| A Comparison of the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among Fast-Attack Submariners with U.S. Civilian Males |
14-Sep-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
J Hartwell; N Durocher; J Gertner; J Vanderweele; K Marvin; W Horn; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
 | Submariners have historically served in an environment characterized by prolonged physical inactivity and excessive caloric intake. These two conditions are established risk factors for metabolic syndrome. In recent years, metabolic syndrome has garnered attention due to its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. There is a concern among Undersea Medicine Officers that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is on the rise within the submarine community, leading ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 10, Number 6, November/December 2004 |
Dec-2004 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania-the parasite is transmitted to humans through bites of female sand flies. The disease is endemic in many regions of Africa, South and Central America, southern Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. Clinical expressions of leishmaniasis are dependent on the infecting species and host immune responses. Cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral leishmaniasis, the three major clinical forms, are manifestations of ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 10, Number 1, January/February 2004 |
Feb-2004 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Leishmaniasis is an arthropod-transmitted zoonotic disease that is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. Leishmania parasites are transmitted through bites of infective female sand flies (Lutzomyia species in the Americas and Phlebotomus species elsewhere). The disease is endemic in many areas of Asia, Africa, the Middle East, South and Central America, and southern Europe. The clinical expressions of leishmaniasis are highly variable and primarily dependent on the infecting leishmania ... |
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| Utilization of Telemedicine for Evaluation and Treatment of Hepatitis C Patients in Military Health Clinics |
MAY 2000 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Kent Holtzmuller; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
| The hepatitis C Telemedicine project is being conducted in three phases. The first phase of the project is to validate the use of desktop VTC system connected at 384 kbs to visually diagnose patients with physical findings secondary to chronic liver disease. Diagnostic agreement between in person, face-to-face evaluations versus those performed using the VTC system will be compared in patients with liver disorders. This first phase of the project ... |
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| Clinical Impact of Hepatitis C Infection in Military Active Duty Women |
JUL 1996 |
|
| Authors:
Maria H. Sjogren; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
 | To determine the prevalence of HCV among women in the US military, 3 categories of subjects were studied: 464 healthy women, 396 women in outpatient clinics and 89 women hospitalized for a variety of diagnosis (not liver disease) . HCV epidemiological risks were sought. Sera were tested for ALT and anti-HCV (ELISA, RIBA, Ortho Lab). HCV RNA and HCV genotype were determined (Inno-LIPA, Belgium). Data analysis showed a mean age ... |
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| Statistical Process Control and Medical Surveillance. An Application with Liver Function Tests |
MAR 96 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Bryan D. Richardson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Traditionally, medical surveillance of liver disease generally involves a battery of tests. This research used multivariate analysis techniques to reduce the number of measures required to identify liver dysfunction and found using a Transferase Index (a combination of three tests; ALT, AST, and GGT) provided the most satisfying assessment, but the single best indicator, ALT, may be sufficient. Transferase Index and ALT criterion were both applied to SPC control charts. ... |
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| Clinical Impact of Hepatitis C Infection in Military Active Duty Women |
30 SEP 95 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Maria H. Sjogren; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
| To determine the rate of hepatitis C infection among active duty women, 932 volunteers were enrolled in the study. Subjects were grouped under 3 categories: 463 healthy women, 388 women who visit outpatient clinics and 81 women who are hospitalized for a variety of diagnosis. Demographic data and serologic diagnosis of the infection were conducted. Serological assays were: a marker of liver disease: alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and specific markers of ... |
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| Plasmodium falciparum: Exported Protein-1, A Blood Stage Antigen is Expressed in Liver Stage Parasites. |
1994 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
G. I. Sanchez; W. O. Rogers; S. Mellouk; S. L. Hoffman; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| After inoculation by Anopheles sp. mosquitoes, Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites rapidly make their way to the liver where a single, uninucleate sporozoite develops during a minimum of 5-6 days to a mature liver stage schizont with 1-3 x 10(exp 4) uninucleate merozoites. There are no clinical or pathological manifestations associated with this stage of the parasite's life cycle, and thus the parasite developing within the liver is an attractive target for ... |
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| Molecular Analysis of Medaka Tumors: New Models for Carcinogenicity Tests |
07 JUL 93 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca J. Van Beneden; DUKE UNIV BEAUFORT NC MARINE LAB
|
| The broad, long-term objective of our laboratory is to use fish as a model system to better understand factors which promote tumor production and to develop a reliable and sensitive means of detecting carcinogens in aqueous environments. Studies of oncogene and suppressor gene function and their relationship to tumor production in fish will contribute to our understanding of the molecular basis of carcinogenesis. In these studies we have examined the ... |
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| Health Effects Models for Nuclear Power Plant Accident Consequence Analysis. Modification of Models Resulting from Addition of Effects of Exposure to Alpha-Emitting Radionuclides. Part 2. Scientific Bases for Health Effects Models. Revision 1. Addendum 2 |
MAY 93 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Seymour Abrahamson; Michael A. Bender; Bruce B. Boecker; Ethel S. Gilbert; Bobby R. Scott; LOVELACE BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST ALBUQUERQUE NM INHALATION TOXICOLOGY RESEARCH INST
|
| Several studies designed to identify and quantify the potential health effects of accidental releases of radionuclides from nuclear power plants have been Sponsored by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Report NUREG/CR-2l4, Rev. 1, Part II (NRC, 1989a) describes in detail the most recent health effects models that have evolved from these efforts. Since the Part II report was published in 1989, two addenda to that report have been prepared to (1) ... |
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| Liver Transplantation in CHAMPUS: A Total Patient Treatment Episode Detailed Analysis |
08 SEP 92 |
|
| Authors:
Scott A. Optenberg; ARMY HEALTH SERVICES COMMAND FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| This report presents a detailed analysis of liver transplantation within the Department of Defense Civilian Health and Medical Program for the Uniformed Services (CHAMPUS). The source of data was the Tri-Service CHAMPUS statistical Database Project (TCSDP). Patients which underwent liver transplantation procedure paid during Fiscal Year (FY) 1990 or FY 1991, were included. A number of software techniques were employed to develop a liver transplantation total patient treatment episode. There ... |
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| Vaccination Against Hepatitis B: The Italian Strategy, |
APR 1992 |
|
| Authors:
A.R. Zanetti; J. Grappasonni; E. Tanzi; L. Romano; CAMERINO UNIV (ITALY)
|
| Viral hepatitis type B is major worldwide public health problem. Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) may progress to chronic liver disease including chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Moreover it has been estimated that between 200 and 300 million individuals in the world are chronic carriers of HBV. The availability of safe and effective vaccines allows the establishment of immunization programs aimed at the elimination of hepatitis ... |
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| JPRS Report, Epidemiology |
30 JUL 1990 |
|
| Authors:
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
| This JPRS Report contains articles on Epidemiology. |
|
| Quantitation of Alkaline Phosphatase Isoenzymes Using Agarose Containing Wheat Germ Lectin |
JUL 89 |
|
| Authors:
Russell J. Meiling; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Alkaline phosphatase (AP), orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase is present in almost all tissues of the human body and has long been recognized by physicians as an indicator of bone and/or liver disease. This report lists a wide range of tissues which have AP in their cells. Alkaline phosphatase in plasma originated primarily from liver, bone, intestine and placental tissues. These different tissues enzymes are all membrane bound and in the presence ... |
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| Ethanol-Induced Changes in Trichloroethene Toxicity |
14 SEP 87 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Richard J. Bull; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN COLL OF PHARMACY
|
| This project was to determine the extent to which metabolism of trichloroethylene (TCE) to trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was responsible for its hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic effects in rodents. Ethanol was used as a more or less selective means of decreasing the production of TCA. This information was useful in determining whether these effects are relevant to human exposures to these chemicals. During the first year of this project, it was established ... |
|
| Pathogenesis of Rift Valley Fever Virus (RVFV) in Inbred Rats |
87 |
|
| Authors:
G. W. Anderson Jr.; T. W. Slone Jr.; C. J. Peters; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever in adult rats from 3 inbred strains (LEW, MAXX, WF) was investigated. WF rats all died by day 2 postinoculation with viral tissue titers reaching 9 log PFU/g. LEW and MAXX rats were resistant to liver disease, but fatal necrotising encephalitis developed in 16 and 44% of the rats, respectively. Detection of serum neutralising antibody on day 3 coincided with clearance of virus from ... |
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| The Use of ATP-MgCl2 in the Treatment of Injury and Shock |
11 MAR 86 |
|
| Authors:
Arthur E. Baue; Irshad H. Chaudry; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CONN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| Studies were conducted to compare the effects of positive end- expiratory pressure (PEEP) and zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) in experimentally induced Pseudomonas pneumonia. Our results indicated a conspicuous advantage of PEEP over ZEEP in experimentally-induced Pseudomonas pneumonia, not only in terms of improved cardiopulmonary function but also in terms of survival. The mechanisms by which PEEP improves the survival of dogs with Pseudomonas pneumonia may be due to an improvement ... |
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| Evaluation of the Acute Toxicity, Irritation, Sensitization, and Subchronic Dermal Toxicity of Antimony Thioantimonate Lubricant |
MAR 86 |
|
| Authors:
J. R. Horton; C. L. Gaworski; P. E. Newton; R. H. Bruner; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAYTON OH
|
| Antimony thioantimonate (ATA) is used in a calcium cup grease (Ca grease) lubricant in Naval operations. Test for acute intraperitoneal toxicity, eye irritation, sensitization and subchronic dermal toxicity were conducted. Single dose IP LD sub 50 values for male and femal Sprague-Dawley rats were 445 mg/kg and 652 mg/kg, respectively. ATA instilled in New Zealand White rabbit eyes produced reversible conjunctival erythema, chemosis and discharge. Superficial corneal injury noted with ... |
|
| Viral Hemorrhagic Fever |
86 |
|
| Authors:
C. J. Peters; Alexis Shelokov; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Several RNA viruses transmitted to humans from animals or arthropods may cause a syndrome referred to as viral hemorrhagic fever or VHF. The target organ for the VHF syndrome is the fascular bed; correspondingly, the dominant clinical features are usually related to microvascular damage and changes in vascular permeability. Common presenting complaints are fever, myalgia, and prostration; clincal examination may reveal only conjuctivits, mild hypotension, flushing, and petechial hemorrhages. Full-blown ... |
|
| An Experimental Animal Model for the Study of Immunity to Entamoeba Histolytica |
15 APR 1983 |
|
| Authors:
Roy Gene Taylor; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| Comparing experimental hepatic amebiasis in LHC/Lak inbred hamsters with amebic liver abscess as described in man demonstrated the validity of this animal model. An extensive bibliography and review of the literature were given in addition to experimental results. Adult male hamsters were surgically infected via the portal vein with axenically cultivated trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica. At doses of 50 to 315 thousand amebae, strain HM-1:IMSS was the most pathogenic; 200:NIH ... |
|
| The Effects of Scavenging on Waste Nitrous Oxide Concentrations in Veterinary Operating Room Air |
Jun-1981 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
J E Milligan; J L Sablan; M G Oxner; AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LAB BROOKS AFB TX
|
| Veterinarians, their assistants, and animal researchers should consider the potential health hazards of chronic exposure to the inhalational anesthetic, nitrous oxide. Recent studies suggest that long-term human exposure to nitrous oxide can be associated with increased general health problems and reproductive difficulties. These adverse human health effects include spontaneous abortion, congenital abnormalities, kidney disease, liver disease and neurologic disease. The exposure level of medical and dental personnel to nitrous oxide ... |
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| Evaluation of Selected Subacute Effects of the Nitrotoluene Group of Munitions Compounds on Fish and Potential Use in Aquatic Toxicity Evaluation |
MAR 1981 |
|
| Authors:
William Ralph Hartley; TULANE UNIV NEW ORLEANS LA SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND TROPICAL MEDICINE
|
| Juvenile bluegills were exposed to 0.05 mg/L, 0.50 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 2. 0 mg/L, 4.0 mg/L, 5.0 mg/L and 8.0 mg/L 2,4-DNT for eight weeks. Both first and second order growth constants indicated reduced growth rates with increasing 2, 4-DNT concentration. The threshold concentration for significant growth rate reduction was 0.05 mg/L 2,4-DNT. No histological abnormalities were found in the digestive tract, pancreas, integument, heart, gonad, head kidney and spinal ... |
|
| A Survey of Waste Anesthetic Gas Levels in Selected USAF Veterinary Surgeries. |
FEB 1979 |
|
| Authors:
Joseph E. Milligan; James L. Sablan; AIR FORCE OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LAB BROOKS AFB TX
|
| Veterinarians and their assistants should consider the potential environmental hazards of chronic exposure to gaseous anesthetics. In humans, epidemiologic surveys have circumstantially shown adverse health effects following exposure to anesthetic gases. These effects include abortion, congential abnormalities, hepatic and renal diseases, CNS disturbances, increased risk of cancer and decreased fertility. In animals, similar effects due to occupational exposure levels of halothane and nitrous oxide have been experimentally established. Previous investigations ... |
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| Abatement of Hepatocellular Damage and Mortality Incidence by Zinc Treatments in Endotoxemic Rats. |
03 AUG 1976 |
|
| Authors:
P. Z. Sobocinski; M. C. Powanda; W. J. Canterbury; S. V. Machotka; R. I. Walker; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
| Intraperitoneal administration of zinc, as zinc chloride, prior to or simultaneously with a lethal quantity of Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin significantly protects rats against toxin-induced mortality and hepatocellular damage. Pretreatment with amounts of zinc chloride ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 mg/100 g body weight resulted in 80-100% survival compared to 10% survival in untreated control rats at 24 h postendotoxin. Zinc chloride treatment in excess of 2.0 mg/100 g body wt ... |
|
| Mammalian Toxicity of Munition Compounds. Phase II. Effects of Multiple Doses. Part III. 2,6-Dinitrotoluene |
JUL 1976 |
160 pages |
| Authors:
Cheng-Chun Lee; Harry V. Ellis III; John J. Kowalski; John R. Hodgson; Robert D. Short; MIDWEST RESEARCH INST KANSAS CITY MO
|
| The effects of oral doses of 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) after administration to dogs, rats and mice for up to 13 weeks were studied. The effects of 2,6-DNT on drug metabolizing enzymes in rats were also studied. In dogs, 4 mg/kg/day was slightly toxic; 20 mg/kg/day was very toxic and lethal to some; 100 mg/kg/day was lethal to all within 8 weeks. In rats, 7 mg/kg/day had no effects, 35 (males) or ... |
|
| Cultivation of Hepatitis Virus in Tissue Culture. |
30 DEC 1975 |
|
| Authors:
G. L. Gitnick; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| It is recommended that efforts be continued for the tissue culture cultivation of each of the hepatitis agents. To accomplish this goal, the laboratory has established techniques for the maintenance of non fibroblastic hepatocyte cultures shown to produce albumin and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Both short term and long term studies aimed at the cultivation of these viral agents have been undertaken. Recently slow virus techniques and the in vitro ... |
|
| Intestinal Physiology Studies. Absorption and Metabolism of Fat. |
FEB 1975 |
|
| Authors:
Willem G. Linscheer; Juan Malagelada; William Fishman; TUFTS UNIV BOSTON MASS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The following topics are discussed in this article: (1) The mechanism of fat malabsorption in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. The present study demonstrated that there is a mucosal factor in the cirrhotics since long chain fatty acids were absorbed at a slower rate in isolated jejunal segments of cirrhotic patients as compared to healthy volunteers. (2) Effect of an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase in lipid absorption. The present study was ... |
|
| Present Concepts in Internal Medicine. Volume VII, Number 4, July-August 1974. Gastroenterology Symposium, |
AUG 1974 |
|
| Authors:
George E. Burdick; Lottie B. Applewhite; LETTERMAN ARMY MEDICAL CENTER SAN FRANCISCO CALIF
|
| The symposium consists of six articles on ulcerative colitis: diagnosis, differential diagnosis, long-term systemic complications, liver disease in ulcerative colitis, long-term colonic complications, and treatment. This is not intended to be a comprehensive symposium. Some areas of controversy, such as etiology of ulcerative colitis, have been totally ignored. Etiology of ulcerative colitis is yet to be defined and our thoughts regarding management remain empirical. The symposium represents the best available ... |
|
| Literature Review: Advances in Evaluating Serum Bilirubin Elevations. |
MAY 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Raymond G. Troxier; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
|
| Unexplained elevations in total serum bilirubin are a common and perplexing problem to physicians who must interpret the clinical laboratory screening results in an apparently healthy population. The patients seen by the USAFSAM Consultation Service have a 3.9% incidence of unexplained elevated total serum bilirubin. In order to select and interpret followup studies, the physician must have a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of conjugated and unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The literature ... |
|
| Cooperation of Chinese and Western Medicine; Active Treatment for Chronic Diseases - Communist China - |
28 FEB 1961 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
LIVER DISEASES
