| Iron Limitation and the Role of Siderophores in Marine Synechococcus |
Jun-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Adam R Rivers; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
 | Marine cyanobacteria in the genus Synechococcus are widely distributed and contribute significantly to global primary productivity. In many parts of the ocean their growth is limited by a lack of iron, an essential nutrient that is virtually insoluble in seawater. To overcome this, Synechococcus have evolved a number of strategies to acquire iron. Gene distribution, metagenomics and a novel immunological flow cytometry assay in the Costa Rica Upwelling Dome were ... |
|
| Potential for Biodegradation of the Alkaline Hydrolysis End Products of TNT and RDX |
NOV 2007 |
88 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah R. Felt; Catherine C. Nestler; Jeffrey L. Davis; Steven L. Larson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
 | Energetic compounds, such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and their degradation products, can act as a source of contamination for soil on Department of Defense testing and training ranges. Base-catalyzed hydrolysis degrades nitroaromatics and nitramines, and the potential effectiveness of this reaction in soil has been demonstrated at both bench and pilot scales. This report evaluates the potential for soil bacteria to degrade the transformation products from the alkaline hydrolysis ... |
|
| Development and Evaluation of realistic Microbioassays in Droplets on a Chip |
27 OCT 2007 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Orlin D. Velev; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH OFFICE OF CONTRACTS AND GRANTS
|
| We developed a novel technique for biomolecular detection in microliter droplets floating on the surface of high density oil. Each droplet was captured and manipulated dielectrophoretically and was used as a site for a microscopic bioassay based on agglutination of antibody-conjugated particles. The results were read out by the pattern of agglomerated gold nanoparticles collected on the droplet surface. Two formats of bioassays, namely GOAgg (Gold Only Agglutination) and GLAgg ... |
|
| Engineering Considerations for Hydroxide Treatment of Training Ranges |
JUN 2007 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey L. Davis; Steven L. Larson; Deborah R. Felt; Catherine C. Nestler; W. A. Martin; LeeAnn Riggs; Edward J. Valente; G. R. Bishop; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The use of hydrated lime has the potential to be an effective in situ technology for the destruction and containment of explosives contamination. This was proven with the results from the SERDP project CU-1230, where it was shown to rapidly degrade RDX and TNT. However, prior to field deployment of this technology additional experimental work was required to address concerns regarding the mechanism of the alkaline hydrolysis reaction, the character ... |
|
| Fighting Islamic Terrorists With Democracy: A Critique |
21 MAY 2007 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Stebbins William E.; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| The response of U.S. foreign policy to the volatile rise of global jihadism in the wake of the 9/11 attacks has been sweeping and multifaceted. One key pillar of U.S. strategic response has been the active promotion of Western representative democracy in those regions of the Islamic world identified as jihadist centers of incubation (namely: Afghanistan and Iraq). This objective-commitment to establishing representative democracies in Afghanistan and Iraq-has required, and ... |
|
| Incubation and Growth of Life Sciences, Medical and Biotechnology Businesses in Proteomics, Genomics, Medicine, and Dentistry |
APR 2007 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S. Long; Brian C. Laughlin; Justin M. Wiseman; Timothy Pyle; Kevin J. Boscacci; Katia Rothhaar; Cynthia J. Helphingstine; ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INST INDIANAPOLIS IN
|
| Trace level detection of chemical warfare agent simulants and biological toxins by desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) has been demonstrated. The detection of several chemical agent simulants as well as peptide and fungal toxins was shown at picogram levels from a variety of surfaces and in the presence of potential matrix interferences. In addition the detection of intact bacterial cells was also demonstrated. Smears of cells taken from cultures were analyzed ... |
|
| Early Host Responses to Prion Infection and Development of an In Vitro Bioassay |
SEP 2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
George A. Carison; MCLAUGHLIN RESEARCH INST GREAT FALLS MT
|
| The goal of this project is to identify pathways and networks of genes and proteins perturbed by prion replication. The unusual nature of prion disease prompted a systems approach to identify networks specifically perturbed by prion infections and to determine which perturbations are essential for various aspects of the disease. We previously tracked changes in gene expression ninbrain and spleen for two different prion strains and five different lines of ... |
|
| An Electrochemiluminescence-Based Competitive Displacement Immunossay for the Type-2 Brevetoxius in Oyster Extracts |
24 JUL 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A. Poli; Victor R. Rivera; Dwayne D. Neal; Daniel G. Baden; Shawn A. Messer; Steven M. Plakas; Robert W. Dickey; Kathleen E. Said; Leanne Flewelling; David Green; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| A new competitive electrochemiluminescence-based immunoassay for the type-2 brevetoxins in oyster extracts was developed. The assay was verified by spiking known amounts of PbTx-3 into 80% methanol extracts of Gulf Coast oysters. We also provide preliminary data demonstrating that 100% acetone extracts, aqueous homogenates, and the clinical matrixes urine and serum can also be analyzed without significant matrix interferences. The assay offers the advantages of speed (2 h analysis time); ... |
|
| Relating the Biogeochemistries of Zinc, Cobalt, and Phosphorus to Phytoplankton Activities in the Sea |
JUN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Rachel J. Wisniewski; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| This thesis explores the potential of zinc, cobalt and phosphorus to influence phytoplankton production. In the North Pacific and Bering Sea, total zinc concentrations were measured in the near-surface and in deep profiles. Zinc speciation was measured with a novel anodic stripping voltammetry method. Zinc's ability to influence primary production in the North- Pacific was demonstrated in a shipboard incubation and by comparing two phytoplankton pigments to zinc concentrations. In ... |
|
| Prostaglandin E2 Receptor Expression by Osteoblasts is Modulated by Implant Surface Roughness and Prostaglandin E2 |
MAY 2006 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
MaCasey M. Campbell; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO
|
| While the predictability of dental implants is ever-increasing, the search for a more rapid and complete healing response, and thus earlier loading, is a much sought-after goal. Of prime importance in early wound healing is the inflammatory process, of which prostaglandins play a major role. Relatively little is known about the cellular receptors for prostaglandins, EP receptors, especially with regard to osteoblast response to implant surface roughness and early events ... |
|
| Identification of Breast Cancer Specific Proteolytic Activities for Targeted Prodrug Activation |
MAY 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel R. Denmeade; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| The underlying hypothesis of this proposal is that a breast tissue/cancer proteolytic activity can be identified by screening the extracellular fluid from human breast cancers with a fluorescence quenched random peptide library. The peptide substrate(s) identified from this screening could be used to produce prodrugs that are targeted for specific activation by proteolytic activity present in extracellular fluid of breast cancers while avoiding systemic toxicity. In the first year we ... |
|
| A Smallpox and an Inhalation Anthrax Model Implemented Using Ordinary Differential Equations |
14 MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
D. C. Jamrog; A. A. Szpiro; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| This report presents one approach for modeling smallpox and inhalation anthrax outbreaks using ODEs (ordinary differential equations). This approach is related to a standard SEIR (susceptible exposed infected recovered) model. For each model, we define the states that characterize the uninfected and infected populations, the parameters governing disease progression, and the ODEs that govern the transitions between the population states. In both models, medical capacity and treatment limitations are considered. ... |
|
| A Smallbox and an Inhalation Anthrax Model Implemented Using Ordinary Differential Equations |
14 MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
D. C. Jamrog; A. A. Szpiro; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| This report presents one approach for modeling smallpox and inhalation anthrax outbreaks using ODEs (ordinary differential equations). This approach is related to a standard SEIR (susceptible exposed infected recovered) model. For each model, we define the states that characterize the uninfected and infected populations, the parameters governing disease progression, and the ODEs that govern the transitions between the population states. In both models, medical capacity and treatment limitations are considered. ... |
|
| Thermal Stabilizing of Shelf-Stable Egg Products Based on Radio Frequency Energy Technology |
01 APR 2005 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Juming Tang; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN
|
| The Combat Rations Network (CORANET) is a Defense Logistic Agency (DLA) sponsored manufacturing technology program to improve the quality, reduce the cost, and increase the productivity of operational rations while increasing DLA's surge capability in the area of military rations. This report summarizes results obtained in Phase I of contract STP 2005. Objective of the proposal in phase I was to determine the feasibility of using RF technology to produce ... |
|
| Structure Optimization of 21, 23-Core-Modified Porphyrins Absorbing Long-Wavelength Light as Potential Photosensitizers Against Breast Cancer Cells |
APR 2005 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Youngjae You; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT ALBANY RESEARCH FOUNDATION
|
| The main subjects of year one were to prepare the diverse structures of core-modified porphyrins, and to examine their physical properties and in vitro biological activities. Twenty five dithiaporphyrin compounds were synthesized with different features in size, symmetry, and electronic property at meso-aromatic groups of the porphyrins. These structural analogues had similar absorption maxima (-700 nm) and quantum yields of singlet oxygen generation (^0.8). However, these structural changes showed striking ... |
|
| The Effect of Microbial FE(III) Reduction on Smectite Flocculation |
2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jin-Wook Kim; Yoko Furukawa; Hailiang Dong; Steve W. Newell; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This study was undertaken to investigate the changes in flocculation properties of Fe-rich smectite (nontronite, NAu-1) suspensions, including settling velocity, aggregate size and floc architecture associated with microbial Fe(III)-reduction in the smectite structure. The dissimilatory Fe-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 was incubated with lactate as the electron donor and structural Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor for 3, 12, 24 and 48 h in an aerobic chamber. Two controls were ... |
|
| Equol-Producing Bacteria and Estrogen Metabolism |
SEP 2004 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Charlotte Atkinson; FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTERSEATTLE WA
|
| Intestinal bacteria are involved in estrogen metabolism. Thus, inter- individual differences in intestinal bacterial populations may contribute to variation breast cancer risk via effects on estrogen metabolism. One-third to one-half of the population harbors the yet-to be-identified bacteria that metabolize daidzein, a soy isoflavone, to equol. Studies suggest that equol production may be associated with reduced breast cancer risk, but mechanisms for this relationship are unknown. Our objective was to ... |
|
| Differential Processing of Cyclin E Variants in Normal vs Tumor Cells and Their Role in Breast Cancer Oncogenesis |
AUG 2004 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Mollianne J. McGahren; Khandan Keyomarsi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Cyclin E is a positive regulator, which controls the transition of the G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. When associated with CDK2, it is responsible for cells passing through the restriction point, which is the barrier between G1 and S. This commits the cells to complete one round of cell division. Previous findings by this laboratory have found that overexpression of cyclin E and the presence of lower ... |
|
| Theoretical Modeling of Molecular Mechanism, Time Scales, and Strains in Prion Diseases |
JUL 2004 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel L. Cox; Rajiv R. Singh; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
|
| We have obtained significant research results on: 1)modeling the role of oligomeric intermediates in prion disease incubation dynamics and aggregation; 2) using an amino acid specific metal ions in the octarepeat regions of the prion protein, and 4) developing stochastic algorithm models for aggregation processes in prion disease. In the coming year we will: 1) attempt to extend our monte carlo code to allow for beta-sheet interactions between peptides; 2) ... |
|
| Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Prion Protein in Blood Using Isothermal Amplification Technology |
JUL 2004 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Neil T. Constantine; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE
|
| The detection of the pathologic prion protein that is Implicated in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) is necessary to diagnose the disease. Presently, the Western Blot or ELISA are used to test the brain stem in cattle for the presence of pathologic prion (PrP(exp Sc)) after Proteinase K (PK) digestion of normal, cellular prion (PrP(exp c)) before admission of these animals Into the food chain. An animal in the end stages ... |
|
| Cell-Cell Interactions, Extracellular Matrix Formation in Biofilms and Marine Fouling |
10 JUN 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Wigglesworth-Cooksey; Keith E. Cooksey; MONTANA STATE UNIV BOZEMAN DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY
|
| In the short-term, bacteria isolated from the same marine biofilms as diatoms caused the diatoms to form cellular aggregates, to lose their motility and their ability to adhere to surfaces. Longer incubation times lead to diatom lysis. A result of these actions was the reduction in structural stability of the mixed species biofilm to hydraulic stress. The active compound(s) from the bacteria was found to he secreted into the bacterial ... |
|
| Role of Nitric Oxide as a Chemosensitizer in Prostate Cancer |
FEB 2004 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Charles H. Graham; QUEEN'S UNIV KINGSTON (ONTARIO)
|
| Most patients who die of prostate cancer do so because of therapy failure. Regional hypoxia is a prevalent feature of prostate carcinomas and hypoxia contributes to chemoresistance in various types of cancer. Thanks to the funding provided by the US Army Medical Research and Material Command (Award no. DAMDl7-03-l-OO7O), we have shown that hypoxia increases resistance to more than one class of chemotherapeutic agents in human and rodent prostate cancer ... |
|
| Blood-Brain Barrier Transport of Uranium |
SEP 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Aschner; WAKE FOREST UNIV WINSTON-SALEM NC SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| Studies in Year 2 continued according to the original plan. Studies were carried out in RBE4 cells and in primary astrocyte cultures. In both cell types, there was a significant increase in 54manganese uptake due to the addition of uranium to the media. Incubation with uranium did not significantly alter DMT-1 may not be the putative transporter for uranium across the blood- brain barrier. In addition studies, which were delayed ... |
|
| Differential Processing of Cyclin E Variants in Normal vs Tumor cells and their Role in Breast Cancer Oncogenesis |
SEP 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Mollianne J. McGahren; Khandan Keyomarsi; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
|
| Cyclin E is a posftive regulator, which controls the transition of the Ol to S phase of the cell cycle. When associated with CDK2, it is responsible for cells passing through the restriction point, which is the barrier between Gi and S. This commits the cell to complete one round of cell division. Previous findings by this laboratory have found that overexpression of cyclin E and the presence of lower ... |
|
| Fluorometric Assay to Detect the Germination of Bacillus Anthracis Spores and the Germination Inhibitory Effects of Antibodies |
01-Jul-2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Susan L Welkos; Kelly M Rea; John S Lee; Paul H Gibbs; Stephen F Little; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| A sensitive assay for germination of spores of the anthrax agent was developed using a fluorescence reader. Significant inhibition of germination was detected for spores initially treated with antispore or antitoxin antibodies. Antigens specific to ungerminated spores that stimulate potentially protective antibodies are being identified and their role in inhibition of germination and in immune protection against anthrax will be determined. The germination of spores of Bacillus anthracis is typically ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 9, Number 1, January 2003 |
Jan-2003 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Malaria is a mosquito-transmitted febrile infectious disease that is endemic throughout the tropics. It is estimated that malaria accounts for nearly 500 million clinically significant cases and more than one million deaths each year worldwide. In recent years, the intensity and extent of malaria endemicity have increased. In the U.S. Army, many soldiers are permanently assigned in malaria endemic areas; in addition, many soldiers are exposed to malaria risk during ... |
|
| Interactions of HIV-1 and HIV-2 in West Africa |
OCT 2002 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Phyllis J. Kanki; HARVARD COLL CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| Since. the discovery of the second human immunodeficiency virus in 1985, considerable progress has been made in understanding the virology and epidemiology of HIV-2. The data suggests differences between HIV-2 and HIV-1 in geographic distribution, distinct epidemic trends, differences in perinatal transmission rates and incubation periods to the development of AIDS. The virologic determinants and mechanisms for these apparent biological differences are still unknown. However, an understanding of how HIV-2 ... |
|
| Discovery of DNA Binding Anticancer Drugs that Target Oncogenic Transcription Factors Associated with Human Breast Cancer |
OCT 2002 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Terry A. Beerman; HEALTH RESEARCH INC BUFFALO NY
|
| This proposal is designed to develop sequence specific DNA binding polyamides as an approach for specifically inhibiting Her2/neu expression, a gene that is over expressed in human breast cancers. The approach is to design polyamides that are optimized for targeting the binding of ESX a transcription factor which up regulates Her2/neu by binding to its consensus site within the Her2/neu promoter. Active agents are tested for their ability to inhibit ... |
|
| Immunotherapy of Breast With Tumor RNA Transfected Dendritic Cell Vaccines |
SEP 2002 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Eli Gilboa; DUKE UNIV MEDICAL CENTER DURHAM NC
|
| The goal of this grant was to develop effective treatments for patients with low volume metastatic disease using dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines loaded with tumor RNA. The proposed studies were based on our previous findings that RNA loaded DC of murine and human origin are highly effective stimulators of T cells and tumor immunity. Toward this end, we have developed a robust procedure for generating immunopotent DC from breast cancer ... |
|
| Prion Biology Study |
01 JUL 2002 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Rocco Casagrande; Charles L. Cooke; Virgen R. Wells; NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP ALEXANDRIA VA DEFENSE ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS
|
| In the early 1990's a novel disease of cattle was first recognized. This disease, called Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by erratie behavior and pronounced clumsiness in infected animals. Although the disease kills infected animals within a few months after symptoms appear, the appearance of symptoms can take several years. The BSE outbreak led to the destruction of thousands of herds of cattle and the ... |
|
| Discovery of DNA Binding Anticancer Drugs That Target Oncogenic Transcription Factors Associated With Human Breast Cancer |
OCT 2001 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Terry A. Beerman; HEALTH RESEARCH INC BUFFALO NY
|
| This proposal is designed to develop sequence specific DNA binding polyamides as an approach for specifically inhibiting Her2/neu expression, a gene that is over expressed in human breast cancers. The approach is to design polyamides that are optimized for targeting the binding of ESX a transcription factor which up regulates Her2/neu by binding to its consensus site within the Her2/neu promoter. Active agents are tested for their ability to inhibit ... |
|
| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 7, Number 1, January 2001 |
Jan-2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| As the most prevalent arthropod-transmitted disease in the world, malaria poses one of the most significant threats to the health and operational effectiveness of deployed military forces. Since the end of the cold war, deployments of US military forces have increased in numbers and expanded in geographic scope. As a result, US soldiers are now exposed to malaria risks more frequently and in more regions of the world than in ... |
|
| Methods and Models for Marine Optics Sources and Sinks |
06 OCT 2000 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
B. G. Mitchell; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH DIV
|
| The goal of this project was to develop a solar simulating UV-visible incubator to grow HAB dinoflagellates, to begin MAA analysis of samples collected on global cruises, and to carry out initial experiments on HAB dinoflagellate species in pure culture. Our scientific objectives are to quantify MAA production and spectral induction mechanisms in HAB species, to characterize spectral absorption of MAAs, and to define the ecological ... |
|
| Estrogens, Microtubules, and Aneuploidy: Mechanisms of Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis |
JUL 2000 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory Reed; KANSAS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER KANSAS CITY
|
| The remaining studies for this project were to be performed in primary and secondary cultures of rat mammary epithelial cells (RMEC) prepared from ACI and Sprague-Dawley rats. Eight attempts were made to grow these cells, either from freshly prepared cell suspensions or from cryopreserved cells. None of these attempts were successful. Cells began to exhibit an epithelial morphology but within 24-48 hours they ceased growth and detached from the collagen ... |
|
| Testing and Evaluation of the International Biomedical, Inc., Model 185M, Airborne Life Support System. |
JUN 2000 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Butch O. Blake; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| The International Biomedical, Inc., Model 185M, Airborne Life Support System (ALSS) is an infant transport incubator. It provides an environment to sustain an infant's life support requirements while being transported. The ALSS's standard infant chamber circulates heated air and comes equipped with one main door, one head door, and two hand ports. The ALSS's main door allows access for infant placement inside the infant chamber as well as further access ... |
|
| Electrochemical Sensors for Nondestructive Evaluation of Adhesive Bonds |
01 OCT 1999 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
G. D. Davis; L. A. Krebs; DACCO SCI INC COLUMBIA MD
|
| An in-situ corrosion sensor based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to detect moisture ingress into aluminum- aluminum and aluminum-composite adhesive bonds. Both wedge tests and tensile button tests (aluminum-aluminum bonds only) were performed. Upon moisture absorption, the impedance spectra change shape with the low-frequency region becoming resistive. The low-frequency impedance decreases by several orders of magnitude, depending on the adhesive and ... |
|
| Selectivity of Very High Dose Methotrexate in MCF-7 and Normal Cells Using a Priming and Non-Toxic 5-Fluorouracil Dose |
OCT 1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Donnell Bowen; HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| Utilizing the fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and the classical and nonclassical antifolates methotrexate (MTX) and trimetrexate (TMQ) , respectively, the goal of this research project is to illustrate how these agents may improve the quality of life by: exploiting differences in the biochemical pharmacology of MTX in human breast cancer cells and human bone marrow cells and providing a clear basis for the rescue or protection of ... |
|
| Toxicity of Experimental Jet Fuel System Ice-Inhibiting Agents: I. In Vitro Dosimetry |
OCT 1999 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin T. Geiss; Dan L. Polland; John M. Frazier; MANTECH GEO-CENTERS JOINT VENTURE DAYTON OH
|
| The potential toxicities of compounds to replace current US Air Force operational chemicals is of particular interest. A group of jet fuel system ice-inhibiting agent alternatives currently being evaluated for performance include derivatives of 1,3-dioxolane-4-methanols and 1,3-dioxanes. The experiments presented here were performed in support of Air Force Research Laboratory's Materials Directorate research on FSII alternatives. Our initial approach to evaluating potential toxicity utilized primary rat hepatocyte cultures for assessing ... |
|
| Estrogens, Microtubules and Aneuploidy: Mechanisms of Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis |
JUL 1999 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory A. Reed; KANSAS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER KANSAS CITY
|
| Final characterization of the oxidation of estradiol (E2) by rat liver microsomal (RLM) preparations from ACI and Sprague-Dawley rats has shown that 4-hydroxy-E2 is the major product in the ACI RLM. This product is virtually undetectable in incubations using Sprague-Dawley RLM, where 2-hydroxy-E2 is the major product. Western immunoblotting showed that RLM from both strains contained comparable amounts of CYP 2B1/2 and or 3A1/2, but not ... |
|
| Humic Substances as Electron Acceptors and Electron Shuttlers in Anaerobic Marine Sediments |
30 SEP 1998 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Diane McKnight; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER INST OF ARCTICAND ALPINE RESEARCH
|
| Humic substances are a class of yellow to black colored organic molecules that are recalcitrant and ubiquitous in the environment. Previous research has shown that humic substances can act as electron acceptors in the anoxic oxidation of acetate by Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms. The reduced humic substances were then able to transfer the excess electrons to Fe(III) abiotically. Our hypothesis was that quinone moieties within the humic ... |
|
| Support of Study Entitled, "Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics of Dihydroartemisinin" and "In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolism of Sodium Artelinate and DQHS in Rats and Humans" |
SEP 1998 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Olutosin R. Idowu; IDOWU (OLUTOSIN R) SILVER SPRING MD
|
| The following is a report on our study to identify the metabolites of artelinic, an artemisinin (qinghaosu) derivative being developed for uncomplicated malaria. Identification of the metabolites of artelinic acid and other artemisinin analogues has been problematic because of the unavailability of standards of the putative metabolites. The following report presents our attempts to prepare the putative metabolites of artelinic acd by reacting artelinic acid with chemical systems that may ... |
|
| DNA Binding Drugs Targeting the Regulatory DNA Binding Site of the ETS Domain Family Transcription Factor |
JUL 1998 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Shu-Yuan Chiang; HEALTH RESEARCH INC BUFFALO NY
|
| Abnormally expressed ESX and AP-2 have been found in certain breast cancer cell lines that are associated with the overexpression of HER2/neu gene. Amplification and overexpression of HER2/neu is found in 20-30% of primary breast cancers and is correlated with a poor prognosis. In this study, polyamides, minor groove binding compounds, were designed to target the ESX binding site on the HER2/neu promoter to interfere ... |
|
| Transformation of RDX and HMX Under Controlled Eh/pH Conditions |
APR 1998 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Cynthia B. Price; James M. Brannon; Sally L. Yost; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS
|
| The presence of hexahydro-1,3,5- trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and 1, 3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in soil and groundwater can present serious environmental problems. An understanding of the processes that control the mobility and transformation of RDX and HMX in soils and water is needed in order to fully evaluate any problems with release of these explosives. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of redox potential (Eh) and pH on RDX ... |
|
| Digestive Kinetics Determines Bloavailability of Pollutants |
01 JAN 1998 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Findlay; MIAMI UNIV FL
|
| (1) Determine digestive physiology of deposit feeders; (2) Determine the fraction of total pollutants in sediments released during incubation of polluted sediments with digestive fluid of deposit feeders; (3) Examine partitioning of pollutants in sediments, mechanism of digestive fluid solubilization, and design an in vitro method to measure their bioavailability. |
|
| Evaluation of Cavitation Erosion Behavior of Laser Surface Melted Experimental Nickel Aluminum Bronze |
MAY 97 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
K. J. KarisAllen; C. A. Taweel; FACTS ENGINEERING INC HALIFAX (NOVA SCOTIA)
|
| A series of laser surface melted experimental nickel aluminum bronze coupons have been evaluated for cavitation erosion resistance. Duplicate specimens of twenty five differing alloy compositions have been tested in accordance with ASTM G-32. For the materials tested, test results indicate that alloy chemistries with more than 10.7 wt percent Al produce the best resistance to cavitation erosion. The cavitation resistance of alloys with less than 10.7 percent Al can ... |
|
| Hydrogen-Induced Cracking Tests of High-Strength Steels and Nickel-Iron Base Alloys Using the Bolt-Loaded Specimen |
MAR 97 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
G. N. Vigilante; J. H. Underwood; D. Crayon; S. Tauscher; T. Sage; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| Hydrogen-induced cracking tests were conducted on high strength steels and nickel-iron base alloys using the constant displacement bolt-loaded compact specimen. The bolt-loaded specimen was subjected to both acid and electrochemical cell environments to produce hydrogen. The materials tested were A723. Maraging 200, PH 13-8 Mo. Alloy 718, Alloy 706, and A286, ranging in yield strength from 760-1400 MPa. The effects of chemical composition, refinement, heat treatment, and strength on hydrogen-induced ... |
|
| Acoustic Microsensors II. Detection of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B employing a Piezoelectric Crystal Immunosensor |
03 FEB 97 |
|
| Authors:
J. L. Harteveld; E. R. Wils; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
| This paper reports on a study concerning the development of a biochemical sensor for Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB), a substance which falls within the bracket of biological warfare agents. A 20 MHz piezoelectric quartz crystal sensor device was employed in a flow injection system. The assay for SEB is based on a competition scheme using polyclonal antibodies (anti-SEB). Three parameters, i.e. the flow rate in the flow cell, the incubation ... |
|
| Physiologically Based Modeling of C(+ or -)P(+ or -)-soman Toxicokinetics in Guinea Pig |
DEC 96 |
|
| Authors:
Leo P. DeJong; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
| This report describes investigations aiming at a further refinement of parameters to be used in a physiologically based model of the toxicokinetics of C(+ or -)P(-)-soman in atropinized guinea pigs. A method for continuous monitoring of the cardiac output by means of electromagnetic flow measurement was applied to measurements in the guinea pig. Doses corresponding with 2 and 6 LD50 of C(+ or -)P(+ or -)-soman (i.v.) initially had a ... |
|
| An Investigation of the Ageing Characteristics of FALANT Filters |
17 APR 96 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
George J. Kavarnos; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER NEWPORT DIV NEW LONDON CT NEW LONDON DETACHMENT
|
| Filters used in the FALANT testing protocol were exposed to three environmental conditions: (1) incubation at 38 deg C for 34 days; (2) incubation at 75% relative humidity for 34 days; and (3) continuous exposure to visible light radiation for several days. Infrared and visible spectra of the filters were obtained before and after the incubation periods. Inspection of these spectra reveals only minor changes in the polymers used to ... |
|
| Feasibility of Using Sucrose Laurate to Control Thermophilic Spoilage in Low-Acid Canned Rations |
APR 96 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Sikes; Roy Flaig; ARMY NATICK RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
|
| The individual and combined effects of sucrose laurate (SL, L-1695), tert-butylated hydroxyanisole (B) ethylenediamine tetraacetate (E) and nisin were evaluated in a liquid growth medium (antibiotic assay medium + 1% soluble starch, AAMS) to determine their antagonistic action against the thermophilic flat-sour bacterium, B. stearothermophilus. Results indicated that on AAMS agar (pH 6.5 - 6.8) the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these additives required to prevent germination and outgrowth of ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
INCUBATION
