| Spray Nonuniformities in Gas-Centered Swirl-Coaxial Injectors (Preprint) |
Jul-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Malissa D Lightfoot; Stephen A Danczyk; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
 | Experimental studies of gas-centered swirl-coaxial (GCSC) injectors have revealed five basic types of nonuniformities in the spray. These nonuniformities can be classified as either affecting the centerline of the spray, with respect to the centerline of the injector, or affecting the temporal mass-distribution. The details of these behaviors are discussed as are possible driving factors and design criteria for avoidance. In general, high momentum flux operations are suggested for minimizing ... |
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| Oxidation of ZrB2 and ZrB2-SiC Ceramics With Tungsten Additions (Preprint) |
Feb-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
S C Zhang; W G Fahrenholtz; G E Hilmas; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The effect of tungsten additions on the oxidation behavior of zirconium diboride-based ceramics was studied. Four mole percent tungsten carbide was added to ZrB2. The oxidation behavior was studied using thermal gravimetric analysis and isothermal testing in flowing air. Upon heating to 1500 degrees C, the mass gain decreased from approx. 14 milligrams/(square centimeter) for nominally pure ZrB2 to approx. 4.5 milligrams/(square centimeter) for tungsten containing ZrB2. After heating to ... |
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| Gasification Characterization of Ionic Liquids as Propellants |
25 MAY 2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Chung K. Law; PRINCETON UNIV NJ DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The objective of the program was to understand and quantify the gasification and oxidation characteristics of droplets of ionic liquids (ILs) in environments of various temperatures and oxygen concentrations. Using 1-ethyl-3- methylimidazolium dicyanamide as a surrogate IL, extensive experiments were performed on suspended and freely falling droplets, and on relating the droplet combustion behavior to the evolution of its internal temperature. Results show that, because of the extreme low volatility ... |
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| Fabrication of Ultra Fine Eutectic Structure Using Rapid Quenching Method and Plasma Sintering Technique |
23 MAY 2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Kazuyuki Kakegawa; CHIBA UNIV (JAPAN)
|
| It is well known that cooling a melt of eutectic composition forms a characteristic structure. In this structure two phases entangles each other, which is called eutectic structure. Such structure is due to an alternate switching of crystallizing components from the melt. The size is generally small "below micrometer". The structure is self-forming composite, which can be used for many composite materials. Kakegawa et al. emphasized the effect of diffusion ... |
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| In-Situ Air Sparaing: Engineering and Design |
31-Jan-2008 |
193 pages |
| Authors:
CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC
|
| In-situ air sparging (IAS) is a rapidly emerging remediation technology for treatment of contaminants in saturated zone soils and groundwater. Injection below the water table of air, pure oxygen, or other gases may result in removal of contaminants by volatilization or bioremediation. Less commonly, IAS can be used to immobilize contaminants through chemical changes such as precipitation. This Engineer Manual (EM) provides guidance for evaluation of the feasibility and applicability ... |
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| Processing and Characterization of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Particle Reinforced Sn-In Solders |
DEC 2006 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Kohn C. Chung; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In the typical packaging of a printed circuit board, the tiny-yet-critical solder joints provide both electrical connection and mechanical support for the silicon chips and their substrate. These solders are subjected to serve thermo-mechanical strains during usage and the most common failure arise from thermo-mechanical fatigue (thermal cycling). This is due to the mismatch in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the chip and the packaging substrate. In previous work, ... |
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| Fundamental Models of Selective Laser Sintering of Metal Powders |
DEC 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Yuwen Zhang; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| This project involves state-of-the-art, flindamental modeling of the laser beam-material interactions associated with Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) of single and multiple components powders. The research tasks carried out in the project include modeling of (I) coupling of laser beam and metal powders, (2) Liquid phase sintering of two-component metal powders, (3) Liquid phase sintering and Selective Laser Powder Remelting (SLPR) of single-component metal powders, and (4) the post-processing of the ... |
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| Molecular Simulation of the Vapor-Liquid Phase Behavior of Lennard-Jones Mixtures in Porous Solids |
SEP 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
John K. Brennan; Wei Dong; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| We present vapor-liquid phase coexistence curves for binary fluid mixtures in a disordered porous solid. The porous material is modeled as a collection of randomly dispersed hard spheres. A variant of the Monte Carlo Gibbs ensemble method [J. K. Brennan and W. Dong, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8948 (2002)] is used to simulate Lennard-Jones fluid mixtures at several porosities: 0.9, 0.95, and 0.975. Effects based on the size and the ... |
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| Reactive Processing and Co-Extrusion of Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics and Composites |
28 FEB 2006 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
William G. Fahrenholtz; Gregory E. Himas; Adam L. Chamberlain; James W. Zimmerman; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The processing, properties, and performance of zirconium diboride-ceramics were studied. The initial phase of the work focused on improving the properties of zirconium diboride silicon carbide ceramics prepared from commercial powders by minimizing the-impurity content and controlling the grain size of ceramics prepared by conventional hot pressing. Strengths of more than 1000 MPa (1 GPa) were measured for zirconium diboride containing 20 or-30 volume percent silicon carbide, much higher than ... |
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| Hybrid Molecomputer Using Vapor Phase Assembly |
10 JAN 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A. Reed; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT GRANT AND CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION
|
| Current work on molecular electronics relies almost entirely on liquid phase processing. Gas phase processing offers far superior uniformity and reproducibility. The scope of this work was to investigate vapor phase process that will fully integrate the in-situ steps of sample preparation, active organic molecule deposition, and gentle gas-moderated metallic overcoating, which will enable our proposed multi-layer stacked device. The goal of this work is to mate these active molecular ... |
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| Interfacial Control of the Formation and Adhesion of Oxide Films |
14 DEC 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Chaim N. Sukenik; Olga Gershevitz; BAR-ILAN UNIV RAMAT-GAN (ISRAEL) DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This report results from a contract tasking Bar Ilan University as follows: The contractor shall develop organic monolayers with which to modify alumina surfaces on both flat coupons and woven fiber cloths. These monolayers would present a uniform array of phosphonate. sulfonate. and/or carboxylate functional groups on the exposed surface of suitably modified material. These organic monolayers will provide a suitable interface for the attachment of subsequent layers of adherent ... |
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| A Comparison of the Deformation, Flow, and Failure of Two Tungsten Heavy Alloys in Ballistic Impacts |
DEC 2005 |
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| Authors:
Brian Schuster; Lee Magness; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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 | Ballistic tests were conducted with subscale long rod penetrators of two different processing conditions of the same tungsten heavy alloy. The liquid-phase sintered composite of 90% tungsten-9% nickel-01% cobalt (by weight) was tested in its low-strength, as -sintered and heat-treated condition, and in a high-strength, 50% cold-worked (by swaging) and aged condition. Consistent differences in the ballistic performance of the two lots of penetrators were observed, in depth of penetrations ... |
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| Development of Advanced Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Tungsten Heavy Alloy for Penetrator Application |
30 SEP 2005 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Soon H. Hong; Ho J. Ryu; Seung I. Cha; Hee Y. Kim; Kyung T. Kim; Kyong H. Lee; Chan B. Mo; KOREA ADVANCED INST OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DAEJEON (KOREA)
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| The effects of fabrication process parameters, including conditions for powder preparation, sintering, cyclic heat-treatment, swaging, and annealing processes, on microstructures and static/dynamic mechanical properties of ODS tungsten heavy alloys were investigated. The composition of ODS tungsten heavy alloys was designed as 94W-4.56Ni-1.14Co-0.3Y2O3 which show the highest strength at similar microstructural parameters based on the analysis of microstructures and mechanical properties. The two-stage sintered ODS tungsten heavy alloy showed finer tungsten ... |
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| Novel Photocatalysts and Processes for the Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents (CWA) |
17 AUG 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Panagiotis G. Smirniotis; CINCINNATI UNIV OH DEPT OF CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
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| This paper describes the initial work and research tasks undertaken for testing selected categories of photocatalysts for destruction of organics and CWA simulants, utilization of ultrasound for enhancement of reactant transformation and elimination of byproducts, and development of photocatalysts for operation with visible light. More specifically, we present the initial work we performed on the photodegradation of diethylsulfide (DES) in gas phase (C2H5-S-C2H5) as a simulant of mustard gas (HD) ... |
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| Molecular Dynamics Study on the Evaporation Part of the Kinetic Boundary Condition at the Interface Between Water and Water Vapor |
13 JUL 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Tatsuya Ishiyama; Takeru Yano; Shigeo Fujikawa; HOKKAIDO UNIV SAPPORO (JAPAN)
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| Molecular dynamics simulations of vapor liquid equilibrium states and those of evaporation from liquid phase into a virtual vacuum are performed for water. In spite of the formation of molecular clusters in the vapor phase and the presence of the preferential orientation of molecules at the interface due to uneven sharing of the bonding electron pair, essentially the same results as in our previous study for argon are obtained. That ... |
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| Mixing Dynamics of Supercritical Droplets and Jets |
APR 2005 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas G. Talley; R. K. Cohn; E. B. Coy; B. Chehroudi; D. W. Davis; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| This report summarizes a research program to understand the mixing dynamics of supercritical droplets and jets. The research was motivated by the recognition that pressures in modern liquid rocket engine combustion chambers tend to be higher than the critical pressure of one or more of the propellants. Prior to the beginning of this research, combustion processes were largely modeled using low pressure, subcritical spray combustion concepts. At supercritical pressures, however, ... |
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| Cost and Performance Report Multi-Site in Situ Air Sparging |
APR 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
|
| The primary performance objective of this study was to implement the Air Sparging Design Paradigm at a number of existing air sparging sites and determine whether the Design Paradigm was effective at evaluating air distribution and whether other design guidelines were valid. The goal of the project was to modify the Air Sparging Design Paradigm as necessary based on results obtained from ten field sites. Results from this study have ... |
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| An Advanced Platform for Biomolecular Detection and Analysis Systems |
FEB 2005 |
149 pages |
| Authors:
David J. Beebe; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| A comprehensive new approach to the rapid and flexible construction of microfluidic-based systems for biological and chemical (BC) agent detection has been demonstrated. The foundation of the approach is a new manufacturing process called MicroFluidic Tectonics that combines responsive hydrogel materials with novel liquid phase Microfluidic construction methods. The approach addresses several critical issues relevant to BC agent defense - simple device fabrication, just-in-time manufacturing, integration of all system functions ... |
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| Material Science of Carbon |
SEP 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Wes Hoffman; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Carbon is a ubiquitous material that is essential for the functioning of modern society. Because carbon can exist in a multitude of forms, it can be tailored to possess practically any property that might be required for a specific application. The list of applications is very extensive and includes: aircraft brakes, electrodes, high temperature molds, rocket nozzles and exit cones, tires, ink, nuclear reactors and fuel particles, filters, prosthetics, batteries ... |
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| Single Crystal Relaxor Ferroelectrics by Seeded Polycrystal Conversion |
08 AUG 2003 |
279 pages |
| Authors:
Martin P. Harmer; Helen M. Chan; Edward P. Gorzkowski; Patrick T. King; Derrick J. Rockosi; LEHIGH UNIV BETHLEHEM PA
|
| The group at Lehigh University has implemented the successful application of Seeded Polycrystal Conversion (SPC) to ferroelectric materials. Initial work at Lehigh established the feasibility of using the SPC process to grow single crystals of the relaxor-based ferroelectric PbMg(1 /3)Nb(2/3))O(3-) 5mol%PbTiO3 (PMN-3 5PT) from seed crystals of the same composition. However, much work was needed to refine this process. Maintaining single crystal growth until full conversion of the polycrystal can ... |
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| Ion Mobility Measurements in Organic Phases |
AUG 2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Herbert H. Hill Jr.; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Liquid phase ion mobility spectrometry (LPIMS) is a novel analytical technique where ions are separated by electric field in a liquid medium. The electric field is established via a series of electrodes spaced evenly through the ion drift tube, similar to the drift tube design used in gas-phase IMS. Because no electrolyte is used in LPIMS, the method is a low current (i.e. low noise) method in which the current ... |
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| Ion Coulomb Crystals and Some Applications |
24 JUN 2002 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Drewsen; Liv Hornekaer; Niels Kjaergaard; Kristian Moelhave; Annie-Marie Thommesen; AARHUS UNIV (DENMARK) INST OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| In this contribution, we present some of our recent results involving ion Coulomb crystals in linear Paul traps. A few results regarding single component crystals are discussed, but the main focus is on properties of two-component crystals and their applications in the fields of cold molecular physics and quantum optics. |
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| Role of Sphingolipid- and Cholesterol-Rich Membrane Domains in Pathophysiology of Cultured Human Breast Cancer Cells |
JUN 2002 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah A. Brown; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| UPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) is a key player in metastasis of breast cancer cells. We suggest that uPAR, because it is a GPI- anchored protein, must be present in discrete "rafts" in the cell surface to function. Our proposal has two parts. First, we will set up systems in our lab for studying signaling through uPAR in cultured human breast cancer cells. Second, we will disrupt rafts, and determine ... |
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| Studies on the Generation of the Pentazole Anion and Singlet-Delta Molecular Oxygen |
09 MAY 2002 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Karl O. Christe; William W. Wilson; Ashwani Vij; Vandana Vij; Angelo Alfano; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING INCEDWARDS AFB CA
|
| Under combined DARPA, AFOSR and NSF sponsorship, we have discovered, in 1999, the novel polynitrogen cation, N5+. |
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| Microcontact Printing via a Polymer-Induced Liquid-Precursor (PILP) Process |
APR 2002 |
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| Authors:
Yi-yeoun Kim; Laurie B. Gower; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Our biomimetic approach for patterned crystallization is based on the combination of the Micro-Contact Printing technique and a novel mineralization process, called the Polymer- Induced-Liquid-Precursor (PILP) process, which enables the deposition of mineral films under low-temperature and aqueous-based conditions. We demonstrate that a liquid-phase mineral precursor is deposited onto specific areas templated with self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiolate on gold, and then the patterned calcitic films grow under constrained conditions via ... |
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| Epitaxial Ternary and Quaternary III-V Antimonide Substrates |
2002 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Michael G. Mauk; Jeffrey A. Cox; Oleg V. Sulima; Sarbajit Datta; Anthony N. Tata; ASTROPOWER INC NEWARK DE
|
| Modified liquid-phase epitaxy (LPE) techniques can be adapted for the growth of relatively thick (50 to 500 micron) epitaxial layers of ternary and quaternary II I-V antimonide alloys, including InAsSb, InGaSb, AlGaAsSb, InGaAsSb, and InAsSbP. These structures can function as virtual' substrates with adjustable lattice constants for epitaxy of various optoelectronic devices such as mid-infrared photodiodes. A variety of substrate structures can be realized either by effecting gradual, continuous compositional ... |
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| Nanoscale Compositional Changes Along Fast Ion Tracks in Equilibrium Solid Solutions: A Computer Simulation of Ultra-Fast Solidification and Thermomigration |
NOV 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Edmundo M. Lopasso; Alfredo Caro; Eduardo Ogando Arregui; Magdalena Caro; CENTRO ATOMICO BARILOCHE (ARGENTINA) INST BALSEIRO
|
| Starting from two equilibrium solid solutions in the Au-Ni system, we analyze the change in composition due to a 400 eV/A fast ion track simulated by molecular dynamics in the Embedded Atom approximation. We aim at determining the influence of the thermodynamic forces derived from the large thermal gradients and the rapid solidification across the solidus and liquidus on the motion of solute atoms. One dimensional gradients as well as ... |
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| Improved Modeling of Drop Vaporization and Combustion in Diesel Sprays |
19 JUN 2001 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
John Abraham; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This program focuses on modeling the vaporization liquid drops and the penetration of the liquid phase in Diesel sprays under cold-start conditions. This work is carried out within the framework of multidimensional modeling of the physical processes in Diesel engines. In the prior reporting period, it was shown that though vaporization of the drops under warm operating conditions may be mixing controlled whereby the drop vaporization characteristic time is much ... |
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| The Role of Spingolipid- and Cholesterol-Rich Membrane Domains in Pathophysiology of Cultured Human Breast Cancer |
JUN 2001 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah A. Brown; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK
|
| UPAR (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor) is a key player in metastasis of breast cancer cells. We suggest that uPAR, because it is a GPI- anchored protein, must be present in discrete subregions or 'rafts' in the cell surface to function. Our proposal has two parts. First, we will set up systems in our lab for studying signaling through uPAR in cultured human breast cancer cells. Second, we will disrupt rafts, ... |
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| Sixth Conference on Molecular Reaction Dynamics in Condensed Matter |
JUN 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Dana D. Dlott; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA
|
| The Sixth Conference on Molecular Reaction Dynamics in Condensed Matter was held Feb. 28 - Mar 3 at the Hotel La Casa del Camino in Laguna Beach, CA, sponsored by AFOSR and UC Irvine, and organized by D. Dlott and A. Apkarian. There were 39 attendees, including professors, graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, technical staff members from national laboratories and a representative from AFOSR. 34 talks were presented. There were 21 ... |
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| Liquid-Propellant Droplet Combustion and Cluster-Behavior at Supercritical Conditions |
MAY 2001 |
214 pages |
| Authors:
Yigor Yang; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A systematic investigation of superoritical droplet vaporization and cluster behavior has been conducted based on the complete conservation equations in both the gas and liquid phases. The research work addresses a variety of fundamental issues related to droplet vaporization and dynamics at realistic conditions typical of liquid-propellant rocket combustion devices. A unified treatment of real-fluid thermodynamics has been developed based on fundamental theories. Special attention was given to the thermodynamic ... |
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| Engineering and Design: Adsorption Design Guide |
01 MAR 2001 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC
|
| This Design Guide provides practical guidance for the design of liquid and vapor phase devices for the adsorption of organic chemicals. The adsorptive media addressed include granular activated carbon (GAC) and other alternative adsorption carbon media, such as powdered activated carbon (PAC) and non-carbon adsorbents. |
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| Mixing, Chemical Reactions, and Combustion in Subsonic and Supersonic Turbulent Flows |
28 FEB 2001 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. Dimotakis; Anthony Leaonard; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA GRADUATE AERONAUTICAL LABS
|
| Research conducted under sponsorship of this grant focused on fundamental investigations of mixing, chemical-reaction, and combustion processes, in turbulent, subsonic, and supersonic flows. Research on hydrocarbon-combustion extended previous work highlighting deficiencies in existing chemical-kinetics models for ethylene combustion. Experiments in the 2- and 3-D structure and mixing of turbulent transverse jets yielded new results on isotropy and Reynolds number effects. Work in high-speed flows and subsonic- diffusers demonstrated considerable control ... |
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| Temperature Dependence of Wilson Coefficients: Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Aqueous Ammonia |
JAN 2001 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. Field; Roger J. Combs; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST BLACKSBURG DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This study extends a model for non-ideal solution behavior by considering the temperature dependence of the coefficients of the Wilson equation for aqueous ammonia. Twenty-seven sets of experimental PXY data up to I MPa (10 atm) pressure (N=284) are analyzed using an objective function based on the excess Gibbs free energy to determine the pair of Wilson coefficients for each set. Evaluation of these results supports the interpretation of the ... |
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| ESTCP Cost and Performance Report: Multi-Site In Situ Air Sparging |
01-Dec-2000 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| Air sparging is a process where air is injected directly into the saturated subsurface to (1) volatilize contaminants from the liquid phase to the vapor phase for treatment and/or removal in the vadose zone, and (2) biodegrade contaminants in the saturated zone via stimulation by the introduction of oxygen. Practitioners have proposed using in situ air sparging to (1) treat contaminant source areas trapped within water-saturated and capillary zones, (2) ... |
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| Transitioning Model Potentials to Real Systems. II. Application to Molecular Oxygen |
SEP 2000 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Scott D. Bembenek; Betsy M. Rice; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Recently, we introduced a novel computer simulation technique to determine the optimal set of parameters of an interaction potential for a simple monatomic liquid. This technique was used to obtain interaction potentials of the Lennard-Jones form that accurately describe argon over its entire liquid phase at a fixed pressure (S. D. Bembenek and B. M. Rice, Mol. Phys. 97, 1085 1999). Here, we extend this technique to a homonuclear diatomic ... |
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| Discovery of Oriented Gaseous Water Molecules in the Vapor-Liquid Interface of Water |
10 JUL 2000 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
H. C. Allen; E. A. Raymond; M. G. Brown; G. L. Richmond; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| We present the first experimental measurements of the orientation and hydrogen bonding character of interfacial water molecules in their gaseous state in coexistence with the bulk liquid water. These interfacial vapor state molecules are distinct from the surface free OH and the interfacial liquid state water molecules and show a preferred orientation with their hydrogen atoms directed towards the liquid surface. The goal to develop a molecular level ... |
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| Dynamics of Sheet Cavitation and Large Scale Shedding |
30 MAY 2000 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Merkle; TENNESSEE UNIV SPACE INST TULLAHOMA
|
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| An Efficient Method for Subsurface Treatments, Including Squeeze Treatments |
03 MAR 2000 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald R. Price; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A method for delivering encapsulated materials to a subsurface environment, for the treatment of the subsurface environment, has the steps of: (a) loading the lumen of hollow microtubules with an active agent selected for treating the subsurface environment, where the hollow microtubules are compatible with the subsurface environment; and (b) administering the hollow microtubules to the subsurface environment, permitting the controlled release of the active agent into the subsurface environment. ... |
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| Ultrafast Dynamics of Condensed Phase Systems |
2000 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Craig C. Martens; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| In this final report, we describe the results of our ONR-funded research project in theoretical and computational chemistry. We briefly review our ONR-supported work in the following areas: (1) Development of methodology for simulating nonadiabatic dynamics in molecular systems. (2) A proposal for a new type of direct spectroscopy of ultrafast many-body bath dynamics, called nanoscale shock wave spectroscopy, and the results of molecular dynamics simulations describing its theoretical implementation. ... |
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| A Numerical Simulation of a Carbon Black Suspension Cell Via a Time- Reversed, Double Layer Compute Algorithm |
DEC 1999 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Gregg T. Anderson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| A numerical simulation of a carbon black suspension cell is explored which models a laser-induced plasma within a liquid ethanol medium of approximately 1 mm thickness. The simulation model assumes a laser pulse with a pulse width of approximately 9 nsecs propagating in the left-to-right direction striking the front surface of the medium and focusing to a spot within the liquid volume. When the ... |
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| Basic Research in Supercritical Combustion |
30 NOV 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Douglas Talley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE WEST
|
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| Vapor Pressure of VX |
NOV 1999 |
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| Authors:
James H. Buchanan; Leonard C. Buettner; Ann B. Butrow; David E. Tevault; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| O-ethyl-S-(diisopropylaminoethly) methyl phosphonothiolate (VX) vapor pressure has been measured using a modified ASTM method in which a carrier gas was slowly passed over the liquid phase, and the saturated effluent was analyzed. Data measured in the current work has extended the low end of the range of measured VX vapor pressures from 30 to -13 deg C, which represents well over two orders of magnitude lower VX ... |
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| Shock Propagation and Attenuation in Bubbly Liquids: Modeling Wave Propagation Using a Nonlinear Equation-of-State |
NOV 1999 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Ali Nadim; Paul E. Barbone; Jerome J. Cartmell; BOSTON UNIV MA DEPT OF AEROSPACE AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Bubbly media play a significant role in underwater acoustics, medical ultrasound and in industrial systems where gas-liquid flows are present. The focus of our research has been to develop a continuum model for bubbly mixtures that can be used to model physical phenomena in these areas. The key to the continuum model is a nonlinear, non-equilibrium equation of state (EOS) that relates pressure to the mixture ... |
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| Characterization and Identification of Super-Effective Thermal Fire Extinguishing Agents |
OCT 1999 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
William M. Pitts; Jiann C. Yang; Marcia L. Huber; Linda G. Blevins; NATIONAL INST OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY GAITHERSBURG MD
|
| The use of halons for fire fighting is being phased out due to their deleterious effects on stratospheric ozone. This report summarizes the first- year findings of a three-year study designed to characterize and identify supereffective thermal fire-fighting agents as possible replacements for these widely used compounds. Three distinct aspects related to the effectiveness of potential thermal agents have been considered. First, existing thermodynamic ... |
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| Impact of a Ventilated Hood on Heat Stress at High Relative Humidity |
05 AUG 1999 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan Kaufman; Gregory Askew; Barry Shender; Kambiz Farahmand; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Heat stress is a major problem associated with use of encapsulating chemical protective garments. Metabolic and externally imposed heat loads can be degrade cognitive and physical performance and prove life-treating if not adequately extracted from within protective clothing ensembles. Two approaches have historically been used to actively remove heat from encapsulating clothing ensembles: (1) vapor phase cooling, where the heat transfer medium is a vapor such as air; and (2) ... |
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| Conformational Dependence of Molecular Surface Electrostatic Potentials |
08 JUN 1999 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jane S. Murray; Zenaida Peralta-Inga; Peter Politzer; NEW ORLEANS UNIV LA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| In a series of earlier studies, we have shown that a variety of solution, liquid and solid phase properties can be represented analytically in terms of quantities related to the electrostatic potentials on molecular surfaces. These quantities include the positive and negative extrema, the positive and negative average values and variances, and the average deviation. We have now investigated how sensitive these quantities are to the molecular conformation. Surface potentials ... |
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| Density Functional Calculations of Solid State Heats of Formation |
08 JUN 1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Politzer; M. E. Grice; Jane S. Murray; NEW ORLEANS UNIV LA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| It is now feasible to compute quite accurate gas phase heats of formation for relatively small molecules by means of ab initio or density functional techniques and one of several possible approaches: formation reactions, atomization processes or isodesmic reactions. For larger molecules, some empirical correction terms are necessary, even when using density functional methods. Conversion of gas phase values to liquid and/or solid state heats of formation can be done ... |
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| Fifth Conference on Molecular Reaction Dynamics in Condensed Matter Heldin Newport Beach, California on Feb. 10-13, 1999 |
20 APR 1999 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Dana D. Dlott; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA BOARD OF TRUSTEES
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| The Fifth Conference on Molecular Reaction Dynamics in Condensed Matter was held Feb. 10-13 at Newport Beach California, sponsored by AFOSR and ONR, and organized by D. Dlott and A. Apkarian. (Apkarian took over from Charles Wight of Utah). There were 42 attendees, including professors, graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and technical staff members from national laboratories (LANL, PNL, NIH, etc.), 34 talks were presented. There were ... |
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| Existence of Traveling Wave Solutions to the Problem of Soil Freezing Described by a Model Called M sub 1 |
APR 1999 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Yoshisuke Nakano; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| The scientific study of soil freezing and ice segregation began in the early 1900s. By the 1930s researchers (Taber 1930, Beskow 1935) had already found that ice segregation and the resultant frost heave are caused not only by freezing of in-situ water, but also by freezing of water transported toward a freezing front from the unfrozen part of the soil. The understanding gained in the 1930s was largely qualitative. However, ... |
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