| Workload Analysis of the Crew of the Abrams V2 SEP: Phase I Baseline IMPRINT Model |
Sep-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Diane K Mitchell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
 | Using the Improved Performance Research Integration Tool (IMPRINT), the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) Human Research and Engineering Directorate, (HRED) analysts developed a model to represent the tasks performed by each member of the Abrams version 2 with System Enhancement Package (V2 SEP) crew. They then used this model to predict the mental workload of the crew and its impacts on the performance of the crew of the Abrams V2 ... |
|
| An Activity-Driven Model for an Interactional Notion of Context |
Jun-2009 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
Hong-Siang Teo; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Prior research in context-awareness has largely been dominated by a positivist notion of context. While this notion of context is sufficient for well-defined and focused applications, it suffers from two main shortcomings. First, it fails to consider context as a dynamic construct that arises from a user's interactions. Second, it lacks enough consideration for the role of the human actor in context-awareness. As a result, it is inadequate for dealing ... |
|
| Knowledge Centric Warfare: An Introduction |
25-Mar-2009 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B Sofge; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| On 15 January 2009, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS) published his Concept for Joint Operations, calling it the most fundamental of all US military concepts while signaling an expansion of and shift in focus within in the military domain. Knowledge Centric Warfare, an evolutionary step beyond Network Centric Warfare, provides a conceptual underpinning to propel this fundamental shift in the joint force. Built upon the philosophical ... |
|
| Integration of Faith and Profession |
Mar-2009 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Dale A Holland; Lee E DeRemer; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Faith and the human spirit are important elements in the profession of arms and worthy of any strategic leader's attention and study. Spiritual readiness, unlike physical or mental readiness, is often ignored for fear of First Amendment violations. America's founding fathers intended to prevent the government from establishing any single denomination or religion, but never intended the absence of religious activity from individuals who serve in government to include the ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 10, December 2008 |
Dec-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven K Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In the U.S. Military Health System (MHS), traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as traumatically induced structural injury and/or physiological disruption of brain function as a result of an external force that is indicated by new onset or worsening of at least one of the following clinical signs, immediately following the event: any period of loss of or decreased level of consciousness; any loss of memory for events immediately before ... |
|
| Filling the Toolkits: The Case for a Joint Military Advisor Training Course |
31-Oct-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
James E Buchman; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Military advisors, a vital part of the geographic combatant commander's overall theater plan, produce impacts at all three levels of warfare. Their challenging duties are influenced by many factors, both within and outside of the individual's span of control. Thus, it is imperative that advisor personnel be provided all the tools necessary to succeed, which is accomplished primarily via pre-deployment training. Unfortunately, the current separate approaches the Services take to ... |
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| Leadership in the Era of the Human Singularity: New Demands, New Skills, New Response |
Oct-2008 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Barton Kunstler; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA CENTER FOR STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP
|
| The human singularity refers to the integration of technology into the human body so that levels of mental acuity and physical ability eclipse all previous known levels. Because of the unique character of these enhanced human specimens, they will represent a singularity in human history, something unique and to which a new set of laws may well apply. A broad front of converging core technologies, such as nanotechnology, bioengineering, supercomputing, ... |
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| Agent-based Approaches to Dynamic Team Simulation |
01-Sep-2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Lewis; Katia Sycara; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA
|
| The Office of Naval Research (ONR) has recently funded the Personnel Integration of Selection, Classification, Evaluations, and Surveys (PISCES) effort. One of the products of the PISCES effort involves creating a virtual environment to enable team simulations. This report defines the capabilities required to develop Test Simulator (TESTOR), an experimental agent-based virtual simulation for a distributed team. These capabilities are organized around the technologies of agent-based approaches, simulation, and optimization ... |
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| A US Army Reserve (USAR) Noncommissioned Officer (NCO) Tacit Knowledge Inventory: Flexible Structure for Squad-Level Leader Self-Development |
01-Jun-2008 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Teresa Z Taylor; Linda Higley; David Grabarczyk; Lincea Ruth; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ARLINGTON VA
|
| Because the development of adaptive leaders is a top priority for the U.S. Army, the Army continuously seeks ways to improve its leader development programs. One way is by sponsoring research programs aimed at finding strategies to enhance leader competencies by examining the degree to which knowledge, particularly tacit knowledge (TK), contributes to a leader's effectiveness. TK is informal knowledge (not taught in institutions), accrued during the experience of operational ... |
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| Theory to Strategy: War Insight for the Strategic Soldier |
22-May-2008 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Luis A Fregoso; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| Improvements in technology worldwide have amplified the impact strategic lieutenants and strategic corporals have on strategic matters. These Strategic Soldiers and their respective leaders must not only be aware of their potential influence in a war environment, they must learn how to harness this ability in support of their nation's war strategy. For this reason, investing in war theory and strategy education for potential Strategic Soldiers is imperative for a ... |
|
| Cortical-Cortical Interactions And Sensory Information Processing in Autism |
30-Apr-2008 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Tommerdahl; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| There are two specific aims or categories of deliverables to be accomplished as tasks in this DoD sponsored research: The first specific aim is the hardware design and fabrication of a portable tactile diagnostic stimulator that can be used for the assessment of the cerebral cortical health of neurologically compromised subjects in particular, those subjects with autism. The second specific aim is the development of tactile discriminative protocols that will ... |
|
| Leading Strategic Leader Teams |
25 MAR 2008 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Willard M. Burleson; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Strategic leaders of the 21st Century face the daunting task of operating and making decisions in a world consisting of exponential population growth, competition over scarce resources, world-wide economic interdependence, technological innovation, and omni-present and changing dissemination of knowledge and information. Although only 1 to 2 percent of the Army's senior leaders will attain a command position of strategic leadership, they are assisted by others, not only by teams specifically ... |
|
| Strategic Military Leaders - Leading Tomorrow |
29 FEB 2008 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Ng W. Kit; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The global environment is volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous. In the military, where leaders have to deal with the unforeseen and where men are demanded to die if necessary to fulfill their tasks, strategic military leadership remains the most baffling of the arts. Four key leadership competencies stand out. We need strategic leaders who are good at doing the right things and doing things right leaders who have the mental ... |
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| The Well of Fortitude |
26-Feb-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Schiller; J L II; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
 | The Well of Fortitude (WoF), introduced by Lieutenant Colonel Dave Grossman in his book On Killing: The Psychological Cost of Learning to Kill in War and Society, is the spark of a greater concept that needs to be taken further. The WoF serves as the metaphor for self-development and the development of subordinates. Grossman articulates, emotional stamina on the battlefield [is] a finite resource... [under stress] each man draws steadily ... |
|
| Automated Feedback and Situation Awareness in Net-Centric C3 |
FEB 2008 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
John S. Barnett; Jennifer M. Ross; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ARLINGTON VA
|
| The goal of net-centric warfare (NCW) is to give soldiers an information advantage that leads to a war-fighting advantage. However, NCW systems are quite complex and dynamic, characteristics which can lead to impaired situation awareness (SA) and increased mental workload. It has been suggested that an automated alerting system would help Soldiers focus their attention on mission critical events. This series of experiments investigated how automated audio-visual alerts affect user ... |
|
| The Application of Conceptual Models to Ecosystem Restoration |
FEB 2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Craig Fischenich; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| In its report to the Chief of Engineers, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Environmental Advisory Board (EAB) recommended that (USACE, EAB 2006): The Corps should encourage the explicit use of conceptual models to guide ecosystem restoration planning and implementation. Conceptual models should be required as a first step in the planning process, as they provide a key link between early planning (e.g., an effective statement of problem, need, ... |
|
| Preparing for the Worst: Psychological Excellence of First Responders - A Katrina Lessons Learned Study |
JAN 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Younho Seong; Sherry Springs; Yongchul Chung; Regina Avery-Epps; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO
|
| Hurricane Katrina was the most destructive natural disaster in U.S. history. The nation was in shock and many governmental officers and administrators as well as American taxpayers cannot help but wonder what could be done to ensure better preparation as a nation for the next formidable disaster. In fact, there have been several official lessons learned reports and the findings and recommendations from these reports of the response to Hurricane ... |
|
| Developing Adaptive Leaders, A Cultural Imperative |
17 DEC 2007 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas S. Mulbury; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The Army initiated transformation as a response to the demands and requirements of the 21st Century operational environment. One of the key factors of this new operational environment is the nature of our adversaries often described as asymmetric. Asymmetric adversaries pose unique challenges to the Army and exhibit the ability to very rapidly make changes and adapt to our operations. Because of this the ability of Army leaders to be ... |
|
| Tactical Plan Generation Software for Maritime Interdiction Using Conceptual Blending Theory |
DEC 2007 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Kian M. T. Tan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This paper describes a plan generation software for maritime interdiction tactical operation using conceptual blending theory (CBT) and software blending mechanism. CBT explains how human think using mental spaces and mental operators. This paper uses CBT to model Boyd's Observation- Orientation- Decision-Act Loop Theory, a mental process used by military commanders to make decision. Bio-inspired operators are used to monitor cues from the real world Expert's experiences were captured using ... |
|
| Neurobehavioral Toxicity Assessment |
SEP 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Karl Friedl; Stephen Grate; Susan Proctor; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY PERFORMANCE DIV
|
| Information on the mental status of Soldiers is vital to their management in future deployments to prevent acute performance deficits and post-deployment health consequences such as chronic multisymptom illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases. The military needs a parsimonious set of reliable neurosychological tests that (1) provide early detection of individual impairment and (2) predict occupational and deployment health risks. Testing must characterize cognitive lapses and mood changes in healthy individuals faced ... |
|
| Self-reported Adverse Health Events Following Smallpox Vaccination in a Large Prospective Study of US Military Service Members |
27-Aug-2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Besa Smith; Tyler C Smith; Margaret A Ryan; Isabel G Jacobson; Timothy S Wells; Cynthia A LeardMann; Robert J Reed; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| In December 2002, the Department of Defense re-instituted smallpox vaccination for US military forces following growing concerns that smallpox might be employed as a bioterrorist weapon. More than one million service members have been given the smallpox vaccine since 2002, although there have been concerns about the safety of the vaccine. Using Millennium Cohort study data, this prospective analysis investigated a wide variety of self-reported health outcomes and possible association ... |
|
| Investigating the Use of Color in Timeline Displays |
AUG 2007 |
|
| Authors:
M. L. Cummings; C. Tsonis; J. Xing; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The use of color-coding in human supervisory control displays such as those found in air traffic control is a design intervention meant to mitigate task complexity and reduce mental workload. Color has been shown to aid operators in search and organization tasks; however, it can also cause cognitive tunneling and add to task complexity. This paper details the results from an experiment designed to evaluate increasing color categories in an ... |
|
| The Effects of Workload Presented via Visual and Auditory Displays on Soldier Shooting and Secondary Task Performance |
AUG 2007 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
David R. Scribner; Patrick H. Wiley; William H. Harper; Troy D. Kelley; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The dismounted warrior will be enabled with dominant situational understanding. The information that a Soldier needs will be provided through a wearable command, control, communication, computing, and intelligence system that will provide enhanced communication, navigation, weapon-sensor connectivity, and other data access features. If such a system is not designed to allow optimal Soldier-system performance, then it is conceivable that the mental overburden could result in decreased Soldier survivability and lethality. ... |
|
| Human Performance Optimization: An Evolving Charge to the Department of Defense |
01-Jun-2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Karl Friedl; Patricia A Deuster; Francis G O'Connor; Kurt A Henry; Valerie E Martindale; Laura Talbot; Wayne Jonas; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF MILITARY AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
|
| Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences hosted a conference in June 2006 entitled Human Performance Optimization in the Department of Defense: Charting a Course for the Future with the goal of developing a strategic plan for human performance optimization (HPO) within the Department of Defense (DoD). The conference identified key issues; (1) advocating for HPO at all DoD levels, (2) defining HPO specific to DoD requirements, (3) developing valid ... |
|
| Deductive Sensemaking Principles Using Personal Constructs of the Field Commanders |
JUN 2007 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Celestine A. Ntuen; Dennis Leedom; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO INST FOR HUMAN-MACHINE STUDIES
|
| The virtue of defining and measuring the commander's performance solely on their "knowledge in their heads" has become an important part of reconstructing battlefield sensemaking process. It is assumed that the expert commander constructs diverse and asynchronous sensemaking models when confronted with asymmetric situations-evolving and changing dynamics of the battlefield information. This personal construct systems are not static-they are confirmed when patterns of old information match the current situational goal, ... |
|
| Resource Utilisation and Situational Awareness in a Computer Simulated Decision Task: A Pilot Study |
08 MAY 2007 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Nick Valentine; Alexander Wearing; Mary Omodei; LA TROBE UNIV VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA)
|
| Achieving control of dynamic and complex situations is always challenging involving as it does the management of cognitive resources. It has been proposed that one of the leading causes of error in such dynamic environments is a generalised tendency to attempt to use more task resources than one?s cognitive capacity can sustain, termed the overutilisation of resources bias "Omodei, Wearing, McLennan & Hansen, 2001". The aim of the present study ... |
|
| US Army Cultural Obstacles to Transformational Leadership |
30-Mar-2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Peggy C Combs; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The premium on tomorrow's battlefield will be the ability to quickly analyze a situation and come up with innovative solutions. The speed at which events occur and their complexity will require leaders with agile minds who can think through a problem logically, [determine] a viable course of action, and translate that concept into clear, simple language to his subordinates. Although these words sound like a direct lift of the current ... |
|
| A Project Manager's Personal Attributes as Predictors for Success |
MAR 2007 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Vhance V. Valencia; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The purpose of this research was to determine what personal attributes project managers (PMs) possess that lead them to project management success. Numerous attributes are identified in the literature through a variety of methods, but very few studies relate specific qualities to success. The traits identified in the literature were compiled and condensed into seven distinct skills and attributes: leadership ability, communication skills, decision-making skills, administrative skills, coping ability, analytical ... |
|
| Effects of Visual, Auditory, and Tactile Navigation Cues on Navigation Performance, Situation Awareness, and Mental Workload |
FEB 2007 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley M. Davis; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| Two experiments were conducted to assess the effects of navigation display modality on navigation performance, situation awareness, mental workload, and modality preference. Directional cues to a series of waypoints were provided visually, aurally, and tactilely in the within-subjects design. Each experiment was performed in a virtual environment by U.S. Army Soldiers, 14 in the first experiment, 18 in the second experiment. Results from both experiments indicate that augmented visual displays ... |
|
| Capturing and Categorizing Mental Models of Food Webs using QCM |
2007 |
|
| Authors:
Morteza Dehghani; Sara Unsworth; Andrew Lovett; Kenneth D. Forbus; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| This paper examines the use of qualitative representations in modeling the similarities and differences in causal reasoning for biological kinds between Menominee Native Americans and US majority culture. Qualitative Concept Maps are used for modeling and analyzing transcripts of interviews conducted with these groups. The individual models are used to construct generalizations for the groups, which are tested both by inspection and by creating a classifier to distinguish models from ... |
|
| Compensating for Incomplete Domain Knowledge |
2007 |
|
| Authors:
Lynn M. Scott; Steve Drezner; Rachel Rue; Jesse Reyes; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Preparing senior leaders to take charge of organizations in functional domains in which they have limited operational or functional experience is an important issue for the Air Force. Ideally, all senior leaders are fully qualified for their positions, but, for a number of reasons, this is not always possible. First, many senior leader positions require experience in more than one functional or operational domain, but it is difficult to develop ... |
|
| Chemotherapy Agents and the Inhibition of Neuronal Birthing in the Brain - The Cause of Chemo Brain |
NOV 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Gross; ROCHESTER UNIV NY
|
| Patients undergoing chemotherapy can experience a decline in cognitive abilities. While well described from a clinical perspective, little is known of the neurological substrate for this difficulty, commonly known as chemo brain. We hypothesize that the cognitive difficulties experienced by patients undergoing chemotherapy are the result of impaired neurogenesis, especially in the hippocampus. We further hypothesize that agents that do not cross the blood-brain barrier will not show reduced rates ... |
|
| Human Problem Solving - An Extension of Newell and Simon's Paradigm |
31 OCT 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Zygmunt Pizlo; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES
|
| Several psychophysical studies on human problem solving were performed. These studies involved the following problems: the Traveling Salesman Problem, the 15-puzzle and variants of this puzzle with different sizes, and finally, the TSP with obstacles. All these problems are difficult combinatorial problems and are considered intractable. However, human subjects were found to produce near-optimal solutions very quickly. For all these problems, a pyramid algorithm was used as a model of ... |
|
| Maintaining Our Priorities: Transforming a Force for the Counterinsurgency War |
10 OCT 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Doug Langenberg; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The military is continuously evaluating the measures of effectiveness of its actions against the highly adaptive insurgent. Because this war is not fought on the traditional battlefield, and is instead waged in a population, there is a need to prioritize efforts toward strengthening the civil-military connection. Leveraging indigenous military forces will serve to both narrow the divide with this population and will relieve the strain on the U.S. military. A ... |
|
| Lightweight In-Plane Actuated Deformable Mirrors for Space Telescopes |
SEP 2006 |
239 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Shepherd; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research focused on lightweight, in-plane actuated, deformable mirrors, with the ultimate goal of developing a 20- meter light gathering aperture for space telescopes. The 0.127 meter diameter deformable mirror small scale testbed was modelled in ?nite elements using MSC.Nastran software and then used as a basis for a quasi-static controller. Experi- mental tracking of Zernike tip, tilt, and defocus modes was accomplished. The analytical solutions to plate-membrane and beam-string ... |
|
| Application of Avatars in Display Design to Support Spatial Awareness under Varying Workload Conditions |
SEP 2006 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitrios Myttas; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Human performance in spatial orientation tasks is mainly determined by spatial awareness and the skills to transition from the current spatial attitude into the desired spatial orientation and position. Erroneous spatial awareness may lead to degraded task performance, to the loss of equipment, to serious injuries, or fatal aviation mishaps. The use of UAVs is considered beneficial due to the reduction in risk to the human carrying out the mission. ... |
|
| The Role of TSC Proteins in Regulating Cell Adhesion and Motility |
SEP 2006 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Vera P. Krymskaya; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| The goal of this project was to define the molecular signaling mechanisms by which TSCI and TSC2 proteins regulate cell adhesion and motility as it relates to the genetic disorder tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). The pathogenesis of TSC that develops due to the loss-of-function of tumor suppressors TSCI and TSC2 proteins represents an extremely complex and not fully understood interplay of deregulated cell functions. The neurological manifestations of TSC are ... |
|
| Measuring Situational Awareness through Analysis of Communications: A Preliminary Exercise |
JUN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Shawn A. Weil; Kathleen M. Carley; Jana Diesner; Jared Freeman; Nancy J. Cooke; APTIMA INC WOBURN MA
|
| Network centric warfare promises to increase information sharing and allow distribution of decision making. This will improve military effectiveness, but only if the situational awareness (SA) of warfighters is correctly aligned. Modern natural language processing techniques, such as Network Text Analysis (Carley, 1993), are designed to infer the cognitive states of individuals and groups engaged in cognitive collaboration and measure group SA by exploiting data on the information that team ... |
|
| An Assessment of Commuting Risk Factors for Air Traffic Control Specialists |
JUN 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
T. Nesthus; C. Cruz; C. Hackworth; A. Boquet; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Risk factors for sleepiness-related vehicle accidents have included, among others, time of accident, type of roadway, distance traveled, and reduced alertness. This study assessed risk factors for commuting incidents reported by air traffic controllers driving to and from work. Analyses were conducted on responses to a modified version of the Standard Shiftwork Index survey regarding alertness, commuting variables (i.e., number of miles and roadway types), and driving outcomes (i.e., lapses ... |
|
| An Interactionalist Analysis of Soldier Retention across Career Stages and Time |
APR 2006 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Gilad Chen; Robert E. Ployhart; TEXAS A AND M UNIV COLLEGE STATION
|
| Ever since the Army became an All-Volunteer force, it has become critical to understand the factors influencing Soldiers' retention decisions. While the Army can implement short-term solutions to problems resulting from turnover (e.g., increasing recruitment efforts), a long-term solution requires an understanding of the dynamics driving the current levels of attrition. The authors propose an integrative, interactional model of retention, with links among general cognitive ability, situational variables (i.e., work ... |
|
| The Making of a Great Captain |
APR 2006 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Theodore G. Weibel; AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| Classifying people as Great Captains is largely a subjective endeavor. What attributes, accomplishments, positions attained or battles won make one person a Great Captain and the other person something less? Herein lies the dilemma, because for ages academics have argued about what criteria should be included in such a judgement. This paper examines the hypothesis that Great Captains are a product of their families, are highly educated from an early ... |
|
| Human Factors in Industrial and Consumer Products and Services |
24 MAR 2006 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
GRONINGEN RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT (NETHERLANDS) DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The Final Proceedings for Human Factors in Industrial and Consumer Products and Services 26 October 2005 - 28 October 2005. The conference focused on: Human Factors in Industrial and Consumer Products and Services. The following themes were addressed: User centered design usability and accessibility; user requirements; user mental models; biomechanical modeling; simulation and intelligent agents; Transportation; Space and aviation; Telecommunication and web applications; Consumer products; and Customer care and services. ... |
|
| Managing the Disruptiveness of Interruptions |
09 MAR 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Erik M. Altmann; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| Task interruptions are pervasive in shipboard and other task environments of interest to the Navy. This report summarizes three years of experimental work examining the cognitive processes involved in the warning interval immediately prior to an interruption (in the moments between an alert, like the phone ringing, and the interruption proper, like the conversation with the caller), and immediately after an interruption, when the operator has to resume the interrupted ... |
|
| Team Mental Model and Team Behavior as a Function of Interface Modality |
MAR 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce S. Sterling; Chuck H. Perala; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This experiment examined the relationship among team mental models, requesting or providing information, and teamwork behavior. Previous studies have suggested that similar mental models among team members lead to information and action being provided before they are requested, thus facilitating teamwork behavior such as communication, coordination, performance monitoring and backup, and adaptation. In this experiment, U.S. Army second lieutenants were presented with field scenario vignettes and asked to complete a ... |
|
| The Role of TSC1 in the Formation and Maintenance of Excitatory Synapses |
MAR 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Bernardo L. Sabatini; HARVARD UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| Tuberous Sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by benign tumors of many organs. The majority of TSC patients are identified as children and most have neurological symptoms including mental retardation and epilepsy. Although it is known that TSC results from mutations in either the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, the pathogenesis of the neurological disorder is unclear. One possibility, inspired by gross pathological findings, is that the presence ... |
|
| Ablation Study in a Capillary Sustained Discharge |
2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Keidar; Iain D. Boyd; Anthony Williams; Richard Beyer; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| Electrothermal-chemical (ETC) ignition systems have been demonstrated in gun systems to provide desirable characteristics including reproducible shorter ignition delays. The optimum combination of capillary tube and fuse wire properties has not been identified yet. We present a combined theoretical and experimental study of the capillary discharge with an aim to develop a capillary plasma source with efficient energy conversion. The major emphasis in the present capillary discharge model is the ... |
|
| Implications of Conation for Design: Presentation/Briefing |
08 DEC 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST
|
|
| Chemotherapy Agents and the Inhibition of Neuronal Birthing in the Brain - The Cause of "Chemo Brain" |
NOV 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Gross; ROCHESTER UNIV NY
|
| Patients undergoing chemotherapy can experience a decline in cognitive abilities. While well described from a clinical perspective, little is known of the neurological substrate for this difficulty, commonly known as 'chemo brain.' We hypothesize that the cognitive difficulties experienced by patients undergoing chemotherapy are the result of impaired neurogenesis, especially in the hippocampus. We further hypothesize that agents that do not cross the blood-brain barrier will not show reduced rates ... |
|
| Using Team Communication to Understand Team Cognition in Distributed vs. Co-Located Mission Environments |
31 OCT 2005 |
109 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy J. Cooke; Jamie C. Gorman; Preston A. Kiekel; Peter Foltz; Melanie Martin; ARIZONA STATE UNIV EAST MESA AZ
|
| This report documents a 30-month effort sponsored by the Office of Naval Research that refined, applied and evaluated methods for analyzing the communication flow and content surrounding collaboration. The methods include four measures of communication content based on Latent Semantic Analysis and five methods that extract patterns in communication flow. Communication analysis methods were applied to the communication data from two studies in the context of a three-person Unmanned Aerial ... |
|
| Training Adaptable Leaders: Lessons from Research and Practice |
OCT 2005 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Rose A. Mueller-Hanson; Susan S. White; David W. Dorsey; Elaine D. Pulakos; PERSONNEL DECISIONS RESEARCH INST INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| In the post 9/11 environment and the subsequent Global War on Terrorism, the need for adaptable leaders in the military is increasingly apparent. The development of adaptive leaders has become a high priority for the Army; however, current research and practice related to adaptability is still in its infancy. The purpose of this paper is to summarize current theory and research related to developing adaptable leaders. A discussion of the ... |
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MENTAL ABILITY
