| Directed Self-Assembly and Morphology of Aryl-Substituted POSS in Polyetherimide Films |
22-Oct-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew J Guenthner; Joseph M Mabry; Gregory R Yandek; Kevin R Lamison; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
 | Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) share characteristics of small molecules as well as nanoparticles, making them attractive candidates for studies of directed self-assembly. The use of POSS in high-temperature engineering thermoplastics has been limited to date by strong incompatibility between the generally aliphatic POSS substituents and the generally aromatic backbones of engineering thermoplastics. We report on the morphology (via SEM and light scattering), and physical properties (such as Tg) of a ... |
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| Health Implications of Biofilms in Drinking Water Systems |
19-May-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Anne K Camper; MONTANA STATE UNIV BOZEMAN
|
| Pathogenic bacteria can be trapped and retained in biofilms in drinking water distribution systems for times that exceed their persistence in the water. Consequently, biofilms can be used as a tool for interrogating a drinking water system to determine if an agent has been added. Basic and applied research has provided insight on how to detect pathogens, how they are retained in biofilms, the behavior of these organisms in biofilms, ... |
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| NRL/NAVSEA Research and Related |
30-Mar-2009 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Shelby F Thames; James W Rawlins; Lon Mathias; Kenneth Mauritz; Sergei Nazarenko; Robson F Storey; Marek Urban; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI HATTIESBURG
|
| Waterborne, very low volatile organic compound (VOC) content Navy haze gray (NHG) coatings were developed using vegetable oil macromonomer (VOMM)-based latexes. The coatings successfully met the requirements of specifications MIL-PRF-24635C and MIL-PRF-24569A. The monomer and latex syntheses were scaled up to prepare 20 gallons of the NHG coating, which was shipped to two Florida locations, Pentech and NRL, for evaluation on December 2, 2008. AFM characterization techniques developed to track ... |
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| Laboratory Instrumentation Design Research for Scalable Next Generation Epitaxy: Non-Equilibrium Wide Application Epitaxial Patterning by Intelligent Control (NEW-EPIC). Volume 1. 3D Composition/Doping Control via Micromiror Patterned Deep UV Photodesorpt |
19-Feb-2009 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
W A Doolittle; A B Frazier; S D Burnham; David Pritchett; Daniel Billingsley; Walter Henderson; Thomas Myers; Annabell Selloni; ASL ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES NORTH SAANICH (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
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| A novel UV-assisted MOMBE system has been developed enabling intense UV irradiation of films during growth. High quality, heavily (unintentionally) carbon-doped GaN is successfully grown by NH3-based MOMBE and for the first time InGaN, AlGaN, and magnesium-doped GaN are demonstrated by NH3-based MOMBE. Intense UV irradiation of films during NH3-based MOMBE significantly enhances photo-desorption of species during the growth process, subsequently affecting the resultant InGaN alloy composition, carbon dopant concentration, ... |
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| Quantum Dot / Optical Protein Bio-Nano Hybrid System for Biosensing Applications |
Dec-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
M Griep; D Lueking; R Mackay; G Mallick; S Karna; C Friedrich; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS
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| The unique energy transfer interaction between the optical protein bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) provides a potential modulation mechanism for bio-nano electronic application. We have utilized ionic-self assembled monolayer (I-SAM) techniques to create a novel alternating monolayer system of QDs and bR on a conductive ITO substrate. Results demonstrate the ability to efficiently create bR/QD multilayer films along with the ability to control bR/QD spacing on the nanometer ... |
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| Study on the Fabrication and Characterization of Piezoelectric Paper Made With Cellulose |
07-Oct-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jaehwan Kim; INHA UNIV INCHEON (SOUTH KOREA) DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This report deals piezoelectric paper made with cellulose by mechanically and electrically aligning regenerated cellulose films. Cellulose electro-active paper was prepared by dissolving cotton pulp in LiCl/N, N-dimethylacetamide solution and regenerating cellulose chains. An electric field was applied in the mechanical direction of cellulose films along with mechanical stretching. Alignment of cellulose chains was investigated in terms of applying electric field. The characteristics of cellulose films were analyzed by x-ray ... |
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| Flux Pinning Enhancement in YBa2Cu3O7-x Films with BaSnO3 Nanoparticles |
01-Oct-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
P N Barnes; Chakrapani V Varanasi; J Burke; L Brunke; I Maartense; T J Haugan; E A Stinzianni; K A Dunn; P Haldar; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Nanoparticles of BaSnO3 were incorporated into YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films on LaAlO3 substrates for magnetic flux pinning enhancements. More than an order of magnitude improvement in the high field magnetization Jc at 6 T at 77 K was observed as compared to regular YBCO films. The irreversibility field (Hirr) was increased to 8.5 T at 77 K and to 13.4 T at 65 K. The in-field transport current measurements confirmed an ... |
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| Studies on Enhancing Transverse Thermal Conductivity in Carbon/Carbon Composites |
01-Oct-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lalit M Manocha; SOPHISTICATED INSTRUMENTS CENTER FOR APPLIED RESEARCH AND TESTING (SICART) VALLABH VIDYANAGAR (INDIA)
|
| In the present studies, attempts were made to prepare multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on a large scale in the form of aligned carbon nanotubes as arrays. Arrays of these carbon nanotubes were densified, like in carbon felt densification process by filling the space within the nanotubes. Therefore, the work undertaken in the present studies was to develop arrays of MWNTs and to develop aligned MWNTs composite films using chemical vapor ... |
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| Integration of Optical Protein and Quantum Dot Films for Biosensing |
Aug-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Govind Mallick; Mark Griep; Shashi P Karna; Donald Lueking; Craig Friedrich; MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV HOUGHTON DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING MECHANICS
|
| The unique energy transfer interaction between the optical protein bacteriorhodopsin (bR) and Cd/Se quantum dots (QDs) provides a potential modulation mechanism for bio-nano electronic application. We have utilized ionic self-assembled monolayer (I-SAM) techniques to create a novel alternating monolayer system of QDs and bR on a conductive ITO substrate. Results demonstrate the ability to efficiently create bR/QD multilayer films along with the ability to control bR/QD spacing on the nanometer ... |
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| Microstructural Evolution during the Dynamic Deformation of High Strength Navy Steels |
19 MAY 2008 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
K. S. Kumar; BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI DIV OF ENGINEERING
|
| We have characterized the propensity for adiabatic shear band formation (an associated microstructural evolution) under dynamic deformation conditions in an ultra-high strength (160 Ksi/I 1.1GPa) Fe-10 Ni-0.lC-Cr,Mo,V steel and demonstrated that this steel is highly prone to shear localization and failure. In the as-received condition, the steel has a lath martensite microstructure. During dynamic deformation, shear localization occurs and manifests by an optically visible shear band; the original microstructure is ... |
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| Novel Conductive Coatings of Carbon Nanotubes: A Fundamental Study |
29 FEB 2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Duck J. Yang; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS RICHARDSON
|
| Among several CNT samples we tested, the best performance result we have achieved is with metallic SWNT (m- SWNT) coated on PEN (poly-ethylene-naphthalate) transparent composite film: it gave conductivity of 1 30/sq with 80% transmittance at 400-700nm wavelength range. In contrast,, current commercially available single side inorganic, brittle ITO coated PET film gave 88/sq with 80% transmittance. Our sample mentioned above was prepared with double side coating using a dipping ... |
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| Improved Thin Film Piezoelectrics for Actuator Applications |
04-Feb-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Susan Trolier-McKinstry; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
|
| Thin film piezoelectrics for microelectromechanical systems offer large motions, often with low hysteresis, high available energy densities, as well as high sensitivity sensors with wide dynamic ranges, and low power requirements. Among ferroelectric films, the majority of the MEMS sensors and actuators developed have utilized lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films as the transducer. Randomly oriented PZT films show piezoelectric e31 ,f coefficients of about - 6 to 7 C/m2 at ... |
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| Preparation, Electromechanical, and Structural Study of Carbon Nanotube/Gelatin Nanocomposites |
15 JAN 2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Soo-Young Park; KYUNGPOOK NATIONAL UNIV DAEGU (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
|
| Multi-walled carbon nanotube "MWNT"/gelatin composites by dispersion of MWNT through ultrasonication in an aqueous medium with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate "SDS". The swelling behavior and the bending mechanism of the composite and pure gelatin films were studied in order to clarify the potential use of MWNT in the gelatin actuator. The response of the composite and pure hydrogel to the applied electrical field in the NaCl aqueous solution was ... |
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| Research and Development of Coated Conductors Using Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition |
SEP 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
V. Selvamanickam; SUPERPOWER INC SCHENECTADY NY
|
| This is a new 3-year program to build on the success of the previously funded AFOST Contract FA9550-04-C-0020. In the last year of this program, we made major progress in both objectives of the program. We fabricated films of different thickness by our standard MOCVD processes and worked with our collaborators (ORNL, LANL, FSU,) to understand the microstructural reasons for the Ic performance using a variety of advanced characterization tools. ... |
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| Film Implementation of a Neutron Detector (FIND): Critical Materials Properties |
Sep-2007 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne C McGinnis; Roy Clarke; Codrin Cionca; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA APPLIED RESEARCH BRANCH (CODE 2373)
|
| The research described in this report addresses the need for efficient and convenient inspection of buildings, vehicles, persons, and other places for concealed nuclear materials (such as uranium or plutonium) that are used or capable of being used in nuclear weapons. One way to determine the presence of nuclear materials is to detect the neutrons that are emitted from the atomic nucleus of these materials in the radioactive decay process. ... |
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| Self Assembled, Ultra-Hydrophobic Micro/Nano-Textured Surfaces |
APR 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Adam M. Rawlett; Joshua A. Orlicki; Nicole Zander; Afia Karikari; Tim Long; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| The formation of hierarchically ordered arrays of spherical cavities on polymer films is of interest due to potential applications in the reparation of photonic bandgaps materials, environmental sensors, and patterned light-emitting diodes. While many methods are known for the preparation of these porous materials, the breath figure approach has received significant scrutiny because of the simple and robust mechanism of pattern formation. Breath figures are patterned arrays of micrometer-sized defects ... |
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| Negative Thermal Expansion In Ultrathin Plasma Polymerized Films (Preprint) |
MAR 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy J. Bunning; Hao Jiang; Srikanth Singamaneni; Vladimir V. Tsukruk; Melburne C. LeMieux; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| Owing to the increasing applications of polymer films with nanoscale thickness, it is imperative to fully characterize the physical properties in these films, which could be significantly different from the bulk properties due to the surface and interfacial effects. Interactions with the substrate and high specific surface area (film/ air and film/ substrate) can cause peculiar properties of the ultrathin polymer films. In a recent study the glass transition of ... |
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| Coatings and Biodegradable and Bioasorbable Films |
28 DEC 2006 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Shelby F. Thames; James W. Rawlins; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI HATTIESBURG
|
| Research and development activities focused on environmentally friendly monomer, polymer and composite materials for Navy coating and packaging needs. Specifically focusing on the plasticizing effects of vegetable oil macromonomers as incorporated into emulsion polymers for efficient almost zero VOC film formation and the additional benefit of auto-oxidative polymerization after application. The resulting formulated coatings met or exceeded each of the specified Military specifications and are currently being evaluated for larger ... |
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| Confocal Microscopy Studies for Plasma Surface Modified Films and Fibers |
DEC 2006 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Donovan Harris; Daphne Pappas; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The focus of this work is plasma-treated Nylon 6 films and woven fabrics characterization by a confocal laser scanning microscope. The purposes of these efforts were the preliminary characterization of vendor-treated materials prior to equipment installation and the evaluation of instrumentation capability to provide the data required in a time-effective manner. Brief technical discussions of the atmospheric plasma process and some of the resultant surface chemistries are presented in conjunction ... |
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| Hydrodynamic Fluid Film Bearings and Their Effect on the Stability of Rotating Machinery |
01 NOV 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Luis S. Andres; TEXAS A AND M UNIV COLLEGE STATION TURBOMACHINERY LABS
|
| The lecture introduces the basic principles of hydrodynamic lubrication and the fundamental equation of Classical Lubrication Theory. The analysis proceeds to derive the static and dynamic performance characteristics of short length cylindrical journal bearings, with application to the dynamic forced performance of a rigid rotor supported on plain bearings. In a radial bearing, the Sommerfeld number defines a relationship between the static load and the journal eccentricity within the bearing. ... |
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| Gordon Research Conference on Electrodeposition |
04 AUG 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy R. Gray; Jay A. Switzer; GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCES INC KINGSTON RI
|
| The Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on Gordon Research Conference on Electrodeposition was held at Colby-Sawyer College, New London, NH from July 30, 2006 through August 4, 2006. The Conference was well-attended with 98 participants (attendees list attached). The attendees represented the spectrum of endeavor in this field coming from academia, industry, and government laboratories, both U.S. and foreign scientists, senior researchers, young investigators, and students. In designing the formal speakers ... |
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| In Situ Experimental Studies of Fundamental Degradation Processes in the Low Earth Orbit Environment |
01 AUG 2006 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Judith C. Yang; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The primary accomplishment of this MURI team was demonstrating that completed different oxides form due to exposure to hyperthermal atomic oxygen, and, hence, novel oxidation mechanisms are needed to explain such unusual oxide structures. ITO: the reactivity of AO causes recrystallization of the ITO nanograins along the interface between the ITO and substrate, which would negatively affect the film adhesion. Si: Remarkably homogeneous and uniform oxides form that are thicker ... |
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| Continuation of the Program on Photoinduced Magnetism |
24 JUL 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur J. Epstein; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Photoinduced magnetism (PIM) studies were successfully extended to the class of organic-based high Tc magnetic semiconductors based on V[TCNE]2, with PIM discovered in the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) prepared films to nearly 150 K. A previously unknown phenomenon, photoinduced diamagnetism (reversible decrease in the magnetization) was revealed in these materials. We developed a powerful new experimental method to studies PIM, Photoinduced FerroMagnetic Resonance (PIFMR). PIFMR determined that the photoinduced decrease ... |
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| Research on Nitride Thin Films, Advanced Plasma Diagnostics, and Charged-Particle Processes |
JUL 2006 |
130 pages |
| Authors:
William C. Lanter; Wei Guo; Charles Q. Jiao; David C. Ingram; INNOVATIVE SCIENTIFIC SOLUTIONS INC DAYTON OH
|
| This program has three sub-tasks: 1) Nitride Thin-Film Coatings, 2) Advanced Plasma Diagnostics, and 3) Studies of Charged-Particle Processes. The focus of Task 1 has been to develop amorphous carbon-nitride films utilizing controlled plasma-generated ions to increase the nitrogen concentration within the film. It is anticipated that development of films with higher concentrations of nitrogen will lead to properties similar to those theoretically calculated for crystalline β-C3N4. Successful development of ... |
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| Development of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Early Detection of Masses Using Retrospectively Detected Cancers on Prior Mammograms |
JUN 2006 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Jun Wei; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| The goal of this project is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for mass detection using advanced computer vision techniques that will be trained with retrospectively detected cancers on prior mammograms. The new CAD system will be combined with our existing CAD system. When fully developed, the new dual CAD system should increase the sensitivity of detecting cancers at the early stage without compromising the sensitivity for other cancers. ... |
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| Characterization of Exploding Film Plasmas Using Emission Spectroscopy |
May-2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
W J Sarjeant; A Halstead; K Burke; R Lange; J Mahan; H Moore; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO ENERGY SYSTEMS INST
|
| Exploding films have a variety of potential applications including current interrupters, ignition of energetic materials, and sources of intense light. However, characterization of these events remains a challenge as the average duration of an event is only on the order of 100 ?s in our studies. An effort to obtain a complete understanding of the exploding film and plasma generation phenomena is underway. This paper investigates the spectral and electrical ... |
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| Inductance, Capacitance, and Resistance of a Surrogate Exploding Wire |
May-2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
H Singh; W J Sarjeant; J Berkow; S Olabisi; M Hood; K Struzik; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO ENERGY SYSTEMS INST
|
| Recent research into the exploding wire phenomenon has shown that capacitor grade metallized polypropylene film (MPPF) may perform as a surrogate to an exploding wire. The reaction of the MPPF to a high voltage capacitive discharge is similar to that of an exploding wire. A key difference that exists between the MPPF and the wire is that due to geometry, the stray capacitance and inductance of the film may have ... |
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| Stacking Nematic Elastomers for Artificial Muscle Applications |
APR 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher M. Spillmann; Jawad Naciri; Brett D. Martin; Waleed Farahat; Hugh Herr; Banahalli R. Ratna; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR BIOMOLECULAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| Nematic liquid crystal elastomers are thermally actuated to produce macroscopic, anisotropic shape changes. Uniaxial contraction and extension of liquid crystal elastomers can be achieved by cycling the temperature of the material through the nematic to isotropic phase transition. In this report, a new approach is introduced by layering liquid crystal elastomer films to create thermally actuated stacks. A heating element and thermally conductive grease embedded between elastomer films provide a ... |
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| Self Assembled Nano-Photonic Devices Derived from Marine DNA for Opto-Electronic Applications |
30 MAR 2006 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Naoya Ogata; OGATA RESEARCH LAB HOKKAIDO (JAPAN)
|
| Optical and photochromic properties of spiropyran-intercalated DNA-surfactant complex films were studied for optical switching. The switching speed was observed as 200-300 ms. They depended on the type of spiropyran as well as the type of surfactant. Spiropyrans containing the oxazine ring and intercalated into DNA showed a very rapid photochromic response. It also showed that photochromic response times became much faster when intensity of the excitation light increased. Various DNA-cationic ... |
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| Chemical Modification of Fluorinated Polyimides: New Thermally Curing Hybrid-Polymers With POSS (PREPRINT) |
15 MAR 2006 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E. Wright; Brian J. Petteys; Andrew J. Guenthner; Stephen Fallis; Gregory R. Yandek; Sandra J. Tomczak; Timothy K. Minton; Amy Brunsvold; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| A series of four new end-capped and hydroxymethyl-functionalized polyimides were prepared. Through a two-step chemical modification process 3- aminopropylisobutyl-POSS was covalently attached to the polymer backbone. POSS loading levels as high as 40 wt-% could be obtained while maintaining excellent processability and optical clarity of thin films. Concurrent attachment of either a cyanate ester or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) group afforded processable POSS-polyimides that underwent thermal curing to yield solvent resistant ... |
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| Atomization of Wall-Bounded Two-Phase Flows (PREPRINT) |
08 MAR 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Malissa D. Lightfoot; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| The current understanding of droplet generation processes from liquid films is reviewed. Films are defined as liquids with one free and one wall-bound surface. In many of the systems where films occur, atomization is an undesirable side-effect of the two-phase flow. The motivation for this study, however, is a process where atomization from the film is the goal--a gas-centered swirl coaxial rocket injector. Because atomization is often unwanted in film ... |
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| Atomization in Gas-Centered Swirl-Coaxial Injectors |
08 MAR 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
M. D. Lightfoot; S. A. Danczyk; D. G. Talley; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| A preliminary study of atomization mechanisms in gas-centered swirl-coaxial injectors for use in rocket engines has been undertaken. Gas-centered swirl-coaxial injectors differ from other injectors in that atomization occurs from a wall-bounded liquid. Few studies of atomization mechanisms in wall-bounded flows exist; some probable atomization processes have been determined, however. These mechanisms include liquid turbulence, aerodynamic stripping and a process driven by gas-phase structures. The likely character of the gas ... |
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| The Effects of Surface Texture, Flow, and Dissolved Cues from Biofilms on Settlement and Attachment of Fouling Organisms to Marine Coatings |
12 JAN 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Michael G. Hadfield; HAWAII UNIV AT MANOA HONOLULU
|
| This study investigated the effects of natural and man-made coatings on the settlement and adhesion of larvae of fouling organisms onto surfaces in realistic water-flow conditions characteristic of harbors, where the colonization of ships by fouling organisms takes place. The objectives were as follows: (1) supply larvae for experiments from target species representing different phyla, swimming capabilities, and attachment mechanisms; (2) measure water velocity profiles and turbulence near submerged surfaces ... |
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| Effect of Pre-Strain on the Dielectric and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of HSIII Silicone |
JAN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
J. P. Szabo; R. S. Underhill; M. Rawji; I. A. Keough; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ATLANTIC DARTMOUTH (CANADA)
|
 | In this study, the mechanical and electrical properties of a silicone polymer were studied as a function of pre strain in order to improve our understanding of dielectric breakdown phenomena in amorphous elastomeric materials. HSIII silicone (Dow Corning) films were prepared and studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, dielectric analysis, and dielectric breakdown experiments. It was found that the storage modulus increased significantly with uniaxial stretch, from 0.4 MPa in the ... |
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| Mathematical Modeling, Simulation, and Control of Physical Processes |
2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas P. Svobodny; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH DEPT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
|
| This research program had as fundamental objectives: to develop a mathematical model of the physical processes attendant to material deposition, particularly pulsed laser deposition, including the ablation, plume dynamics, and film growth, with a focus on eventual automatic control of the process; to develop efficient ways of computing and simulating some of the physical processes of pulsed laser deposition, and to complement experimental results to understand the basic physics and ... |
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| Improving Water Spray Efficacy for Fire Suppression via CO2 Addition at High Pressures and Low Temperatures: Evidence for CO2 Clathrate Hydrate Formation |
2006 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Shawn E. Hunter; Lixiong Li; Doug Dierdorf; Timothy Armendinger; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| This paper describes a technique for achieving a compact aqueous spray that incorporates CO2 into the spray at low temperatures (T < 10C) and high pressures (P > 10 MPa). A high-pressure spray apparatus was used to explore the effects of temperature (4-25 C), nominal CO2 mole fraction (0-0.12), in-line filter pore size (0.5-7 micrometer), and additives on the high-pressure (12-19 MPa) water spray patterns. Divergence of the high-pressure H2O-CO2 ... |
|
| Design and Calibration of a X-Ray Millibeam |
DEC 2005 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph W. Silvers; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| It has been generally accepted that genetic damage is caused by the deposition of energy within the nucleus of a cell, and the extent of this damage is approximately proportional to the absorbed dose (the linear no-threshold dose-response model). However, recent experiments have shown that genetic alterations, cell death or transformation can occur in cells that receive no direct radiation at all - the so-called bystander effect. The goal of ... |
|
| Atomization Mechanism of Wall-Bounded Two-Phase Flows |
19 OCT 2005 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
M. D. Lightfoot; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| The current understanding of droplet generation processes from liquid films is reviewed. Films are defined as liquids with one free and one wall-bound surface. In many of the systems where films occur, atomization is an undesirable side-effect of the two-phase flow. The motivation for this study, however, is a process where atomization from the film is the goal -- a gas-centered swirl coaxial rocket injector. Because atomization is often unwanted ... |
|
| A Quantum Dot Optical Modulator for Integration With Si CMOS |
01 AUG 2005 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Y. H. Xie; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| During the period covered by this report, we have successfully overcome several technical challenges for the device fabrication and made solid progress heading toward a functional optical modulator of 635 nm working wavelength. This is the wavelength of the commercially available DVD lasers. The key challenge for us is the insufficient thickness control in spin-coating in the university fabrication laboratory like ours. As will be shown in the report, the ... |
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| Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy of Gold Nanoparticle-Coated Substrates: Use as an Indicator of Exposure to Chemical Warfare Simulants |
AUG 2005 |
|
| Authors:
David B. Pedersen; E. J. Duncan; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SUFFIELD (ALBERTA)
|
| Gold nanoparticles with diameters of 9 +or- 6 nm have been synthesized, using the citrate reduction method, and deposited onto quartz substrates. The responsiveness of the resulting gold nanoparticle films to gas-phase warfare agent simulant exposures has been examined using 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide and paraoxon. Significant shifts in the peak position of the surface plasmon resonance associated with the nanoparticles were observed in both cases. This shift was reversible and ... |
|
| Motion of Nanoparticles in Rarefied Gas Flows |
13 JUL 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
K. Nanbu; T. Otsuka; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN) INST OF FLUID SCIENCE
|
| Solar cells have been made from hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films. The films including Si nanoparticles by 3% in the volume fraction have been found to possess good properties. In order to find the method to control this volume fraction, the motion of Si nanoparticles in the rarefied flow of H2 and SiH4 is examined for a CVD (chemical vapor depositiion) reactor by use of the DSMC method. |
|
| Investigating the Interface of Superhydrophobic Surfaces in Contact With Water |
11 JUN 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Dhaval A. Doshi; Pratik B. Shah; Seema Singh; Eric D. Branson; Anthony P. Malanoski; Erik B. Watkins; Jaroslaw Majewski; Frank von Swol; C. J. Brinker; ILLINOIS UNIV CHAMPAIGN
|
| Neutron reflectivity (NR) is used to probe the solid, liquid, vapor interface of a porous superhydrophobic (SH) surface submerged in water. A low-temperature, low-pressure technique was used to prepare a rough, highly porous organosilica aerogel-like film. UV/ozone treatments were used to control the surface coverage of hydrophobic organic ligands on the silica framework, allowing the contact angle with water to be continuously varied over the range of 160 (superhydrophobic) to ... |
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| Novel Form Birefringence Modeling for an Ultracompact Sensor in Porous Silicon Films Using Polarization Interferometry |
01 JUN 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Beom-Hoan O; Chul-Hyun Choi; Soo-Beom Jo; Min-Woo Lee; Dong-Gue Park; Byeong-Gwon Kang; Sun-Hyung Kim; Rong Liu; Yang Y. Li; Michael J. Sailor; Yeshaiahu Fainman; INHA UNIV INCHEON (SOUTH KOREA)
|
| The optical form birefringence in porous silicon films is measured by analyzing the transmitted interference intensity of a polarization interferometer. A novel form birefringence model called "boundary condition (BC) model" for porous materials is introduced and evaluated experimentally against samples of porous silicon films. The variation of optical indexes of refraction vs the porosity in silicon films agrees with the calculated values of n(sub 0)/n(sub e) within 1% error using ... |
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| Vapor Sensor Realized in an Ultracompact Polarization Interferometer Built of a Freestanding Porous-Silicon Form Birefringent Film |
01 JUN 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Beom-Hoan O; Rong Liu; Yang Y. Li; Michael J. Sailor; Yeshaiahu Fainman; INHA UNIV INCHEON (SOUTH KOREA)
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| Abstract A novel vapor sensor that uses polarization interferometry in a form birefringent porous-silicon film is introduced, analyzed, and experimentally characterized. Simulations and analysis of accuracy, versatility, stability, and control of dynamic range of the device are provided. The simulation accurately predicts the polarization interference signal, which is used to estimate the effective refractive indexes characterizing the form birefringence of a porous-silicon film with 0.001 accuracy. The device was tested ... |
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| Development of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Early Detection of Masses Using Retrospectively Detected Cancers on Prior Mammograms |
JUN 2005 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Jun Wei; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| The goal of this project is to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for mass detection using advanced computer vision techniques that will be trained with retrospectively detected cancers on prior mammograms. The new CAD system will be combined with our existing CAD system. when fully developed, the new dual CAD system should increase the sensitivity of detecting cancers at the early stage without compromising the sensitivity for other cancers. ... |
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| Testing of Mylar Tear-Off Windshield Film for Aircraft |
31 MAY 2005 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Nathaniel E. Bordick; Mark E. Robeson; ARMY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING COMMAND FORT EUSTIS VA AVIATION APPLIED TECH DIRECTORATE
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| In an effort to combat windscreen erosion on Army aircraft, a Mylar film has been developed to apply directly to the environmentally exposed surface of windscreens. This film can be applied to aircraft windscreens in single or multiple layer sheets, which once removed will leave no permanent residue on the underlying surface. A qualitative evaluation of Mylar Tear-Off Windshield Film (MTOWF) has been conducted, and indicates that MTOWF is appropriate ... |
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| Digital Mammography: Development of an Advanced Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Breast Cancer Detection |
MAY 2005 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Heang-Ping Chan; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| The goal of the project is to develop computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) methods and systems for mammography using advanced computer vision techniques and image information fusion from multiple mammograms to improve lesion detection and characterization. When tally developed, the CAD system can assist radiologists in mammographic interpretation. During this project year, we have performed the following tasks: (1) collected databases of digital mammograms (DMs) and digitized film mammograms (DFMs) for development ... |
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| Nucleobase Orientation and Ordering in Films of Single-Stranded DNA on Gold |
APR 2005 |
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| Authors:
Dmitri Y. Petrovykh; V. Perez-Dieste; Aric Opdahl; Hiromi Kimura-Suda; J. M. Sullivan; Michael J. Tarlov; F. J. Himpsel; Lloyd J. Whitman; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| Understanding the structure of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) immobilized on surfaces is critical for applications exploiting the molecular recognition function of nucleic acids. Here we show how the structure of ssDNA monolayers can be characterized using complementary spectroscopies that probe electronic and vibrational states of nucleobasessX-ray photoelectron (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopies. XPS reveals core-level shifts sensitive to DNA surface chemistry; NEXAFS probes ... |
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| Toxic Industrial Chemical Tests of Resistance to Permeation by Protective Suits |
MAR 2005 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth Klemperer; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER CENTER MA
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| A Natick program to select and test protective materials for soldiers and first responders who face a threat from chemical accidents or terrorist attacks was applied under Congressional legislation of 1996 to assist the state and local first responder community in preparing for a potential chemical or biological attack. Commercial ensembles of three degrees of protection were selected for investigation of chemical resistance afforded by suits currently in use: level ... |
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| Fabrication of Polyurethane Dielectric Actuators |
2005 |
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| Authors:
Jeffrey P. Szabo; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ATLANTIC DARTMOUTH (CANADA)
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| This paper provides a summary of a 3-year Technology Investment Fund Project entitled "Dielectric Polymer Actuators for Active/Passive Vibration Isolation," which was completed in March 2005. The purpose of this project was to investigate dielectric polymer materials for potential use in active/passive vibration isolation. Work was carried out mainly at DRDC Atlantic, Bodycote Materials Testing Canada, Royal Military College, and Martec Limited. Major accomplishments of the TIF project included development ... |
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