| Accountability for Information Flow via Explicit Formal Proof |
Oct-2009 |
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| Authors:
Frank Pfenning; Peter Lee; Lujo Bauer; Michael K Reiter; Brian Witten; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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 | Logical techniques have been developed that capture both authorization and information flow requirements in security applications. These logical techniques achieve a significantly higher degree of end-to-end accountability in distributed systems than is currently possible. Furthermore, a case study has shown that these techniques are applicable to security policies that are relevant to the needs of the intelligence community while providing much greater flexibility in security policy specification. A prototype implementation ... |
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| War's Second Grammar |
Oct-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Echevarria; Antulio J II; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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 | With the publication of FM 3-24/MCWP 3-33.5, Counterinsurgency, the U.S. military officially embraced a second grammar of war. As an official statement of counterinsurgency doctrine, these manuals have received their share of criticism and praise, neither of which will be repeated here. Instead, the purpose of this opinion piece is to suggest that, no matter how different war's second grammar is from its first, it is still a grammar. To ... |
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| Survey of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Systems |
Jul-2009 |
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| Authors:
Kerry Trentelman; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA)
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| As part of the information fusion task we wish to automatically fuse information derived from the text extraction process with data from a structured knowledge base. This process will involve resolving, aggregating, integrating and abstracting information - via the methodologies of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning - into a single comprehensive description of an individual or event. This report surveys the key principles underlying research in the field of Knowledge Representation ... |
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| Protecting Identifiers in Cross-Domain Environments |
Jun-2009 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Sam Chamberlain; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Unique identification of objects and their associated data representations have received significant attention in the past 10 years. Developing an efficient identifier allocation and tracking scheme that transparently spans security domains requires finesse. It is not uncommon for information to be created in a lower security domain and copied to a higher domain. The rigor by which the data is maintained varies widely, as does the resulting difficulty in maintaining ... |
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| More Than Just Plan, Prepare, Execute, and Assess: Enhancing the Operations Process by Integrating the Design and Effects-Based Approaches |
May-2009 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Bill A Papanastasiou; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| The aim of this monograph is to conduct an evaluation of the two most predominant experimental theoretical constructs -- Effects-Based Approach to Operations (EBAO) and Design -- and confront the challenge of integrating practical elements of the two constructs into the cyclic operations process: plan, prepare, execute, and assess. The research finds that these two alternative conceptual approaches to operational thought -- EBAO and Design -- have irreconcilable differences. Whereas ... |
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| Understanding the Form, Function, and Logic of Clandestine Cellular Networks: The First Step in Effective Counternetwork Operations |
Apr-2009 |
118 pages |
| Authors:
Derek Jones; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| Since the events of September 11, 2001, U.S. military counternetwork operations, theory, and doctrine have failed to account for the form, function, and logic of clandestine cellular networks used by interstate insurgencies, such as those in Iraq and Afghanistan, and global insurgencies, like al Qaeda and its associated movements. The failure to understand the form, function, and logic of clandestine cellular networks has led to the incorrect application of counternetwork ... |
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| Hybrid Control Systems: Design and Analysis for Aerospace Applications |
28-Feb-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew R Teel; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| The objective of this research was to contribute to the fundamental understanding of hybrid control systems and to explore the use of hybrid feedback in problems of interest to the Air Force. We aimed to provide a solid, foundational understanding of hybrid systems that will enable the vast potential of hybrid control to be realized. On the analysis side, we investigated the implications of different hybrid semantics, the simulation of ... |
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| The Logic of the Nuclear Arsenal |
Jan-2009 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Adam Lowther; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL AIR FORCE RESEARCH INST
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| With the historic election of Barack Obama, the United States is likely to see an equally historic review of nuclear weapons policy. In 2009 alone, the new administration will undertake a nuclear posture review (NPR), expected in early 2010, and oversee the expiration or renegotiation of the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START), which expires 5 Dec 2009. Mr. Obama also will be responsible for ensuring compliance with obligations in the ... |
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| SOA-Based Optical Logic Circuit Development and Demonstration |
30-Sep-2008 |
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| Authors:
Erich P Ippen; Leslie A Kolodziejski; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
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| In this program, we investigated the fabrication and optical characterization of a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) designed for telecommunication applications using ultrafast (> 100Gbits/s) optical logic. The basic components in the PIC are active components, such as semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), integrated with passive, light-routing waveguides. Optical switching is accomplished by embedding the amplifiers within the arms of Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), whereas power splitting of propagating signals is carried out ... |
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| Prioritization Taxonomy and Logic for Network-Centric Operations |
01-Jun-2008 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Scott M Galster; Brian P Donnelly; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| The effects of network-centric operations would be degraded if not for inherent human or machine sensemaking capabilities. Without knowing the situation or understanding the actors and their disposition and intent, deciding and executing the most appropriate response is a futile activity. Collecting data and creating track information to resolve the intent and disposition of disparate actors is only possible by having an integrated intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) network of ... |
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| Planning Beyond Tactics: Towards a Military Application of the Philosophy of Design in the Formulation of Strategy |
22-May-2008 |
114 pages |
| Authors:
Edward P Hayward; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| The recognition of the failure at the strategic and operational levels of war during the Global War on Terrorism, specifically in Iraq, has resulted in a quest for intellectual solutions to complex operational and strategic problems. To date this has resulted in a tacit acknowledgment that the Military Decision Making Process (MDMP) is not equipped to tackle ill-defined problems and that a complementary approach is required. This monograph does not ... |
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| Probabilistic Ontologies for Multi-INT Fusion |
21-May-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Kathryn B Laskey; Paulo C Costa; Terry Janssen; GEORGE MASON UNIV FAIRFAX VA CENTER FOR EXCELLENCE IN COMMAND CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS COMPUTERS - INTELLIGENCE
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| Systems are increasingly required to fuse data from geographically dispersed, heterogeneous information sources to produce up-to-date, mission-relevant results. These products focus not only on traditional military forces and systems, but to an increasing degree also on non-traditional combatants and their social networks. Successful multi-INT fusion requires that the constituent systems interoperate not just at the level of syntax and formats, but also at the level of semantics. Ontologies are vital ... |
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| Interactive Planning for Capability Driven Air & Space Operations |
30 APR 2008 |
204 pages |
| Authors:
Abbas K. Zaidi; Alexander H. Levis; GEORGE MASON UNIV FAIRFAX VA SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE LAB
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| The report describes the progress made, during the reporting period (March 01, 2005 to Aug. 31, 2006), on research conducted to develop approaches for capability driven planning, and to identify/develop methodologies and tools to implement the approach. The report presents work on a temporal representational and reasoning formalism and its software implementation. It also presents findings on an examination of the need and nature of campaign of experimentation to explore ... |
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| Computing Differential Invariants of Hybrid Systems as Fixedpoints |
FEB 2008 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Andre Platzer; Edmund M. Clarke; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| We introduce a fixedpoint algorithm for verifying safety properties of hybrid systems with differential equations that have right-hand sides that are polynomials in the state variables. In order to verify non-trivial systems without solving their differential equations and without numerical errors, we use a continuous generalization of induction, for which our algorithm computes the required differential invariants. As a means for combining local differential invariants into global system invariants in ... |
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| Using Structured Knowledge Representation for Context-Sensitive Probabilistic Modeling |
Jan-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Nikita A Sakhanenko; George F Luger; NEW MEXICO UNIV ALBUQUERQUE DEPT OFCOMPUTER SCIENCE
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| We propose a context-sensitive probabilistic modeling system (COSMOS) that reasons about a complex, dynamic environment through a series of applications of smaller, knowledge-focused models representing contextually relevant information. COSMOS uses a failure-driven architecture to determine whether a context is supported and consequently whether the current model remains applicable. The individual models are specified through sets of structured, hierarchically organized probabilistic logic statements using transfer functions that are then mapped into ... |
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| Investigation of Quantum Computing With Laughlin Quasiparticles |
31 DEC 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
V. J. Goldman; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK RESEARCH FOUNDATION AT STONY BROOK OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
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| Laughlin quasiparticles of a gapped fractional quantum Hall (FQH) fluid, have been demonstrated to have fractional electric charge and anyonic braiding statistics. Topological computation with anyons has been proposed as the physical implementation of intrinsically fault-tolerant quantum computation (QC). Topological computation employs the statistical Berry phase created by the transfer of one anyon of the system around another to perform quantum logic. Since this phase is determined by the topological ... |
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| Distributed Autonomous Control of Multiple Spacecraft During Close Proximity Operations |
DEC 2007 |
281 pages |
| Authors:
Shawn B. McCamish; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This research contributes to multiple spacecraft control by developing an autonomous distributed control algorithm for close proximity operations of multiple spacecraft systems, including rendezvous and docking scenarios. The proposed control algorithm combines the efficiency of the Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) and the robust collision avoidance capability of the Artificial Potential Function (APF) method. The LQR control effort serves as the attractive force toward goal positions, while the APF-based repulsive functions ... |
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| Evolutionary Algorithm Based Automated Reverse Engineering and Defect Discovery |
21 SEP 2007 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
III Smith James F.; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
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| A data mining based procedure for automated reverse engineering and defect discovery has been developed. The data mining algorithm for reverse engineering uses a genetic program (GP) as a data mining function. A GP is an evolutionary algorithm that automatically evolves populations of computer programs or mathematical expressions, eventually selecting one that is optimal in the sense that it maximizes a fitness function. The system to be reverse engineered is ... |
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| Neural Dynamic Logic of Consciousness: The Knowledge Instinct |
07 SEP 2007 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Leonid I. Perlovsky; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| This report discusses the evolution of consciousness driven by the knowledge instinct, a fundamental mechanism of the mind which determines its higher cognitive functions and neural dynamics. We discuss mathematical difficulties encountered in the past attempts at modeling the mind and relate them to logic. Neural modeling fields and dynamic logic mathematically describe these mechanisms and relate their neural dynamics to the knowledge instinct. Dynamic logic overcomes past mathematical difficulties ... |
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| Predicting Host Level Reachability via Static Analysis of Routing Protocol Configuration |
SEP 2007 |
167 pages |
| Authors:
Jr McManus Stephen; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Static analysis refers to techniques that extract and check the semantics of a program entirely from examining its source code. In this case, router configuration files can be thought of as the source code of a distributed program whose execution determines the host level reachability of the network. Static analysis brings about new challenges. Unlike a regular computer program, router configuration commands hide the detailed logic of routing protocols. Completely ... |
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| Design and Simulation of a Programmable Memory/Multiplier Array Using G4-FET Technology |
JUL 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Jay B. Brockman; Peter M. Kogge; NOTRE DAME UNIV IN OFFICE OF RESEARCH
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| Field-programmable and mask-programmable gate arrays can greatly reduce the non-recurring costs of ASIC development by reusing both masks and physical design effort across many designs. The downside of gate arrays is that they result in suboptimal implementations in terms of area, speed, and power. In addition, there is very little flexibility in converting logic to memory or vice versa, a problem of increasing importance as memory-intensive applications gain in importance. ... |
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| Legitimacy and Reason: A Primer for Reduction of Tension between the Western and Arab-Islamic Worlds |
JUN 2007 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Mark D. Brown; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| This monograph attempts to define the underlying cause of today's tension between the Western and Arab-Islamic worlds, along with identification of existing similarities which can be utilized and exploited to bring about common understanding and peaceful resolution. The cause is determined to be differing perceptions of legitimacy. To develop a common understanding of why these differences exist, the monograph demonstrates the continuing applicability of classical Greek logic and reason as ... |
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| Suicide Bombers in CONUS |
07 MAY 2007 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Philip E. Kapusta; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
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| This monograph analyzes recent (post-1980) suicide bombings and determines the probability of such bombings occurring in the Continental United States (CONUS). The analysis includes a brief history of modern suicide bombing; an examination of the strategic, tactical, social, and individual logic of suicide bombing; a discussion of the probable characteristics of suicide bombings against the United States, both within CONUS and abroad; and recommendations about what can be done to ... |
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| Modular Machine Code Verification |
MAY 2007 |
183 pages |
| Authors:
Zhaozhong Ni; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Formally establishing safety properties of software presents a grand challenge to the computer science community. Producing proof-carrying code, i.e., machine code with machine-checkable specifications and proofs, is particularly difficult for system softwares written in low-level languages. One central problem is the lack of verification theories that can handle the expressive power of low-level code in a modular fashion. In particular, traditional type- and logic-based verification approaches have restrictions on either ... |
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| Modular Typestate Verification of Aliased Objects |
MAR 2007 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin Bierhoff; Jonathan Aldrich; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| A number of type systems have used typestates to specify and statically verify protocol compliance. Aliasing is a major challenge for these systems. This paper proposes a modular type system for a core object-oriented language that leverages linear logic for verifying compliance to more expressive protocol specifications than previously supported. The system improves reasoning about aliased objects by associating references with access permissions that systematically capture what aliases know about ... |
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| Control of Uncertain Systems under Constraints: Switching Horizon Predictive Control of Persistently Disturbed Input-Saturated Plants |
01 DEC 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Edoardo Mosca; FLORENCE UNIV (ITALY)
|
| In order to provide computationally affordable predictive control algorithms, predictive switching logic schemes are considered whereby a feedback-gain is switched-on at any time from a family of candidate feedback-gains so as to control a discrete-time input-saturated LTI system possibly subject to persistent bounded disturbances of unknown arbitrary magnitude. It is constructively shown that such schemes do exist which ensure, along with good tracking performance, global asymptotic and semi-global exponential stability ... |
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| Methods, Knowledge Support, and Experimental Tools for Modeling |
OCT 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Roger Brent; Larry Lok; MOLECULAR SCIENCES INST BERKELEY CA
|
| Our goal was to provide software and experimental abilities to support quantitative modeling of eukaryotic systems and thus to help enable new kinds of molecular logic. The most significant accomplishments were the development of two programs. One was a collaborative annotation, MONOD. MONOD embodied a number of genuinely novel ideas, particularly in the data structure, which constituted a middle ground between the highly structured relations of objects in a relational ... |
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| Cross-Cultural Cognition Multinational Project-The Second Rosetta Workshop Held in Taipei, Taiwan on 3-5 November 2005 |
27 SEP 2006 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL TAIWAN UNIV TAIPEI
|
| The primary purpose of the workshop was to discuss the findings collected in the first phase of the Rosetta project across four countries: USA, Korea, Japan, and Taiwan (please see Appendix 1 for the agenda of the workshop). A preliminary report of the findings was sent to all members prior to the workshop for the investigators to preview and provide feedback. The second objective was to discuss the future plan ... |
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| A GIS System for Inferring Subsurface Geology and Material Properties: Proof of Concept |
SEP 2006 |
98 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence W. Gatto; Michael V. Campbell; Judy Ehlen; Charles C. Ryerson; Lewis E. Hunter; Brian T. Tracy; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| This report describes the concept for a geographical information system (GIS) that can infer subsurface geology and material properties. The hypotheses were that a GIS can be programmed to 1) follow the fundamental logic sequence developed for traditional terrain- and image-analysis procedures to infer geologic materials; 2) augment that sequence with correlative geospatial data from a variety of sources; and 3) integrate the inferences and data to develop best-guess estimates. ... |
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| Enabling System Management through Process Modeling: The Australian Defence Force Recruiting System |
SEP 2006 |
182 pages |
| Authors:
Carrissa C. Ibbott; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY
|
| Defence Force Recruiting (DFR) is responsible for all ab initio recruitment of full-time and part-time Officer Appointees and General Entry Enlistees into the Australian Defence Force (ADF) to serve in the Australian Army, Navy or Air Force. Despite the merging of single-service selection systems into a tri-service system and the commercialization of significant components of ADF recruitment functions in 2001, recruiting achievement continues to be below the targeted levels essential ... |
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| KI-LEARN: Knowledge-Intensive Learning Methods for Knowledge-Rich/Data-Poor Domains |
31 AUG 2006 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas G. Dietterich; Angelo Restificar; Prasad Tadepalli; Bruce D'Ambrosio; Jon Herlocker; Alan Fern; Eric Altendorf; Sriraam Natarajan; Jianqiang Shen; Xinlong Bao; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS
|
| Knowledge Representation and Reasoning (KRR) has developed a wide range of methods for representing knowledge and reasoning from it to produce expert-level performance. Despite these accomplishments, there is one major problem preventing the wide-spread application of KRR technology: the inability to support learning. This makes KRR systems brittle and difficult to maintain. On the other hand, Machine Learning (ML) has developed a wide range of methods for learning from examples. ... |
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| Matter: Modular Adaptive Technology Targeting Efficient Reasoning |
JUL 2006 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Tomas Uribe; Charles Lieber; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| The objective of this effort was to investigate novel computer architectures to support machine learning, based on reconfigurable hardware and nanowire growth. The scope of this effort was to bring revolutionary architectural ideas together with application drivers that embody cognitive processing dimensions such as machine learning, large knowledge bases, information security and integrity, real-world reasoning, sensor integration and real time embedded systems. Conventional processing architectures are ill-suited to processing the ... |
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| An Analysis of Specware and Its Usefulness in the Verification of High Assurance Systems |
JUN 2006 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel P. DeCloss; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Formal verification is required for systems that require high assurance. Formal verification can require large and complex proofs that can drastically affect the development life cycle. Through the use of a verification system, such proofs can be managed and completed in an efficient manner. A verification system consists of a specification language that can express formal logic and an automated theorem tool that can be used to verify theorems and ... |
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| Some Thoughts on the Application of Military Theory to Information Operations and Network Centric Warfare |
JUN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Roland Heickero; SWEDISH DEFENCE RESEARCH AGENCY STOCKHOLM
|
| The transformation into a world based on communication and information leads to Information Operations (IO) becoming more important than ever. Thus, there is a need to develop new methodologies for successful IO that take into account the change towards network-enabling warfare capabilities. In a network-centric warfare approach it is important to understand the opponents' network structure and communication system and how they use these resources. Equally important is to understand ... |
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| The Continuing Utility of Phasing Constructs in Operational Planning |
25 MAY 2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Scott L. Taylor; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| Some Military Commanders have recently asserted that the nature of warfare in the current operating environment has changed in such a way that phasing in military operations has outlasted its utility and become problematic, requiring it to be eliminated or replaced. This monograph attempts to evaluate whether phasing in U.S. Military doctrine and operational design still has utility in planning military operations. Phasing has been utilized to assist U.S. Military ... |
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| PROxy Based Estimation (PROBE) for SQL |
MAY 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Rob Schoedel; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST
|
| This paper presents a method for applying the PROxy Based Estimation (PROBE) technique to Structured Query Language (SQL). Estimating program size is a critical component of successful software project effort estimation and cost estimation. The PROBE technique is a simple estimation method that can be used for estimating program size and effort. To date, PROBE has been used more often to estimate programs written in third-generation programming languages (3GL) such ... |
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| Planning, Execution, and Assessment of Effects-Based Operations (EBO) |
MAY 2006 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Lee W. Wagenhals; Levis Alex; Sajjad Haider; GEORGE MASON UNIV FAIRFAX VA CENTER OF EXCELLENCE IN COMMAND CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS AND INTELLIGENCE
|
| This is the final technical report of the contract entitled "Planning, Execution, and Assessment of Effects Based Operations" that was conducted by George Mason University between 1 May 2001 and 30 September 2005. The overall objective of the effort was to enhance and use a suite of modeling and simulation tools called Computer Aided Evaluation of System Architectures (CAESAR II/EB) to support the warfighter when planning, executing, and assessing Effects-Based ... |
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| Reasoning by Augmenting a Description Logic Reasoner (Phase 1) |
28 APR 2006 |
169 pages |
| Authors:
Peter F. Patel-Schneider; LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES MCLEANSVILLE NC
|
| This is the final report on the DARPA IPTO project Reasoning by Augmenting a Description Logic Reasoner (Phase I) contract HR0011-05-C-0094, providing information on the objectives or the program and how these objectives were addressed. The Reasoning by Augmenting a Description Logic Reasoner Project (Phase I) was designed to provide languages and tools for reasoning about information expressed in expressive Description Logics or ontology languages similar to the W3C OWL ... |
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| Strategic Theory for the 21st Century: The Little Book on Big Strategy |
FEB 2006 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Harry R. Yarger; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Strategy for the nation-state is neither simple nor easy. Good strategy demands much of the military professional whether he is formulating, articulating, evaluating, or executing strategy. Few do it well. It requires the professional to step out of the planning mind set and adopt one more suited for the strategic environment. This is particularly true in periods of great change and turmoil when a successful military strategy must be closely ... |
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| A Bayesian Approach to Uncertainty Modelling in OWL Ontology |
2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Zhongli Ding; Yun Peng; Rong Pan; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Dealing with uncertainty is crucial in ontology engineering tasks such as domain modelling, ontology reasoning, and concept mapping between ontologies. This paper presents the authors' on-going research on modelling uncertainty in ontologies based on Bayesian networks (BN). The work includes the following: (1) extending OWL to allow additional probabilistic markups for attaching probability information, (2) directly converting a probabilistically annotated OWL ontology into a BN structure by a set of ... |
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| Implementing OWL Defaults |
2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Vladimir Kolovski; Bijan Parsia; Yarden Katz; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| While it has been argued that knowledge representation for the World Wide Web must respect the open world assumption due to the "open" nature of the Web, users of the Web Ontology Language (OWL) have often requested some form of non-monotonic reasoning. In this paper, we present preliminary optimizations and an implementation of a restricted version of Reiter's default logic as an extension to the description logic fragment of OWL, ... |
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| BaseVISor: A Triples-Based Inference Engine Outfitted to Process RuleML and R-Entailment Rules |
2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
C. J. Matheus; K. Baclawski; M. M. Kokar; VERSATILE INFORMATION SYSTEMS INC FRAMINGHAM MA
|
| BaseVISor is a forward-chaining inference engine based on a Rete network optimized for the processing of RDF triples. A clause within the body and head of a rule either represents an RDF triple or invokes a procedural attachment (either built-in or user defined). This paper describes how BaseVISor has been outfitted to process RuleML and R-Entailment rules. In the case of RuleML, n-ary predicates are automatically translated into binary predicates ... |
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| Distance Bounding Protocols: Authentication Logic Analysis and Collusion Attacks |
2006 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Catherine Meadows; Radha Poovendran; Dusko Pavlovic; LiWu Chang; Paul Syverson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Distance estimation, that is the estimate of the distance between two nodes, plays of a fundamental part in the setting up and maintenance of sensor networks. For example, a node trying to localize itself, can, if it learns its distance from three or more nodes with known locations, use multilateration to determine where it sits. This computation is a major part of many localization algorithms. Distance estimation can also be ... |
|
| A New Architecture for Digital Packet Video Systems That Are Power- and Bandwidth-Efficient |
DEC 2005 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Berman; Paul Greier; Kenneth Ho; Richard Kaufman; Michael Mastro; Steve Millman; Ron Ridgeway; Kai Schleupen; Steven Wright; IBM CORP YORKTOWN HEIGHTS NY RESEARCH DIV
|
| Three unique reconfigurable modules have been designed, assembled and tested with newly developed embedded logic: Input/Output Module (IOM), Image Processing Module (IPM), and Network Interface Module (NIM). These modules represent the core of a scalable network attached high-resolution video system that can scale up transmitting video information up to 4x HDTV resolution. The reconfigurability is based on the latest Xilinx Virtex-II Pro chips with dual embedded Power PCs. All video ... |
|
| Radiation Testing of the Configurable Fault Tolerant Processor (CFTP) for Space-Based Applications |
DEC 2005 |
165 pages |
| Authors:
James C. Coudeyras; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) provide a reconfigurable asset in the design of space computing. Hardware configurations are stored in FPGA memory elements, which are susceptible to Single Event Upsets (SEUs). What is the best way to detect and mitigate SEUs and correct them before they become functional errors? The Configurable Fault Tolerant Processor (CFTP) consists of a controller FPGA (X1) controlling an experiment FPGA (X2), which can be used ... |
|
| A Power Efficient 26-GHz 32:1 Static Frequency Divider in 130-nm Bulk CMOS |
NOV 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Changhua Cao; Kenneth K. O; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| A 32:1 static frequency divider consisting of five stages of 2:1 dividers using current mode logic (CML) was fabricated in a 130-nm bulk complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) logic process. By optimizing transistors size, high operating speed is achieved with limited power consumption. For an input power of 0 dBm, the 32:1 divider operates up to 26 GHz with a 1.5-V supply voltage. The whole 32:1 chain including buffers consumes 8.97 ... |
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| Practical Markov Logic Containing First-Order Quantifiers With Application to Identity Uncertainty |
08 SEP 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Aron Culotta; Andrew McCallum; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Markov logic is a highly expressive language recently introduced to specify the connectivity of a Markov network using first-order logic. While Markov logic is capable of constructing arbitrary first-order formulae over the data, the complexity of these formulae is often limited in practice because of the size and connectivity of the resulting network. In this paper, we present approximate inference and training methods that incrementally instantiate portions of the network ... |
|
| Typed Regions |
31 AUG 2005 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Stefan Monnier; Zhong Shao; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Standard type systems are not sufficiently expressive when applied to low-level memory-management code. Such code often uses some form of strong update (i.e. assignments that change the type of the affected location) and needs to reason about the relative position of objects in memory. We present a novel type system which, like alias types 20, provides a form of strong update, but with the advantage that it does not require ... |
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| A Type System for Certified Binaries |
31 AUG 2005 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Zhong Shao; Valery Trifonov; Bratin Saha; Nikolaos Papaspyrou; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| A certified binary is a value together with a proof that the value satisfies a given specification. Existing compilers that generate certified code have focused on simple memory and control-flow safety rather than more advanced properties. In this paper, we present a general framework for explicitly representing complex propositions and proofs in typed intermediate and assembly languages. The new framework allows us to reason about certified programs that involve effects ... |
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| Verification of Safety Properties for Concurrent Assembly Code |
31 AUG 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Dachuan Yu; Zhong Shao; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
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| Concurrency, as a useful feature of many modern programming languages and systems, is generally hard to reason about. Although existing work has explored the verification of concurrent programs using high-level languages and calculi, the verification of concurrent assembly code remains an open problem, largely due to the lack of abstraction at a low-level. Nevertheless, it is sometimes necessary to reason about assembly code or machine executables so as to achieve ... |
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LOGIC
