| Effects of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Levels on Auditory Sensitivity and Frequency Tuning as Measured by the Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emission Test |
14-Sep-2009 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Linda M Hughes; Keith S Wolgemuth; David Lapsley Fothergill; Judi A Miller; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
 | Exposure to hazardous noise results in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity within the cochlea that causes damage to the outer hair cells, the result is noise-induced, sensorineural hearing loss. Evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs) are an electrophysiological measure of inner ear activity that reflects cochlear outer hair cell functioning during the processing of auditory stimuli. Stimulus frequency OAE (SFOAE) have the potential to assess both the sensitivity and the tuning ... |
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| Postdoctoral Fellowship for Dr. Lindholm, Underwater Physiology and Medicine |
MAY 2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Claes E. Lundgren; David R. Pendergast; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO CENTER FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN SPECIAL ENVIRONMENTS
|
| The objective of this Postdoctoral fellowship was to provide education to extend their training to embarking on an independent research. Two Postdoctoral Fellows were trained. Important safety issues of breath-holding and limitations to diver performance were studied. Two studies showed the potential for increased risk of loss of consciousness (LOC) during breath-holing when carbohydrate stores were reduced by either dietary restriction or exercise without proper replenishment of glucose and glycogen. ... |
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| Determining the Appropriate Font Size, and Use of Colour and Contrast for Underwater Displays |
01-Apr-2008 |
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| Authors:
J B Morrison; J K Zander; SHEARWATER HUMAN ENGINEERING NORTH VANCOUVER (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
|
 | Canadian mine countermeasures (MCM) divers currently use a combination of different displays to provide them with information about their safety, equipment, and status. MCM divers require a single, integrated display to simplify information gathering, and to provide information from the dive supervisor. Ergonomic design guidelines were reviewed and modified for information display in the underwater environment. A two-phase experiment was conducted to determine the optimal font size and the optimal ... |
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| Diel Variation in Beaked Whale Diving Behavior |
01 JAN 2008 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Robin Baird; Daniel L. Webster; Gregory S. Schorr; Daniel J. McSweeney; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Diel variation in beaked whale diving behavior is investigated using data from time-depth recorders deployed on six Blainville's (Mesoplodon densirostris) and two Cuvier's (Ziphius cavirostris) beaked whales. Deep foraging dives (>800 m) occurred at similar rates during the day and night for Blainville's beaked whales (daymean=0.38 h-1; nightmean=0.46 h-1), and there were no significant diel differences in depths, durations, ascent or descent rates for deep dives. Dives to mid-water depths ... |
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| The Influence of Thermal Exposure on Diver Susceptibility to Decompression Sickness |
NOV 2007 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne A. Gerth; Victor L. Ruterbusch; Edwin T. Long; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The incidences of decompression sickness (DCS) were compared in divers who completed air decompression dives while fully immersed in water at temperature controlled independently [either warm (36.1 C, 97 OF) or cold (26.7 C, 80 OF)] during bottom time (BT) and decompression phases. Divers wore only loosely fitting swim trunks, t-shirts, and neoprene boots and dive gloves, performed cycle ergometer exercise while at bottom, rested during decompression, and remained under ... |
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| Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity with Exercise: Single MK 25 Rebreather Dives or Split 6-Hour Exposures |
OCT 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Pulmonary effects of the MK 25 rebreather underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) were compared to those of the MK 20 open circuit UBA in single dives performed by 23 U.S. Navy divers. The apparatus was then used for split six-hour exercise dives on each of two days (three-hour dive, four-hour surface interval, three-hour dive, 16 hours overnight, repeat the dive sequence). Physical performance was measured in conjunction with the dives. Two ... |
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| Comprehensive Performance Limits for Divers' Underwater Breathing Gear: Consequences of Adopting Diver-Focused Limits |
JAN 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
D. E. Warkander; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| An underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) imposes loads on the diver: anything from the UBA's weight to those imposed on the respiratory muscles, some of the weakest muscles in the body. The types of respiratory loads imposed by a UBA are breathing resistance, elastic loads, hydrostatic imbalance (static lung load), inertial loads and CO2. Historically, the limits on resistive efforts have been based on the performance on the best commercially available ... |
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| Four-Hour Dives with Exercise While Breathing Oxygen Partial Pressure of 1.3 ATM |
SEP 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The U.S. Navy Diving Manual authorizes divers to breathe oxygen for up to 240 minutes per day at depths of 20 feet of seawater (fs1w) or less but does not address the possible accumulation of effects over multiple days. We have conducted experimental four-hour dives with oxygen partial pressure (Po2) of approximately 1.4 atmospheres (atm)2,3 and have concluded that the limit of 240 minutes in 24 hours appears to be ... |
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| Potential Benefits of Navy Dive Computer Use in Ships Husbandry Diving: Analysis of Dives Conducted on the USS RONALD REAGAN (CVN-76) |
MAR 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Keith A. Gault; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Navy dive computers were used to record 23 of 25 air dives performed for ships husbandry on the aircraft carrier USS RONALD REAGAN (CVN-76) during summer 2004. For each of the 23 dives, decompression status was assessed from the maximum recorded depth and bottom time according to the U.S. Navy (USN) Standard Air Tables and from the recorded dive profile according to the Navy Dive Computer VVAL-18 Thalmann Algorithm (NDC/VVAL-18). ... |
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| Two Consecutive Five-Day Weeks of Daily Four-Hour Dives with Oxygen Partial Pressure 1.4 ATM |
NOV 2005 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Sixteen U.S. Navy divers began a series of 4-hour dives at a Po2 of 1.4 atm daily for two consecutive five-day weeks. Nine divers were able to finish; all withdrawals were for nonpulmonary reasons. Divers rested on the bottom of a 15-foot fresh water pool and breathed humidified 100% oxygen open circuit from MK 20 full face masks. Flow-volume curves and diffusing capacity were measured at baseline, daily during diving, ... |
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| Repeated Six-Hour Dives 1.35 ATM Oxygen Partial Pressure |
OCT 2005 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The U.S. Navy Diving Manual currently limits the use of oxygen in diving to a maximum of four hours in a 24-hour period. Technical limitations no longer restrict dive lengths to four hours, and for some operations, longer dives may be useful. This report details some effects of multiple six-hour underwater exposures to oxygen partial pressure (Po2) of 1.35 atmospheres (atm), as specified in the task Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity after ... |
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| Stress Biomarkers in a Rat Model of Decompression Sickness |
13 JUN 2005 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
James A. Caviness; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Immune, stress, and inflammatory reactions may contribute to decompression sickness (DCS). Using ELISA and PCR, this research determines whether levels of genomic/proteomic responses in 7 stress sensitive markers are associated with DCS. |
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| Baroclinicity, Forcing Mechanism and Prediction of Chemical Propagation of San Diego Bay and Their Effects on Naval Applications |
JUN 2005 |
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| Authors:
Kleanthis Kyriakidis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Both instantaneous current and chemical propagation predictions are of utmost importance for all littoral naval operations, including diving, amphibious and mine warfare ones. Undoubtedly, the operating limits and environmental thresholds are crucial and highly reliant on the accuracy and precision of the predictions. San Diego Bay is important because it hosts a large part of the U.S. fleet and has special ecological significance. A hydrodynamic model, "Water Quality Management and ... |
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| Development of a Procedure for the Selection of Candidate Vessels of Opportunity in Support of the Submarine Rescue Diving and Recompression System |
JUN 2005 |
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| Authors:
Robert A. Gold; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF OCEAN ENGINEERING
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| The U.S. Navy's new system for rescuing stranded submariners, the Submarine Rescue Diving and Recompression System (SRDRS), utilizes a tethered, remotely operated Pressurized Rescue Module (PRM) deployed and controlled from a Vessel of Opportunity (VOO). The PRM is capable of docking with the disabled submarine at pressure and rescuing up to 16 personnel per sortie. The PRM is launched and recovered using a deck mounted A-frame crane called the Launch ... |
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| An Investigation of the Nontechnical Skills Required to Maximize the Safety and Productivity of U.S. Navy Divers |
APR 2005 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. O'Connor; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Although U.S. Navy diving is remarkably safe, because of the high-risk environment in which the divers work, accidents and mishaps do occur. The U.S. Navy diving community is adept at identifying and mitigating technical problems. However, it is not as adept with the nontechnical or human factors that cause accidents. Safety research has shown that human performance problems most heavily shape risks in hazardous industries: the greatest cause of approximately ... |
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| Desmopression Prevents Immersion Diuresis and Improves Physical Performance After Long Duration Dives |
MAR 2005 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
P. A. Nyquist; J. Schrot; J. R. Thomas; D. Hyde; W. R. Taylor; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Water immersion causes dehydration affecting blood flow to muscle, skin and reduces blood volume. Desmopressin inhibits urine production preventing immersion-induced blood volume loss. This study had two goats 1) examine the effect of Desmopressin on immersion diuresis and 2) any subsequent effects on physical and cognitive performance. Twenty U.S. Navy divers participated in a pool study (72 deg F) and field study (80-82 deg F) for 3.5 hat 10-15 feet ... |
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| Graphical Analysis: Decompression Tables and Dive-Outcome Data |
DEC 2004 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
H. D. Van Liew; E. T. Flynn; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| We use a graphical approach to compare prescriptions for ascent given by various air decompression tables with outcomes of experimental dives compiled in the U.S. Navy' Decompression Database. For a given dive depth, we plot times at decompression stops plus time to travel from depth to the surface (TDT) on the Y-axis end bottom time on the X-axis. The analysis dramatizes the large differences among alternative decompression instructions: tables from ... |
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| Guidance on Risk Analysis and Safety Implications of a Large Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spill Over Water |
DEC 2004 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
Mike Hightower; Louis Gritzo; Anay Luketa-Hanlin; John Covan; Sheldon Tieszen; Gerry Wellman; Mike Irwin; Mike Kaneshige; Brian Melof; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| While recognized standards exist for the systematic safety analysis of potential spills or releases from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage terminals and facilities on land, no equivalent set of standards or guidance exists for the evaluation of the safety or consequences from LNG spills over water. Heightened security awareness and energy surety issues have increased industry's and the public's attention to these activities. The report reviews several existing studies of ... |
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| A Simple Probabilistic Model for Estimating the Risk of Standard Air Dives |
DEC 2004 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
H. D. Van Liew; E. T. Flynn; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Statistical fitting of an algorithm to "calibration data" gives parameter values for a "probabilistic decompression model." Some previous probabilistic models prescribe long times at decompression stops for standard air dives. Here we present a simple model, based on premises different from those used previously, to test whether long decompression times are necessary and to enable risk of decompression sickness (UCS) to be estimated in air dives. Using logistic regression, we ... |
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| Mean Arterial Pressure and Cerebral Blood Flow Regression for Prediction of Central Nervous System Oxygen Toxicity |
SEP 2004 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Sheri B. Parker; Andreas Fahlman; John Braisted; C. D. Forcino; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| One toxic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure is tonic-clonic seizures. To assess the association between seizure onset, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), male Yorkshire swine were chronically instrumented to measure those parameters during exposure to 3, 4, 5 or 6 atmosphere absolute (ATA) on 100% oxygen. Seizure latency differed significantly as a function of pressure (P |
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| Melatonin Does Not Provide Protection Against Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) Induced Seizures |
SEP 2004 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew J. Swiergosz; David O. Keyser; Wayne A. Koller; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Acute exposure to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) can result in toxicity to the central nervous system (CNS). The most onerous manifestation of CNS oxygen toxicity is the onset of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. HBO-induced convulsions are of particular importance to the Navy, as it is a limiting factor in the duration of diving missions involving surface supplied oxygen and use of the LAR V and MK-15/16 closed-circuit SCUBA apparatus, and the application ... |
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| The Effect of Temperature on Decompression and Decompression Sickness Risk: A Critical Review |
SEP 2004 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Charles B. Toner; Robert Ball; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| There are long-held beliefs regarding temperature effects on dive outcome. One accepted tenet is that decompression sickness (DCS) risk increases during exposures to cold water. It is also commonly held that post-dive hot water showers encourage the onset of DCS. The question of thermal effects on DCS was raised most recently in response to observations of DCS cases after the introduction of hot water suits during the salvage effort for ... |
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| Assessment of Mechanical Damage to Odontocete Respiratory Tract Tissues After Controlled Exposure to Blasting |
15 JUL 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Joy S. Reidenberg; Jeffrey T. Laitman; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| The odontocete respiratory tract is adapted to withstand the gradual pressure changes associated with diving, yet nothing is known about how it responds to the sudden pressure changes of a blast exposure. Our goal is to characterize respiratory injuries resulting from postmortem blast pressure exposures. Tissues were harvested from 17 freshly dead odontocetes exposed to blast pressures post mortem (supplied by D. Ketten). Blast pressure exposure levels were not revealed ... |
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| Repeated Four-Hour Dives With PO2 = 1.35 ATM |
JUL 2004 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| U.S. Navy divers performed multiple experimental four-hour resting dives while breathing 100% O2 underwater at a partial pressure of 1.35 atm. Eighteen divers completed two dives with a surface interval of 44 hours. 17 completed two dives with a surface interval of 20 hours. and 16 completed five dives with surface intervals of 20 hours. Pulmonary function and symptoms were monitored before. between. and after the dives. and visual acuity ... |
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| Manned Testing of Standard MK 25 MOD 2 Purge Procedures With KMS 48 Full Face Mask |
JUL 2004 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
N. A. Carlson; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The volume of oxygen used and resulting oxygen partial pressure (P202) were determined when Current predive/surface and underwater purge procedures for the U.S. Navy MK 25 MOD 2 underwater breathing apparatus were performed with the KMS 48 face mask (Kirby Morgan Dive Systems; Santa Barbara, CA). A secondary purpose was to determine maximum pulmonary pressure (max Pmask) during ascent. Regardless of mouthpiece (T-bit or oral cup) used, purges performed at ... |
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| Analysis of Acoustic Data Under Response of Sperm Whales to Air Gun Sounds in the Gulf of Mexico |
21 MAY 2004 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron M. Thode; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| To field-test an automated procedure for passively tracking sperm whales in three-dimensions, using natural vocalizations recorded on two towed arrays, deployed either alone or in conjunction with dive tags. The algorithms would permit automated tracking of multiple animals over complete dive cycles, producing statistically significant sample sizes for evaluation of controlled- exposure studies. When used in conjunction with a dive tag, the algorithm would permit better resolution tracking of animals ... |
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| Coping With Repeated Ischemia and Reperfusion: Physiology of Free Radicals in Diving Birds and Mammals |
20 MAY 2004 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Tania Zenteno-Savin; CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIONES BIOLOGICAS DEL NOROESTE (MEXICO)
|
| The specific mechanisms involved in protecting marine bird and mammal tissues from generation of free radicals and their deleterious effects are not known and are the subject of this research. The short-term objectives of this study are to analyze the rate of production of superoxide radical as an index of synthesis of free radicals, in tissues from marine birds and mammals; to examine the degree of lipid peroxidation as an ... |
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| Analysis of Sperm Whale Acoustic Signals in the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean |
20 MAY 2004 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron M. Thode; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| To design, develop, and simulate an automated procedure for passively tracking sperm whales in three- dimensions, using natural vocalizations recorded on two towed arrays, deployed either alone or in conjunction with dive tags. The algorithms would permit automated tracking of multiple animals over complete dive cycles, producing statistically significant sample sizes for evaluation of controlled-exposure studies. When used in conjunction with a dive tag, the algorithm would permit better resolution ... |
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| Marine Mammals as Models for Cost Efficient AUVs: Specifications of Oscillating Hydrofoils |
05 APR 2004 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
Terrie M. Williams; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA CRUZ LONG MARINELAB
|
| This study determined the efficiency and performance limitations of oscillating hydrofoils used in nature. Specific studies compared the kinematics and energetics associated with the transition from terrestrial to aquatic performance by semi-aquatic mammals, and evaluated cost-saving strategies of obligate marine mammals using dorso-ventral or lateral undulatory propulsion. A laboratory component was conducted with bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) , California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), river otters (Lontra canadensis), and sea otters ... |
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| On-Site Evaluation of Field-Based Procedures for Screening Diver's Air |
APR 2004 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
R. S. Lillo; J. M. Caldwell; W. R. Porter; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| We previously developed a set of procedures using three portable analyzers for screening diver's air on-site according to current specifications in the U.S. Navy Diving Manual. This report evaluates these procedures under actual sampling conditions in the field to allow a decision about possible transition to the Fleet. This field test consisted of using the NEDU procedures to screen the output air from two compressors at each of two on-shore ... |
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| Effects of Delays at Depth on Diver Inspired Oxygen Partial Pressures in Simulated Lockouts Using the MK 25 MOD 2 UBA |
APR 2004 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
V. L. Ruterbusch; M. J. Swiergosz; W. A. Gerth; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Divers using the MK25 provided data on partial pressures of oxygen (PO2) during deep lockout simulations at 60 feet of seawater (fsw), simulations in which delays of 1, 10, and 30 min at depth were manipulated before ascent to 15 fsw. Divers assumed a vertical orientation and maintained a restful state in euthermic water conditions throughout the procedure. Eighty-one of 88 dives were completed without violating PO2 safety criteria. Two ... |
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| Natural CO2 Flow from the Loihi Vent: Impact on Microbial Production and Fate of the CO2 |
31 MAR 2004 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Richard B. Coffin; Thomas J. Boyd; David L. Knies; Kenneth S. Grabowski; John W. Pohlman; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| The program for International Collaboration on CO2 Ocean Sequestration was initiated December 1997. Preliminary steps involved surveying a suite of biogeochemical parameters off the coast of Kona on the Big Island of Hawaii. The preliminary survey was conducted twice, in 1999 and 2000, to obtain a thorough data set including measurements of pH, current profiles, CO2 concentrations, microbial activities, and water and sediment chemistries. These data were collected in order ... |
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| Evaluation of a Diver Cooling System for Use With Personal Protective Equipment in Contaminated Water Diving |
JAN 2004 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Fernando F. Leyva; George S. Goehring; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Current Navy recommendations for diving in contaminated water include wearing a vulcanized rubber dry suit mated to a MK 21 diving helmet to isolate the diver from the contaminated environment. However, even in situations (e.g., visible oil spills, noxious fumes, and sewer outflows) where the need for protective gear is uneguivocal, thermal stress from working in a warm environment often precludes the use of such gear. The purpose of this ... |
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| Dietary Supplements and Military Divers: A Synopsis for Undersea Medical Officers |
Jan-2004 |
118 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia Deuster; Steven Maier; Vincent Moore; Jamie Paton; Rita Simmons; Kenneth Vawter; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF MILITARY AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
|
| The variety, availability, sales and use of dietary supplements (DS) remain poorly understood by the mainstream medical community, but the potential for use and abuse of DS cannot be taken lightly by undersea medical officers (UMO). Despite the indisputable pharmacologic effects many of these over-the-counter (OTC) products exert, the use of DS is generally overlooked by clinicians. DS information is not covered in much depth, if at all, in medical ... |
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| Detection of Leukocyte Activation in Pigs With Neurologic Decompression Sickness |
2004 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Paul A. Nyquist; Jr Dick Edward J.; Thomas B. Buttolph; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In a porcine model of neurological decompression sickness (DCS), perivascular leukocyte activation was a consistent finding in biopsies of associated cutaneous DCS. This prompted examination of other organs for similar changes; multifocal leukocyte activation was found in the lungs (pneumonitis) and liver (hepatitis). Hypothesis: DCS in pigs induces leukocyte aggregation and activation in the liver and lungs. Methods: Male Yorkshire swine, trained to run on a modified treadmill, were compressed ... |
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| Development of Exposure Guidance for Warm Water Diving. Volume 2. System for Investigation of Divers' Behavior at Depth (SINDBAD) and Special Operations Forces (SOF) Mission-Related Performance Measures (MRPM) |
DEC 2003 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Edwin T. Long; Paul O'Connor; Timothy C. Liberatore; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| This report, Volume 2 of two, investigetes the effects of warm water diving on physical and cognitive performance. Method: This study was conducted in three phases. In Phase 1, 16 divers conducted 459 dives t from 94 to 101.5 F (34.4 to 38.6 C). In Phase 2, 21 divers in either dry suits or dive skins, conducted 522 dives in T of 96.5 F (35.9 C) and 99 F (37.2 ... |
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| Evaluation of Sensus Data Logger for Use in Operational Dive Data Collection |
NOV 2003 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
David G. Sotherland; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) tasked the Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) to identify and evaluate candidate devices that divers can carry to electronically record their depth!time profiles and that can be suitable for collecting operational dive data. One such candidate device, called a data logger (DL) to signify its purpose in logging dive data, is the Sensus (ReefNet Inc.; Mississauga, Ontario). With emphasis on its depth accuracy, NEDU tested ... |
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| Suitability of the USN MK 15 (VVAL 18) Decompression Algorithm for Air Diving |
05 AUG 2003 |
185 pages |
| Authors:
Edward D. Thalmann; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| A computer algorithm was developed and approved for use breathing a fixed 0.7 ata partial pressure of oxygen in nitrogen gas in 1980 (The MK15 (VVAL18) RTA). The intent was to incorporate this algorithm into a diver carried underwater decompression computer (UDO). This same algorithm was also tested breathing air but approval for Fleet us on air was never sought because at the time b there was no decompression computer ... |
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| Analysis of Gases Produced by Three Underwater Cutting Devices |
JUL 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
R. S. Lillo; J. M. Caldwell; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The gas produced during underwater testing of 3 cutting systems was collected and analyzed to assess the explosion hazard related to the 3 processes. The underwater plasma cutting system produced up to 6% H2, while the UK cutting rod produced up to 95% H2. As the lower flammable/explosive limits of H2 in air are 4%, H2 safety issues are potentially related to using both these cutting processes. However, the explosive ... |
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| Empirical Evaluation of the MK 16 MOD 1 UBA Breathe-Down Procedure |
JUN 2003 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne A. Gerth; Keith A. Gault; Stephen J. Stanek; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Guidance for using new helium-oxygen (Me-C2) decompression tables for the MK 16 MOD 1 underwater breathing apparatuS (UBA) includes recommended performance of a predescent breathe-down procedure (SOP) to reduce descent-induced overshoot of diver-inspired oxygen partial pressure (002). This report describes work completed at NEDU to test the efficacy of this procedure. Thirty-two MK 16 MOD 1 Me-C2 man-dives to 300 feet of seawater (fsw) were completed in the NEDU Ocean ... |
|
| Analysis of Sperm Whale Acoustic Signals in the Gulf of Mexico and the Mediterranean |
JUN 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron M. Thode; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA MARINE PHYSICAL LAB
|
| The objectives of the program was to develop and demonstrate an automated procedure for passively tracking sperm whales in three-dimensions, using natural vocalizations recorded on two towed arrays, deployed either alone or in conjunction with dive tags. |
|
| Diver Charting and Graphical Display |
05 MAY 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth L. Krueger; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN APPLIED RESEARCH LABS
|
| The Diver Charting and Graphical Display (DCGD) software application was developed as a mission planning and data analysis tool for divers using an Integrated Navigation Sonar Sensor (INSS). It is a Microsoft Windows based graphical user interface application that can be installed and executed on computers using a Microsoft Windows based operating systems. The need and usefulness of this tool becomes apparent when one understands what is required to plan, ... |
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| Evaluation of the KMS 48 Replacement Full Face Mask with the Emergency Breathing System for Use with MK 16 MOD 1 Underwater Breathing Apparatus |
DEC 2002 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
C. S. Hedricks; S. J. Stanek; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) was tasked by references (1) and (2) to test and evaluate the MK 16 MOD 1 underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) for use as an emergency breathing system (EBS) in conjunction with the KMS 48 full face mask (FFM). Testing was designed to assess the abilities of the KMS 48 FFM and the MK 16 MOD 1 to perform as an EBS during unmanned and manned ... |
|
| The Effects of Warm Water Diving on Performance: Neuropsychological Findings Using the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics |
04 SEP 2002 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Lowe; Dennis Reeves; Edwin T. Long; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| This technical report partially addresses issues associated with Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) Task 99-005c and Annex A of Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) Test Protocol 99-22 (TP99-22). Operational performance and safety are important in any challenging environment. Work in extremely warm water is an unexplored subject that this study addresses. The data gathered during this series of dives provide guidelines for early identification of potential changes in diver health ... |
|
| Development and Validation of 1.3 ATA PO2-in-He Decompression Tables for the MK 16 MOD 1 UBA |
30 AUG 2002 |
419 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne A. Gerth; Thomas M. Johnson; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) was tasked by PMS-EOD to develop and validate repetitive helium-oxygen (He-O2) decompression tables for use with the MK 16 MOD 1 Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA). The present report provides details of the work that was completed to meet this tasking and produce the tables published in NEDU Technical Report 14-01. The report includes a description of the probabilistic model used as the basis for ... |
|
| The Analysis of Sodalime Granule Size Distributions |
AUG 2002 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
J. R. Clarke; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| NEDU has developed a procedure for translating mesh sizes given in sodalime specifications to those sieve sizes used in testing laboratories. This procedure is used to establish model Gaussian and log-normal distributions that are capable of meeting the specifications. The mesh size distribution measured by sieving a sodalime sample is then compared to the best model. A chi-square goodness of fit test is used to determine whether or not the ... |
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| Journal of Special Operations Medicine, Volume 2, Edition 2 |
Jan-2002 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT SPECIAL OPERATIONS UNIV HURLBURT FIELD FL
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| The Journal of Special Operations Medicine is an authorized official quarterly publication of the United States Special Operations Command, MacDill Air Force Base, Florida. It is in no way associated with the civilian Special Operations Medical Association (SOMA). Our mission is to promote the professional development of Special Operations medical personnel by providing a forum for the examination of the latest advancements in medicine. Articles in this issue concern the ... |
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| Medical Aspects of Harsh Environments. Volume 2 |
2002 |
609 pages |
| Authors:
Kent B. Pandolf; Robert E. Burr; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
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| Over the centuries, battles have often been won by innovation: cavalry prevailed over infantry, elephants frightened horses, and mechanized vehicles dispersed chariots. Today, aircraft and rockets seem to make victory possible from a safer distance, but we are learning that even overwhelming airpower is not enough. Sooner or later, a war must be fought on the ground. Ground forces often face harsh environmental conditions hot or cold, wet or dry ... |
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| ONR Share of DSV Avin Major Overhaul - 2001 |
31 DEC 2001 |
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| Authors:
Larry D. Flick; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
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| This proposal provided funds for the major Deep Submergence Group to support the DSV Alvtn overhaul This was a 5-month major overhaul and was completed by June 2001 as originally scheduled. We then began the Alvin certification and engineering dives operating out of St. Georges, Bermuda. The Office of Naval Research share was twenty percent (20%) of the total overhaul expense plus approximately the same percentage of the Engineering and ... |
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| Evaluation of Zeagle "MK 16 BCD Assembly" Buoyancy Compensator With MK 1 Dry Suite Bottle |
JUL 2001 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
R. L. Russell; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| NEDU was tasked to conduct a survey of commercially available buoyancy compensators (BCs) and perform testing to determine whether the BCs perform satisfactorily. Buoyancy compensator evaluation was conducted in four phases. Phase I included receipt inspection of the buoyancy compensator and technical review of the manufacturer-supplied documentation (instructions/repair manuals) Phase II was Test Pool Evaluation (surface floating attitudes if the BCs were used as life jackets). No failure-mode analysis was ... |
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