| Pesticide Spill Prevention and Management |
Aug-2009 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES PEST MANAGEMENT BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
 | Practically all DoD facilities routinely do pest control operations. The magnitude of these operations depends largely on the size of the facility and whether the work is contracted or done in-house. Both dilute and concentrated pesticides are used. Use of these chemicals involves handling, storage, application and disposal of various pesticides. Most bases/installations use a wide variety of pesticides ranging from those that are practically nontoxic for mammals to those ... |
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| Biochemical Characterisation of TSC1 and TSC2 Variants Identified in Patients with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex |
Jul-2009 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Nellist; ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER ROTTERDAM (NETHERLANDS)
|
| The key findings of the project during the research period (23/1/09 - 31/7/09) are as follows: 1. Derivation and testing of 31 unclassified TSC2 variants: 16 classified as pathogenic; 7 classified as neutral; 8 still unclassified/analysis not complete. 2. Derivation of 12 unclassified TSC1 variants: 3 classified as pathogenic; 7 classified as neutral; 2 still unclassified/analysis not complete. 3. Improved assay cost, throughput and reproducibility. 4. Idenbtification of variants with ... |
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| Marine Mammal Acoustic Monitoring and Habitat Investigation, Southern California Offshore Region |
Jun-2009 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
John Hildebrand; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| This report summarizes work conducted in FY2007-FY2008 to conduct marine mammal monitoring and habitat investigations in the southern California offshore region. The report describes marine mammal monitoring results during quarterly cruises, and models how physical and biological oceanographic conditions affect marine mammal habitat. Additionally, progress with constructing automatic detection and classification algorithms for acoustic monitoring of marine mammals is summarized, as is work on finite element modeling of acoustic propagation ... |
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| Cruise Report for the April 2009 Gulf of Alaska Line- Transect Survey (GOALS) in the Navy Training Exercise Area |
Jun-2009 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
John Calambokidis; Brenda K Rone; Annie B Douglas; Phil Clapham; Anthony Martinez; Laura J Morse; NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION MIAMI FL SOUTHEAST FISHERIES SCIENCE CENTER
|
| The United States Navy, which maintains a maritime training area in the central Gulf of Alaska (GoA), funded a vessel-based line-transect survey during April 2009 to determine marine mammal species distribution and abundance in the training area. The survey cruise employed multiple observation techniques, including visual and passive acoustic observations, as well as photographic identifications. Results of the survey are presented in this document. During the survey cruise, fin whales ... |
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| Acoustic and Visual Monitoring for Cetaceans Along the Outer Washington Coast |
01-Mar-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
John Calambokidis; Greg Schorr; Erin Falcone; Erin M Oleson; John A Hildebrand; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA
|
| Since July 2004, visual and acoustic monitoring efforts for marine mammals have been conducted in waters off the outer Washington coast. These efforts have been specifically to determine the seasonal occurrence of marine mammal species and to estimate their relative abundances, particularly in the area of the proposed expansion of the U.S. Navy's Quinault Underwater Tracking Range (QUTR) of the Northwest Range Complex. This has resulted in the first multi-year, ... |
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| Assessing Potential Sites for Undersea Warfare Training Ranges: The Effects of Active Sonars on Marine Mammals |
28-Oct-2008 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Yadira V Gilchrest; Thomas N Fetherston; Bert E Neales; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER DIV NEWPORT RI
|
| The U.S. Navy is preparing a draft environmental impact statement/overseas environmental impact statement (DEIS/OEIS) for what will be the proposed site for an undersea warfare training range (USWTR). The DEIS includes an assessment of the effects of Navy active acoustic sonars on marine mammals during range exercises as required by the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA). The Naval Undersea Warfare Center Division, Newport, RI, has assessed four sites: Jacksonville, FL; ... |
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| A Comprehensive Web-Based Library of Marine Biological Sounds |
07-Jul-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jack W Bradbury; CORNELL LAB OF ORNITHOLOGY ITHACA NY MACAULAY LIBRARY
|
| This project funded the creation of the world's largest online reference collection of marine animal sounds at the Macaulay Library (Cornell Lab of Ornithology). Over a 6 year period, 5700 audio clips (1200 hours) of marine mammal and fish sound recordings were digitized, documented in an extensive metadata base, and made available for free online playback. Users can search the collection using a variety of criteria and either play back ... |
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| Dredged Material Analysis Tools; Performance of Acute and Chronic Sediment Toxicity Methods |
APR 2008 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery Steevens; Alan Kennedy; Daniel Farrar; Cory McNemar; Mark R. Reiss; Roy K. Kropp; Jon Doi; Todd Bridges; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| This report and research were supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers New York District and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 2. The work was conducted to provide insight into the potential advantages and disadvantages of using chrome semi toxicity tests with relevant benthic micro invertebrates as part of dredged material evaluations, as described in the Inland and Ocean Testing Mammals (USEPA/USACE 1991, 1998). Nine sediments collected from the ... |
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| Role of CDK4 in Breast Development and Cancer |
APR 2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Haritha Reddy; TEMPLE UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Cdk4 is an important regulator of GI/S cell cycle progression in mammalian cells. In humans the Cdk4 gene is amplified in 16% of sporadic breast tumors. In mice the loss of Cdk4 affects the development of the mammary glands. Our studies to determine the role of Cdk4 in Neu Wnt-1 and Ras-induced breast tumorigenesis indicated that the absence of Cdk4 impairs Neu and Ras-induced mammary tumorigenesis but not that induced ... |
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| Ambient Noise Measurements in Mississippi Sound |
21 MAR 2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Joal J. Newcomb; Steve Stanic; Alexandra Cranford; Delphine Vanderpool; Mobashir A. Solangi; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| During the spring, summer, and fall of 2004, underwater ambient noise measurements were conducted in the Mississippi Sound. The Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center (NRL--Stennis) and the Institute for Marine Mammal Studies (IMMS) collaborated in acquiring acoustic ambient noise data at eight (8) sites in the Mississippi Sound. The sites were chosen to represent sites of expected high anthropomorphic noise sources and a control site with few or no ... |
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| NOPP: Circulation, Cross-Shelf Exchange, Sea Ice, and Marine Mammal Habitats on the Alaska Beaufort Sea Shelf |
Jan-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Ron Kwok; Thomas Weingartner; Ben Holt; Robert Pickart; Al Plueddemann; Susan Moore; Kate Stafford; ALASKA UNIV FAIRBANKS INST OF MARINE SCIENCE
|
| Our long-term goals are to understand how the physical oceanography, sea-ice dynamics, and marine mammal utilization of arctic shelves will change in response to a diminishing ice cover. We thus seek to understand better the wind-forced response of the shelf and shelfbreak and the cross-shelf exchange of mass, materials, and momentum. These responses will likely affect the use of arctic shelves by marine mammals. We are applying several recently developed ... |
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| Physiological and Biochemical Neuroprotection in Cetaceans: Are Some Marine Mammal Species Safeguarded from Emboli Formation and Barotrauma? |
Jan-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Terrie M Williams; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA CRUZ LONG MARINE LAB
|
| The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the susceptibility of critical tissues in cetaceans to acoustically mediated trauma from emboli formation. By investigating tissue and whole animal mechanisms we intend to identify possible physiological/environmental factors that would allow for lipid/gas mobilization and concomitant tissue damage at depth. If successful, the results of this project will enable the development of environmentally sensitive schedules for oceanic acoustic activities by identifying ... |
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| Prey Fields and Habitat of Deep Divers: 3D Characterization and Modeling of Beaked and Sperm Whale Foraging Areas |
Jan-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas P St Nowacek; Louis Laurent; David J Moretti; Patrick N Halpin; DUKE UNIV BEAUFORT NC MARINE LAB
|
| The physical and biological characteristics of the areas inhabited by deep diving odontocetes are poorly understood. Our long term goals are: i) to measure and characterize the biomass in areas and at depths inhabited by beaked and sperm whales; ii) to measure and characterize the physics of these environments; iii) to assemble the characteristics measured (i) and (ii) into a depth integrated, 3- dimensional habitat model; the model will include ... |
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| Remote Monitoring of Dolphins and Whales in the High Naval Activity Areas in Hawaiian Waters |
Jan-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Whitlow W Au; HAWAII INST OF MARINE BIOLOGY KANEOHE
|
| The axiom that knowledge is power applies directly to the problems experienced by the U.S. Navy in encountering dolphins and whales. If the Navy had more knowledge of the what, where, when and why of marine mammals in a given body of water, encounters between Naval vessels and marine mammals could be reduced or avoided all together. However, the cost of negative encounters is disproportionately high in terms of negative ... |
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| Auditory Weighting Functions and Frequency-Dependent Effects of Sound in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops Truncatus) |
Jan-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
James J Finneran; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER PACIFIC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The long term goal of this effort is to develop meaningful auditory weighting functions for marine mammals. These weighting functions would improve assessments of the effects of anthropogenic sound by emphasizing frequencies to which animals are most sensitive and de-emphasizing those to which they are not. The objective of this effort is to develop auditory weighting functions for bottlenose dolphins with normal hearing and high-frequency hearing loss. The weighting functions ... |
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| Cumulative and Synergistic Effects of Physical, Biological, and Acoustic Signals on Marine Mammal Habitat Use (PSU) |
Jan-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A Nystuen; Jennifer L Miksis-Olds; APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORY STATE COLLEGE PA
|
| The main objective of this work is to relate synoptic measurements of prey distribution, physical oceanographic process, and sound levels to cetacean habitat use in the Bering Sea. Integrated data such as these will be vital in understanding the relationship between cetaceans and their environment both in the presence and absence of specific noise sources. Long-term measurements will play an important role in determining the point at which cumulative effects ... |
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| Assessment of Acoustic Adaptations for Noise Compensation in Marine Mammals |
Jan-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Susan E Parks; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK APPLIED RESEARCH LAB
|
| The proposed research will address the fundamental theoretical issue of noise compensation mechanisms in the vocal communication of marine mammals. Noise compensation mechanisms are important for improving signal transmission with an energy limited source. A better understanding of marine mammal noise compensation mechanisms can potentially provide effective means of improving signal transmission in a noisy marine environment and for assessing the impact of manmade sounds on the use of sound ... |
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| Yersinia pestis YopD 150-287 Fragment is Partially Unfolded in the Native State |
17 NOV 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald Raab; Wieslaw Swietnicki; JAMES MADISON UNIV HARRISONBURG VA
|
| Yersinia pestis is a human and animal pathogen uses the type III secretion system (TTSS) for delivering virulence factors and effectors into the host cells. The system is conserved in animal pathogens and is hypothesized to deliver the virulence factors directly from bacterial to mammalian cells through a pore composed of YopB and YopD translocation proteins. The YopB and YopD effector proteins must be delivered first to form a functional ... |
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| Marine Mammal Acoustic Monitoring and Habitat Investigation, Southern California Offshore Region |
NOV 2007 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
John Hildebrand; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| The echolocation clicks of five dolphin species found off southern California are described and the use of clicks for species classification is investigated. Spectral and temporal properties are analyzed for the echolocation clicks from short-beaked common, long-beaked common, Risso's, Pacific white-sided and bottlenose dolphins. Two of the species exhibit unique spectral peaks and notches when the complete click is analyzed. A nested ANOVA analysis indicates that spectral peaks and notches ... |
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| Biocompatible and Biomimetic Self-Assembly of Functional |
03 OCT 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey Brinker; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE DEPT OF CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
|
| Understand cell-directed assembly and use it to direct the formation of new bio/nano interfaces and unique cellular behaviors -Investigated the inclusion of multiple amphipathic components to control and tailor interfacial structures and functions -Created new interfaces by incorporating non-native functional proteins to yield new functionalities Extend cell-directed assembly to immobilize various cell types -Encapsulated several new cell lines, including mammalian cells, in nano-structured hosts; investigated the evolving nano-structure and bio/nano ... |
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| Continued Development of the SEAMAP Data Archive |
SEP 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Ben Best; Patrick Halpin; Andrew Read; DUKE UNIV BEAUFORT NC MARINE LAB
|
| Environmental laws and public concern require that the U.S. Navy conduct operations and training such that impacts to marine mammals are minimized and any adverse impacts mitigated. To that end, an archive of marine mammal distribution and movements is needed. The digital geo-referenced data archive known as Spatial Ecological Analysis of Megavertebrate Animal Populations (SEAMAP) is the world s largest public archive of marine mammal, seabird, and sea turtle observations. ... |
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| Bacillus Anthracis Spores of the bclA Mutant Exhibit Increased Adherence to Epithelial Cells, Fibroblasts, and Endothelial Cells but not to Macrophages |
SEP 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jorl Bozue; Krishna L. Moody; Christopher K. Cote; Bradley G. Stiles; Arthur M. Friedlander; Susan L. Welkos; Martha L. Hale; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD DIV OF TOXINOLOGY AND AEROBIOLOGY
|
| Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, and the spore form of the bacterium represents the infectious particle introduced into a host. The spore is surrounded by an exosporium, a loose-fitting membrane composed of proteins and carbohydrates from which hair-like projections extend. These projections are composed mainly of BclA (Bacillus-collagen-like protein of B. anthracis). To date, exact roles of the exosporium structure and BclA protein remain undetermined. We examined ... |
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| Environmentally Induced Gene Silencing in Breast Cancer |
JUL 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Mitchell Turker; OREGON HEALTH SCIENCES UNIV PORTLAND
|
| The main goal of the study was to test the hypothesis that a reduction in gene expression (i.e. gene repression) could induce gene silencing (i.e. relatively stable loss of gene expression) in breast cells. Silencing of a variety of tumor suppressor genes plays a major role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer and our ultimate goal is to determine if environmentally induced gene repression plays a role as ... |
|
| Anthrax |
JUL 2007 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory D. Gutke; Richard J. Thomas; AIR FORCE INST FOR OPERATIONAL HEALTH BROOKS CITY-BASE TX RISK ANALYSIS DIRECTORATE
|
| Overview article on Anthrax to include prevention, epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment for medical providers for the upcoming textbook "The 5-Minute Clinical Consult 2009." Anthrax is a highly infectious disease of animals especially ruminants (hooved animals such as cows goats sheep etc.) that is caused by the bacteria Bacillus anthracis. Cutaneous (95% of US cases) inhalational and gastrointestinal forms can be transmitted to man by contact with the animals or ... |
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| Extensible 3D (X3D) Graphics for Visualizing Marine Mammal Reaction to Underwater Sound on the Southern California ASW Range (SOAR) |
JUN 2007 |
128 pages |
| Authors:
Stephanie Thompson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| U.S. Navy use of sonar is essential for national defense, but its potential impacts on marine mammals are not well understood. Predictive models have been developed, but the need still exists for modeling actual marine mammal reaction during Navy exercises. The goal of this thesis is to develop a tool that can assimilate data collected from on-range exercises for visualizing and quantifying marine mammal reactions to underwater sound. In this ... |
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| In Utero Exposure to Cadmium, Mammary Gland Development, and Breast Cancer Risk |
MAY 2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer D. Webster; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| In utero exposures to estrogen or estrogen mimics such may alter later breast cancer risk. Some of these estrogen-responsive pathways utilized during fetal development, are re-employed at times of tissue remodeling or wound healing during adulthood. These signal transduction systems effect proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis which in turn may affect later breast cancer risk. The heavy metal cadmium potently binds to and activates the estrogen receptor, having a half life ... |
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| Function of p53 in Regulation of TSC Mutant Cell Apoptosis |
MAY 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Hun-Liang Guan; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| TSC1 and TSC2 are tumor suppressor genes that are mutated in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Mutation in either TSC1 or TSC2 results in a constitutively activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) therefore promoting cell growth. mTOR activity is regulated by intracellular signals including growth factors and cellular energy level. Energy starvation such as glucose deprivation inhibits mTOR activity via the activation of TSC2. We have observed that TSC cells ... |
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| The Role of BRCA1/BARD1 Heterodimers in the Mitosis-Interphase Transition |
MAY 2007 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Vladimir Joukov; DANA-FARBER CANCER INST BOSTON MA
|
| The study was aimed at exploiting the advantages of the Xenopus egg extract as a biochemically tractable in vitro cell cycle model system in order to elucidate the molecular function of the breast and ovarian tumor suppressor BRCA1 and its hetorodimerizing partner, BARD1. Experiments using both egg extracts and cultured mammalian cells revealed a previously unknown role of BRCA1/BARD1 in the mitotic spindle assembly. This BRCA1/BARD1 function is centrosome-independent, operates ... |
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| Role of CDK4 in Breast Development and Cancer |
01 APR 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Haritha Reddy; TEMPLE UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Cdk4 is an important regulator of G1/S cell cycle progression in mammalian cells. Loss of cdk4 in the mammary glands of mice results in abnormal development as evidenced by small fat pads and poor ductal branching. Deregulation of Ras signaling is seen in many cancers. The aim of this study is to determine the role of Cdk4 in Ras-induced breast tumorigenesis. Results presented in this study indicate that approximately 90% ... |
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| Intelligent Therapeutics and Metabolic Programming Through Tailormade, Ligand-Controlled RNA Switches |
05 FEB 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Christina D. Smolke; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA
|
| Cells employ sensor biomolecules to dynamically evaluate their environments and trigger appropriate metabolic responses. The ability to program cells with engineered molecules that sense structural and chemical events and translate these events to controlled cellular behavior is a critical technology for challenges present in medical research and biotechnology. Recent studies have demonstrated the prevalence and diversity of nucleic acids that function as sensors and regulators of gene expression. Recent efforts ... |
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| Comparative Analyses of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Structure, Function, and Evolution in Marine Mammals |
FEB 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Joy M. Lapseritis; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
 | Marine mammals possess high body burdens of persistent organic pollutants, including PCBs and dioxin-like compounds (DLC). Chronic environmental or dietary exposure to these chemicals can disrupt the function of reproductive and immune systems in laboratory animals. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor. mediating the expression of a suite of genes in response to exposure to DLC and structurally related chemicals. Species-specific differences in AHR structure can ... |
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| Physical, Nutrient, and Biological Measurements of Coastal Waters Off Central California in June/July 2006 |
FEB 2007 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas A. Rago; Reiko Michisaki; Baldo Marinovic; Marguerite Blum; Katherine Whitaker; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The results of analyses of hydrographic, nutrient, and biological data collected in coastal ocean waters off Central California in June/July 2006 aboard the NOAA Ship McArthur-II are presented in both tabular and graphical form. The cruise departed from San Francisco, California, then proceeded from Moss Landing, California, to Point Reyes, California, following CalCOFI line 67 to station 90, thence to CalCOFI line 60/station 90, and finally along CalCOFI line 60. ... |
|
| NOPP: Circulation, Cross-Shelf Exchange, Sea Ice, and Marine Mammal Habitats on the Alaska Beaufort Sea Shelf |
01-Jan-2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Ron Kwok; Thomas Weingartner; Ben Holt; Robert Pickart; Al Plueddemann; Susan Moore; Kate Stafford; ALASKA UNIV FAIRBANKS INST OF MARINE SCIENCE
|
| Our long-term goal is to understand how the circulation, stratification, sea-ice dynamics, and marine mammal utilization of arctic shelves will change in response to a diminishing ice cover. We thus seek to understand better the wind-forced response of the shelf and the shelfbreak, and the cross-shelf exchange of mass, materials, and momentum. These responses will likely affect the use of arctic shelves by marine mammals. Our study is applying a ... |
|
| Basic Hearing and Echolocation Mechanisms of Marine Mammals: Measured Auditory Evoked Potential and Behavioral Experiments FY 2007 |
Jan-2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E Nachtigall; HAWAII INST OF MARINE BIOLOGY KAILUA HI MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH PROGRAM
|
| Marine Mammal sensory systems have evolved to effectively use acoustic energy in the oceans. My objectives are to develop a basic understanding of hearing and echolocation so that knowledge can then be applied to the solution of practical problems as they arise. The most basic hearing measurement is the audiogram which is a series of thresholds across frequencies. Of the 85 species of cetaceans we now have audiograms on 14 ... |
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| Energy Transfer to Upper Trophic Levels on a Small Offshore Bank |
Jan-2007 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Lewis S Incze; David M Fields; Scott D Kraus; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MAINE PORTLAND
|
| The primary goal of our research is to understand mechanisms that lead to highly focused feeding patterns of upper trophic level predators near offshore topographic features such as banks and ridges. These mechanisms likely differ from feature to feature and over time, but probably involve a limited number of key prey species, behaviors, and physical processes. Understanding the conditions and processes that generate feeding hotspots is essential to understanding their ... |
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| Auditory Evoked Potentials for the Evaluation of Hearing Sensitivity in Navy Dolphins. Assessment of Hearing Sensitivity in Adult Male Elephant Seals |
DEC 2006 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Dorian S. Houser; BIOMIMETICA SANTEE CA
|
| A custom auditory evoked potential (AEP) system was used to assess the feasibility of rapidly testing the hearing of bottlenose dolphins by tracking the magnitude of the envelope following response (EFR). Tests were conducted in-air (N=4) and on submerged dolphins (N=3) for which behavioral audiograms had been obtained in San Diego Bay or a quiet above ground pool. For in-air AEP measurements, differences between AEP and pool behavioral thresholds increased ... |
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| The Role of CRELD1 Isoform 9b in the Pathogenesis of Breast Cancer |
OCT 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Cheryl L. Maslen; OREGON UNIV PORTLAND
|
| The goal is to develop a mouse model that expresses isoform 9b in mammary tissues, and to determine if CRELD1-9b causes or predisposes the mice to develop breast tumors, or participates in cancer progression. Scope: This study will determine if expression of CRELD1-9b contributes to the cause and/or progression of breast cancer. Information from this study will be used to better understand the relationship of CRELD1-9b to breast cancer tumor ... |
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| A Chorus of Whales: Evaluation of Sequential and Batch Approaches to Time-Series Tracking |
Sep-2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Stefano Coraluppi; Odile Gerard; Walter Zimmer; Peter Willett; NATO UNDERSEA RESEARCH CENTRE LA SPEZIA (ITALY)
|
| This paper applies target-tracking technology to a novel application: the processing of mammal vocalizations or clicks, with the goal of identifying the number of marine mammals in a surveillance region. This problem has direct application to marine mammal mitigation efforts in the context of active sonar operations. |
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| Effects of Extracellular Matix on DNA Repair in Vivo |
SEP 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Aylin Rizki; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| DNA damage in the form of double-strand breaks is caused by exposure to endogenous factors as well as in response to radiation therapy in breast cancer patients. Double-strand breaks can be repaired by homologous recombination or nonhomologous end joining pathways, both of which can lead to error-prone repair. Errors in repair lead to accumulation of mutations that may accelerate the process of tumorigenesis and malignant transformation. Apart from cell cycle ... |
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| Identification of the Downstream Promoter Targets of Smad Tumor Suppressors in Human Breast Cancer Cells |
01 JUL 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Xuedong Liu; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
|
| Members of TGF-beta superfamily ligands are potent regulators of cell proliferation, differentiation and animal development. The biological effects of these ligands are mediated mainly through activation of the Smad family protein which serves as transcription factors to regulate gene expression. We analyzed the cis-regulatory elements that are responsible for conveying TGF-BETA/Activin responses at the genomic levels. Activin A and TGF-BETA transcriptional responses in immortalized normal human mammary epithelial cells were ... |
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| Restoration of Epithelial Polarity in Metastatic Tumors |
JUL 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Sergei Sokol; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| Malignant properties of breast cancer cells are known to depend on their altered polarity and adhesion properties. LGL genes function by controlling normal epithelial polarity and suppressing tumors in the fruit fly. The LGL proteins were also proposed to decrease the frequency of epithelial tumor formation in mammals. To test this idea, we monitored LGL expression in epithelial cells undergoing malignant transformation to correlate it with increased cell motility and ... |
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| Mini-Tn7 Insertion in Bacteria With Multiple glmS-Linked attTn7 Sites: Example Burkholderia Mallei ATCC 23344 |
27 JUN 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Kyoung-Hee Choi; David DeShazer; Herbert P. Schweizer; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| We recently constructed a series of broad-range mini-Tn7 vectors to address some of the problems inherent to plasmid-based cloning systems such as multi-copy state, necessity for continued selection and scarcity for many bacteria. The potential of the mini-Tn7 vectors for finding wide-spread biomedical and environmental applications, particularly for analysis of complex systems such as animal and biofilm models was demonstrated. In the presence of a helper plasmid encoding the site-specific ... |
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| Development of a Cytochrome C Oxidase-Based Sensor for Monitoring Respiration and Metabolism |
JUN 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Fred M. Hawkridge; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Electrodes modified with bilayers that incorporate cytochrome C oxidase (CCO) the terminal enzyme in mammalian respiration will be studied as biosensors for cyanide. This CCO modified electrode has an architecture that exhibits robust response behavior and stability that mimics the in vivo behavior of this enzyme. These CCO modified electrodes remain active on storage in buffer can withstand exposure to temperatures as extreme as 8OoO (I 76oF) and have a ... |
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| Genomic Patterns of Pathogen Evolution Revealed by Comparison of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the Causative Agent of Melioidosis, to Avirulent Burkholderia thailandensis |
26 MAY 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Yiting Yu; H. S. Kim; Hui H. Chua; Chi H. Lin; Siew H. Sim; Daoxun Lin; Alan Derr; Reinhard Engels; David DeShazer; Bruce Birren; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) is the causative agent of the human disease melioidosis. To understand the evolutionary mechanisms contributing to Bp virulence, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of Bp K96243 and B. thailandensis (Bt) E264, a closely related but avirulent relative. RESULTS: We found the Bp and Bt genomes to be broadly similar, comprising two highly syntenic chromosomes with comparable numbers of coding regions (CDs), protein family ... |
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| Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Organochlorines & PD Risk: A Case Control Study in Alaska |
MAY 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Caroline M. Tanner; PARKINSONS INST SUNNYVALE CA
|
| The intent of this research is to conduct a case control study of Parkinson's Disease (PD) among Alaska Natives to determine the association of exposure to polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) residues, organochlorine pesticides and methylmercury with PD. The hypothesis is that increased exposure to these compounds will be associated with an increased risk of PD. Exposure will be determine by direct measurement of serum levels, as these compounds are persistent in ... |
|
| Involvement of 53BP1, a p53 Binding Protein, in Chk2 Phosphyorylation of p53 and DNA Damage Cell Cycle Checkpoints |
MAY 2006 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Bin Wang; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| 53BP1, a p53 binding protein, is involved in DNA damage response. It is phosphorylated in response to DNA damage and rapidly relocalize to sites of damage, forming nuclear foci that colocalize with those formed by phosphorylated histone H2AX, Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 complex, MDC1, Brca1 and other DNA damage signaling proteins. Our studies aimed to determine the role of 53BP1 in DNA damage response and tumor suppression. We studied the function of 53BP1 ... |
|
| Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins: c-Fos Protein Expression in the Brain of Killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus |
21 APR 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Salierno; N. S. Snyder; A. Z. Murphy; M. Poli; S. Hall; D. Baden; A. S. Kane; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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| The immediate early gene c-fos, and its protein product c-Fos, are known to be induced in neurons of mammals and fish as a result of neuronal stimulation. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine CNS alterations in killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, in relation to harmful algal bloom (HAB) toxin exposure. c-Fos expression was visualized using immunocytochemistry in the brains of killifish exposed to the excitatory neurotoxins domoic acid (DA) ... |
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| Molecular Targets for Organophosphates in the Central Nervous System |
APR 2006 |
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| Authors:
Edson X. Albuquerque; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE
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| This project was a major effort to determine the effects of low-level exposure to the nerve agents sarin, soman, and VX in the mammalian CNS. Actions on synaptic transmission and neuronal cell death were assessed. Studies gave us clues to the mechanism of action of the agents, particularly in regard to cognitive function in humans that could be exposed to nerve agents in a chemical warfare attack. Reversible cholinesterase (ChE) ... |
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| Scanning the Human Genome for Novel Therapeutic Targets for Breast Cancer |
APR 2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Greg J. Hannon; COLD SPRING HARBOR LAB NY
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| The broad goal of this project was to develop genome-wide RNAi approaches in mammals and to apply these to the discovery of new therapeutic targets for cancer. Specifically, we have generated and continue to build a library of short hairpin RNA expression constructs (shRNA) that will ultimately correspond to every gene in the human and mouse genomes. These are presently available as a public resource and used internally to screen ... |
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| Paired-End Sequence Mapping Detects Extensive Genomic Rearrangement and Translocation During Divergence of Francisella tularensis Subspecies Tularensis and Francisella tularensis Subspecies holarctica Populations |
30 MAR 2006 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Michael P. Dempsey; Joseph Nietfeldt; Jaques Ravel; Steven Hinrichs; Robert Crawford; Andrew K. Benson; NEBRASKA UNIV MEDICAL CENTER OMAHA
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| Franciscella tularensis is a non-motile, Gram-negative coccobacillus originally isolated from ground squirrels in 1911 during a plague investigation in Tulare County, CA [1]. The geographic distribution of the organism spans the entire Northern Hemisphere, with only a very recent isolated recovery of the organism occurring in the Southern Hemisphere [2, 3]. The organism is a facultative intracellular pathogen and is believed to affect more animal species than any other known ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
MAMMALS
