| Experimentally Characterizing the Plume of a Divergent Cusped-Field Thruster |
24-Sep-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Manuel Martinez-Sanchez; Michael R Nakles; Hargus; William A Jr; Stephen R Gildea; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
 | Divergent cusped-field thrusters are electric propulsion devices characterized by a divergent, dielectric wall channel and a magnetic topology dominated by two magnetic cusps and a magnetic bottle near the anode. Initial testing results suggest that this technology may lend itself to miniaturization while providing improved lifetime performance over miniature Hall thruster designs. This paper presents results of detailed probing of the divergent cusped-field thruster plume using a faraday cup and ... |
|
| Dissociative Excitation Transfer in the Reaction of O2(a(1)delta(g)) with OH-(H2O)1,2 Clusters |
04-Sep-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Midey; Albert A Viggiano; Veronica M Bierbaum; Jurgen Troe; Nicole Eyet; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| Rate constants for the dissociation of OH(-)(H(2)0) and OH(-)(H(2)0)(2) by transfer of electronic energy from 0(2)(a(1)Delta(g)) were measured. Values of 1.8 X 10(-11) and 2.2 X 10(-11) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1) respectively, at 300 K were derived and temperature dependencies were obtained from 300 to 500 K for OH(-1)(H(2)0) and from 300 to 400 K for OH(-)(H(2)0)(2). Dissociative excitation transfer with OH(-1)(H(2)0) is slightly endothermic and the reaction appears to have ... |
|
| Investigation of Low Discharge Voltage Hall Thruster Operating Modes and Ionization Processes |
14-Aug-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel L Brown; Alec D Gallimore; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| A study of low discharge voltage Hall thruster operation revealed the existence of two operating regimes. Small variations in cathode flow fraction and magnetic field resulted in sharp changes in discharge current with constant thrust, corresponding to a visible change in the jet-mode plume structure. The phenomenon is characterized with a systematic map of thruster operation for discharge voltages ranging from 100 - 120 V, anode flow rates from 10 ... |
|
| Mass Spectrometric Analysis of the Electrospray Plume from an Externally Wetted Tungsten Ribbon Emitter |
Aug-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Yu-Hui Chiu; Brian W Ticknor; Shawn W Miller; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| Angle-resolved mass spectrometry in conjunction with retarding potential energy analysis provides information on the mechanisms of ion field evaporation and spatial distributions of the emitted ions and droplets, the latter being of particular importance in the emitter array configuration. In the present study, we conduct mass spectrometric, retarding potential, and angular distribution measurements for ions. The angle resolved measurements indicate that the spray comprises a mixture of droplets and ions. ... |
|
| The Effect of Variable Gravity on the Cooling Performance of a Partially-Confined FC-72 Spray |
Jul-2009 |
214 pages |
| Authors:
John McQuillen; Travis E Michalak; Kirk L Yerkes; Scott K Thomas; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This thesis discusses the effects of a variable-gravity environment on the performance of a subcooled partially-confined spray. An experiment, consisting of a test chamber, the associated flow loops, and instrumentation, was fabricated and flown on the NASA Reduced-Gravity Testing Platform. This modified KC-135 aircraft followed a parabolic flight path to provide various acceleration levels. The spray chamber contained two opposing nozzles spraying onto Thick Film Resistor (TFR) heaters, which were ... |
|
| Evaporation Rates of Chemical Warfare Agents Measured Using 5 CM Wind Tunnels. 2. Munitions Grade Sulfur Mustard From Sand |
Jul-2009 |
184 pages |
| Authors:
H D Durst; Erin L Maloney; Christopher V Giannaras; Bruce E King; Joseph P Myers; Robert G Nickol; Seok H Hong; Kenneth B Sumpter; Carol A Brevett; John J Pence; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP GUNPOWDER MD
|
| The evaporation of sulfur mustard from sand was studied as a function of temperature, drop size and air flow rate, using the same instrumentation as prior studies on glass. The evaporation rate increased with higher temperature, drop size, and wind speed; and an empirical equation was determined that would allow for the calculation of the evaporation rate given the environmental conditions. |
|
| Characterization of Convective Boiling in Branching Channel Heat Sinks |
06-May-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah V Pence; James A Liburdy; Vinod Narayanan; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS
|
| Convective boiling and gas-liquid flows in branching microscale flow networks within disk-shaped heat sinks were studied experimentally. Void fraction and flow regime variations as a function of branch level were reported for gas-liquid flows and compared with existing void fraction correlations and regime maps, respectively. Two methods for assessing void fraction were used, with void fraction assessed using two-dimensional high-speed images providing the best assessment. Void fraction in convective boiling ... |
|
| Demonstration of Ethanol and JP-8 Fuel Atomization Using Micromachined Silicon Multiplexed Electrosprays |
May-2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
C M Waits; Israel Boniche; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| This work discusses the fabrication and experimental testing of multiplexed electrospray (ESpray) devices micromachined in silicon substrates. Variations to the experimental test stands from previous work demonstrating Ethanol spraying are described for the successful demonstration of JP-8 spraying. Five different ESpray devices were microfabricated to gain an understanding of the operating limits for stable electrospraying. The microfabrication of ESpray devices consists of independently fabricating its two components (extractor and nozzle ... |
|
| Biologically Inspired Artificial Haircell Sensors |
23-Jun-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Chang Liu; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMAPIGN
|
 | The use and development of unmanned aircraft has significantly increased recently. As electronics packages and equipment have decreased in size and weight, so have the potential dimensions of these aircraft. The ability of these vehicles to retain acceptable lift is highly sensitive to separation of flow over the lift surface. The team developed the design and fabrication process for high sensitivity artificial haircell sensors and characterized their performances. The sensors ... |
|
| An Experimental Study of Water Injection into a Rolls-Royce Model 250-C20B Turboshaft Gas Turbine |
06-May-2008 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel L Golden; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| Environmental responsibility is a focus of researchers in many fields. In the field of engine and propulsion research this is manifested in a focus on minimization of emissions while maximizing efficiency and performance. Water Fog Injection (WFI) has been suggested as a method for the suppression of nitrous oxide emissions in gas turbines. WFI consists of spraying a fine mist of water into the compressor inlet of the gas turbine. ... |
|
| Estimation of Combined Wave and Storm Surge Overtopping at Earthen Levees |
MAY 2008 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Steven A. Hughes; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) provides empirical equations for estimating several parameters of unsteady flow resulting from the combination of steady storm surge overflow and overtopping of irregular waves at a trapezoidal-shaped earthen levee. Equations are given for the average overtopping discharge and the cumulative probability distribution of instantaneous overtopping discharge. On the landward-side slope, empirical equations can be used to estimate the mean flow depth, mean ... |
|
| Characterization of Reaerosolization in an Effort to Improve Sampling of Airborne Viruses |
01-Apr-2008 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Lindsey Riemenschneider; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES
|
| Airborne virus outbreaks, including the influenza pandemic of 1918, the recent SARS pandemic and the anticipated H5N1 outbreak, plus the perceived threat of bioterrorism warrant concern about the prevalence and potential effects of airborne viruses. However, current bioaerosol sampling methods do not effectively sample airborne viruses (typically 20 - 300 nm). To address this problem, a novel Bioaerosol Amplification Unit (BAU) has been designed and constructed to increase the size ... |
|
| Advanced Cathodes for Next Generation Electric Propulsion Technology |
01-Mar-2008 |
174 pages |
| Authors:
Dustin J Warner; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The research presented here investigated the feasibility of a 6.4 mm Lanthanum Hexaboride (LaB6) and Cerium Hexaboride (CeB6) hollow cathode for low power electric propulsion applications (100-300W). Two orifice geometries, one anode configuration, several anode and keeper currents, and a range of flow rates were tested for the LaB6 cathode. The CeB6 cathode underwent the same tests, with the exception of the second orifice geometry due to time constraints. The ... |
|
| Filtered Rayleigh Scattering Measurements in a Buoyant Flow Field |
MAR 2008 |
141 pages |
| Authors:
Steven M. Meents; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Filtered Rayleigh Scattering (FRS) is a non-intrusive, laser-based flow characterization technique that consists of a narrow linewidth laser, a molecular absorption filter, and a high resolution camera behind the filter to record images. Gases of different species have different molecular scattering cross-sections that become apparent as they pass through the interrogating laser light source, and this difference is used to discriminate between the different gaseous components. This study focuses on ... |
|
| An Analysis of Groundwater Flow Patterns in a Constructed Treatment Wetland Cell |
MAR 2008 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca S. Corbin; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research effort analyzed groundwater flow paths within a treatment wetland constructed to degrade tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in groundwater. The treatment cell is a vertical flow wetland that allows the water to flow from the bottom to the surface breaking down PCE and daughter products. The method of conducting this research included collecting field data of hydraulic head contours nested piezometers and collecting data from sampling wells to determine hydraulic conductivities ... |
|
| Experimental Study of the Mini-Helicon Thruster |
Feb-2008 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Jean-Luc Cambier; Oleg Batishchev; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE SPACE PROPULSION LAB
|
| An experimental program to develop and test a mini-helicon thruster is described. The helicon discharge was designed and built in several different configurations using low- and high-current electromagnets. The program was designed to address several objectives: (i) to achieve a high coupling of RF-power to plasma and efficient acceleration to 20km/sec; (ii) to evaluate the scaling relations between power density, flow rates and B-field strength; (iii) to demonstrate operation with ... |
|
| Estimation of Overtopping Flow Velocities on Earthen Levees Due to Irregular Waves |
JAN 2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Steven A. Hughes; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) provides empirical equations to estimate flow velocity and flow thickness resulting from irregular waves overtopping a trapezoidal-shaped earthen levee. The CHETN summarizes published European research with the goal of providing practicing engineers with design guidance in a concise and understandable form. Worked examples illustrate application of the empirical equations. |
|
| Advanced Thermally Stable Coal-Based Jet Fuels |
Jan-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Harold Schobert; Bruce Beaver; Andre Boehman; Caroline Clifford; Dominic Santavicca; Robert Santoro; Geoffrey Wilson; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK COAL UTILIZATION CENTER
|
| The contract year represented a no-cost extension on the original contract. Work was continued on the use of solvent extraction of coal to produce a material suitable for further hydrotreating to the coal-based JP-8 fuel. This switch to solvent extraction instead of relying on the refined chemical oil used previously i in full agreement with recommendations provided by RAND. Exploratory work was begun to evaluate the possible production of nuclear ... |
|
| Characterization of Ethylene/JP-10 Fuel Injection Profiles for a Valveless Pulse Detonation Engine |
DEC 2007 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J. Danaher; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Practical use of the pulse detonation engine as a form of propulsion for future aircraft and missile platforms depends upon the ability to reliably detonate a fuel air mixture at high frequencies in order to produce an acceptable level of thrust, and to take advantage of the higher thermodynamic efficiency available from the pulse detonation engine combustion cycle. This research thesis focused on improving and mapping fuel fraction delivery profiles ... |
|
| Investigation of Radio Frequency Discharges and Langmuir Probe Diagnostic Methods in a Fast Flowing Electronegative Background Gas |
DEC 2007 |
326 pages |
| Authors:
Nathaniel P. Lockwood; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Discharges in a flowing background gas are used to produce charged and excited species for numerous applications including etching semiconductors and pumping gas discharge lasers (Pinhero and others, 1998). The effect of a flowing background gas on the charged and excited neutral species generation by an RF discharge in a flow tube and the diagnostics of the resulting plasma with a Langmuir probe have been investigated for pressures between 0.001 ... |
|
| Micro Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser (COIL) |
OCT 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Carol Livermore-Clifford; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| It has been previously proposed to improve the performance and compactness of chemical oxygen-iodine lasers (COIL) through the replacement of some of their macroscale components with arrays of higher-performing microscale (MEMS) components. In this program, a MEMS singlet oxygen generator (SOG) to power a COIL laser was designed, microfabricated from silicon and glass wafers, and successfully demonstrated. The MEMS SOG contained an array of reaction channels for the chemical reaction ... |
|
| Preliminary Results on Coaxial Jets Spread Angles and the Effects of Variable Phase Transverse Acoustic Fields (Preprint) |
21 AUG 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Ivett A. Leyva; Douglas Talley; Juan I. Rodriguez; Bruce Chehroudi; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| An experimental study on the jet spreading angle of N2 shear coaxial jets at sub-, near-, and supercritical pressures is presented. The jet spreading angle is an important parameter which characterizes the mixing between two flows forming a shear layer. The present results are compared with previous experimental data, CFD results, and theoretical predictions. The angle measurements are made directly from at least 20 backlit images. The shear coaxial injector ... |
|
| Radar Absorbing Colloidal Solutions (RACS) |
AUG 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Conrad Stoldt; Michael H. Stowell; Zoya Popovic; Albert P. Pisano; David C. Walther; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Lastly, studies were directed toward the development and modeling of colloid containing microfluidics for the active modulation of microwave absorption. A method for the self-pumping of immiscible fluids was developed and a numerical model was formulated to estimate liquid flow rates in the microchannels as a function of different parameters including device dimensions and fluid properties. Initial work also focused on the development of non-lossy injection molded microfluidic platforms fabricated ... |
|
| Flame Characteristics and Fuel Entrainment Inside a Cavity Flame Holder in a Scramjet Combustor (Postprint) |
JUL 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Kuo-Chen Lin; Chung-Jen Tam; Isaac Boxx; Campbell Carter; Kevin Jackson; Martin Lindsey; TAITECH INC BEAVERCREEK OH
|
| Flame structures and operating limits of an ethylene-fueled recessed cavity flameholder were investigated both experimentally and numerically, using a newly developed AFRL research scram jet flowpath at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Flush-wall low-angled injectors were used as main fuel injectors. The recessed cavity features an array of fueling ports on the aft ramp for direct cavity fueling. The cavity operating conditions include 1) direct cavity fueling, 2) direct cavity fueling ... |
|
| Characteristics and Sampling Efficiencies of Two Personal Aerosol Samplers |
JUL 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Jana S. Kesavan; Deborah R. Schepers; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| Characteristics and aerosol sampling efficiencies of two units of the same model Personal Aerosol Sampler (PAS-1 and PAS-2) were characterized at ECBC. These samplers were designed and manufactured by Research Center for Toxicology and Hygienic Regulation of Biopreparations at the Federal Directorate of Medical, Biological and Extreme Problems "Medbioextrem", Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Russia. These samplers have non-traditional wetted wall cyclones to collect and concentrate aerosols into ... |
|
| Thrust Stand Mass Balance Measurements of Hybrid Motor Mass Flow (Postprint) |
08 JUN 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Olliges; M. D. Killingsworth; T. C. Lilly; A. D. Ketsdever; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| A novel diagnostic technique has been developed, utilizing the Thrust Stand Mass Balance, to directly measure a time accurate mass flow from a solid-fuel thruster for systems where the mass flow rate is of the same order as the experimental error. The mass flow measurement technique has been verified using an idealized numerical simulation. Two calibration experiments have been performed to assess the dynamic response of the mass balance. First, ... |
|
| Thrust Stand Mass Balance Measurements of Hybrid Motor Mass Flow (Preprint) |
08 JUN 2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Olliges; M. D. Killingsworth; T. C. Lilly; A. D. Ketsdever; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| A novel diagnostic technique has been developed, utilizing the Thrust Stand Mass Balance, to directly measure a time accurate mass flow from a solid-fuel thruster for systems where the mass flow rate is of the same order as the experimental error. The mass flow measurement technique has been verified using an idealized numerical simulation. Two calibration experiments have been performed to assess the dynamic response of the mass balance. First, ... |
|
| Influence of Geometry on a High Surface Area-Solid Phase Microextraction Sampler for Chemical Vapor Collection |
04 JUN 2007 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Robbie L. Wheeler; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOMETRICS
|
| The High Surface Area Solid Phase Microextraction "HSA-SPME" device is an internally heated sampling device designed for high-volume, trace level air sampling. This study compared the analyte extraction and durability of five different HSA-SPME geometric configurations at two sample flow rates. Each HSA-SPME configuration was tested for its ability to extract a 10 ppbv 39-component gas mixture and thermally desorb into an analytical instrument. Differences in analyte recovery between the ... |
|
| Steady-State and Dynamic Desorption of Organic Vapor From Activated Carbon With Electrothermal Swing Adsorption |
Jun-2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick D Sullivan; Mark J Rood; Byung J Kim; Hamidreza Emamipour; Zaher Hashisho; Diego Cevallos; Deborah L Thurston; K J Hay; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| A new method to achieve steady-state and dynamic tracking desorption of organic compounds from activated carbon was developed and tested with a bench-scale system. Activated carbon fiber cloth (ACFC) was used to adsorb methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) from air streams. Direct electrothermal heating was then used to desorb the vapor to generate select vapor concentrations at 500 ppmv and 5000 ppmv in air. Dynamic-tracking desorption was also achieved with carefully ... |
|
| The Impact of Manifold-to-Orifice Turning Angle on Sharp-Edge Orifice Flow Characteristics in both Cavitation and Non-Cavitation Turbulent Flow Regimes (Preprint) |
JUN 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
W. H. Nurick; T. Ohanian; D. G. Talley; P. A. Strakey; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| The approach taken was to analyze the results in a manner consistent with application by design engineers to new and existing applications, while providing some insight into the processes that are occurring. This paper deals with predicting the initiation of cavitation, cavitation impacts on Cc, and non-cavitation impacts on Cd from L/D of 5 sharp-edge orifices with both single angle and compound angle directional flow. The results show that in ... |
|
| Pulsed Injection Flow Control for Throttling in Supersonic Nozzles - A Computational Fluid Dynamics Design Study (Preprint) |
14 MAY 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Dan Baruzzini; Neal D. Domel; Daniel N. Miller; LOCKHEED MARTIN AERONAUTICS CO FORT WORTH TX
|
| A vehicle propelled by an engine with a variable geometry nozzle allows the nozzle expansion ratio to vary with altitude and flight condition, thereby optimizing engine performance. Active flow control offers a method of providing the functionality of a variable throat area system without requiring variable geometry. Throttling the mass flow rate through the nozzle throat controls the effective throat area, subsequently controlling the effective expansion ratio of the overall ... |
|
| Pulsed Injection Flow Control for Throttling in Supersonic Nozzles - A Computational Fluid Dynamics Based Performance Correlation (Preprint) |
14 MAY 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Neal D. Domel; Dan Baruzzini; Daniel N. Miller; LOCKHEED MARTIN AERONAUTICS CO FORT WORTH TX
|
| A vehicle propelled by an engine with a variable geometry nozzle allows the nozzle expansion ratio to vary with altitude and flight condition, thereby optimizing vehicle performance. Rockets are examples of vehicles with high nozzle pressure ratios (NPRs), which operate over a large altitude range. Active flow control offers a method of reducing the effective aerodynamic throat of a rocket nozzle in a geometrically fixed structure. Throttling the mass flow ... |
|
| Impact of L/D on 90 Degree Sharp-Edge Orifice Flow with Manifold Passage Cross Flow (Preprint) |
30 APR 2007 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
W. H. Nurick; T. Ohanian; D. G. Talley; P. A. Strakey; SCIENCE AND TECH APPLICATIONS LLC MOORPARK CA
|
| A process model is proposed to explain the various stages of flow conditions that are observed by measurement as the flow transitions from non-cavitation to cavitation (turbulent flow), supercavitation, and finally separation in sharp-edge 90 degree orifices. This study includes orifice L/D from 1 to 10, orifice diameters of nominally 0.048 and 0.078 inch, and upstream pressures from 100 to 1500 psi as well as manifold cross flow velocity of ... |
|
| Using Value-Focused Thinking to Evaluate the Use of Innovative Stormwater Management Technologies on Air Force Installations |
MAR 2007 |
118 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey T. Falcone; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Stormwater runoff occurs naturally after every storm event; however, traditional development practices have created many impervious surfaces (e.g., buildings, parking lots, streets) that increase runoff volume and flow rate. Conventional stormwater management practices focus on collecting runoff into centralized channels and conveying it as quickly as possible to local bodies of water. This type of conveyance system decreases the opportunity for stormwater to naturally infiltrate back into the ground. It ... |
|
| An Acoustic-Instrumented Mine for Studying Subsequent Burial |
Jan-2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Sean Griffin; John Bradley; Thiele; Maurice Jr; Michael D Richardson; Peter D Thorne; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOACOUSTICS DIV
|
| The U.S. Navy is supporting the research to develop and validate stochastic, time-dependent, mine burial prediction models to aid the tactical decision making process. This research requires continuous monitoring of both mine behavior during burial, and the near-field processes responsible for burial. A new instrumented mine has been developed that far exceeds the capabilities of the earlier optically instrumented mine in terms of the burial processes that can be measured. ... |
|
| Rapid Response Concentration-Controlled Desorption of Activated Carbon to Dampen Concentration Fluctuations |
Jan-2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark J Rood; Byung J Kim; Hamidreza Emamipour; Zaher Hashisho; Diego Cevallos; K J Hay; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| Fluctuations in concentration of organic vapors in gas streams that are treated by devices such as biofilters or oxidizers make it challenging to remove the vapors from the gas streams in an efficient and economic manner. Combining adsorption with concentration-controlled desorption provides an active buffer between the source of vapors and the control device for better control of concentration and flow rate of the gas stream that is treated by ... |
|
| Analytical Solutions for Open Channel Temperature Response to Unsteady Thermal Discharge and Boundary Heating |
Jan-2007 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
H S Tang; T R Keen; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Analytical solutions are derived for a one-dimensional model of the bulk temperature response of open-channel flow with unsteady and nonuniform heating at an upstream boundary, the water surface, and the riverbed. The model describes the temperature variation as kinematic waves, and the solutions are explicit formulas that are comprised of transient terms, which play dominant roles at the upstream end, and equilibrium terms, which determine the temperature far downstream. It ... |
|
| Fluoride Ion Regeneration of Cyclosarin (Gf) from Minipig Tissue and Fluids Following Whole Body GF Vapor Exposure |
01 NOV 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Edward N Jakubowski; Jeffery M. McGuire; Ronald A. Evans; Stanley W. Hulet; Robert J. Mioduszewski; Sandra A. Thomson; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Recent developments to improve nerve agent biomarker techniques include methods for measuring fluoride regenerated Sarin (GB) in blood and tissue. Our efforts extend the fluoride ion regeneration method to be able to determine cyclosarin (GF) in red blood cells, plasma, and tissue of minipig blood samples after whole body exposure to GF at miosis levels. Blood samples were taken serially before, during, and after whole body GF exposure from the ... |
|
| Scalable Electrospray Components for Portable Power Applications Using MEMS Fabrication Techniques |
NOV 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
C. M. Waits; N. Jankowski; B. Geil; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| Methods for integrative assembly and manufacturing using micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication are reported for a novel compact fuel injector having applications in soldier level power systems. MEMS techniques are used to precisely fabricate and accurately assemble the components of a multiplexed electrospray device allowing for higher compactness, while achieving higher flow rates and using lower power. Integrated devices are reported to achieve 20 cc/hour of ethanol flow with a ... |
|
| Characteristics and Sampling Efficiencies of OMNI 3000 Aerosol Samplers |
OCT 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jana S. Kesavan; Deborah R. Schepers; MITRETEK SYSTEMS FALLS CHURCH VA
|
| Characteristics and aerosol sampling efficiencies of four Omni 3000 aerosol samplers (Sceptor Industries, Inc., Kansas, MO) were determined at ECBC. These samplers have nontraditional wetted-wall cyclones to collect and concentrate aerosols into liquid. The sampling efficiency tests were conducted with monodisperse 0.5-, 1-, 3-, and 5-mum fluorescent polystyrene latex (PSL) microsperes and 2.9-, 5.8-, and 8-mum fluorescent oleic acid particles. The results showed the highest sampling efficiency of 91% for ... |
|
| New Advanced Mass Casualty Breathing System for Oxygen Therapy: Phase 1 |
OCT 2006 |
|
| Authors:
F. Bouak; D. J. Eaton; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
|
| This report describes the first phase of a project to develop an efficient mass casualty oxygen (O2) breathing system for O2 therapy in remote areas. In this first phase, DRDC Toronto was tasked to investigate the performance of the Pulmanex Hi-Ox mask (Hi-Ox) at O2 flow rates from 4 litres per minute (L min-1) down to 0.5 L min-1. Performance was evaluated with eighteen male and female volunteers between the ... |
|
| Diode Laser Diagnostics of High Speed Flows (Postprint) |
OCT 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Skip Williams; Dominic Barone; Todd Barhorst; Kevin Jackson; K. C. Lin; Pat Masterson; Qingchun Zhao; Andrew D. Sappey; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This document contains the specific requirements and preliminary results for the Optical Mass Capture (OMC) experiment for the Fundamental RESearch Hypersonic Flight experimentation (FRESH Fx) program. The objective of this effort is to develop and demonstrate in flight a diode-laser-based measurement of engine air mass capture in the inlet or isolator of a hypersonic vehicle over an altitude range of 60,000-90,000 ft with an average Mach number of 7.5 over ... |
|
| Respirator Filter Efficiency Testing Against Particulate and Biological Aerosols Under Moderate to High Flow Rates |
AUG 2006 |
183 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron W. Richardson; Jonathan P. Eshbaugh; Kent C. Hofacre; Paul D. Gardner; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH
|
| The growing terrorism threat associated with biological and chemical agents presents a challenge to emergency responders, healthcare workers, and the civilian population. Currently, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved respirators are used in various workplace settings to provide protection against harmful aerosols. The primary objective of this project was to evaluate and compare the aerosol filtration performance of NIOSH-approved respirator filters with non-biological (inert) and biological test aerosols ... |
|
| Freeform Extrusion of High Solids Loading Ceramic Slurries. Part 1: Extrusion Process Modeling |
JUL 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S. Mason; Tieshu Huang; Robert G. Landers; Ming C. Leu; Gregory E. Hilmas; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| A novel, solid freeform fabrication method has been developed for the manufacture of ceramic-based components in an environmentally friendly fashion. The method is based on the extrusion of ceramic slurries using water as the binding media. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) is currently being used as the part material and solids loading as high as 60 vol. % has been achieved. This paper describes a novel manufacturing machine that has been developed ... |
|
| Reattachment of a Separated Boundary Layer on a Flat Plate in a Highly Adverse Pressure Gradient Using a Plasma Actuator (Postprint) |
01-Jun-2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Issac G Boxx; Richard B Rivir; Jeffery M Newcamp; Nathan M Woods; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH TURBINE ENGINE DIV
|
| An experimental study was performed to examine the phase-dependent response characteristics of a dielectric barrier discharge plasma flow control actuator. The actuator was investigated on a fully separated flat plate boundary layer with an adverse freestream pressure gradient distribution. The actuator was positioned downstream of the boundary layer separation. Phase-locked particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to obtain two-dimensional velocity field measurements at thirty equally spaced phase-angles along the sinusoidal ... |
|
| Permeability Prediction of Three-Dimensional Woven Fabrics |
08 MAY 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Woo II Lee; SEOUL NATIONAL UNIV (KOREA) SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| Liquid molding processes are becoming more popular among the composite manufacturing industries due to their versatility and economy among other merits. In analyzing the flow during the process, permeability is the most important parameter. Permeability has been regarded as a property of the porous medium. However, in many practical cases, the value may vary depending on the flow conditions such as the flow rate. It is speculated that this deviation ... |
|
| Dynamic Computer Model of a Stirling Space Nuclear Power System |
04 MAY 2006 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Justin L. Langlois; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| In this project the components of a Stirling space nuclear power system were modeled using MATLAB(Registered) and Simulink(Registered) under both steady state and transient conditions. Using information provided through NASA's Glenn Research Center, the Department of Energy's Naval Reactors, and literature from previous work in nuclear space power systems, the system architecture was developed. At steady state, the space power system was designed to produce 200 kW(e) and consisted of ... |
|
| Coralville Reservoir Water Quality Project |
MAY 2006 |
249 pages |
| Authors:
Claudia Espinosa-Villegas; Craig Just; Tatsuaki Nakato; Jerald Schnoor; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY COLL OF ENGINEERING
|
| The Coralville flood control dam is located in Johnson County, Iowa, about three miles north of Iowa City. The lake, at the conservation pool, 680 feet mean sea level (msl), is 21.7 miles long with a surface area of 2,650 acres, and at spillway level (712 feet msl) is 45.1 miles long with a surface area of 25,040 acres. Prior to February 1992 the level of the pool was normally ... |
|
| Development of an Abrasive Water Jet Optimum Abrasive Flow Rate Model for Titanium Alloy Cutting (Preprint) |
MAY 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
S. J. Zhang; G. Galecki; D. A. Summers; C. Swallow; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA
|
| As the abrasive water jet (AWJ) is used in industry extensively, optimization of the process parameters that determine efficiency, economy and quality of the process is becoming more and more important for its successful application. However, being a complicated cutting system, an abrasive water jet is characterized by a large number of process parameters, which include water pressure, orifice diameter, traverse rate, standoff distance, impact angle, focusing tube diameter, abrasive ... |
|
| Development of Co-Extrusion Technologies for Green Manufacture of Energetics |
APR 2006 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Dilhan M. Kalyon; Halil Gevgilili; Hansong Tang; Moinuddin Malik; Arshad Mirza; E. Deminkol; Bert Greenberg; Duncan Park; Kristin Jasinkiewicz; Judith M. Mahon; STEVENS INST OF TECHNOLOGY HOBOKEN NJ HIGHLY FILLED MATERIALS INST
|
| The manufacturing of co-extruded grains of highly filled propellant suspensions is a complicated operation, which requires a detailed and realistic understanding of the various types of interface, surface, and bulk instabilities. This understanding is necessary to be able to successfully manufacture fast core propellants using co-extrusion (ram or twin screw extrusion based). In this investigation, the fundamentals of the co-extrusion process were investigated by a combination of experimental and simulation ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
FLOW RATE
