| Storage Device/Package for Titanium Dioxide Particles |
Sep 2012 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Madhu Anand; Peter Hobbs; Al Kaziunas; Beth Campion; Brendan DeLacy; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD
|
 | The overall goal of this project was to generate information to help improve the performance of titanium dioxide (TiO2) dispersal grenades used for visual obscuration. The study evaluated ways to improve the performance of TiO2 through the investigation of the impact of adsorbed water on the TiO2 obscuration performance and techniques for moisture removal, along with the evaluation of handling and packaging to maintain the dry state. Improvement would be ... |
|
| Development of Enzyme-Containing Functional Nanoparticles |
Aug 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Anna Leech; Jeremy Walker; ICX AGENTASE INC PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Enzymes demonstrate great potential for numerous applications; however their practicality is limited by instability in harsh environments, such as temperature extremes; limiting both operational stability as well as long-term shelf life. In this work, we seek to overcome enzyme instability at elevated temperatures through the encapsulation of enzymes within poly(N-isopropylacrylamide, NiPAAm) colloidal nanoparticles. Nanoparticles composed of NiPAAm undergo a transition from being highly hydrophilic and swollen (at room temperature) to ... |
|
| Testing Wetland Delineation Indicators in New England Boulder Fields |
Jun 2012 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Robert W Lichvar; Katherine E Curtis; Jennifer J Gillrich; Lindsey E Dixon; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| We evaluated the potential for regulating wet boulder fields as wetlands or other Waters of the US under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. We monitored hydrology in two boulder fields in Maine during the 2011 growing season and documented the presence/absence of hydric soil, wetland hydrology, hydrophytic vegetation, and Ordinary High Water Mark (OHWM) indicators. The wetland hydrology criterion was statistically associated with the presence of primary hydrology ... |
|
| Fabrication, Characterization, and Wettability Analysis of a Microstructured Hybrid Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Surface |
Jan 2012 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy P Garvin; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN DEPT OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| This thesis explores the effects of surface chemistry and geometry on wettability of Hybrid Surfaces. The Hybrid Surfaces are composed of many micropillars with hydrophobic sidewalls and hydrophilic tops. The surfaces are designed with stable dropwise condensation in mind, which can increase heat fluxes by an order of magnitude over those of filmwise condensation. Based on the literature and technical constraints on fabrication, four Hybrid Surfaces are designed, fabricated characterized ... |
|
| Superoleophobic yet Superhydrophilic surfaces for Continuous Liquid-Liquid Separation |
08 Dec 2011 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Anish Tuteja; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| There is a critical need to develop new energy-efficient solutions for the separation of oil-water mixtures, including those stabilized by surfactants. Traditional membrane-based separation technologies for oil-water mixtures are energy-intensive and further limited, either by fouling or the inability of a single membrane to separate all types of oil-water mixtures. The ideal membrane to effect gravity-driven separation of oil-water mixtures is expected to be both hydrophilic and oleophobic, in air ... |
|
| Free-Energy Profiles of Membrane Insertion of the M2 Transmembrane Peptide from Influenza A Virus |
Dec 2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
In-Chul Yeh; Mark A Olson; Michael S Lee; Anders Wallqvist; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD TELEMEDICINE AND ADVANCED TECH RESEARCH CENTER
|
| The insertion of the M2 transmembrane peptide from influenza A virus into a membrane has been studied with molecular-dynamics simulations. This system is modeled by an atomically detailed peptide interacting with a continuum representation of a membrane bilayer in aqueous solution. We performed replica-exchange molecular-dynamics simulations with umbrella-sampling techniques to characterize the probability distribution and conformation preference of the peptide in the solution, at the membrane interface, and in the ... |
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| Identification of a Potent Apoptotic Peptide Produced by Fibroblasts; Studies Towards the Design of a Novel Agent for Breast Cancer Therapy |
01 SEP 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa M. Petti; ALBANY MEDICAL COLL NY
|
| We previously showed that constitutive activation of the platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFR) in mortal human fibroblasts (HDFs) by the bovine papillomavirus E5 or the v-Sis oncoprotein induces partial transformation of these cells. However, two weeks after they reach their peak density E5- and v-Sis-expressing HDFs secrete a small, hydrophilic peptide that induces massive apoptosis in an autocrine manner. Specifically, this peptide induces a type of caspase-independent, Bcl-2-resistant apoptosis ... |
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| Transport Properties of N-Methyloated Nylon-6: Chitosan Blend Membranes |
SEP 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene Napadensky; Yossef A. Elabd; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| A series of N-Methylolated Nylon-6 chitosan blend membranes was evaluated for their potential use as breathable (high water transport) barriers (low chemical agent transport) for military and civilian protective clothing apparel. Nylon-6 was methylolated and subsequently blended with chitosan at different compositions and processing conditions (room temperature, 100 C, and 200 C). Vapor transport rates of water (breathability) and dimethyl methylphosphonate (protection) (a simulant of the nerve agent Sarin) were ... |
|
| Neuroprotective Ganglioside Derivatives |
SEP 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
M. D. Ullman; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER WORCESTER
|
| TTNatural and semisynthetic gangliosides protect neurons from toxin-induced cell death and salvage neurons after toxin exposure. The hydrophilic property of gangliosides restricts their blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, which hinders their use as neuroprotective agents. Gangliosides semisynthetic derivatives with improved cytoprotective properties and BBB permeability can be produced. Even with gangliosides great therapeutic promise, no study has examined ganglioside functional group derivatives that would provide cytoprotection AND effectively cross the BBB; ... |
|
| Glycopeptides as Analgesics: Non-Toxic Alternatives to Morphine for Combat Casualty Care |
DEC 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Robin Polt; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Background: Endogenous opiate peptides (enkephalins and endorphins) are more potent and specific than morphine and congeners. Specificity is determined by the "address segment" while binding is determined by the "message segment." Incorporation of carbohydrates into the address segment results in improved biodistribution and enhanced penetration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Thus, glycosylation of mu- or delta-selective peptides allows the resulting glycopeptides to be used as potent and safer alternatives to ... |
|
| Identification of a Potent Apoptotic Peptide by Fibroblasts: Studies Toward the Design of a Novel Agent for Breast Cancer Therapy |
SEP 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa M. Petti; ALBANY MEDICAL COLL NY
|
| We previously showed that constitutive activation of the platelet-derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFR) in mortal human fibroblasts (HDFs) by the bovine papillomavirus E5 or the v-Sis oncoprotein induces partial transformation of these cells. However, two weeks after they reach their peak density E5- and v-Sis-expressing HDFs secrete a small, hydrophilic peptide that induces massive apoptosis in an autocrine manner. Specifically, this peptide induces a type of caspase-independent, Bcl-2-resistant apoptosis ... |
|
| Novel Nonporous Fouling-Resistant Enzymatic Composite Membranes for Waste Water Treatment |
12 AUG 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Benny D. Freeman; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN
|
| A new series of crosslinked hydrophilic polymer gels based on poly(ethylene oxide) was prepared. These membrane materials showed high water uptake and excellent resistance to bovine serum albumin (BSA) fouling. By controlling the crosslink density of the polymer gels, we were able to manipulate water uptake over a very broad range, from less than 100% to more than 500%, which provides a large window for tuning the permeation and rejection ... |
|
| Biodegradable Polymeric Nanoparticles for Tumor-Selective Tamoxifen Delivery: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies |
13 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Dinesh B. Shenoy; Jugminder S. Chawla; Mansoor M. Amiji; NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| This study was performed to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo tumor-cellular uptake and biodistribution pattern of tamoxifen when administered intravenously as a simple solution and upon encapsulation into biodegradable, surface-modified poly(e-caprolactone) (PCL) nanoparticles. PCL (MW ^ 15,000) nanoparticles were prepared by the solvent displacement method and characterized for particle size/change and surface morphology (by scanning electron microscopy). We investigated the nanoparticle-surface modification potential of the hydrophilic stabilizer (Pluronic Federal Registration ... |
|
| Nanobiohybrids: New Model Systems for Membranes and Sensors |
JUN 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Emmanuel P. Giannelis; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The focus of this program is to correlate structure and function in biological membranes using nanohybrids as artificial models and to develop new sensors based on nanohybrids. Nanohybrids artificial membranes exhibit characteristics similar to biological membranes and they can be used as sensors. The nanohybrids membranes are synthesized by intercalating amphiphile molecules into the galleries of a layered host producing an alternating amphiphile/ inorganic multilayer. We have established how the ... |
|
| Molecular Modeling of Nafion Permselective Membranes |
31 MAR 2005 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Aleksey M. Vishnyakov; Alexander V. Neimark; TEXTILE RESEARCH INST PRINCETON NJ
|
| Specific goals: a) development of the versatile simulation tool to study morphology and transport in swollen polyelectrolyte membranes (PEM) of Nafion type at mesoscale (>20nm); b) understanding of the mechanisms of sorption and transport of chemical agents in swollen PEM. We developed molecular models for Nafion and nerve agent simulant DMMP and explored microphase segregation and mechanisms of DMMP sorption and transport in hydrated membranes with K+ counterion. It was ... |
|
| Novel Nano-Phase Ordered Polymer Systems for Efficient Photovoltaic Applications |
07 MAR 2005 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Sam Sun; NORFOLK STATE UNIV VA
|
| A novel polythiophene -DBAB- type block copolymer system has been developed, where D is a new sulfide derivatized polythiophene donor block, A is a fluorine derivatized polythiophene acceptor block, and B is a non conjugated and flexible bridge chain. In donor block, a dithiathiophene ring derivatized polythiophene was used due to it is chemically more stable than the no-ring analogs. This structure also drastically limits the large steric hindrance in ... |
|
| Classifying Noisy Protein Sequence Data: A Case Study of Immunoglobulin Light Chains |
2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Chenggang Yu; Nela Zavaljevski; Fred J. Stevens; Kelly Yackovich; Jaques Reifman; ARGONNE NATIONAL LAB IL
|
| Summary: The classification of protein sequences obtained from patients with various immunoglobulin-related conformational diseases may provide insight into structural correlates of pathogenicity. However, clinical data are very sparse and, in the case of antibody-related proteins, the collected sequences have large variability with only a small subset of variations relevant to the protein pathogenicity (function). On this basis, these sequences represent a model system for development of strategies to recognize the ... |
|
| Development of Biomimetic Surfaces by Vesicle Fusion |
DEC 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitrios Stroumpoulis; Alejandro Parra; Jill Gliem; Matthew Tirrell; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| In this study fusion of lipid-peptide amphiphile vesicles is employed to form biomimetic coating materials that can modify cellular adhesion and growth on solid substrates. Ellipsometry has been used to monitor vesicle fusion at different concentrations on hydrophilic surfaces and to identify adsorption as its limiting step. Incorporation of small amounts of RGD containing peptide amphiphiles in cell adhesion resistant PC lipid membranes is shown to promote adhesion and growth ... |
|
| SEEDling Grant to Establish Pilot Data for a Consortium on Magnetic Nanoparticle Assemblies: A New Tool for Drug Delivery, Sensors and Electronic Devices |
OCT 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Judy S. Riffle; Richard O. Claus; Urs Hafeli; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This project has entailed the development of magnetic materials with potential suitability as vehicles for magnetic field-directed drug delivery, and the design and implementation of a laboratory-scale instrument for measuring the magnetophoretic behavior of new materials in flowing media. Triblock copolymers comprised of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) tail blocks and a polyurethane anchor block containing carboxylic acid binding groups were designed and synthesized. A method for preparing stabilized dispersions of magnetite ... |
|
| Temperature-Responsive Polymers for Biological Applications |
JUN 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
E. Manias; M. Rackaitis; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| Water soluble polymers with tunable lower critical solution temperature (LCST) are of increasing interest for biological applications such as cell patterning, smart drug release, DNA sequencing etc. The present study addresses control of the polymer temperature response in water by varying chemical composition of the monomer. In order to achieve this a series of polymers were designed and synthesized based on an ethyleneoxide/ethylene monomer (EO/EE). Polymers were synthesized using polycondensation ... |
|
| Bio-Hemostat - Acute Treatment Modality for High Pressure Hemorrhage |
APR 2003 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Marcus E. Carr Jr.; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Bleeding from an artery is difficult to control due to the high pressures found in the arterial system. Hemorrhage is especially problematic in penetrating wounds where the bleeding source may not be apparent. Tourniquets that are routinely used to treat such wounds can cause multiple complications. We are developing a device which, when exposed to aqueous solutions, rapidly generates pressure in a confined space. In this report, we summarize the ... |
|
| Bacterial Flocculation: Focus on Bioengineering Applications |
31 MAR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Mary M. Bechtold; HAMPTON UNIV VA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Subsurface microbial activity is critical in many bioengineering processes such as enhanced oil recovery, in-situ or enhanced bioremediation, and biomass plugging operations. To investigate biofilm formation, strain PHOO2 of the Azoarcus genus, which produces flocs in stationary growth phase was studied. Flocculation occurs as this gram-negative, denitrifying strain is grown anaerobically on a phenol carbon source. As stationary phase is approached, the phenol concentration diminishes and the hydrophilic cells become ... |
|
| Characterization of Leishmania Soluble Exo-Antigen |
JAN 2003 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Liwang Cui; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| Leishmaniasis is a debilitating disease that afflicts more than 350 million people worldwide. It occurrence in many US soldiers deployed to the endemic area emphasizes its importance as a health problem for the military. Vaccine development is the ultimate solution for this problem. Our previous research indicates that Leishmania parasites secrete, excrete, or shed antigens into the medium during in vitro culture. These exo-antigens possess the features of eliciting strong ... |
|
| Bio-Hemostat-Acute Treatment Modality for High Pressure Hemorrhage |
APR 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Marcus E. Carr Jr; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Bleeding from an artery is difficult to control due to the high pressures found in the arterial system Hemorrhage is especially problematic in penetrating wounds where the bleeding source may not be apparent. Tourniquets that are routinely used to treat such wounds can cause multiple complications. We are developing a device which, when exposed to aqueous solutions, rapidly generates pressure in a confined space. In this report, we summarize the ... |
|
| Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of Stratum Corneum |
APR 2002 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth S. Wu; William W. Van Osdol; Reinhold H. Dauskardt; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A mechanics approach is presented to study the intercellular delamination resistance and mechanical behavior of stratum comeum (SC) tissue in the direction normal to the skin surface. The effects of temperature and hydration on debonding behavior were also explored. Such understanding, which includes the relationship of mechanical behavior to the underlying SC cellular structure, is essential for emerging transdermal drug delivery technologies. Fracture mechanics-based cantilever-beam specimens were used to determine ... |
|
| Microclimate Investigations on Permeable NBC Protective Garments |
APR 2002 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Ernst Hepler; BLUECHER GMBH ERKRATH (GERMANY)
|
| According to the operational requirements of NATO, NBC Protective Clothing Systems must be suitable for extended periods of wear in all climatic environments without creating unacceptable heat stress and serious reduction of the protective capability. The demand for balancing wear comfort and protection confronts the developers with a challenging task. The physiological wearing properties of NBC Protective Garments can be improved for example, by reducing the activated carbon loaded filter ... |
|
| Development of Monitors for Assessing Exposure of Military Personnel to Toxic Chemicals |
JAN 2000 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Jimmie D. Petty; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY COLUMBIA MO BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES DIV
|
| U.S. military personnel may be exposed to a wide variety of potentially toxic airborne and waterborne chemicals. Such situations include troop deployment in third world countries with major pollution problems, prolonged exposure in enclosed areas such as submarines, training exercises involving chemicals, and in combat conditions. Unfortunately, existing chemical monitoring technology is limited or inadequate for determining the broad range of chemicals potentially present ... |
|
| A New Class of Self-Complementary Beta Sheet Oligopeptide- Based Biomaterials |
11 JAN 1999 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alexander Rich; Shuguang Zhang; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF BIOLOGY
|
| Mechanisms and functions of a new class of biological materials discovered through self-assembly of ionic self-complementary oligopeptides were studied, and three types of peptides were classified. Type I peptides undergo intermolecular self-assembly and have alternating ionic hydrophilic and hydrophobic amino acid residues. Side chains of these oligopeptides consist of repetitive positively charged residues arginine and lysine, and negatively charged residues glutamate and aspartate on the hydrophilic surface and alanineson the ... |
|
| Hydraulic Test Loop for Nonflammable Hydraulic Fluid |
SEP 1998 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
William E. Likos; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TXTARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
|
| A test stand was constructed to evaluate the suitability of the non- flammable hydraulic fluid, chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) for Army applications. The test loop consists primarily of stainless steel and elastomers suited to the CTFE fluid. A 150-hp electric motor, capable of speeds from 0 to 1800 rpm drives a 40 gpm, 4500 psi, variable displacement hydraulic pump. The test apparatus features a "bootstrap" reservoir that utilizes the output ... |
|
| Surface Layer Dynamics for Compliant Foul-Release Coatings |
27 JUL 1998 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Baier; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF BIOPHYSICS
|
| During a 3-year cooperative program, with government and industry partners specializing in nonstick coatings, the project team identified superior nontoxic, nonpolluting coating formulations for use as easy-release paints to minimize biofouling in freshwater systems. As an unexpected result, a preferred range of coating surface texture+chemistry combinations was identified that also imparted the highly desired feature of drag reduction to such foul-release systems. At the fundamental level, ... |
|
| Very Low Surface Energy (<11 dyn cm-1) Heterophase Polymeric Materials for Membrane Separations: An Integrated Polymer Chemistry/Engineering Approach and The Influence of Backpulsing on Fouling Properties of Novel Nanofiltration Membranes for Wastewater R |
13 JUL 1998 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Benny D. Freeman; Joseph M. DeSimone; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The focus of our fundamental research program, Very Low Surface Energy (<11 dyn cm(-1)) Heterophase Polymeric Materials for Membrane Separations: An Integrated Polymer Chemistry/Engineering Approach, is to explore several new classes of polymeric materials to identify promising routes for developing low-fouling nanofiltration membranes for wastewater remediation. This objective will be accomplished through an iterative process of polymer synthesis and characterization, membrane fabrication, separation performance characterization, and fouling assessment. Three classes ... |
|
| Development of Monitors for Assessing Exposure of Military Personnel to Toxic Chemicals |
FEB 98 |
|
| Authors:
J. D. Petty; DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR COLUMBIA MO
|
 | The research conducted during this reporting period involves five areas: (1) continued development of the SPMD technique for integrative sampling of hydrophobic chemicals, (2) evaluation of a deployment apparatus for use with SPMD samplers, (3) continued development of an integrative sampling approach for toxic metals and initiation of the development of an integrative sampler for volatile metals, specifically mercury vapor, (4) initiation of development of an integrative sampling approach for ... |
|
| Functionalized Nanoporous Polymer Membranes with Well-Defined Pore Architectures via Lyotropic Liquid-Crystalline Monomers |
30 JUN 97 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas L. Gin; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Highly ordered, nanoporous polymer membranes were synthesized using polymerizable lyotropic liquid crystals that self-assemble into the inverted hexagonal mesophase as building blocks. The resulting polymer networks contain nanometer-diameter, extended hydrophilic channels that are hexagonally close- packed. Two lyotropic liquid-crystalline monomer platforms have been synthesized. The interchannel separations in the polymerizable materials can be varied in the 30-40 A range by the choice of counterion on the ionic headgroup of the ... |
|
| Tissue Adhesives for Battlefield Hemorrhage Control. Phase II. |
APR 1997 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Whalen; WHALEN BIOMEDICAL INC CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| A fibrin based hemostatic agent and wound dressing system specifically to be usable on the battlefield has been developed. The agent is a fibrin monomer based powder which is directly usable without any pre-mixing. In vivo tests indicate that: (1) the new hemostatic agent controls bleeding significantly faster than the only commercially available fibrin-based hemostatic agent, (Tisseel, Immuno AG, Austria) when tested in a splenic injury model; (2) the tissue ... |
|
| An Evaluation of the Technical Feasibility of Photocatalytic Oxidation and Phase Transfer Catalysis for Destruction of Contaminants from Water |
JUN 96 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
John c. Crittenden; David W. Hand; Yin Zhang; Michael E. Mullins; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON
|
| Present efforts have developed photocatalysts best suited for the destruction of hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic contaminants. Using solar Insolation with Pt-TlO2 supported on silica gel, the best supported photocatalyst identified in a systematic evaluation, can mineralize trichioroethylene (8 mg/l) completely in a short time of 1.3 minutes. The destruction rate using this supported catalyst is four times greater than that using the optimized slurry made with the best photocatalyst Identified, ... |
|
| Tissue Adhesives for Battlefield Hemorrhage Control |
APR 1996 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Whalen; WHALEN BIOMEDICAL INC CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| The goal of this program is to develop and test a fibrin based tissue adhesive and wound dressing system specifically to be usable on the battlefield. The tissue adhesive is a fibrin monomer based powder which is supplied in two |
|
| Intelligent Synthetic Polymers |
01 MAR 95 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Calvert; H. K. Hall Jr; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
|
| Block copolymers of hydrophobic and hydrophilic acrylates were to be made and tested for control of mineralization by calcium oxalate. Acrylate copolymers in solution inhibited crystal growth to an extent dependent on their acid content but not dependent on the architecture. Solid films of acrylate polymers became mineralized when exposed to oxalate solutions. This effect was very dependent on the structure of the polymer. Methods were also developed for forming ... |
|
| Poly (p-phenylene vinylene) as Alignment Layers in Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD's) via the Langmuir-Blodgett Technique |
95 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Andy C. Chang; Matthew J. Ebersbach; Masa-Aki Kakimoto; D. Johnson; J. A. Mann Jr; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH DEPT OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
|
| Preparation of alignment layers of PPV via the poly (p-xylene-alpha- diethyl sulphonium perfluorononanoate) precursor has demonstrated initial success. However, UV-vis and grazing angle X-ray techniques have shown that the precursor collapses by centrosymmetric multilayer formation at 25 mN/m and 13 deg C. At these conditions, Z-type deposition on hydrophilic glass results in an irregular lamination/delamination process after 3 iterations. IR measurements have shown nearly complete conversion to PPV by thermal ... |
|
| Process for Producing Hydrophilic Polymer Membranes. |
18 OCT 1994 |
|
| Authors:
Barbara F. Howell; Ravanasamudram S. Venkatachalam; John P. Wehrle; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Hydrophilicity of hydrophilic polymers, in the form of heat-crosslinked coatings on porous membranes, is increased by exposure to an oxygen plasma, preferable for about 60 seconds. The plasma is generated at an oxygen gas pressure of about 1.5 Torrs in a chamber subjected to radio frequency electromagnetic radiation with a power of 25-100 watts. Such highly hydrophilic membranes have increased efficiency and durability when used as ultrafiltration membranes for separating ... |
|
| Method of Fabricating a Receptor-Based Sensor. |
06 JUL 1993 |
|
| Authors:
Thomas L. Fare; Frances S. Ligler; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| This invention relates to a semiconductor substrate having a porous surface and to the amperometric receptor-based sensors formed with the substrate. More specifically, this invention pertains to the substrate in the form of a bipolar junction transistor having a porous hydrophilic surface directly on its base wherein the surface forms a support for an amperometric sensor. The invention also pertains to the methods of making and using the substrate and ... |
|
| Local Structural Order and Molecular Associations in Water DMSO mixtures. Molecular Dynamics Study |
MAY 92 |
|
| Authors:
I. Vaisman; M. Berkowitz; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Pure dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and water-DMSO mixtures at three concentrations (XDMSO = 0.005, 0.04 and 0.2) are studied using molecular dynamics simulations. Structural properties of water in different regions of DMSO hydration are investigated using radial distribution functions (RDF), hydrogen-bonded network parameters and statistical geometry approach. Reliability of RDF as indicators of structure changes at different concentrations is discussed. Enhancement of the water structure at the lowest DMSO concentration and its ... |
|
| Theory for Protein Aggregation, |
1992 |
|
| Authors:
Gregg B. Fields; Darwin O. Alonso; Dirk Stigter; Ken A. Dill; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| Proteins often aggregate to form biologically inactive precipitates. To better understand this problem, we have developed a mean-field lattice statistical mechanics theory for the equilibrium between native, denatured, and aggregated states of proteins and other random copolymers of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers in aqueous solution. |
|
| Mixed-Mode Hydrophilic and Ionic Interaction Chromatography Rivals Reversed-Phased Chromatography for the Separation of Peptides, |
1992 |
|
| Authors:
B. Y. Zhu; C. T. Mant; R. S. Hodges; ALBERTA UNIV EDMONTON
|
|
| Comparisons of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Silver and Gold: Mixed Monolayers Derived from HS(CH2)21X and HS(CH2)10Y (X, Y - CH3, CH2OH) Have Similar Properties |
DEC 91 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. Laibinis; Marye A. Fox; John P. Folkers; George M. Whitesides; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| This paper describes the preparation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) by adsorption of alkanethiols on evaporated silver, and compares these SAMs with analogous SAMs prepared on gold. The work concentrated on SAMs derived from mixtures of alkanethiols having long and short chains and terminating in hydrophobic and hydrophilic tails: HS(CH2) 10CH3, HS(CH2) 21CH3, HS(CH2)10CH2OH, and HS(CH2)21CH2OH. The thickness and the compositions of these SAMs were established by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy ... |
|
| Core Scientific Effort for Biosurfaces Studies. Task 1 |
30 AUG 91 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Baier; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO AMHERST
|
| The objectives for the 1991-92 year are, in concert with the IUCB 5- year plan, to expand the variables of the assays to include more biologically specific probes of the expression of particular 'conditioning' film epitopes. The experimental plan anticipates the use of anti-albumin, anti globulin, anti fibrinogen and anti betalactoglobulin against spontaneously adsorbed thin films of the primary protein antigens on well characterized reference substrata. There also will be ... |
|
| Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Aromatic Schiff's Bases Functionalized in the Side Chains of Polymethacrylate |
03 MAY 91 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
T. Takahashi; P. Miller; Y. M. Chen; L. Samuelson; D. M. Galotti; ARMY ELECTRONICS COMMAND FORT MONMOUTH NJ ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS LAB
|
| Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) film formation has been investigated for polymers in which nonlinear optical (NLO) moieties are attached in the side chain of polymethacrylate (PMA) backbone. Polymer monolayer was successfully transferred onto hydrophilic glass substrates using a moving wall type LB trough. The LB films were characterized by pressure-area isotherm, polarized UV- visible spectra, ellipsometry and second harmonic generation measurement. The characterization shows that NLO moieties in the side chain are ... |
|
| Biocompatible Adhesives |
01 MAR 91 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald W. Gumbs; GUMBS ASSOCIATES INC EAST BRUNSWICK NJ
|
| The purpose of this work was to develop a biologically compatible adhesive that will successfully maintain the adherence of a dermal dressing to moist (perspiring) skin on field personnel working in hot humid environments, without producing adverse reactions such as rach and itching. The project involved the design and Synthesis of emulsion acrylic copolymers which were odorless and pressure sensitive. The water-insoluble adhesives contained hydrophilic units to permit strong bonding ... |
|
| Entrapping of Hydrophobized Plague Capsular Antigen into the Large Unilamellar Liposomes |
91 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
V. I. Zakrevskiy; N. G. Plekhanova; V. I. Smirnova; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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| Liposomes, having adjuvant properties increase the body's immune response to the antigens introduced with them. The immunopotentiating effect depends on the quantity of antigen immobilized in the liposomes, the presence of it on the outer surface of the membrane, lipid composition, size of the vesicles and other conditions. Hydrophilic proteins are adsorbed on the liposome membrane in a small quantity, which reduces immunogenicity of the preparation. Consequently the problem emerged ... |
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| Chemical Modification of the Olfactory Receptor Epithelium of Vertebrate Species |
28 JUN 90 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas H. Morton; CALIFORNIA UNIV RIVERSIDE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This project seeks to develop methodologies for attachment of cell- surface binding sites to solid surfaces using hydrophilic tethers that incorporate reversible linkers. Characterization of Jeffamine copolymers by capillary zone electrophoresis allows the chainlength distribution to be assayed for industrially available hydrophilic tether components. Organic synthesis is used to prepare shorter tether constituents with fluoridolyzable linkages. |
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| Dynamics Simulation of Langmuir-Blodgett Films |
APR 90 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
S. B. Clough; X. F. Sun; J. Kumar; S. Tripathy; LOWELL UNIV MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Langmuir-Blodgett film monolayers are formed when amphiphilic molecules in solution are deposited on water surface followed by compression. During the compression, the randomly oriented molecules reorient themselves with the hydrophilic head groups on the water surface and the hydrophobic tail standing away from the water surface. The organic ultra-thin films with highly ordered layer structure, have shown a wide range of potential applications in biochemistry, microelectronics, integrated optics, microlithography, and ... |
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HYDROPHILIA
