| Joint Inversion of Crustal and Uppermost Mantle Structure in Western China (Postprint) |
12 May 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Xiadong Song; Zhen Xu; Luper Zhu; Yuming Zhou; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
|
 | The objective of this research is to develop joint-inversion methods involving P travel times (including secondary P), receiver functions, and surface wave dispersion measurements from ambient noise correlation and to apply them to the western China region to obtain 3D models of P and S structures of the crust and upper mantle. A search-based algorithm (neighborhood algorithm) for joint inversion of surface wave dispersion data, receiver function, and Pn delay ... |
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| Crust and Upper Mantle Structure from Joint Inversion of Body Wave and Gravity Data (Postprint). Annual Report 1 |
10 May 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Eric A Bergman; Charlotte A Rowe; Monica Maceira; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
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| We are investigating the crustal and upper mantle velocity structure of the region expressing the continental collision between the Arabian and Eurasian plates using a joint inversion of body wave arrival times and satellite gravity. The body wave data set is derived from previous and on-going work on location calibration and includes a large (1700 events) subset of events that qualify as GT590. The associated arrival time data sets for ... |
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| Constraining Source Terms, Regional Attenuation Models, and Site Effects (Postprint) |
22 Mar 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Mark D Fisk; W S Phillips; ALLIANT TECHSYSTEMS INC GOLETA CA
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| This effort is directed at improving the calibration of Q, geometrical spreading, source, and site effects for regional seismic phases in Eurasia. As a starting point, spectral ratios of regional phases for nearby similar earthquakes of different moments have been used to eliminate path and site effects, giving more reliable estimates of source parameters. The spectra for the source terms are then corrected to estimate more reliable distance and site ... |
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| Developing Regionalized Models of Lithospheric Thickness and Velocity Structure Across Eurasia and the Middle East from Jointly Inverting P-Wave and S-Wave Receiver Functions with Rayleigh Wave Group and Phase Velocities |
Sep 2011 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jordi Julia; Eric Matzel; Andrew A Nyblade; Arthur J Rodgers; PENN STATE RESEARCH FOUNDATION UNIVERSITY PARK PA
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| The main goal of this project is to develop models of lithospheric velocity structure for Eurasia and the Middle East in order to improve capabilities within National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) labs to accurately predict travel times for local and regional phases, as well as travel-times for body waves at upper-mantle triplication distances. Velocity models of the lithosphere are key for accurately modeling not only travel times but also surface-wave ... |
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| Developing Regionalized Models of Lithospheric Thickness and Velocity Structure Across Eurasia and the Middle East from Jointly Inverting P-Wave and S-Wave Receiver Functions with Rayleigh Wave Group and Phase Velocities |
Sep 2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Jordi Julia; Andrew A Nyblade; Arthur J Rodgers; Eric Matzel; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY
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| The main goal of this project is to develop regionalized models of lithospheric velocity structure for a wide variety of tectonic regions throughout Eurasia and the Middle East. We expect the regionalized models will improve the ability of the National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) labs to predict travel times for local and regional phases, such as Pg, Pn, Sn and Lg, as well as travel times for body waves at ... |
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| Calibration of Attenuation Structure in Eurasia to Improve Discrimination and Yield |
Sep 2010 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E Pasyanos; William R Walter; Eric Matzel; Sean R Ford; Rengin Gok; Arthur J Rodgers; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| It is well known that one-dimensional models do a poor job of predicting both regional amplitudes and travel-times over large and tectonically complicated regions. As a result regional discrimination methods (e.g., high-frequency P/S, Ms:mb) and magnitude estimates (e.g. coda magnitude) can perform poorly when applied over broad regions. The careful calibration of the earth's attenuation structure is critical to the universal application of event discrimination and yield estimation methods down ... |
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| Estimating the Uncertainty and Predictive Capabilities of Three-Dimensional Earth Models |
30-Sep-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen C Myers; Delaine T Reiter; William L Rodi; WESTON GEOPHYSICAL LEXINGTON MA
|
| Many three-dimensional models of seismic velocity structure in Eurasia have been developed in recent years by the seismic nuclear monitoring community. Most of these models are not accompanied by quantitative estimates of uncertainty, either in the model velocities themselves or in geophysical observables predicted by the models (e.g., body-wave travel times). Moreover, the various 3D models produced by these studies have not been compared to one another for their predictive ... |
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| A Stepwise, Iterative Procedure to Constrain Stress Drop, Regional Attenuation Models, and Site Effects |
30-Sep-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
W S Phillips; Mark D Fisk; ALLIANT TECHSYSTEMS INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Accurate corrections for distance, source size, and site effects are needed for reliable use of regional seismic phases for discrimination and magnitude estimation. Procedures that simultaneously invert for attenuation, geometrical spreading, site, and source parameters have been shown to include many trade-offs and instabilities that have led to significantly inaccurate corrections for distance and source terms. Under previous work, we developed and applied an approach to constrain source parameters, including ... |
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| Senescence as a Factor in Latent Pathogen Infection in Eurasian Watermilfoil |
Sep-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| This technical note describes the results of a laboratory investigation conducted to evaluate how fungal endophytes may contribute to plant senescence. This has important implications for aquatic plant control because endophytes turned latent pathogens can induce rapid declines in plant populations. Endophytes are microorganisms that live asymptomatically within host tissues. They are broadly defined as organisms that colonize plant tissues at some time in their life without causing harm to ... |
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| Mycoleptodiscus terrestris: An Endophyte Turned Latent Pathogen of Eurasian Watermilfoil |
Mar-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Plants that are stressed or weakened are more susceptible to disease than healthy plants. An endophytic fungus that has the capability of becoming a latent pathogen may trigger a host-fungus interaction resulting in disease development in Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) (EWM) plants when they are subjected to stress. The purpose of the present study was to determine if endophyte infected (E+) plants that are weakened by nutrient stress decline ... |
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| Developments of Finite-Frequency Seismic Theory and Applications to Regional Tomographic Imaging |
31-Jan-2009 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaoping Yang; Yang Shen; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP (SAIC) ARLINGTON VA
|
| We use banana-doughnut sensitivity kernels of teleseismic body waves to image the crust and mantle beneath eastern Eurasia. We have collected and processed available broadband data from both permanent stations and temporary networks in eastern Eurasia. In southeast Tibet, where a PASSCAL experiment provided a dense station coverage, a detailed study is carried out to obtain high-resolution P- and Svelocity models. A regional P-wave velocity model for eastern Eurasia is ... |
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| Finite-Frequency Seismic Tomography of Body Waves and Surface Waves from Ambient Seismic Noise: Crustal and Mantle Structure Beneath Eastern Eurasia |
30-Sep-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Wei Zhang; Xiaoping Yang; Yong Ren; Ting Yang; Yang Shen; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP SAN DIEGO CA
|
| To improve seismic calibration for nuclear explosion monitoring, we use 3D sensitivity kernels of finite-frequency body and surface waves to develop models of the crustal and mantle structures beneath eastern Eurasia. We have collected and processed available broadband data from both permanent stations and temporary networks in eastern Eurasia. We obtained a regional P-wave velocity model for the mantle structures down to 1,500 km beneath the eastern Eurasia. We also ... |
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| Seismic Tomography of the Arabian-Eurasian Collision Zone and Surrounding Areas |
30-Sep-2008 |
|
| Authors:
M N Van der Toksoz; Robert D Hilst; Youshun Sun; Levent Gulen; Dogan Kalafat; Huseyin S Kuleli; Chang Li; Haijiang Zhang; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
 | The objectives of this study are to determine P- and S-wave velocity structures in the crust and upper mantle and to characterize seismic wave propagation in the Arabian-Eurasian collision zone and surrounding areas, including Iran, Arabia, Eastern Turkey, and the Caucasus. The Arabian-Eurasian plate boundary is a complex tectonic zone shaped by continent-continent collision processes. In recent years the number of seismic stations has increased greatly in the region because ... |
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| Development of Surface Wave Dispersion and Attenuation Maps and Improved Methods for Measuring Surface Waves |
30-May-2008 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffry L Stevens; Heming Xu; Jeffrey W Given; G E Baker; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP SAN DIEGO CA
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| The objective of this project is to optimize surface wave measurements, particularly at regional and local distances, and over the high frequency period band of 8-15 seconds. There are three main parts to this study: 1) We collect and then invert Eurasian surface wave amplitude data for attenuation and Q structure; 2) we develop amplitude corrections using the Born approximation and then compare them with observations and with the results ... |
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| The DISAM Journal of International Security Assistance Management. Volume 29, Number 4, December 2007. Building Partnership Capacity |
Dec-2007 |
152 pages |
| Authors:
DEFENSE INST OF SECURITY ASSISTANCE MANAGEMENT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This quarter's DISAM Journal features a series of articles covering the School of International Graduate Studies at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). and their relationships with the Center for Civil-Military Relations, Defense Resource Management Institute, and Global Center for Security Operations - a good update to the Winter 2005 Journal which featured NPS in total. There is a multitude of articles in the legislation and policy arena these days and ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries |
27 NOV 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Russian oil and natural gas industries are increasingly important players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the increasing concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government. This latter phenomenon has been accompanied by an increasingly authoritarian political system under the control of President Vladimir Putin, in which former intelligence officers play key roles. Russian firms have tried to purchase ... |
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| Obtaining Unique, Comprehensive Deep Seismic Sounding Data Sets for CTBT Monitoring and Broad Seismological Studies |
02 JUL 2007 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Igor B. Morozov; Elena A. Morozova; Scott B. Smithson; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS
|
| In cooperation with the Center for Geophysical and Geoecological Studies (GEON, Moscow, Russia), the University of Wyoming and now also with the University of Saskatchewan digitized, edited, transferred into standard digital formats, and delivered to public domain seismic records from 12 major Deep Seismic Sounding (DSS) projects acquired in 1970-1980's in the former Soviet Union. The data include 3-component records from 22 Peaceful Nuclear Explosions (PNEs) and over 500 chemical ... |
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| Abrupt Emergence of Diverse of Species B Adenoviruses at US Military Recruit Training Centers |
11-May-2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
K L Russell; A E Kajon; D Metzgar; M Osuna; A W Hawksworth; M Irvine; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Background. Adenoviruses (Ads) cause continuous outbreaks of acute respiratory disease (ARD) in US military training facilities. In 1996, the loss of vaccines targeting the dominant recruit-associated serotypes precipitated the reemergence of Ads in these populations. Between 1999 and 2002, serotype 4 accounted for 95% of Ads isolated from recruits and for 50% of ARD cases in training facilities (15,000 cases/year). Methods. Ads (n 1867) collected between 2002 and 2006 from ... |
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| Ukraine After the Orange Revolution: Can It Complete Military Transformation and Join the U.S.-Led War on Terrorism? |
OCT 2006 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah Sanders; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| Launched almost 5 years ago, the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT) is a U.S.-led campaign with the twin aims of ending international terrorism through the defeat of terrorist groups, and ending state sponsorship of terrorism. This protracted struggle has taken many forms, ranging from U.S.-led invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq to the promotion of democracy in unstable regions. There is a recognition within the U.S. Government that, ultimately, progress in ... |
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| Continent-Wide Maps of 5-50 S Rayleigh-Wave Attenuation for Eurasia Inferred from Maps of 1-Hz Lg Coda Q and its Frequency Dependence |
SEP 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Lianli Cong; Brian J. Mitchell; SAINT LOUIS UNIV MO OFFICE OF RESEARCH SERVICES
|
| The crust of southern Eurasia is characterised by low Q values (200-450) for 1-Hz Lg coda everywhere from Spain to China. The north-south extent of that low-Q zone varies from being relatively narrow in western Europe to being very broad from the Middle East to China. Those variations in both magnitude and width first became apparent with the development of continent-wide tomographic maps of Lg coda Q. The most recent ... |
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| Amplitude Analysis and Modeling of Regional Phases in PNE Profiles in Northern Eurasia and Seismic Regionalization |
30 JUN 2006 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Igor B. Morozov; Hongyan Li; Elena Morozova; Joel Duenow; Haishan Zheng; Scott B. Smithson; WYOMING UNIV LARAMIE DEPT OF GEOLOGY
|
| Seismological observations play an important role in detecting and locating all nuclear events, determining their yields and distinguishing them from earthquakes and other chemical explosions. Regional phases play a critical role for small-yield nuclear test monitoring. Regional phases travel in the crust and the upper mantle, which are very heterogeneous, therefore, calibration of phase propagation characteristics within different tectonic and geologic environments is necessary to use regional phases for nuclear ... |
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| Transnational Crime and the Criminal-Terrorist Nexus: Synergies and Corporate Trends |
MAY 2005 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Hesterman; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL CENTER FOR AEROSPACE DOCTRINE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION
|
| Modernized transnational crime is on the rise and threatens our national security like never before. Globalization, technological advances, and anarchy resulting from the end of the Cold War has made transnational crime much easier to perpetrate and has given criminals flexibility to change tactics to evade law enforcement continually. Exacerbating the growing problem is the fact that the groups involved in transnational crime operate with a level of sophistication previously ... |
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| Euro-Atlantic Integration - Ukrainian Security Options in the Twenty- First Century: Origins and Developments |
MAR 2005 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Andrii Smorodin; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis reviews security options, available for Ukraine since it emerged as an independent state. The choice of taking the European model for the development, integration to the Euro-Atlantic security structures and then to European economic and political space became the dominant option for the current Ukrainian government. Neutrality and Euro-Asian (Russian) vectors of policy, exploited in the past, gained less attention under the current domestic and international environment. However, ... |
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| Disaster Preparedness: Anticipating the Worst Case Scenario Issue Paper Volume 05-05, March 2005 |
MAR 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA CENTER FOR STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP
|
| South Asia, geologically speaking, is a very dynamic region. Its northern boundaries follow the convergence of the Indian and Eurasian Plates, while its southern edge is contained within the Ring of Fire. Although the major collision of continents that began the formation of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau occurred 50 million years ago, South Asia is still a seismically active area. Over the last century it has experienced eighteen ... |
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| Research on Seismic Calibration of the International Monitoring System in Northern Eurasia |
NOV 2004 |
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| Authors:
Gerald I. Kent; Victor V. Kirichenko; Yuri Kraev; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORPSAN DIEGO CA
|
| The main goals of the "Russian Seismoacoustic Research for CTBT monitoring" project were: Calibration of seismic stations of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) included in the International Monitoring System (IMS), Development of travel time data for calibration studies in northern Eurasia, Collection data on peaceful nuclear explosions (PNEs) in the former Soviet Union, The Geophysical Survey (GS) of RAS and the Complex Seismological Expedition (CSE) of the Joint Institute ... |
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| Transnational Crime and the Criminal-Terrorist Nexus: Synergies and Corporate Trends |
APR 2004 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Hesterman; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL CENTER FOR AEROSPACE DOCTRINE RESEARCH AND EDUCATION
|
| Modernized transnational crime is on the rise and threatens our national security like never before. Globalization, technological advances and anarchy resulting from the end of the Cold War has made transnational crime much easier to perpetrate and given criminals flexibility to change tactics to continually evade law enforcement. Exacerbating the growing problem is the fact that the groups involved in transnational crime operate with a level of sophistication previously only ... |
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| Impacts of Euhrychiopsis lecontei (Dietz) from Different Populations on the Growth and Nutrition of Eurasian Watermilfoil |
APR 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alfred F. Cofrancesco; Dwilette G. McFarland; John D. Madsen; Angela G. Poovey; Harvey L. Jones; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note provides information on the potential effects of the native weevil Euhrychiopsis lecontei on growth of Eurasian watermilfoil. Weevil impacts are identified based on evaluations of plant biomass, shoot height, and plant tissue nutrient characteristics. Populations of weevils from different geographical locations were tested and all proved to be of potential value to Corps biocontrol efforts. |
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| A NATO-Russia Contingency Command |
01-Jan-2004 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Peter B Zwack; KOSOVO PEACEKEEPING FORCE
|
| The time may be opportune to consider establishing a tangible, combined NATO and Russian military entity to jointly face the challenges of the post-9/11 world. The global geostrategic and political landscape has dramatically changed since al Qaeda's surprise attack on 11 September 2001, the United States and NATO's subsequent dismantling of the Taliban in Afghanistan, and the total defeat and liberation of Saddam Hussein's Iraq. All recognize a common threat ... |
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| Feasibility of the Use of 3D Models to Improve Regional Locations in W. China, Central Asia, and Parts of the Middle East |
09 SEP 2002 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Michael H. Ritzwoller; Nikolai M. Shapiro; Anatoli L. Levshin; Eric A. Bergman; Eric R. Engdahl; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| We have assembled a data set of nearly 1000 events across Eurasia and N. Africa whose locations and origin times are known with high accuracy. These events which occur in 23 event clusters, the groomed P and Pn arrival time data observed at regional distances, and about 1000 empirical phase path anomalies create a Ground Truth (CT) data base to be used to assess the quality of 3-D models and ... |
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| Patterns of Global Terrorism 2001 |
MAY 2002 |
195 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In 2001, terrorism cast its lethal shadow across the globe-yet the world's resolve to defeat it has never been greater. Country by country, region by region, we have strengthened law enforcement and intelligence cooperation and we have tightened border controls to make it harder for terrorists to move about, communicate, and plot. One by one, we are severing the financial bloodlines of terrorist organizations. But the campaign against international terrorism ... |
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| Assuring Access and Projecting Power. The Navy in the New Security Environment |
APR 2002 |
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| Authors:
Jr Cote Owen R.; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| In the new security environment, the U.S. military's deployments and operations will reflect a greater strategic concern with the balance of power along the long arc of the Mediterranean-Indo-Pacific littoral than on the balance between the major continental powers on the Eurasian land mass. The balance of power on the Eurasian land mass will remain important, but it will also remain stable without significant U.S. military support or intervention because ... |
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| Turkey and European Union Relations |
MAR 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Atilla Darendeli; AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The European Union is undoubtedly one of the major success stories to emerge from a violent century which saw millions of Europeans lose their lives in hostilities and conflict. The December 1999 European Council Meeting in Helsinki marked an uplifting ends to such a century. It not only set a vision for the future of the old continent in the new millennium, it also repositioned the horizons of Europe. The ... |
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| NATO and Russia: Bridge-Building for the 21st Century. Report of the Working Group on NATO-Russia Relations |
2002 |
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| Authors:
Robert E. Hunter; Sergey M. Rogov; Olga Oliker; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| The security environment for both NATO and Russia has changed significantly, especially since September 11, 2001. NATO and Russia face many similar challenges to their security, including transnational threats such as global terrorism and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. It is in their mutual interest to forge a new relationship, based on a genuine partnership that can help provide lasting security for all nations in Eurasia and can ... |
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| Attenuation Of LG Waves in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau |
OCT 2001 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jiakang Xie; LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY PALISADES NY
|
| In the past year I have been processing a large amount of regional/ teleseismic data from various broadband seismic stations in eastern Eurasia. Fourier spectra of Pn, Lg and Pg waves were computed for many events and paths to study path attenuations. Among the data collected and processed are Lg spectra collected from the 1991-1992 Tibetan Plateau Passive Experiment. Using these spectra and a standard two-station method that virtually eliminates ... |
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| Greece's New Geopolitics |
2001 |
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| Authors:
Ian O. Lesser; Michele Zanini; F. S. Larrabee; Katia Vlachos- Dengler; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Greece has been profoundly affected by recent changes in the international environment, on its borders, and within the country itself. Many long-standing assumptions about Greek interests and Greece's role have fallen away and have been supplanted by new approaches. The country has become progressively more modern and more European, and its international policy has become more sophisticated. At the same time, the geopolitical scene has evolved in ways that present ... |
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| Tritium/He-3 and O-18 Measurements During the ACSYS Expedition 1996 |
20 APR 2000 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Schlosser; LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY PALISADES NY
|
| This proposal requested half the funds required for collection, measurement, and interpretation of about 500 tritium/He-3 and 500 O-18 samples in the framework of the Swedish/German ACSYS (Arctic Climate System Study) cruise to the eastern Arctic Ocean in 1996. The work was focused on closing the existing tracer data gap in the eastern part of the Eurasian Basin. Coverage of this part of the Arctic ... |
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| NATO Looks South. New Challenges and New Strategies in the Meditarranean |
2000 |
|
| Authors:
Ian O. Lesser; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| The security environment facing the United States and NATO in Europe is continuing to change in fundamental ways almost a decade after the fall of the Soviet Union. One significant change has been the steady growth of security challenges emanating from Europe's southern periphery-around the Mediterranean and beyond. The United States remains the dominant security actor in this region, and NATO strategy is beginning to ... |
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| KAZAKHSTAN: United States Engagement for Eurasian Security |
28 MAY 1999 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Craig E. Campbell; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
| This paper researched the proposition tnat United States in Central Asia was important to our national security strategy. It analyzed whether or not the United States should develop a tailored foreign policy for engaging the Republic of Kazakhstan. To accomplish that objective, the essay compared alternative policy options for advancing U.S. interests identified in the 1998 United States National Security Strategy for a New Century (NSS). Therefore, this essay has ... |
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| Variability of the Circulation in the European Polar Seas |
01 FEB 1999 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Schlosser; LAMONT-DOHERTY EARTH OBSERVATORY PALISADES NY
|
| Our primary goal was to study formation rates, pathways and mean residence times of the deep waters in the basins of the European Polar Seas. Evaluation of the tritium/(exp 3)He time series for the Greenland Sea Deep Water spanning the period between 1972 and 1988 yielded the surprising result of a drastic reduction in Greenland Sea Deep Water formation from about 0.5 Sv to 0.1 Sv starting around 1980. However, ... |
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| Predicting the Invasion of Eurasian Watermilfoil into Northern Lakes |
FEB 1999 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Madsen; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS
|
| A better understanding of factors related to invasion and colonization success of exotic species might improve both planning and implementation of management for invasions in new areas. Data from lakes containing Eurasian watermilfoil were evaluated to compare the extent of Eurasian watermilfoil dominance to common limnological parameters. The best predictors of Eurasian watermilfoil dominance were water column total phosphorus and Carlson's Trophic State Index. This analysis corroborates observations that Eurasian ... |
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| Russia as the Eurasian Bridge: Challenges of Russia's Integration into the World Community |
NOV 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Sergey Rogov; CENTER FOR NAVAL ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The Russian Federation has a tremendous potential for economic growth but needs a strategy that relies both on a well-thought-out and long-term program of economic development and on a realistic foreign policy Such a strategy must cover Russia's economic, technological, industrial transportation, information and international policies, for at least a period of a whole generation's lifetime. This paper discusses the "Eurasian Bridge Strategy", in which Russia ... |
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| Transport Pathways from the Eurasian Basin to the Canadian Basin of the Arctic Ocean and Submarine-Based Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) Measurements of The Upper Arctic Ocean |
30 SEP 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Robin D. Muench; EARTH AND SPACE RESEARCH SEATTLE WA
|
| Long-term goals have been to better document and understand circulation patterns and mixing processes in the Arctic Ocean. Emphases have been on the roles of small-scale and mesoscale processes in effecting water, heat and material transports. Means by which water, heat and dissolved materials transit laterally between the shelf-slope regions and the interior basins, and vertically through the halocline and upper mixed layer, have been of special interest. |
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| European Security and NATO Enlargement: A View from Central Europe |
APR 1998 |
190 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Blank; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| This report includes papers presented at the conference "Eurasian Security in the Era of NATO Enlargement, held in August 1997. The Strategic Studies Institute invited analysts and officials from all of the Central and East European countries, including those invited to join NATO, those not invited, and those former Soviet states with a vital interest in the outcome. In order to clarify fully the emerging security agenda in Europe and ... |
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| Investigation of Lg Attenuation and Blockage in Models of the Eurasian Crust |
04 JAN 98 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Vernon F. Cormier; Thomas S. Anderson; CONNECTICUT UNIV STORRS
|
| The efficiency of Lg propagation is predicted using known three- dimensional variations in large scale crustal structure with Lg modeled as a sum of SmS rays. The complexity of Lg coda is predicted assuming single scattering. Amplitude variations observed at Eurasian arrays agree with the predictions for the effects of known variations in crustal thickness and basin thickness. For shallow sources, scattering by heterogeneity close to the source and receiver ... |
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| Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. Volume 36 |
JAN 1998 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (CE) Aquatic Plant Control Research Program (APCRP) is the Nation's only federally authorized research program directed to develop technology for the management of non-indigenous aquatic plant species. The APCRP is designed to provide effective, economical, and environmentally compatible methods for assessing and managing problem aquatic plants that interfere with the valued uses of the waterways of the United ... |
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| Identification Performance of the IMS in the Middle East and North Africa |
JAN 1998 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Terrance G. Barker; G. E. Baker; Keith L. McLaughlin; MAXWELL TECHNOLOGIES INC SAN DIEGO CA FEDERAL DIV
|
| We have simulated the detection and identification performance of the proposed seismic network of the International Monitoring System (IMS) in the Middle East/North Africa. Figure 1 shows a map of Africa and western Eurasia with the proposed IMS alpha stations and the area for which the simulations were done. The identification performance of a network is strongly dependent upon regional source and propagation variability. However, knowledge of ... |
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| Transnational Crime and the U.S. Military |
13 JUN 97 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
David A. Hartmann; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
| The collapse of the former Soviet Union and other communist regimes in Eurasia contributed significantly to a dramatic increase in the national security threat, especially to European states, from transnational crime. The worldwide underlying trends supporting the growth in late 20th century transnational crime have been exacerbated in the European context, by the numbers and quality of new post-Soviet criminal recruits. Motivated, intelligent, equipped, possessing national level security and intelligence ... |
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| Elastic and Anelastic Structure Beneath Eurasia |
18 FEB 97 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Goran Ekstrom; Adam Dziewonski; Gideon Smith; Wei-Jia Su; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA
|
| The primary objective of this work has been to map the variations of elastic mantle properties beneath Eurasia over horizontal length scales of approximately 1000-1500 kilometers and vertial length scales of 50-100 kilometers in the upper mantle. Large and diverse datasets of seismic waveforms, absolute and relative body wave travel times, and surface wave phase velocity and amplitudes have been collected and have been analyzed. Several tens of thousands of ... |
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| Uppermost Mantle Structure in Southern Eurasia from PN Tomography and Sn Attenuation |
JUN 96 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas M. Hearn; James F. Ni; NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV LAS CRUCES DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| This project has investigated the seismic characteristics of southern Eurasia through Pn travel time tomography and the regional mapping of attenuation for high frequency Sn and Lg waves. Pn tomography results indicate that much of the uppermost mantle beneath southern Eurasia has low P-wave velocity and a small amount of melt. Mapping of Sn propagation efficiency confirms that regions with low Pn velocity generally do not propagate Sn waves efficiently. ... |
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| Lg Excitation, Attenuation and Source Spectral Scaling In Central Asia and China |
05 JAN 96 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
J. Xie; L. Cong; B. J. Mitchell; SAINT LOUIS UNIV MO DEPT OF EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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| The nonlinear inverse method of Xie (1993) is applied to analyze Lg spectra from 21 underground nuclear explosions and 52 shallow (5-33 km) earthquakes in central Eurasia where, for numerous paths, Lg Q and Lg coda Q at 1 Hz are found to be very similar. The logarithm of Lg seismic moment (Mo) values correlate linearly with body wave magnitude (Mb), with slopes of slightly greater than 1.0. For the ... |
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EURASIA
