| Hybrid Techniques for Optimizing Complex Systems |
Dec-2009 |
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| Authors:
John P Hayes; Igor L Markov; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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 | This is the final technical report for a three year research project on Hybrid Techniques for Optimizing Complex Systems conducted at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and sponsored by the Air Force Research Laboratory. The project's overall goal was to investigate novel hybrid techniques that combine concepts from quantum and classical computer science to solve hard computational problems, including the handling of uncertainty. The research problems considered include design ... |
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| Enhancing Simulation-Based Training Adversary Tactics via Evolution (ESTATE) |
15-Sep-2009 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
CHARLES RIVER ANALYTICS INC CAMBRIDGE MA
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 | During this reporting period, we extended our work in the conceptual formulation of ESTATE for Challenge/Response games. We explored and refined aspects of item response theory to support assessment and learning Challenge/Response games. We constructed multiple simulations to test our theoretical hypotheses. |
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| An Information-Centric Approach to Autonomous Trajectory Planning Utilizing Optimal Control Techniques |
Sep-2009 |
296 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A Hurni; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND ASTRONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
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| This work introduces a new information-centric pseudospectral optimal control-based algorithm for autonomous trajectory planning and control of unmanned ground vehicles with real-time information updates. It begins with a comprehensive study and comparison of the various path planning methods currently in use. It then provides an analysis of the optimal control method, including vehicle and obstacle modeling techniques, several different problem formulations, and a number of important insights on unmanned ground ... |
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| Fire Resistant Fuel |
31-Jul-2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Joel Schmitigal; Steven D Marty; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TX TARDEC FUELS AND LUBRICANTS RESEARCH FACILITY
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| During an Army research program in the mid-1980s, fireresistant diesel fuel that self extinguished when ignited by an explosive projectile was developed. Chemically, this fire resistant fuel (FRF) was a stable mixture of diesel fuel, 10 percent water, and an emulsifier. The Army FRF program ended in 1987 without fielding this fire resistant fuel formulation. There were both technical and logistical reasons for this. Unconventional warfare experienced in Iraq and ... |
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| Vertical Structure of Bottom Ekman Tidal Flows: Observations, Theory, and Modeling From the Northern Adriatic |
17-Apr-2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Milivoj Kuzmic; Ivica Janekovic; Paul J Martin; Jeffrey W Book; M Wimbush; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| From September 2002 to May 2003, fifteen bottom-mounted, acoustic Doppler current profilers measured currents of the northern Adriatic basin. Tidal fluctuations at all seven of the major Adriatic frequencies were synthesized from a response tidal analysis of these measurements. Most observed tidal current ellipses were nearly reversing, but near the bottom, tidal current ellipses all shortened and broadened, semidiurnal currents led upper water column currents, and diurnal tidal current ellipse ... |
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| Least-Squares Finite Element Formulation for Fluid-Structure Interaction |
Mar-2009 |
276 pages |
| Authors:
Cody C Rasmussen; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| Fluid-structure interaction problems prove difficult due to the coupling between fluid and solid behavior. Typically, different theoretical formulations and numerical methods are used to solve fluid and structural problems separately. The least-squares finite element method is capable of accurately solving both fluid and structural problems. This capability allows for a simultaneously coupled fluid structure interaction formulation using a single variational approach to solve complex and nonlinear aeroelasticity problems. The least-squares ... |
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| Analytical and Characterization Studies of Organic Chemicals, Drugs, and Drug Formulation |
Mar-2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Lim; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| Although the overall purpose of this contract was to perform chemical/physical analyses on bulk pharmaceutical substances and formulated drug products of interest to the USAMRMC Drug Development Program for parasitic and infectious diseases, chemical and biological defense, etc, by far the majority of time and effort expended during the current contract was devoted to design, development, and cGMP manufacture of an artesunic acid parenteral dosage form. Over 5,000 units of ... |
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| Preliminary Testing of Mycoleptodiscus terrestris Formulations |
Mar-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| This technical note reports preliminary results of bioassays of dried formulations of Mycoleptodiscus terrestris (Gerd.) Ostazeski (Mt) for management of the submersed macrophyte, Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle (hydrilla). |
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| TWAVE: A Modeling System for Flooding and Inundation of Islands by Tropical Storms |
Jan-2009 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Zeki Demirbilek; Jane M Smith; Alejandro Sanchez; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| This report, the first of a series, describes the coastal modeling package TWAVE (Typhoon and WAVE) developed under the Surge and Wave Island Modeling Studies (SWIMS) project capable of modeling tropical cyclone winds, waves, storm surge, and coastal inundation. The TWAVE flood and inundation package is a practice-oriented engineering modeling tool. The first version of TWAVE is described in this report and will be updated based on user feedback in ... |
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| Autologous Marrow-Derived Stem Cell-Seeded Gene-Supplemented Collagen Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Regeneration as a Treatment for Paralysis |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Myron Spector; BOSTON VA RESEARCH INST MA
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| The long-term objective of this research is to develop a device for treating spinal cord injury. The specific aims of the proposed study are to test new types of collagen biomaterials. Moreover we will be investigating the effects of incorporating genes from nerve growth factors into the collagen scaffolds and seeding the scaffolds with neurogenic cells. The standardized defect site is a 5-mm gap in the rat thoracic spinal cord. ... |
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| Transient Effects of Polymer-Organic Light Emitting Diodes and their Impact on Individual Identification Friend/Foe (IIFF) |
Dec-2008 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
James M Elmore; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The Individual Identification Friend/Foe (IIFF) patch is a unique system designed to prevent shooter-on-shooter fratricide in a battlefield environment. Using a Polymer-Organic Light Emitting Diode (p-OLED) as the emitter for the IIFF system provides many unique opportunities and challenges in system design. Both high overall brightness in the Infrared (700-900 nm) region and fast turn-on time (e.g., the time it takes from application of bias voltage to full intensity of ... |
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| A Computational Framework Based on Variational LES Method for the Multi-Disciplinary Analysis of MAVS With Flapping Wings |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Charbel Farhat; Ajaykumar Rajasekharan; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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| In this paper the three level formulation of a variational multi-scale (VMS) large eddy simulation (LES) method for compressible flow computations is extended for applications involving moving/deforming grids. A consistent method to improve the VMS-LES constant dynamically as the flow develops (dynamic VMS-LES) is also extended for dynamic grid applications. Two applications of VMS-LES for the simulation of separated flow over moving NACA-0012 extruded airfoil is then presented. The first ... |
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| Cross-Domain Fault Localization: A Case for a Graph Digest Approach |
01-Oct-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey G Xie; William D Fischer; Joel D Young; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
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| Prior research has focused on intra-domain fault localization leaving the cross-domain problem largely unaddressed. Faults often have widespread effects, which if correlated, could significantly improve fault localization. Past efforts rely on probing techniques or assume hierarchical domain structures; however, administrators are often unwilling to share network structure and state and domains are organized and connected in complex ways. We present an inference-graph-digest based formulation of the problem. The formulation not ... |
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| Well Conditioned Formulations for Open Surface Scattering |
Aug-2008 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
John J Ottusch; John L Visher; HRL LABS LLC MALIBU CA
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| The electric field integral equation (EFIE) is a first-kind integral equation formulation that is used to solve a wide variety of electromagnetic scattering problems in the frequency domain. It is the only integral equation that can be applied to both open and closed targets. It is also a poorly conditioned integral equation, which means that solving it using iterative solution methods is generally impractical because the iteration count is uncontrollable ... |
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| Methods for Improving the Tractability of the Block Sequencing Problem for Open Pit Mining |
01-Jul-2008 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
Martin P Gaupp; COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES GOLDEN
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| A surface mine optimizes its profits by maximizing the net present value (NPV) of minerals extracted from the orebody. This is accomplished by creating a production schedule that defines when each section, or block, of ore is removed. Doing so efficiently requires adherence to geospatial and operational constraints. A common exact method for determining this block extraction sequence is formulating the problem as a mixed integer program where each block ... |
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| A Unified General Framework of Insurgency Using a Living Systems Approach |
01-Jun-2008 |
108 pages |
| Authors:
Shanece L Kendall; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis develops a unified general framework of insurgency. The framework is unifying in that it includes all the physical and social science formulations of insurgencies and both contemporary and historical insurgencies. It is general in that it describes all insurgencies rather than a specific one. This thesis first redefines the definition of insurgency in the context of the twenty-first century and addresses the military, political, social, and economic elements. ... |
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| Polynomial-Time Identification of Optimal Robust Network Flows Under Certain Arc Failures (Preprint) |
JUN 2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Clayton W. Commander; Vladimir Boginski; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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| Network flow problems have a wide variety of important applications in many areas. Although deterministic formulations of these problems are well-studied, in many practical situation one has to deal with uncertainties associated with possible failures of network components (e.g., each arc has a probability of failure). Formulations and optimal solutions of these problems need to be adjusted to take into account these uncertainty factors. The main difficulty arising in addressing ... |
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| Scalable Inference and Learning in Very Large Graphical Models Patterned after the Primate Visual Cortex |
07 APR 2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Dean; BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI
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| Human-level visual performance has remained largely beyond the reach of engineered systems despite decades of research and significant advances in problem formulation, algorithms and computing power. We posit that significant progress can be made by combining existing technologies from machine vision, insights from theoretical neuroscienee and large-scale distributed computing. Such claims have been made before and so it is quite reasonable to ask what are the new ideas we bring ... |
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| Cohesive Sediment Entrainment Rate Functions: Expanding and Quantifying their Parameterizations |
03-Apr-2008 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Cobb; Timothy R Keen; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| The erosion characteristics of cohesive sediments in nearshore environments depend on a number of biogeochemical processes. It is standard practice to experimentally determine the entrainment rate of sediment into the water column as a function of the applied bottom shear stress and fit this data to a power law function. This work addresses the inherent problems of fitting entrainment rate data to parameterized functions, focusing on the non-uniqueness of the ... |
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| McNamara and Rumsfeld: Control and Imbalance in Civil-Military Relations |
24 MAR 2008 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Rice; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| As the nation moves beyond the planning failures of Operation Iraqi Freedom, both military and civilian leaders must act to restore balance to the strategic decision making process. Civilian control of the military is not in question, but senior military leaders must be given the professional respect and freedom to develop and provide both the President and Congress with candid advice and recommendations concerning national defense policy formulation and execution. ... |
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| A Nonlinear Approach to Strategy Formulation |
01-Mar-2008 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Gary B James; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| The United States Army War College educates strategic leaders who function as national security professionals who develop and implement national policy and strategy, as well as oversee the resources of the state Therefore, graduates must understand how policy and strategy are formulated The Army War College has developed a strategy formulation model to educate the Army's future security leaders This model is a linear process, with internal and external forces ... |
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| Multi-Objective Optimization of Mixed Variable, Stochastic Systems Using Single-Objective Formulations |
01-Mar-2008 |
236 pages |
| Authors:
Todd J Paciencia; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| Two new algorithms are presented for multi-objective optimization of mixed-variable, stochastic systems. Both are based off of prior algorithms, but combine those pre-exsting algorithms with several other methods, to include single-objective formulations, surrogates, n-dimensional visualizations, aspiration an reservation levels, and direct search methods. Results are shown for a test set of 13 problems, ranging from 2 to 8 objectives, and including non-convex, mixed-variable, and discontinuous problems. |
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| An Attacker-Defender Model for IP-Based Networks |
01-Mar-2008 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy R Barkley; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The Internet Protocol (IP) has emerged as the dominant technology for determining how data is routed across the Internet. Because IP flows are defined essentially in terms of origin-destination (O-D) pairs, we represent IP traffic engineering as a multi-commodity flow problem in which each O-D pair is treated as a separate commodity. We account for the diversity in IP routing by modeling opposite extremes of traffic engineering: naive traffic engineering ... |
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| Hobbes Versus Locke- Redefining the War on Terror |
01-Mar-2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Nico W Tak; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| This paper draws upon the European experiences with terrorism in order to draw lessons for today's strategic environment. The central thesis is that the current approach to terrorism is flawed. The West has developed a myopic view and has lost sight of wider strategic interests. Terrorism has replaced the wider security framework wholesale and plays an overly dominant role in policy formulation. The continued pursuit of terrorists by primarily military ... |
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| Response of a Beam on a Highly Elastic Foundation |
24 FEB 2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew J. Hull; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER DIV NEWPORT RI
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| This report develops and analyzes the equations of motion of an infinite Euler-Bernoulli beam that is in contact with a set of periodic support beams. The support beams are modeled as Euler-Bernoulli beams in their transverse directions and modeled using the wave equation in their axial directions. This new formulation allows the support beam models to admit wave propagation so that the dynamic effects of a long foundation can be ... |
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| Comparison of Probabilistic and Stochastic Formulations in Modeling Growth Uncertainty and Variability |
20 FEB 2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
H. T. Banks; J. L. Davis; S. L. Ernstberger; Shuhua Hu; E. Artimovich; A. K. Dhar; C. L. Browdy; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION
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| We compare two approaches for inclusion of uncertainty/ variability in modeling growth in size-structured population models. One entails imposing a probabilistic structure on growth rates in the population while the other involves formulating growth as a stochastic Markov diffusion process. We present a theoretical analysis that allows one to include comparable levels of uncertainty in the two distinct formulations in making comparisons of the two approaches. |
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| Globally Optimal Decentralized Spatial Smoothing for Wireless Sensor Networks With Local Interactions |
Jan-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
S Barbarossa; T Battisti; A Swami; UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI LA SAPIENZA ROME (ITALY) DEPT INFOCOM
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| In most sensor network applications, the vector containing the observations gathered by the sensors lies in a space of dimension equal to the number of nodes, typically because of observation noise, even though the useful signal belongs to a subspace of much smaller dimension. This motivates smoothing or rank reduction. We formulate a convex optimization problem, where we incorporate a fidelity constraint that prevents the final smoothed estimate from diverging ... |
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| Application of Nanotechnology in the Targeted Release of Anticancer Drugs in Ovarian Cancer Treatment |
01-Dec-2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Colleen Feltmate; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| Initial study was performed which was localized MagNaGel nanoparticles in an orthotopic ovarian cancer mouse model by MRI and also via IVIS imaging techniques. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ovarian cancer cells tagged with luciferase gene. Tumor growth was monitored using both a 4.7T small animal MRI and IVIS Imaging system. Once tumor and ascites developed in the mice, cisplatin-loaded MagNagel particles with 10.0 nm IO core were injected into ... |
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| Magnesium Rich Primer for Chrome Free Protection of Aluminum Alloys (Preprint) |
DEC 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Joel A. Johnson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH NONSTRUCTURAL MATERIALS BRANCH
|
| Hexavalent chromium compounds used for corrosion protection are one of the top hazardous waste materials generated by the U.S. Air Force and legislation is in effect to further restrict their use. Magnesium rich primers that utilize sacrificial magnesium metal pigment to cathodically protect aerospace aluminum alloy substrates are a potential alternative to chromated primers. This material has proven to be particularly effective as part of a completely chromate-free coating system ... |
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| A Discontinuous Galerkin Method for the Shallow Water Equations in Spherical Triangular Coordinates |
01-Nov-2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Francis X Giraldo; Matthias Laeuter; Doerthe Handorf; Klaus Dethloff; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| A global barotropic model of the atmosphere is presented governed by the shallow water equations and discretized by a Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method on an unstructured triangular grid. The shallow water equations on the sphere, a two-dimensional surface in R3, are locally represented in terms of spherical triangular coordinates, the appropriate local coordinate mappings on triangles. On every triangular grid element, this leads to a two-dimensional representation of tangential momentum ... |
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| Complexity and Chaos - State-of-the-Art; Glossary |
SEP 2007 |
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| Authors:
Mario Couture; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADA VALCARTIER (QUEBEC)
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| A number of 335 key words related to Complexity Theory, chaos and complex systems are defined in this document. For a number of these key words, many definitions originating from different authors are proposed. The aim is to provide the reader some of the perspectives that can be found in the scientific literature regarding the interpretation of concepts in this domain. |
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| Complexity and Chaos - State-of-the-Art; Formulations and Measures of Complexity |
SEP 2007 |
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| Authors:
Mario Couture; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADA VALCARTIER (QUEBEC)
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| Different formulations and measures that may be used for evaluating the complexity of systems are gathered in this Technical Note. They might be useful for describing aspects of military complex systems. They were extracted from documents issued from the scientific literature related to Complexity Theory, chaos and complex systems. |
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| A Grid-Free Particle Method for Electrostatic Plasma Simulations |
27 AUG 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Krasny; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| This grant provided support for a postdoc at the University of Michigan to assist in developing a grid-free particle method for electrostatic plasma simulations. The aim of the work is to substantially improve the accuracy and efficiency of these simulations. The proposed method is an alternative to traditional mesh-based methods such as particle-in-cell (PlC). In the new approach, the standard Eulerian formulation of the Vlasov-Poisson equation is replaced by a ... |
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| B and F Projection Methods for Nearly Incompressible Linear and Nonlinear Elasticity and Plasticity using Higher-order NURBS Elements |
AUG 2007 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
T. Elguedj; Y. Bazilevs; V. M. Calo; T. J. Hughes; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN
|
| This paper presents projection methods to treat the incompressibility constraint in small and large deformation elasticity and plasticity within the framework of Isogeometric Analysis. After reviewing some fundamentals of isogeometric analysis we investigate the use of higher-order Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines "NURBS" within the B projection method. The higher-continuity property of such functions is explored in nearly incompressible applications and shown to produce accurate and robust results. A new nonlinear F ... |
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| A Model for the Propagation of Nonlinear Surface Waves over Viscous Muds |
05 JUL 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Kaihatu; Alexandru Sheremet; K. T. Holland; TEXAS A AND M UNIV COLLEGE STATION DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
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| The effect of a thin viscous fluid -mud layer on nearshore nonlinear wave -wave interactions is studied using a parabolic frequency-domain nonlinear wave model, modified to incorporate a bottom dissipation mechanism based on a viscous boundary layer approach. The boundary-layer formulation allows for explicit calculation of the mud-induced wave damping rate. The model performed well in tests based on laboratory data. Numerical tests show that damping of high frequency waves ... |
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| Advanced Fast Curing Adhesives for Adverse Conditions |
JUL 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel De Bonis; John La Scala; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| Numerous adhesives are available which provide fast, strong and durable bonding on a variety of substrates. There are however, no current adhesives which meet all these criteria when used in wet or underwater applications. Existing adhesive technology falls short of current military field requirements which often require adhesive applications be made successfully in seconds, not minutes, in cold wet environments. Research is being carried out to develop faster, low temperature ... |
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| Three-Dimensional Propagation and Scattering Around a Conical Seamount |
JUN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Wenyu Luo; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| In this thesis, a numerically efficient three-dimensional propagation and scattering model is developed based on the three-dimensional coupled mode theory for axisymmetric bathymetry. The three-dimensional coupled mode approach applied in this thesis is fundamentally identical to the one applied in earlier models, such as the one presented by Taroudakis. Thus, it is based on a Fourier expansion of the acoustic field around a seamount, with each azimuthal expansion coefficient being ... |
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| Atomistic Calculation of Elastic Moduli in Strained Silicon |
APR 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Zhu; Ernian Pan; Peter W. Chung; Xinli Cai; Kim M. Liew; Alper Buldum; AKRON UNIV OH DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
| Strained silicon is becoming a new technology in silicon industry where the novel strain-induced features are utilized. In this report we present a molecular dynamic prediction for the elastic stiffnesses C11, C12, and C44 in strained silicon as functions of the volumetric strain level. Our approach combines basic continuum mechanics with the classical molecular dynamic approach, supplemented with the Stillinger Weber potential. Using our approach, the bulk modulus, effective elastic ... |
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| Improved Formulation of a Recombinant Ricin A-chain Vaccine Increases its Stability and Effective Antigenicity |
26 MAR 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
John H. Carra; Robert W. Wannemacher; Ralph F. Tammariello; Changhong Y. Lindsey; Richard E. Dinterman; Rowena D. Schokman; Leonard A. Smith; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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| Ricin is a potent toxin associated with bioterrorism for which no vaccine or specific countermeasures are currently available. A stable, non-toxic and immunogenic recombinant ricin A-chain vaccine (RTA 1-33/44-198) has been developed by protein engineering. We identified optimal formulation conditions for this vaccine under which it remained stable and potent in storage for up to 18 months, and resisted multiple rounds of freeze-thawing without stabilizing co-solvents. Reformulation from phosphate buffer ... |
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| Classical Methods for Frequency-Based Equations of State |
MAR 2007 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Steven B. Segletes; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A review of recent work by the author in the area of classical equation-of-state development is presented. The scope of the review extends from equation-of-state stability constraints to a frequency-based, closed-form equation-of-state formulation incorporating the effects of non-nearest lattice neighbors. |
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| A Theory of State Behavior under Threat: The Tragedy of Domestic Realism |
MAR 2007 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
Omar F. Khoury; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis introduces the theory of domestic realism to explain and predict state behavior under threat. The formulation of the theory relies on a dual track approach. The first is eclectic and deductive; this track utilizes concepts from diverse fields, especially from International Relations theory, to build the theory. The second track is inductive and illustrates the theory by introducing four case studies. Domestic realism holds that the behavior of ... |
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| Polarimetric Interferometry |
01 FEB 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Martin Hellmann; Shane R. Cloude; GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER KOLN (GERMANY) INST OF MATERIALS RESEARCH
|
| This lecture presents the role of Polarimetry in SAR Interferometry. A general formulation for vector wave interferometry is presented that includes conventional scalar interferometry presented in the respective former lecture as a special case. Based on this formulation, the coherence optimization problem can be solved to obtain the optimum scattering mechanisms that lead to the best phase estimates. Comparison with conventional single-polarization estimates illustrates the significant processing gains that are ... |
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| DNA Vaccination of the American Crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos) Provides Partial Protection Against Lethal Challenge with West Nile Virus |
01 JAN 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Michel L. Bunning; Patricia E. Fox; Richard A. Bowen; Nicholas Komar; Gwong-Jen J. Chang; Tully J. Speaker; Michael R. Stephens; Nicole Nemeth; Nicholas A. Panella; Stanley A. Langevin; Paul Gordy; Max Teehee; Patricia R. Bright; Michael J. Turell; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD VIROLOGY DIV
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| The New York 1999 strain of West Nile virus (WNV) is nearly 100% fatal in the American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos). We evaluated four WNV vaccine formulations in American crows, including intramuscular (i.m.) DNA vaccine, i.m. DNA vaccine with adjuvant, orally administered microencapsulated DNA vaccine, and i.m. killed vaccine. Neutralizing antibodies developed in approximately 80% of crows that received the DNA vaccine i.m. (with or without adjuvant), and in 44% that ... |
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| UAV Scheduling via the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (Preprint) |
JAN 2007 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Amanda L. Weinstein; Corey Schumacher; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AIR VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| In an urban environment, multiple small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) may be utilized to locate, surveil, or attack various targets. Whatever the task, the air vehicles must cooperate by efficiently communicating with each other and optimally assigning each UAV to the appropriate task at the appropriate target and at the appropriate time. In this paper, a vehicle assignment algorithm is developed using a mixed integer linear program (MILP) to find ... |
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| Weak Dirichlet Boundary Conditions for Wall-Bounded Turbulent Flows |
JAN 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Y. Bazilevs; C. Michler; V. M. Calo; T. J. Hughes; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN DEPT OF MTHEMATICS AND INST OF COMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCES
|
| In turbulence applications, strongly imposed no-slip conditions often lead to inaccurate mean flow quantities for coarse boundary-layer meshes. To circumvent this shortcoming, weakly imposed Dirichlet boundary conditions for fluid dynamics were recently introduced. In the present work, the authors propose a modification of the original weak boundary condition formulation that consistently incorporates the well-known "law of the wall." To compare the different methods, they conduct numerical experiments for turbulent channel ... |
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| Large Deviations for Stochastic Flows of Diffeomorphisms |
2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Amarjit Budhiraja; Paul Dupuis; Vasileios Maroulas; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| A large deviation principle is established for a general class of stochastic flows in the small noise limit. This result is then applied to a Bayesian formulation of an image matching problem, and an approximate maximum likelihood property is shown for the solution of an optimization problem involving the large deviations rate function. |
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| Measuring the Level of Transfer Learning by an AP Physics Problem-Solver |
2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Klenk; Ken Forbus; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL
|
| Transfer learning is the ability of an agent to apply knowledge learned in previous tasks to new problems or domains. We approach this problem by focusing on model formulation, i.e., how to move from the unruly, broad set of concepts used in everyday life to a concise, formal vocabulary of abstractions that can be used effectively for problem solving. This paper describes how the Companions cognitive architecture uses analogical model ... |
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| Evaluation of Delft3D Performance in Nearshore Flows |
28 DEC 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Y. L. Hsu; James D. Dykes; Richard A. Allard; James M. Kaihatu; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The Delft3D modeling system, developed by Delft Hydraulics (www.wldelft.nl) is capable of simulating hydrodynamic processes due to waves, tides, rivers, winds, and coastal currents. It can be used to provide surf prediction for areas with complicated bathymetry where the use of a one-dimensional surf model is inappropriate. Delft3D has many model options and free parameters. The main objective of this investigation is to examine the effects of these selections on ... |
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| OPNAV N432D Responsibilities and Impact on Budget Formulation for the Navy Flying Hour Program |
DEC 2006 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
David K. Jarvis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| OPNAV N432D serves as the Navy's resident expert on the Flying Hour Program (FHP) and the chief agent in the management of FHP funding. The Navy utilizes the Department of Defense Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution System (PPBES) to provide the resources for the FHP. Due to the complexity of the PPBES and the FHP management procedures and processes, new officers assigned to N432D spend a large portion of their ... |
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| Human-Goal-Based Metrics for Models of Urban and Natural Terrain and for Approximation Theory |
01 NOV 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
John E. Lavery; ARMY RESEARCH OFFICE RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
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| In virtually all approximation theory, classical mathematical metrics, especially Sobolev norms, on linear spaces of smooth functions have been used as the measures of approximation. However, the assumption of smoothness is not generically applicable and most of the classical metrics used to measure how well one function approximates another do not provide information that is consistent with human perception and goals. In this paper, we construct metrics for approximation based ... |
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