| Novel Nanocomposite Materials for Solar Cell Fabrication |
Jan 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Sitaraman Krishnan; John McLaughlin; Dipankar Roy; CLARKSON UNIV POTSDAM NY
|
 | This project involves the synthesis and characterization of novel ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes for high-performance dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Since most commonly used organic liquid electrolytes of DSSCs are volatile and flammable, they limit the long-term stability and high temperature operations of these cells. In our present work, we have addressed these issues through the development of non-volatile, non-flammable and polymerizable IL electrolytes. Our IL characterization efforts have focused ... |
|
| Low Work Function Csl Coatings for Enhanced Field Emission Properties |
Apr 2011 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
S B Fairchild; T C Back; P T Murray; M M Cahay; D A Shiffler; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Thin films of Cesium Iodide (CsI) were deposited by pulse laser deposition and by thermal evaporation on Si substrates and were characterized by XRD, XPS, UPS, and Kelvin probe measurements. The thermally evaporated films were found to be stoichiometric whereas the pulsed laser deposited PLD films showed the presence of a Cs/CsI mixture. The latter is supported by UPS measurements whose Fermi edge indicated the presence of a metallic component ... |
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| Study of Factors Determining the Gain Characteristics of DOIL Active Medium |
17-Apr-2009 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Andrey A Ionin; Andrey Y Kozlov; Nina A Ionina; Nikolay P Vagin; Leonid V Seleznev; Dmitriy V Sinitsyn; Yuriy M Klimachev; Andrey A Kotkov; Igor V Kochetov; Nikolay N Yuryshev; Anatoliy P Napartovich; Oleg A Rulev; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW LEBEDEV INST
|
| The aim of the Project is to study experimentally and theoretically the possibility of working pressure increase and increase of singlet delta oxygen (SDO) yield in conditions of gas flow through the discharge region. Also, the properties of SDO and iodine containing gas mixture will be studied during the Project. In this connection, creation of experimental discharge facilities with gas flow is needed for efficient SDO production. During the work ... |
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| PSMA-Activated Imaging Agents for Prostate Cancer |
Feb-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel R Denmeade; JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL BALTIMORE MD
|
| In preliminary studies, a potent TG analog (12ADT) was coupled to a series of pentapeptides composed of varying combinations of Asp and Glu to create PSMA-activated prodrugs. One of these prodrugs with the sequence 12ADT-Asp-Glu*Glu*Glu*Glu was efficiently hydrolyzed by PSMA and resulted in accumulation of high levels of the cleaved product in tumor tissue compared to normal tissue. The goal of this study is to take advantage of this selective ... |
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| A Role for TACI in Prostate Neoplasia |
Jan-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Gotz-Ullrich VonBulow; INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS
|
| This research study proposed that TNF- family growth factors, BAFF and APRIL play a role in prostate cancer. Our hypothesis proposed that APRIL provides a proliferative signal to normal prostate epithelial cells by means of an unknown receptor. We postulated that TACI is an antagonist receptor which functions to regulate APRIL-mediated proliferation of cells by inducing apoptosis and thereby maintaining the normal glandular structure. The loss of TACI expression in ... |
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| Genetically Targeted Radiotherapy Utilizing the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter in Human Breast Carcinoma Cells |
JUL 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Kimberly Krager; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| The purpose of this proposal was to elaborate on the viability of NIS-mediated genetically targeted radiotherapy as a possible novel therapeutic intervention in human breast carcinoma. Problems encountered with SK- Pr-3 forced other cell limes to be utilized for tumor growth and imaging. A stable NIS expressing clone was derived from SK-Pr-3 cell lime. The ability of the clone to accumulate radioactivity was lost after several passages, which may be ... |
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| SAPHIRE: A New Flat-Panel Digital Mammography Detector With Avalanche Photoconductor and High-Resolution Field Emitter Readout |
JUN 2006 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Wei Zhao; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| A new concept of flat-panel imager (FPI) with avalanche gain and high resolution (with 50 micron pixel size) is being investigated for improving the imaging performance of digital mammography at low dose and high spatial frequencies, which are critical for the detection of subtle breast abnormalities and the development of digital tomosynthesis. The detector employs an avalanche photoconductor - amorphous selenium (a-Se), called HARP, to detect and amplify the optical ... |
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| Genetically Targeted Radiotherapy Utilizing the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter in Human Breast Carcinoma Cells |
APR 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Kimberly Krager; Frederick E. Domann; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| The purpose of this proposal was to examine the efficiency of NIS mediated genetically targeted radiotherapy as a possible non-invasive therapeutic treatment in human breast carcinoma. SK-Br-3 cells were transfected with hNlS plasmid to develop stable NIS expressing cells. Clones were grown and are currently being screen for radioactive accumulation. The stable NIS-expressing cells will then be utilized in determining the level of NIS expression necessary to elicit a bystander ... |
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| The Mechanistic Role of Iodine in Breast Carcinogenesis |
OCT 2005 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Keisuke S. Iwamoto; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| There is both considerable interest and ignorance in the possible role of iodine in the etiology and prognosis of breast cancer. This project is the first step in elucidating a mechanistic role for iodine in breast carcinogenesis. The data that we have been able to generate to date suggest that our hypothesis is correct; namely, using transgenic human breast cancer cells (MCF7) overexpressing the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) and/or lactoperoxidase (LPO), ... |
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| A New Flat-Panel Digital Mammography Detector with Avalanche Photoconductor and High-Resolution Field Emitter Readout |
JUN 2005 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Wei Zhao; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| A new concept of flat-panel imager (FPI) with avalanche gain and high resolution (with 50 micron pixel size) is being investigated for improving the imaging performance of digital mammography at low doses and high spatial frequencies, which are critical for the detection of subtle breast abnormalities and the development of digital tomosynthesis. The detector employs an avalanche photoconductor, amorphous selenium (a-Se), called HARP, to detect and amplify the optical signal ... |
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| Sodium Iodide Symporter Gene Transfer for Imaging and Ablation of Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2005 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Sissy M. Jhiang; OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBUS
|
| The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mediates iodide uptake in thyroid follicular cells and provides a mechanism for effective radioiodide treatment of residual, recurrent, and metastatic thyroid cancers. The objective of the proposed research is to test the hypothesis that expression of exogenous hNIS in prostatic tissue will enable radioiodide to localize and ablate residual prostate cancer following prostatectomy, such that recurrence and metastasis of the disease can be prevented. The ... |
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| Sodium Iodide Symporter Gene Transfer for Imaging and Ablation of Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2004 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Sissy M. Jhiang; OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBUS
|
| The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mediates iodide uptake in thyroid follicular cells and provides a mechanism for effective radioiodide treatment of residual, recurrent, and metastatic thyroid cancers. The objective of the proposed research is to test the hypothesis that expression of exogenous hNIS in prostatic tissue will enable radioiodide to localize and ablate residual prostate cancer following prostatectomy, such that recurrence and metastasis of the disease can be prevented. The ... |
|
| Synthesis, Characterization, and Structural Investigations of 1-amino-3- Substituted-1,2,3-Triazolium Salts, and a New Route to 1-substituted-1,2,3- triazoles |
JAN 2004 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory Kaplan; Greg Drake; Kerri Tollison; Leslie Hall; Tommy Hawkins; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Quarternary salts based upon 3-alkyl substituted 1-amino-1,2,3- triazolium cations (alkyl = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 2-propenyl, and n-butyl) have been synthesized and characterized by vibrational spectra, multinuclear NMR, elemental analysis, and DSC studies. Subsequent diazotization of these salts results in the exclusive formation of 1-alkyl-1,2,3-triazoles. Single crystal x-ray studies were carried out for 1-amino-3- methyl-1,2,3-triazolium iodide, 1-amino-3-ethyl-1,2,3-triazolium bromide, 1-amino-3-npropyl- 1,2,3- triazolium bromide, and 1-amino-3-n-butyl-1,2,3-triazolium bromide as well as the starting heterocycle, ... |
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| Characterisation of Collagen Scaffolds Using X-ray Microtomography |
APR 2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Patric J. Smith; Eleftherios Sachlos; Samuel McDonald; Nuno Reis; Brian Derby; MANCHESTER UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM) MATERIALS SCIENCE CENTER
|
| Collagen scaffolds have been produced that incorporate predefined internal channels. The scaffolds were obtained with the aid of sacrificial moulds that have been manufactured using a rapid prototyping technique. A computer aided design file of the mould was created and then realised using an ink-jet printer. A dispersion of collagen was then cast into the mould and frozen. Ethanol was used to dissolve the mould leaving the collagen which was ... |
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| Sodium Iodide Symporter Gene Transfer for Imaging and Ablation of Prostate Cancer |
JAN 2003 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Sissy M. Jhiang; OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLUMBUS
|
| The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) mediates iodide uptake in thyroid follicular cells and provides a mechanism for effective radioiodide treatment of residual, recurrent, and metastatic thyroid cancers. The objective of the proposed research is to test the hypothesis that expression of exogenous hNIS in prostatic tissue will enable radioiodide to localize and ablate residual prostate cancer following prostatectomy, such that recurrence and metastasis of the disease can be prevented. |
|
| Comparison of Several Detector Technologies for Measurement of Special Nuclear Materials |
2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
A. E. Proctor; K. R. Pohl; CONSTELLATION TECHNOLOGY CORP LARGO FL
|
| Gamma spectral analysis of measurements made on Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) provides identification and sometimes quantification of the SNM present. Different radiation detection technologies have been used for measurement of SNM. Selection of one of these for a particular application depends on the information that can be obtained using that detector and on the support needed to use the detection technology, especially if it is to be applied at sites ... |
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| Pulsed COIL with Volume Generation of Iodine Atoms in Electric Discharge |
17 JUL 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Nikolai N. Yuryshev; Nikolai P. Vagin; Aleksei F. Konoshenko; Vladimir S. Paziuk; LEBEDEV PHYSICS INST MOSCOW (RUSSIA)
|
| The method of volume generation of iodine atoms to obtain the pulsed mode of COIL is the most effective by the ratio of pulsed power to cw one at the same flowrate of chemicals. The electric discharge is a very convenient tool to produce iodine atoms in an active medium. The electrical efficiency close to 100% was obtained when longitudinal glow discharge was used. The investigation of both influence of ... |
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| Brain-Sparing Strategy for Breast Cancer Treatment and Prevention |
JUL 2002 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Anat Biegon; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| Tamoxifen is a mainstay of hormonal therapy for breast cancer patients, but its antagonism of estrogen actions in the brain has the potential of depriving women of the beneficial effects of estrogen on affect and cognition. Tamoxifen methyl iodide (TMI) was designed to obviate this potential problem through limited access to the brain confirmed by the permanent charge on the molecule. To prove that TMI and its metabolites do not ... |
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| Regulation to I Transport in Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
JUN 2002 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Claudia Riedel; Nancy Carrasco; ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL OF MEDICINE OF (YESHIVA UNIV) BRONX NY
|
| Like thyroid tissue, lactating breast actively accumulates iodide via the Na+/I- symporter (NIS). Iodide is thus supplied to the nursing newborn in the milk. Iodide transport via NIS has been used successfully for over 60 years to treat thyroid cancer by administration of radioiodide. We have shown that over 80% of human breast cancers express NIS, raising the possibility that radioiodide may be used for diagnosis and treatment of breast ... |
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| Effects of Pollutants and Micro-Organisms on the Absorption of Electrolytic Hydrogen in Iron |
NOV 2001 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
H. W. Pickering; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The objective of this research was to define the conditions under which pollutants, in particular, those produced by bacteria such as sulfide end products of the SRB, affect the amount of hydrogen absorption by iron/steel. The research focused on thiosulfate and H2S as promoters of hydrogen absorption, as well as some potential inhibitor species, and included both modeling and hydrogen permeation experiments. For improved understanding of how these species affect ... |
|
| Regulation of I Transport in Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
JUN 2001 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Claudia Riedel; Nancy Carrasco; ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL OF MEDICINE OF (YESHIVA UNIV) BRONX NY
|
| Like thyroid tissue, breast tissue and some breast cancers are able to accumulate iodide. Iodide accumulated by the lactating breast is secreted into the milk. Iodide is then used by the nursing newborn for the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, which are essential for the newborn's development. The capacity to accumulate iodide has been used successfully for over 50 years in the treatment of thyroid cancer by administration of radioiodide to ... |
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| Preparation of Bulk Drug for the U.S. Army Drug Development Program |
MAR 2001 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jaroslav Novotny; STARKS ASSOCIATES INC BUFFALO NY
|
| Two task order assignments were completed during the reporting period. The first assignment consisted of both the preparation of 2H-pyrido2,3- D1,3oxazine-2,4(1H)-dione and studies directed towards the potential syntheses of three additional aza- and diazaisatoic anhydrides. The second assignment was the synthesis of benzamide, 4,4'-1,5-PENTANEDIYLBIS- (OXY)BISN-hydroxy-. The following target compounds were synthesized during this period: 2H-pyrido2,3-D 1,3oxazine-2,4(1H)-dione; 4,4'-1,5-PENTANEDIYLBIS(OXY)-BIS N-hydroxy-. |
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| Limitations of the Hecht Equation Encountered in Measuring mu tau Products in Mercuric Iodide |
2001 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Fred P. Vaccaro; Ken R. Pohl; Stan J. Smith; Lodewijk Van Den Berg; Ray P. DeVito; Craig R. Johnson; CONSTELLATION TECHNOLOGY CORP LARGO FL
|
| While attempting to measure (mu)t products in HgI2 using the pulse rise time method a method based on the Hecht equation fundamental limitations of the Hecht equation were revealed These limitations restrict the equations utility even for the case for which it was originally developed, i.e. when carrier trapping occurs without de-trapping. The Hecht equation purportedly analytically characterizes the charge collection process under uniform field and permanent charged carrier trapping ... |
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| Mercuric Iodide X-Ray and Gamma Ray Detectors for Astronomy |
2001 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Lodewijk Van Den Berg; John S. Sandoval; Ronald Vigil; John D. Richards; Fred P. Vaccaro; Martin Hykin; Raymond P. DeVito; CONSTELLATION TECHNOLOGY CORP LARGO FL
|
| The recent technological developments and availability of mercuric iodide detectors have made their application for astronomy a realistic prospect. Mercuric iodide because of its high resistivity and high density can be used in a variety of astronomy instrumentation where high spectral resolution, low noise levels, stability of performance, resistance to damage by charged particles and overall ruggedness are of critical importance. X-ray detectors with areas of 12 to 100 mm ... |
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| Preparation of Chemicals and Bulk Drug Substance for the U.S. Army Drug Development Program |
MAR 2000 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Jaroslav Novotny; STARKS ASSOCIATES INC BUFFALO NY
|
| Three task order assignments were completed during the reporting period. The first assignment was the synthesis of additional beta-artelinic acid. The second was synthesis of series of oxamic acids. the third the preparation of three heterocycles. |
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| Effects of Pollutants and Microorganisms on the Absorption of Electrolytic Hydrogen in Iron |
MAY 1999 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
H. W. Pickering; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The objective of this research is to define conditions under which pollutants, in particular those produced by bacteria such as sulfide end products of the SRB, affect the amount of hydrogen absorbed by iron/ steel. Thiosulfate in neutral solutions enhances the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the hydrogen absorption reaction (HAR) on iron. A concentration of 10mM thiosulfate increases the hydrogen absorption rate by 3 fold. This promoting effect of ... |
|
| Final Technical Report for AFOSR Grant #F49620-97-1-0261 |
FEB 1998 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
J. G. Eden; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Research conducted under AFOSR grant no. F49620-97-l-026l focused on exploring the properties of microdischarge devices fabricated in silicon. Cylindrical devices having diameters between 20 micrometers and 400 micrometers have been fabricated and intense emission on the B --> X transition of xenon monoiodide (XeI) in the ultraviolet (UV) is produced when mixtures of Xe/I2 are introduced to the discharge. Having specific power loadings beyond 100 kW-/cu cm on a continuous ... |
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| Diatom Attachment at Aquatic Interfaces: Molecular Interactions, Mechanisms, and Physiology of Adhesion |
26 NOV 97 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Michael R. Gretz; Kyle D. Hoagland; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON
|
| We have answered fundamental questions regarding the mechanisms of attachment and the nature of the biocomposite adhesives utilized by the marine biofouling diatom Achnanthes longipes and the freshwater Cymbella cistula. During the course of this grant we have: (1) delineated the sequence of events involved in attachment of the organisms to a variety of surfaces; (2) discovered that initial adhesion is mediated by different methods/polymers on hydrophilic surfaces vs. those ... |
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| Process for Forming Epitaxial BaF2 on GaAs |
25 NOV 1997 |
|
| Authors:
Francisco Santiago; Tak Kin Chu; Michael Stumborg; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
 | A process for growing single crystal epitaxial BaF2 layers on gallium arsenide substrates by slowly reacting Ba, BaCl2, BaI2, BaBr2, BaF2.BaCl2, BaF2.BaBr2, BaF2.BaI2, BaCl2.BaBr2, Ba3(GaF6)2, BAH2, or BaO2 vapor with a clean, hot GaAs substrate at 500 to 700 deg C. in high vacuum until a uniform, thin (^ 12 A) layer of reaction product is formed and then vapor depositing BaF2 onto the reaction layer at room temperature to ... |
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| Shock-Induced and Shock-Assisted Reaction Synthesis of Materials |
24 NOV 97 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Naresh Thadhani; Tyrus Royal; Jong-Heon Lee; Partrick Counihan; Shantanu Namjoshi; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA
|
| The beneficial effects of shock-compression of powders and solid- state chemical reactions were utilized to synthesize Ti-Si and Ti-A1 intermetallics, Ti-B and Ti-C ceramics, and Ti-Si:Ti-A1 composites. Time- resolved stress measurements provided evidence for shock-initiation of reactions in 53% dense Ti-Si powders, based on increased wave speed and volume expansion (due to formation of intermetallic product with higher elastic modulus) measured at shock-pressures exceeding 1.5 GPa. These measurements combined with ... |
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| Comparison of Scintillation Detection Efficiencies of Depleted Uranium in Wounds |
MAY 97 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Shelley Zuehike; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Depleted uranium (DU) has been used to reinforce military equipment and weapon systems due to its high density and metallurgical properties. During Desert Shield/Storm, some soldiers were wounded by fragments of depleted uranium metal which became imbedded in various locations in their bodies. The Army Radiation Research Office in Fort Belvoir, Virginia, requested assistance from Colorado State University in finding a portable and easily operated system for detecting depleted uranium ... |
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| Synthesis, Characterization and Immobilization of Nanocrystalline Binary and Ternary III-V (13-15) Compound Semiconductors |
20 DEC 95 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Lara I. Halaoui; Shreyas S. Kher; Michael S. Lube; Steven R. Aubuchon; Carolynne R. Hagan; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Two synthetic routes to nanocrystalline III-V (13-15) materials are discussed. The first employs dehalosilylation reactions between Group III trihalides and E(SiMe3)3 (E = P, As) in hydrocarbon solvents affording nanocrystalline III-V semiconductors or their precursors. The second involves reactions of MX3 (M = Ga, X = Cl, I; M = In, X = Cl, I) in glymes with in situ synthesized (Na/K)3E (E = P, As, Sb) in aromatic solvents, ... |
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| Liquid Core Structure of Evaporating Sprays at High Pressures - Flash X- Ray Studies |
DEC 95 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
A. Birk; M. McQuaid; M. Gross; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report describes the development and application of flash x-ray radiography for studying the core structure of atomizing jets at high temperatures (to 2,300 K) and pressures (1.4-13.8 MPa). Methyl iodide (CH3I) was injected at approximately 75 m/s through a 1-mm-circular orifice into (hot) nitrogen or the post-combustion products of an H2/Air/Ar mixture. Similar experiments involving injections at 40 m/s through thin, annular orifices were also conducted. Radiographs which resolve ... |
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| Synthesis of Well Defined Polymers by Controlled Radical Polymerizations |
30 JUN 95 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski; Scott Gaynor; Dorota Greszta; Daniela Mardare; Takeo Shigemoto; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Controlled radical polymerizations can be achieved by using either unimolecular or bimolecular exchange between growing radicals and dormant chains. Dormant chains can be represented as either covalent species or organometallic compounds. Systems based on alkoxyamines, organochromium, organoaluminum compounds, and alkyl iodides are discussed in detail. In many systems, straight semilogarithmic plots indicate a constant number of growing radicals. A linear increase of molecular weights with conversion indicates a constant number ... |
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| Development and Testing of Treatments for Battlefield Phosgene Poisoning |
30 MAY 95 |
|
| Authors:
Gail H. Gurtner; David J. Anderson; Trank Traganos; Sanford R. Simon; NEW YORK MEDICAL COLL VALHALLA
|
| The aim of the first phase of this project has been to characterize changes in microvascular endothelial cells and alveolar epithelial cells after exposure to phosgene in vitro, so that proposed prophylactic and therapeutic interventions can be evaluated in the second phase. In the first months, we showed that an anti-neutrophil antibody reduces both neutrophil infiltration into the lungs and the late-onset protein leak into the alveolar space after exposure ... |
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| Surface Chemistry of Diamond Single Crystals |
21 APR 95 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
John T. Tates Jr; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| Diamond(100) was studied as a substrate for the adsorption of atomic hydrogen and fluorine. Both surface C-H bonds and surface C-F bonds are of importance in the tribological use of diamond film coating. A new and facile method for depositing surface fluorine on diamond has been developed. The method involves the photochemical dissociation of perfluoroalkyl iodide molecules depositing C(n)F(2n+1) groups on the diamond. These groups, upon thermal dissociation, produce surface ... |
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| The Enhancement of Metallic Silver Monomer Evaporation by the Adhesion of Polar Molecules to Silver Nanocluster Ions |
21 SEP 94 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Clifton Fagerquist; Dilip K. Sensharma; Angel Rubio; Marvin L. Cohen; M. A. El-Sayed; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| We have compared the metallic evaporation channels from metastable Ag(X=5,7,11)(AgI)(Y=1-4)(+) clusters in the 1st FFR of a double focussing mass spectrometer with that of the corresponding pure metallic clusters, Ag(X=5,7,11) (+). It is found that the presence of the polar AgI molecules increases the rate of silver monomer evaporation relative to that of silver dimer evaporation. Using thermodynamic expressions for the heat of evaporation of the different evaporation processes and ... |
|
| Excess Energy and Structural Dependence of the Rate of Energy Redistribution During the Photodissociation of Iodotoluenes |
27 MAY 94 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
John E. Freitas; Hyun J. Hwang; M. A. El-Sayed; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| The ortho (2-), meta (3-1), and para (4-) iodotolunes (C7H7I) photodissociated at 266 nm and 30.4 nm and studied with state-selective one- dimensional photo-fragment translational spectroscopy with state-selective velocity, and translational energy distributions are obtained for the ground I(2P3/2) and spin-orbit excited state I*(2P1/2) iodine atoms produced photodissociation. As has been observed in iodobenzene, the ground state I channel observed in each isomer of iodotoluene exhibits both a prompt alkyl ... |
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| A Tandem Microscopic-Electrochemical Examination of A Charge-Induced Surface Phase Sequence: Ordered Au(110) in Aqueous Iodide Electrolytes as Probed by Potentiodynamic Scanning Tunneling Microscopy |
FEB 94 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoping Gao; Gregory J. Edens; Michael J. Weaver; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Atomic-level structural and dynamical aspects of the electrode potential-induced sequence of surface phases on ordered Au(110) in dilute aqueous alkali iodide electrolytes have been explored by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) coupled with cyclic voltammetry. This system exhibits a potentially rich series of electro-induced phase transitions triggered primarily by increasing iodide adsorption towards more positive potentials, together with alkali cation coadsorption. Exploration of the real-space phase-transition dynamics, in particular, is facilitated ... |
|
| A New-Type of Long-Range Restructuring of Ordered Metal Surfaces Induced by Lateral Adsorbate Interactions: Iodide on AU(110) Electrodes |
FEB 94 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoping Gao; Michael J. Weaver; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A new form of long-range surface restructuring of Au(110) is reported, specifically for Au(110) in aqueous iodide electrolyte at high electrode potentials where an ordered iodide adlayer is present. In-situ scanning tunneling microscopy reveals the formation of periodic terrace strips paralleling the direction with widths, ca 25-40 A, that diminish as the surface potential is increased. The (1 x 1) substrate unit cell, however, remains unaffected. The restructuring is postulated ... |
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| Synthesis of Antidotes and Prophylactics for Organophosphorus Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors |
01 JUL 1993 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Richard J. Sundberg; Phuoc Van Nguyen; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A series of imidazolylalkyl N,N-dimethylcarbamates was prepared for evaluation of prophylactic and antidotal activity against organophosphorus acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. The series includes the N,N-dimethylcarbamates of 2- and 4-hydroxyalkyl imidazoles, where alkyl is methyl, ethyl or propyl. The final compounds were the 1,3-dimethyl quaternary iodide or tosylate salts. The preparative methods involved reaction of a lithiated imidazole with formaldehyde, oxirane or oxetane to introduce the hydroxyalkyl substituent. For 4-substituted compounds, 2-phenylthioimidazoles were ... |
|
| Novel Electron Beam Cathode |
JUL 93 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
K. J. Hendricks; D. E. Voss; E. Garate; R. McWilliams; T. A. Spencer; PHILLIPS LAB KIRTLAND AFB NM
|
| Experiments have been conducted during the past year to develop an electron beam cathode which is capable of producing a moderate perveance beam for several microsecond pulse lengths and is not susceptible to diode closure. The requirements, successfully met by this salt-based cold emission cathode, include operating in modest vacuums of 10-5 Torr, voltages less than or equal 160 kV, and the ability to generate solid or annular cross section ... |
|
| Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Surface Chemistry Induced by Direct and Indirect Electronic Excitation |
JUL 93 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Peter C. Stair; Eric Weitz; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| There is now a considerable body of work concerned with the uv photochemistry of molecules adsorbed on well characterized metal, and to a lesser extent, semiconductor and insulator surfaces. Several detailed review articles have already appeared on this subject. It has become clear that the photochemistry of monolayer adsorbates on surfaces is strongly influenced by a competition between promotion of the molecule to an excited state and quenching of that ... |
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| In Vitro Evaluation of Candidate Pretreatment and Treatment Compounds Against sulfur Mustard (HD) -Induced Human Mononuclear Leukocyte Toxicity Using a Dye Exclusion Cell Viability Assay |
13 MAY 1993 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Starner; J. A. Blank; D. W. Hobson; R. G. Menton; H. L. Meier; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH
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| An assay measuring propidium iodide (PI) incorporation into nonviable human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBML) was established at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD), and the technology transferred and implemented at Battelle's Medical Research and Evaluation Facility (MREF) for use as a screen to evaluate candidate compounds for direct cytotoxicity as well as for efficacy in preventing HD-induced cytotoxicity. For assay transition, studies were performed to ... |
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| Pretreatment of Isolated Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes with L- Oxothiazolidine 4-Carboxylate Reduces Sulfur Mustard Cytotoxicity |
13 MAY 1993 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Clark L. Gross; William J. Smith; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Despite 70 years of research, there appears to be no satisfactory prophylaxis or treatment for the vesicant chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (HD). Attempts to modify cytotoxicity of HD are now focusing on the use of intracellular 'scavengers' to interact with sulfur mustard before it can react with critical targets within the cell. Glutathione (GSH) is known to react readily with HD and is involved in the major metabolic pathway ... |
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| Cytometric Analysis of DNA Changes Induced by Sulfur Mustard |
13 MAY 1993 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
W. J. Smith; K. M. Sanders; S. E. Ruddle; C. L. Gross; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Sulfur mustard is an alkylating agent which causes severe, potentially debilitating blisters following cutaneous exposure. Its mechanism of pathogenesis is unknown and no antidote exists to prevent its pathology. The biochemical basis of sulfur mustard's vesicating activity has been hypothesized to be a cascade of events beginning with alkylation of DNA. Using human cells in culture, we have assessed the effects of sulfur mustard on cell cycle activity using flow ... |
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| Effect of Prolonged Administration of Iodine Containing Water Purification Tablets in Man |
15 APR 93 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Homer J. Lemar Jr.; William J. Georgitis; Michael T. McDermott; FITZSIMONS ARMY MEDICAL CENTER AURORA CO
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| Tetraglycine hydroperiodide tablets purify water by liberating 8 milligrams of iodine per tablet. The effects on thyroid size, function , and iodine uptake resulting from ingestion of four of these tablets daily for three months were studied in eight healthy volunteers. Thyroid size was determined by ultrasound. The thyroid-pituitary axis was assessed by bolus thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) tests. Urinary iodide levels increased from 0.276 to 40 mg/d. The mean ... |
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| Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Electric Double Layers with Spectroscopic Applications |
14 APR 93 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
M. R. Philpott; J. N. Glosli; IBM ALMADEN RESEARCH CENTER SAN JOSE CA
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| Molecular dynamics is used to model the structure and dynamics of electric double layers at a charged metal surface and to ask questions of spectroscopic interest. In particular: What is the molecular basis for changing the position of the outer Helmholtz plane (OHP) thereby tuning the electric field across the inner layer? Another topic is the microscopic basis of modulation spectroscopies like SNIFTIRS. Our MD simulations of an immersed electrode ... |
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| Molecular Dynamics Modeling of Electric Double Layer |
14 APR 93 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
James N. Glosli; Michael R. Philpott; IBM ALMADEN RESEARCH CENTER SAN JOSE CA
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| Constant temperature molecular dynamics calculations of a simple model of a charged metal electrode immersed in electrolyte show the following features known to exist experimentally: incipience of a compact layer, formation of a diffuse layer, presence of highly oriented water layer next to the metal, penetration of nominally diffuse layer species into inner Helmholtz region, ion pair formation between contact adsorbed ion and diffuse layer ion. All these effects emerge ... |
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| Characterization of Copper Iodide Thin Films Fabricated via Laser Assisted Molecular Beam Epitaxy |
03 APR 93 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
W. M. Weijekoon; M. Y. Lyktey; P. N. Prasd; James F. Garvey; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| For the first time the technique laser assisted molecular beam epitaxy (LAMBE) has been used to fabricate a molecular film by reaction in a molecular beam. Molecular iodine vapor entrained into a stream of helium carrier gas was introduced via a supersonic expansion into the plasma plume of laser evaporated copper to produce copper iodide. Films were deposited on substrates that were situated about 3 cm downstream on the path ... |
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