| High Frequency Combustion Instability Studies of LOX/Methane Fueled Rocket Engines |
25-Sep-2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J Santoro; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
 | A series of studies were conducted using a rectangular rocket chamber burning LOX methane propellanrs to investigate the effect of the temperature of the methane on the lunation of combustion instability The rectangular rocket used in these studies employed LOX centered coaxial swirl injectors The rectangular injector used in these studied provided 16 possible injector element locations in a linear array. Variation of injector element location showed that injector elements ... |
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| Influence of Gas Feed Composition and Pressure on the Catalytic Conversion of CO2 to Hydrocarbons Using a Traditional Cobalt-Based Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst |
25-Jun-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Heather D Willauer; Dennis R Hardy; Frederick W Williams; Robert W Dorner; Burton H Davis; NAVY TECHNOLOGY CENTER FOR SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY WASHINGTON DC
|
| The hydrogenation of CO2 using a traditional Fischer-Tropsch Co-Pt/Al2O3 catalyst for the production of valuable hydrocarbon materials is investigated. The ability to direct product distribution was measured as a function of different feed gas ratios of H2 and CO2 (3:1, 2:1, and 1:1) as well as operating pressures (ranging from 450 to 150 psig). As the feed gas ratio was changed from 3:1 to 2:1 and 1:1, the production distribution ... |
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| Deployable Fuel Cell Power Generator - Multi-Fuel Processor |
Feb-2009 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Aly H Shaaban; Christian D Rasmussen; Ragab M Moheisen; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| There are many applications for fuel cell electric generators. Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) to provide secondary power start up of the larger aircraft main engines. APU to provide power to large trucks' cabins during stops to run air conditioning and refrigeration equipment to minimize CO2 emissions. Distributed power generation, where quiet electric generators are distributed to strategic locations to provide power to residential subdivisions and industrial compounds to cut down ... |
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| Emission Measurements of Ultracell XX25 Reformed Methanol Fuel Cell System |
JUN 2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Rong; Dat Tran; Elizabeth Ferry; Deryn Chu; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| Four Ultracell XX25 Rev B. Reforming Methanol Fuel Cell systems have been tested for exhaust emissions at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) under different operating conditions. These tests were conducted at a government facility to verify data previous reported and measured at Ultracell facilities. Two identical Agilent micro-GC systems were used to carry out the test. Personnel from Ultracell Corporation and Agilent Technologies, and Government Personnel from CERDEC and ... |
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| Mass Spectral Fragmentation of VX |
MAY 2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis K. Rohrbaugh; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The objective of this study was to provide structural identification of VX fragment ions formed during mass spectrometric analysis, elucidation of fragmentation pathways, and a compilation of tandem mass spectral product ion spectra to aid in detection and confirmation of trace levels of VX in complex matrices. Fragmentation was observed and is reported here for both electron ionization and chemical ionization (methane) conditions. Isotopic labeling analysis using d5-VX was performed ... |
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| Hawaii Energy and Environmental Technologies (HEET) Initiative |
NOV 2007 |
205 pages |
| Authors:
Richard E. Rocheleau; Robert M. Moore; Scott Q. Turn; Jr. Antal Michael J.; Michael J. Cooney; Bor-Yann Liaw; Stephen M. Masutani; HAWAII UNIV AT MANOA HONOLULU
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| This report covers efforts by the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute of the University of Hawaii under the ONR-funded HEET Initiative that addresses critical technology needs for exploration/utilization of seabed methane hydrates and development/testing of advanced fuel cells and fuel cell systems. Methane hydrates work included: laboratory and analytical investigations of hydrate destabilization phenomena; characterization of the microbial community in marine hydrate beds; development of models to predict the fate of ... |
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| The Supreme Court's Climate Change Decision: Massachusetts v. EPA |
18 MAY 2007 |
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| Authors:
Robert Meltz; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | On April 2, 2007, the Supreme Court handed down "Massachusetts v. EPA," its first pronouncement on climate change. By 5-4, the Court held the following: (1) Massachusetts had standing to sue, (2) Section 202 of the Clean Air Act authorizes the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to regulate emissions from new motor vehicles on the basis of their possible climate change impacts, and (3) Section 202 does not authorize EPA to ... |
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| Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Applied to Reacting Gases for Mixture Ratio Measurement and Detection of Metallic Species |
29 MAR 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Thomas; Stelu Deaconu; James Lewis; Edward Coy; CFD RESEARCH CORP HUNTSVILLE AL
|
| Measurements of LIBS spectra in an atmospheric pressure laboratory burner and pressurized sub-scale rocket combustion chamber are reported. LIBS is being developed as diagnostic for near wall measurements in liquid rocket combustion chambers as part of an AFRL effort to experimentally determine relative concentrations of major combustion species in rocket chambers and reduce validation uncertainty of CFD heat transfer tools. The potential for simultaneous use as a health-monitoring diagnostic i.e. ... |
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| Geochemical Data from Produced Water Contamination Investigations: Osage-Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research (OSPER) Sites, Osage County, Oklahoma |
2007 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
James J. Thordsen; Yousif K. Kharaka; Gil Ambats; Evangelos Kakouros; Marvin M. Abbott; DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON DC
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| We report chemical and isotopic analyses of 345 water samples collected from the Osage-Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research (OSPER) project. Water samples were collected as part of an ongoing multi-year USGS investigation to study the transport, fate, natural attenuation, and ecosystem impacts of inorganic salts and organic compounds present in produced water releases at two oil and gas production sites from an aging petroleum field located in Osage County, in northeast ... |
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| Impact of a Hydrate-Based Marine Desalination Technology on Marine Microbiota and Water Quality |
27 DEC 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Richard B. Coffin; Michael T. Montgomery; Christopher L. Osburn; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMICAL DYNAMICS AND DIAGNOSTICS BRANCH
|
| Marine Desalination Systems (MDS) is currently developing new technology in gas hydrate formation to supply potable water. To scale this technology to support different country needs there is a requirement to assess the environmental impact of desalination. The NRL MDS collaboration on biological influence of marine desalination focuses on water quality of processed water and environmental impact of the marine desalination application. With this segment of the project accomplished, the ... |
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| Gas Hydrate Exploration, Mid Chilean Coast; Geochemical-Geophysical Survey |
27 DEC 2006 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Richard B. Coffin; Juan Diaz; Joan Gardner; Javier Sellanes; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), supported through ONRG-Chile, DOE/NETL, and ONR, participated in a research cruise along the mid-Chilean coast. Specific research topics addressed by NRL in this program include survey and prediction of geotechnical and geoacoustical anomalies, estimation of coastal hydrate distribution, refining protocol for hydrate exploration, and understanding the variation in microbial community diversity in hydrate-rich regions. The Chile-FONDEF goal in this program is to locate hydrates along ... |
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| New Column Designs for MicroGC (Preprint) |
NOV 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Adarsh D. Radadia; Richard I. Masel; Mark A. Shannon; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
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| New column designs that give lower dispersion than column designs presented previously are presented. All of the work so far has concentrated on columns that are arranged with a spiral geometry. Spiral columns show lower dispersion than serpentines in chip scale electrophoresis and the assumption has been that spirals would also give lower dispersion than serpentines for microGC. We also test various turn geometries to see which gives the lowest ... |
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| Researching the Possibility of Creating Highly Effective Catalysts for the Thermochemical Heat Regeneration and Hydrocarbon Reforming |
NOV 2006 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Alexander L. Kuranov; LENINETZ HOLDING CO NIPGS SAINT PETERSBURG (RUSSIA) HYPERSONIC SYSTEM RESEARCH INST
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| This report results from a contract tasking Leninetz Holding Company. NIPGS as follows: The contractor will investigate using a two-stage fuel conversion process for cooling hypersonic air vehicle and engine structures. The two stage process has been shown to significantly reduce fuel coking while maximizing cooling capacity. In the first stage the fuel is reformed to produce methane. The second stage provides additional cooling and reforms the methane into hydrogen. ... |
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| Waste-to-Energy ECIP (Energy Conservation Investment Program) Project. Volume 1: An Analysis of Hydrogen Infrastructure Fuel Cell Technology |
APR 2006 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Franklin H. Holcomb; Roch A. Ducey; Byung J. Kim; Gonzalo Perez; Robert Neathammer; Fred Louis; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| Volume I of this work represents a preliminary analysis of the economics from an anaerobic sludge digester Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) at a military installation integrated with a fuel cell with hydrogen production capabilities. The waste-to-energy, hydrogen production/infrastructure development, fuel cell system (WTE-H2-FC) was submitted for FY06 Energy Conservation Investment Program (ECIP) funding based on the estimated Savings to Investment Ratio (SIR) range of 1.5 - 2, and an estimated ... |
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| Temperature Programmable Injection Techniques for Explosives (Postprint) |
Mar-2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Howard T Mayfield; Eila M Burr; Kimberly R Lombardi; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| Temperature programmable injection ports promise great versatility, capable of normal split/splitless injections and offering options to inject thermally labile materials with gentle heating profiles. Nitroaromatic and nitramine compounds useful in explosive formulations tend to be thermally labile and limited in volatility. Although LC/MS techniques have been proposed for analysis of these chemicals, GC and GC/MS techniques remain more convenient and more cost effective than LC/MS, and more sensitive than conventional ... |
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| Evaluation of Chlorinated Solvent Removal Efficiency Among Three Wetland Plant Species: A Mesocom Study |
MAR 2006 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Jun Yan; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Different species of plants need to be studied individually to compare the remediation efficiency of each species. This research will study three different wetland plants species and an unplanted control, under a laboratory setting. Each plant has a different characteristic favorable for chlorinated solvent degradation. Eleocharis erythropoda (Spike Rush) are plants with thin tube like leaves and large root mass. Carex comosa (Bearded Sedge) has broad leaves and Scirpus atrovirens ... |
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| The Paleoceanography of the Bering Sea During the Last Glacial Cycle |
FEB 2006 |
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| Authors:
Mea S. Cook; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| In this thesis, I present high-resolution stable-isotope and planktonic-fauna records from Bering Sea sediment cores, spanning the time period from 50,000 years ago to the present. During Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3) at 30-20 ky BP (kiloyears before present) in a core from 1467 m water depth near Umnak Plateau, there were episodic occurrences of diagenetic carbonate minerals with very low deltaC13 (-22.4%0), high deltaO18 (6.5%0), and high [Mg]/[Ca], which ... |
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| Morphology of Gas Bubbles in Mud: A Microcomputed Tomographic Evaluation |
JUL 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Allen H. Reed; Bernard P. Boudreau; Chris Algar; Yoko Furukawa; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Free gas in surficial sediments commonly forms gas bubbles that attenuate and dampen acoustic waves, influence slope stability, and contribute to greenhouse gas concentrations. Therefore, determining the mechanisms that control bubble shape, size, growth, and migration is important to acoustic sediment characterization and other disciplines. Previously, gas bubble shape, size, and distribution was quantified using "low-resolution" (~500 micron) medical computed tomography (CT). Recently, "high-resolution" (to 30 microns. In several MR ... |
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| Bubble Growth and Rise in Soft Sediments |
JUN 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard P. Boudreau; Chris Algar; Bruce D. Johnson; Ian Croudace; Allen Reed; Yoke Furukawa; Kelley M. Dorgan; Peter A. Jumars; Abraham S. Grader; Bruce S. Gardiner; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| The mechanics of uncemented soft sediments during bubble growth are not widely understood and no rheological model has found wide acceptance. We offer definitive evidence on the mode of bubble formation in the form of X-ray computed tomographic images and comparison with theory. Natural and injected bubbles in muddy cohesive sediments are shown to be highly eccentric oblate spheroids (disks) that grow either by fracturing the sediment or by reopening ... |
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| Coordinated, High-Resolution Studies of Hydrated Sediments |
05 MAY 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
J. F. Gettrust; W. T. Wood; R. Coffin; J. Pohlman; R. Pandey; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has been conducting coordinated investigations of marine gas hydrates based on precise co-location of both direct sediment cores and data from a deep-tow multichannel seismic system. The seismic instrument (known as the Deep Towed Acoustics/Geophysics System (DTAGS)) was developed by NRL to support detailed studies of deep-ocean marine sediments by towing both the seismic source (220Hz - 1kHz, 200 dB //1 square Pa @ 1m ... |
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| Atmospheric Absorption Parameters for Laser Propagation |
15 MAR 2005 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Laurence S. Rothman; SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| The ability of high-energy lasers to penetrate the terrestrial atmosphere without loss of energy or focus has been the primary focus of this project. The task developed here has been to improve the line positions, intensities, and air-broadened half-widths of water vapor, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane in the spectral regions of candidate high-energy lasers. This effort required acquisition of new high-resolution, high photometric accuracy spectroscopic data, as well ... |
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| Water Mist Suppression of Propane-Air Frames: Interpretation of Experimental Results |
10 MAR 2005 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Harsha K. Chelliah; Bradley A. Williams; James W. Fleming; NAVY TECHNOLOGY CENTER FOR SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY WASHINGTON DC
|
| We report a modeling study to understand the observed suppression behavior of 14-, 30-, and 42-um-diameter water drops on propane-air non-premixed counterflow flames. The model employed is a hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation for treating the interaction of drops and counterfiow non-premixed flames. For treatment of the propane chemical kinetics, a skeletal model was developed with validation against experimental non-premixed counterfiow flame extinction conditions and low pressure flame structure data for both ... |
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| Systematic Investigation of Bluff-Body Combustion Instability |
24 JAN 2005 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew G. Godfrey; Uri Vandsburger; Gene Cliff; AEROSOFT INC BLACKSBURG VA
|
| The objectives, work carried out and results obtained during a Phase 11 STTR project are reported. An capability for unsteady flows is added to a sensitivity tool which numerically solves the continuous sensitivity equations. A feedback control law is implemented to control numerically an acoustic instability, which is modeled by coupling pressure and velocity perturbations at an inflow boundary condition. Axi-symmetric simulations are presented for the burner both without methane ... |
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| New Catalysts for the Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents |
15 JAN 2005 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Donna A. Chen; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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| The chemistry of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), which is used as a simulant for organophosphorus nerve agents, is being studied on model systems consisting Ni and Cu nanoparticles supported on titania. On the small Ni particles and unannealed Ni films (50 monolayers), DMMP decomposes to produce CO and hydrogen as the main gaseous products, leaving atomic phosphorus on the surface. However, the reactivity of the large particles heated to 850 K ... |
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| Meso and Micro Scale Propulsion Concepts for Small Spacecraft |
24 DEC 2004 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Yetter; V. Yang; I. A. Aksay; F. L. Dryer; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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| A meso/micro-scale liquid propellant thruster was designed and developed for small spacecraft. Gas-phase combustion was stabilized in small combustion chambers (approx. 10-200 cu mm) using vortex flows. For liquid propellant steady-state operation, the propellant was injected directly into the chamber tangentially along the combustor wall. Heat feedback from the flame, once ignited, decomposed and gasified the liquid propellant. Although the propellant of interest was a HAN-based liquid propellant, initial studies ... |
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| Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine Injector Dynamics and Combustion Processes at Supercritical Conditions |
NOV 2004 |
251 pages |
| Authors:
Vigor Yang; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The present AFOSR project focuses on the theoretical modeling and numerical simulation of liquid-propellant rocket engine injector flow and combustion dynamics. Emphasis is placed on cryogenic propellants in both shear and swirl co-axial injectors at supercritical conditions. The formulation is based on the full conservation equations in three dimensions, and accommodates variable properties and finite-rate chemical kinetics. Full account is taken of various high-pressure phenomena such as thermodynamic non- idealities ... |
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| Volume and Surface Plasmas |
SEP 2004 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Biswa N. Ganguly; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Scaling of volume and surface dominated plasmas were quantified by electrical, microwave and optical measurements. The application of these plasma devices range from RF plasma processing, high flux atom production, plasma switch and plasma assisted combustion. |
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| Energy-Efficient Transient Plasma Ignition and Combustion |
15 APR 2004 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Martin Gundersen; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGAND ELECTROPHYSICS
|
| Transient plasma discharges utilizing short (30 to 100 nsec), spatially distributed streamers energized by pulsed power were investigated as a potential new method for flame ignition. Experimental results showed shorter ignition delay and pressure rise time (typically by a factor of 3 for methane- air mixtures), as well as higher maximum pressure compared to conventional spark ignition. In all cases significant modification of initial combustion chemistry appeared to be occurring, ... |
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| Ion Based High-Temperature Pressure Sensor |
2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey S. Zdenek; Ralph A. Anthenien; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| A high speed, durable, ion probe based pressure sensor is being investigated for use in pulse detonation engines. The environment encountered in such engines necessitates high temperature and durable (vibration resistant) devices. Traditional pressure sensors can be used, however thermal insulating materials must be used to protect the diaphragm. These materials dampen and reduce the pressure wave allowing for qualitative results only. An alternative pressure sensing method is investigated for ... |
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| Kinetics of Chemical Agents Destruction in Supercritical Water |
31 DEC 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Jefferson W. Tester; Patricia A. Sullivan; Jason M. Ploeger; Russell P. Lachance; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The work accomplishments during this project consist of five different studies conducted by three current PhD students in the laboratory. An experimental study of methylphosphonic acid (MPA) oxidation has been completed that includes macroscopic modeling of the overall global rate law for MPA oxidation in supercritical water (SCW) and for the major pathways in MPA oxidation. Additionally, an elementary reaction rate model for supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of MPA has ... |
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| Influence of Bond Energies on Catalytic Flame Inhibition: Implications for the Search for New Fire Suppressants |
19 DEC 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley A. Williams; James W. Fleming; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| We have conducted computational investigations of the conditions necessary for a substance to be an efficient flame suppressant. Of particular interest is identification of additional chemical elements, which might be expected to have promising suppression properties, particularly by catalytic scavenging of flame radicals. Bromine, sodium, and iron are used as examples of prototypical H + H, H + OH, and 0+ 0 scavenging cycles, respectively. For each element, a simplified ... |
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| Viscoelastic Properties of Alkoxy Silane-Epoxy Interpenetrating Networks |
NOV 2003 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Jensen; Steven H. McKnight; Giuseppe R. Palmese; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A model epoxy-silane interpenetrating network (IPN) was synthesized to simulate the molecular structure found at the fiber-matrix interphase. The Young's modulus (E) of the epoxy-silane IPN was determined% trough micromechanical analysis both quasi-statically and in the frequency domain. The epoxy-silane IPN was synthesized by diffusion of uncured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin and bis (p-aminocyclohexyl) methane (PACM) curing agent into spherical particles of condensed and crosslinked 3- ... |
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| Methane Hydrates DTAGS and Coring Cruise Off the Carolina Coast |
15 SEP 2003 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Warren T. Wood; Kenneth Grabowski; Richard B. Coffin; Dennis A. Lindwall; Stephen Theophanis; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| From June 16 to July 19,2002, NRL conducted a research cruise aboard the RIV Cape Hatteras out of Beaufort NC over the Cape Fear diapir and slide, and over the Blake Ridge diapir. High-resolution multichannel seismic data was acquired in all areas, and over the Blake Ridge diapir, a long baseline acoustic navigation system was used to colocate the seismic data with piston and gravity cores. Estimated accuracy of the ... |
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| NF-kappaB-Mediated Repression of GADD153/CHOP: A Role in Breast Cancer Initiation |
AUG 2003 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Harikrishna Nakshatri; INDIANA UNIV-PURDUE UNIV AT INDIANAPOLIS
|
| Cells exposed to stresses such as nutrient deprivation, bypoxia, ultraviolet light and environmental toxicants that damage DNA or disrupt endoplasmic reticulum function show induced expression of GADDl53/CHOP, a pro- apoptotic C/EBP family transcription factor. Interestingly, cellular stress also induces the activity of the transcription factor NF-kB, which promotes cell survival by inducing transcription of anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, x-TAP, and c-IAP-2. GADDl53 mRNA expression was previously shown in ... |
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| High Thrust to Weight Bipropellant Reentry Vehicle Thrust Vector Control Thru Micro-Miniaturization |
23 JUL 2003 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Bill Figueiredo; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| These briefing charts represent a speech given by the author at the AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference held in Huntsville, Alabama, on 20-23 2003. The speech covered the following topics: the high thrust-to-weight ratios achievable through micro-miniaturization; the two candidate microthrusters that were investigated in this study (the MIT MEMS gas turbine bipropellant engine and the AFRL micronozzle); issues that diminish performance at reduced rocket engine lengths; effects of air drag ... |
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| DNA Base Excision Repair (BER) and Cancer Gene Therapy: Use of the Human N-mythlpurien DNA Glycosylase (MPG) to Sensitize Breast Cancer Cells to Low Dose Chemotherapy |
JUN 2003 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Tia Harvey; Mark R. Kelly; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| The DNA Base Excision Repair (PER) pathway is responsible for the repair of alkylation and oxidative DNA damage resulting in protection against the deleterious effects of endogenous and exogenous agents encountered on a daily basis. The first enzyme in the human DNA PER pathway, N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG), is the focus of this proposal. This enzyme is responsible for the removal of damaged bases from the DNA resulting in an ... |
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| Theory of Gas Adsorption in Carbon Nanostructures |
20 MAY 2003 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Milton W. Cole; Vincent H. Crespi; J. K. Johnson; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| This report is a brief summary of the results of studies conducted by faculty, students, and postdoctoral fellows at Pennsylvania State University (Department of Physics) and the University of Pittsburgh (Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering) on gas adsorption in carbon nanostructures. The principal research methods employed in these studies were analytical or numerical theory and computer simulation. In addition, successful collaborations with experimental scientists at these institutions and elsewhere ... |
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| First Principles Calculations of the Interaction of Nitro Compounds with the A1 (111) Surface |
07 MAY 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Jerry Boatz; Dan C. Sorescu; Donald L. Thompson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA SPACE AND MISSILE PROPULSION DIV
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| Improved Performance of Lean-Burn Combustion |
APR 2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
R. P. Lindstedt; J. H. Whitelaw; IMPERIAL COLL CONSULTANTS LTD LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The focus of the research described here is on establishing and controlling the causes of combustion instabilities in fuel lean combustion systems. The frequencies of the dominant instability modes are typically < 500 Hz and a comprehensive closure at second moment level, which accounts for the effects of persistent non-gradient transport in a consistent manner, has been applied to compute the combusting flow characteristics in the plane duct configuration of ... |
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| VENTFLUX2: Single Channel Seismics, Piston Coring, and CTD Casts Associated with Gas Hydrates Offshore Vancouver Island. Report of Cruise PG01- 003 C.C.G. Vessel John P. Tully, 23 July-12 August 2001. Volume 1: Opeations |
08 FEB 2003 |
125 pages |
| Authors:
George Spence; Johanna Hoehne; Richard B. Coffin; Roy Hyndman; Robert MacDonald; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Cruise PGC00-003 was a collaborative experiment between the University of Victoria, the Geological Survey of Canada, and the Naval Re- search Laboratory. The program focused on seafloor vents that may be sites of significant fluid and methane flux. There were six sites with different indicators of fluid flow selected for this cruise: (1) Bullseye vent: hydrate had been recovered in this region in four piston cores collected during the 2000 ... |
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| The Growth of Bamboo-Structured Carbon Tubes Using a Copper Catalyst |
2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
B. L. Farmer; D. M. Holmes; L. J. Vandeperre; R. J. Steam; W. J. Clegg; CAMBRIDGE UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM) DEPT OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| Catalytic decomposition of methane has been used to grow bamboo-structured carbon tubes at temperatures ranging from 1233 K to 1291 K. No tube growth was observed at temperatures less than 1233 K, whilst above 1291 K pyrocarbon was the dominant product. It is shown that the average size of the copper catalyst particles was influenced by the reaction temperature, with the reciprocal of the maximum size of the copper particle ... |
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| Growth of Carbon Nanofibers on Electroless Ni-P Alloy Catalyst |
2003 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
T. K. Tsai; W. L. Liu; S. H. Hsieh; W. J. Chen; NATIONAL HUWEI INST OF TECHNOLOGY (TAIWAN) DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown by electroless Ni-P plated on silicon substrate in a microwave heating chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system with methane gas at 700 deg. C. The CNTs grown on Ni-P catalyst showed random orientation and small diameter around 15-30 nm. Field emission test results indicated that the Ni-P catalyzed-CNTs exhibited excellent field emission properties. The turn-on field was about 0.56 V/micrometer with an emission current density 10 ... |
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| NF-kappaB-Mediated Repression of GADD153/CHOP: A Role in Breast Cancer Initiation |
AUG 2002 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Harikrishna Nakshatri; Hui L. Chua; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| Factors that control initiation of breast cancer are largely unknown. Mammary epithelial cells usually have a limited life span, which is governed by a balance between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic proteins. Imbalance in the expression level of these proteins, particularly pro-survival factors, is believed to promote immortalization and transformation of mammary epithelial cells. The transcription factor NF-%B can alter the ratio between pro-survival and pro- apoptotic proteins as it can induce ... |
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| Formation and Structural Transitions of 3D Coulomb Crystals in Dusty Plasmas |
24 JUN 2002 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Yasuaki Hayashi; KYOTO INST OF TECH (JAPAN)
|
| 3D Coulomb crystals were formed in dusty plasmas using smaller fine particles growing in a methane/argon plasma. The structures were confirmed to be bct, fcc and hcp. The process of the structural transition from bct to fcc was analyzed and it was found that the transition occurred by the slip of crystal planes of bct(110) which are parallel to the fcc( 111) planes. The direction of the slip was bct110 ... |
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| Improved Gas Turbine Performance |
FEB 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
J. H. Whitelaw; IMPERIAL COLL OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY ANDMEDICINE LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The three main findings of the research of this contract were the identification of combustion oscillations caused by high strain rates and consequent near-periodic extinction and relight, the effect of oscillations on emissions of nitrous oxides, and the quantification of the extent to which the amplitude of the oscillations could be reduced by practically acceptable methods. In addition, consideration has been given to the development of calculation methods to represent ... |
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| Fiber Optic Raman Spectroscopy for Detection of Methane Hydrates and Related Species |
19 DEC 2001 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Sean J. Hart; Robert A. Lamontagne; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMICAL DYNAMICS AND DIAGNOSTICS BRANCH
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| A capillary waveguide fiber optic probe system has been constructed which is capable of rapidly collecting Raman spectra of organic compounds in water. It consists of a dual fiber optic probe coupled to a capillary waveguide designed to increase the volume of sample interrogated by the excitation light. A Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm is used to generate Raman scatter at the sample in the capillary which is transmitted ... |
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| Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy of Adhesively Bonded Joints |
NOV 2001 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
Rajesh K. Tiwari; Mohan Balan; Patricia Stumpff; Som R. Soni; Jovan Mijovic; ADTECH SYSTEMS RESEARCH INC BEAVER CREEK OH
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| Molecular aspects of chemical and physical changes in adhesively bonded joints caused by absorbed moisture were investigated. The focus was on the pre-damage stage that precedes the formation of voids and microcracks. Dielectric relaxation spectroscopy was used as a non-destructive tool to characterize he molecular level changes in the adhesive when exposed to hygrothermal environments. Three adhesive types, a commercial epoxy-amine formulation (FM73U), a model epoxy formulation consisting of diglycidyl ... |
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| Analysis and Design Tools for Combustion Instabilities |
30 SEP 2001 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew G. Godfrey; Uri Vandsburger; Jeff Borggaard; AEROSOFT INC BLACKSBURG VA
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| Computational analysis of flow through a model combustor is completed using several commercial CFD packages. Both global and reduce-order models prove ineffective for this gas-turbine applicaion. These models exhibit signifloant stiffness or require numerical damping of product concentrations. The existenoe of a CH4+M reaction is critical to the performanoe of any methane/air chemistry model. A 12-specie model based on a set of elementary reactions is found to perform well. The ... |
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| Physical and Chemical Processes in Flames |
19 JUN 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Chung K. Law; PRINCETON UNIV NJ DEPT OF AEROSPACE AND MECHANICAL SCIENCES
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| The objectives of the present program are to develop detailed and simplified chemical kinetics model for hydrocarbon combustion, and to understand and quantify the dynamics of flames. During the reporting period progress were made in the following projects: (1) Laminar flame speeds of mixtures of ethylene and n-butane were studied. Results suggest the dominant influence of the adiabatic flame temperature in assessing the mixture flame speed. (2) A theory of ... |
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| Stabilization and Blowout of Gaseous- and Spray-Jet Flames |
19 JUN 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin M. Lyons; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| A research program to focus on experimental work in lifted flames (gaseous and spray) has been initiated. In particular, the group is interested in the similarities of spray and gaseous lifted-flame structures, similarities and differences in apparent stabilization phenomena, the role of mixing in each and blowout phenomena. Discussed in this report are the details of experimental findings in gaseous combustion and proposed experiments primarily in spray combustion and how ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
METHANE
