROGRAM ARLINGTON VA
|
| Several studies have been conducted to collect and analyze the biodynamic response during vertical impact acceleration. There is little data, however, describing the effects of subject training on human response. There are also questions regarding the effect of subject reproducibility and how it might affect data variability. Research is required to determine the effect of training and to properly describe the human response to a vertical impact. This could potentially ... |
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| A Baseline Historical Analysis of Neck and Back-Related Morbidity in the U.S. Army: Occupational Risks Potentially Related to Head-Supported Mass |
SEP 2005 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Paul J. Amoroso; Nicole S. Bell; Holly Toboni; Mark Krautheim; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
|
| This study documents the morbidity of neck and back injuries among U.S. Army Soldiers, focusing on populations at greatest potential risk (e.g.. pilots. parachutists). We hypothesize that individuals in occupations requiring the use of equipment that places a heavy load on the head will be at greater risk for acute and chronic neck and back injuries and musculoskeletal conditions. Analyses include calculation of frequencies and unadjusted rates of each health ... |
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| Phytoestrogen Effects on Cytoskeletal Morphology and Motility in Breast Cancer Progression |
MAR 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Nicolas G. Azios; Surangani Dharawardhane; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN
|
| The purpose of the proposed study is to determine rapid effects of resveratrol, genistein, and daidzein on Rho GTPases and downstream effectors involved in breast cancer cell motility. The scope of the study is to determine signaling pathways affected by the phytoestrogens regarding cell motility and to use confocal microscopy to track in vivo the metastatic potential of cells treated with phytoestrogens in mice. To date, there are no major ... |
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| Analysis of Activity Patterns and Performance in Polio Survivors |
OCT 2004 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Mary Klein; ALBERT EINSTEIN HEALTHCARE NETWORK PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| The goals of this project are: 1) to study the temporal relationship between activity level and health status in polio survivors and to compare the results with those obtained from an age-matched control population and 2) to look at the effect of localized muscle weakness and the associated compensation response on performance of a walking task. Simulation modeling techniques will be used to identify factors critical to task performance, which ... |
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| Shock Mitigation for the Human on High Speed Craft: Development of an Impact Injury Design Rule |
OCT 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Ron Peterson; Eric Pierce; Brian Price; Cameron Bass; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER PANAMA CITY FL
|
 | Occupants of U.S. Special Operations high speed craft are exposed to severe and repeated shock loads during operation in heavy seas, leading to an alarming incidence of reported chronic and acute musculoskeletal injuries. Traditional craft design rules for craft seakeeping qualities are assumed to account for spinal impact injury during the acquisition process. Supplemental design rules, based on spinal impact injury models, are being evaluated in an effort to reduce ... |
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| Predictors of Stress Fracture Susceptibility in Young Female Recruits |
02 SEP 2004 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Richard A. Shaffer; Mitchell J. Rauh; Stephanie K. Brodine; Dan W. Trone; Caroline A. Macera; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| We explored pretraining characteristics that may identify women at increased risk of stress fractures during boot camp. Data collected included performance on a timed run, anthropomorphic measurements, and a baseline questionnaire highlighting exercise and health habits among 2962 women undergoing basic training at the Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD), Parris Island, in 1995-96. One hundred and fifty-two recruits (5.1%) had 181 confirmed lower extremity stress fractures, with the most common ... |
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| Orthopaedic Field Experience at a Level II Navy Surgical Facility During Operation Iraqi Freedom |
01 SEP 2004 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
A. Taneja; C. Elsner; NAVAL AMBULATORY CARE CENTER GROTON CT
|
| A review of the orthopaedic surgical experience at a level II Navy field hospital during Operation Iraqi Freedom was undertaken. A retrospective data review was performed to evaluate include demographics of casualties treated; mechanism of injury; and procedures performed. Results confirm that a majority of the injuries sustained on the battlefield will be to the musculoskeletal system. Both battle and non-battle injuries were administered to. The surgical environment remains austere ... |
|
| Changes in Interstitial Metabolic Parameters during Hemorrhagic Shock |
01 SEP 2004 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
III Oliver James D.; James L. Atkins; James F. Schooley; Elena R. Morris; Lei Wang; Timothy B. Bentley; Motilal B. Pamnani; WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Decompensation in hemorrhagic shock is the critical stage after which resuscitative efforts may prove futile. One mechanism for decompensation may be potassium-mediated vasodilation and/or loss of cardiac contractility, and thus a method of measuring interstitial potassium may be a crucial part of future metabolic monitoring efforts. Anesthetized rats underwent controlled hemorrhage to a constant mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg. Microdialysis probes were implanted in skeletal muscle, vein, and liver ... |
|
| How To Steal From Nature |
23 JUL 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Julian Vincent; BATH UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM) DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Briefing charts from presentation on adapting natural phenomena to the development of umanned aerial vehicles. |
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| Interstitial Metabolic Monitoring During Hemorrhagic Shock |
APR 2004 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Motilal B. Pamnani; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLEMD
|
| Decompensation in hemorrhagic shock is the critical stage after which resuscitative efforts may prove futile. We hypothesize that decompensation results from potassium-mediated vasodilation and/or loss of cardiac contractility, and thus a method of measuring interstitial potassium should be a crucial part of future metabolic monitoring efforts. Anesthetized rats underwent controlled hemorrhage to a constant mean arterial pressure of 40 mmllg. Microdialysis probes were implanted in skeletal muscle, vein, and liver ... |
|
| A Case-Control Study of Risk Factors for Low Back Injury in Employees of a Large Home Improvement Retail Company |
04 FEB 2004 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Renee L. Shibukawa-Kent; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| Low back pain (LBP) is a very common health problem in industrialized countries. Lifetime prevalence of LBP exceeds 70%, with peak point prevalences between ages 35 and 55 (Jellema P et al, 2001). Low back injuries constitute a major cause of musculo skeletal injuries in the workplace (Felstein et al, 1993; Genaidy et al, 1995), and are recognized as the leading cause of morbidity and lost productivity in the work ... |
|
| Pneumatic Muscle Actuator Control |
FEB 2004 |
213 pages |
| Authors:
John H. Lilly; LOUISVILLE UNIV KY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| This research is concerned with investigating methods for the control of McKibben pneumatic actuators, or pneumatic muscles (PMs). PMs are a novel type of actuator that closely mimic human skeletal muscles in size and power capabilities. PMs are considered by the Air Force for use in exoskeletons to be worn by humans for strength augmentation and for use as actuators in robotic systems. In this research, we investigate adaptive, sliding ... |
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| First-Term Outcomes Associated With Lower Extremity Injury in Female Marine Corps Recruits: A Historical Prospective Study |
JAN 2004 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel W. Trone; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of lower extremity musculoskeletal injury (MSI) and of stress fracture (SFX) during recruit training on first-term enlistment (4-yr) hospitalizations and attrition of female Marine Corps recruits. The Naval Health Research Center studied 2,715 female recruit graduates between 1995 and 1999 and evaluated their first-term attrition. No differences by MSI status were seen in hospitalizations, however several differences were found for ... |
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| Analysis of Activity Patterns and Performance in Polio Survivors |
OCT 2003 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Mary Klein; Mukul Talaty; ALBERT EINSTEIN HEALTHCARE NETWORK PHILADELPHIA PA
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| The goals of this project are: 1) to study the temporal relationship between activity level and health status in polio survivors and to compare the results with those obtained from an age matched control population and 2) to look at the effect of localized muscle weakness and the associated compensation response on performance of a walking task. simulation modeling techniques will be used to identify factors critical to task performance, ... |
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| The Mechanism of Retinoblastoma Protein-Mediated Terminal Cell Cycle Arrest |
SEP 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Hasan N. Rajabi; DANA-FARBER CANCER INST BOSTON MA
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| A characteristic feature of most cancers is an increase in the percentage of proliferating cells, often referred to as mitotic index. Upon differentiation most cells in the body enter an irreversible terminal cell cycle arrest. Failure to maintain this growth-arrested state is thought to contribute significantly to the development of most forms of human cancer including those of the breast. The retinoblastoma protein (pRb) has been shown to participate in ... |
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| Assessment and Treatment of Shoulder Dysfunction in Post-Polio and Elderly Populations |
JUL 2003 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Mary G. Klein; MOSS REHABILITATION INST PHILADELPHIA PA
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| The objective of this project was to study the implications of musculoskeletal pain in the lives of polio survivors and older adults with no history of polio, in terms of the effects on functional performance and quality of life, and to determine whether these factors could be significantly improved as the result of a rehabilitation program. Muscle strength, activity, and symptomatology data were collected on 129 polio survivors and 191 ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
