| Summary of the Maritime Force Protection Technology Demonstration Project Underwater Threats Component Build 1 Trial |
Jun-2009 |
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| Authors:
Anna Crawford; David Hopkin; D V Crowe; Dana Maxwell; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ATLANTIC DARTMOUTH (CANADA)
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 | The Maritime Force Protection Technology Demonstration Project (MFP TDP) is on-going at DRDC Atlantic with the objective of providing advice to the CF on force protection issues by examining requirements, state-of-the-art solutions and capability gaps, while conducting a series of tests and evaluations on developmental and COTS equipment. The Underwater Threats (UW) Component focuses on addressing deficiencies in current CF capabilities for countering underwater threats to Canadian ships in harbours ... |
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| Development of a Semi-Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for Intervention Missions (SAUVIM Phase III-B) |
20-Mar-2009 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Son-Cheol Yu; Patrick Simmons; Edgar Gongora; Christopher McLeod; Aaron Hanai; Kaikala Rosa; Allison Lyon; Tae W Kim; Luca Gambella; Song K Choi; Giacomo Marani; Junku Yuh; Scott Weatherwax; Greg Tamasahi; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
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 | SAUVIM (Semi Autonomous Underwater Vehicle for Intervention Missions) involves the design and fabrication of an underwater vehicle that it is capable of autonomous interventions on the subsea installations, a task usually carried out by ROVs or human divers. |
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| Human Bioresponse to Low-Frequency Underwater Sound |
02-Feb-2009 |
240 pages |
| Authors:
Mark F Hamilton; Sarah L Gourlie; Paul A Waters; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN APPLIED RESEARCH LABS
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| A technical summary of work completed under contract N00014-06-1-0299, entitled Human Bioresponse to Low-Frequency Underwater Sound, is given. Preliminary research such as the development of two micromechanical models of lung tissue and the calculation of elastic constants based upon such models is described. Progress made in the development of a lumped-element model of the human body and its internal organs is discussed. Master's theses completed under this contract are attached. ... |
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| Diver Visibility: Why One Can Not See as Far? |
Jan-2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Weilin Hou; Alan D Weidemann; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| Diver visibility has been one of the key research areas in underwater vision and imaging studies. Its applications also extend into imaging system performance evaluation and prediction, which is important in MIW and ASW operations. These applications are often associated with coastal ocean waters, and this is generally translated directly into turbidity of the water column. While mostly this is the case, exceptions can lead to erroneous predictions and potentially ... |
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| Design and Analysis of Low Frequency Communication System in Persian Gulf |
Sep-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
H Shahbazi; A Karimifard; TEHRAN UNIV (IRAN)
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| One of the important applications of underwater communication is speech transmission between two divers or between divers and ship or submarine. This paper describes a project designed to investigate and demonstrate underwater communication system in Persian Gulf for speech transmission in a real channel. At first, transmitter is designed, then channel with real data is simulated by neural network and at last receiver is designed. Transmitted data is speech signal ... |
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| Comparison and Validation of Point Spread Models for Imaging in Natural Waters |
20-Jun-2008 |
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| Authors:
Alan Weidemann; Robert Arnone; Weilin Hou; Deric Gray; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| It is known that scattering by particulates within natural waters is the main cause of the blur in underwater images. Underwater images can be better restored or enhanced with knowledge of the point spread function (PSF) of the water. This will extend the performance range as well as the information retrieval from underwater electro-optical systems, which is critical in many civilian and military applications, including target and especially mine detection, ... |
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| Factors Influencing Manual Performance in Cold Water Diving |
01-Apr-2008 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
J B Morrison; J K Zander; SHEARWATER HUMAN ENGINEERING NORTH VANCOUVER (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
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| With the introduction of new communications and display technologies, the ability of divers to operate complex controls becomes an important factor in systems design. This study evaluates the effects of pressure, gloves, and cold on three components of manual performance: grip strength, tactile sensitivity and manual dexterity. Performance was evaluated at 0.4 and 40 msw: with and without gloves in 25 deg C water, and with gloves in 4 deg ... |
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| Underwater and Dive Station Work-Site Noise Surveys |
14 MAR 2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Keith S. Wolgemuth; Edward A. Cudahy; Derek W. Schwaller; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
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| Previous work performed by the Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) had developed in-water permissible continuous noise exposure guidance Work performed by the Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) measuring in-water noise levels produced by in-water tools to develop permissible exposure levels based upon applying in- air guidance and temporary threshold shift (TTS) data This study extends this previous work by obtaining in-water and in-air noise measurements and a total noise ... |
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| Restoring Eelgrass (Zostera marina) from Seed: A Comparison of Planting Methods for Large-Scale Projects |
01-Mar-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Orth; Scott Marion; Steven Granger; Michael Traber; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| Eelgrass (Zostera marina) seeds are being used in a variety of both small- and large-scale restoration activities and have been successfully used to initiate recovery of eelgrass in the Virginia seaside coastal lagoons, which lost eelgrass in the 1930s wasting disease pandemic (Orth et al. 2006a). However, a major bottleneck with the use of seeds has been the relatively low rate of seedling establishment, generally 10 percent or less of ... |
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| Prey Fields and Habitat of Deep Divers: 3D Characterization and Modeling of Beaked and Sperm Whale Foraging Areas |
Jan-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas P St Nowacek; Louis Laurent; David J Moretti; Patrick N Halpin; DUKE UNIV BEAUFORT NC MARINE LAB
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| The physical and biological characteristics of the areas inhabited by deep diving odontocetes are poorly understood. Our long term goals are: i) to measure and characterize the biomass in areas and at depths inhabited by beaked and sperm whales; ii) to measure and characterize the physics of these environments; iii) to assemble the characteristics measured (i) and (ii) into a depth integrated, 3- dimensional habitat model; the model will include ... |
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| Benefits of Using Remotely Operated Vehicles to Inspect USACE Navigation Structures |
MAR 2007 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
James H. Lever; Gary E. Phetteplace; Jason C. Weale; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers operates numerous navigation locks and dams across the country. Age and lack of funds to maintain these structures has led to significant increases in unscheduled outages. Dewatering provides the best inspection opportunity but is costly and halts navigation traffic. Diver inspections are costly, and safety is an issue. Frequent underwater inspections using remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) would help reduce the number and severity of ... |
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| Journal of Special Operations Medicine. Volume 7, Edition 4, Fall 2007 |
Jan-2007 |
137 pages |
| Authors:
UNITED STATES SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND MACDILL AFB FL
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| FEATURE ARTICLES: An Unconscious Diver With Pulmonary Abnormalities: Problems Associated With Closed Circuit Underwater Breathing Apparatus by Dana E. Adkins, MD; Richard T. Mahon, MD; Steven Bennett, MD. What Every SOF Medic Should Know about Agroterrorism by Kathleen Dunn Farr, MD. A Novel Application of Hydrogel to Improve the Asherman Chest Seal(registered trademark) in a Deployed Environment by Farzad Nowrouzzadeh, MD. Joint Special Operations Task Force - Philipines (JSOTF-P) Joint ... |
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| Comprehensive Performance Limits for Divers' Underwater Breathing Gear: Consequences of Adopting Diver-Focused Limits |
JAN 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
D. E. Warkander; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| An underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) imposes loads on the diver: anything from the UBA's weight to those imposed on the respiratory muscles, some of the weakest muscles in the body. The types of respiratory loads imposed by a UBA are breathing resistance, elastic loads, hydrostatic imbalance (static lung load), inertial loads and CO2. Historically, the limits on resistive efforts have been based on the performance on the best commercially available ... |
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| Diving in Contaminated Water: Health Risk Matrix |
OCT 2006 |
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| Authors:
Bernadette Quemerais; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
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| Water contamination can pose a serious health risk to divers of the Canadian Forces (CF) required to dive in many different environments. D Dive S tasked DRDC to develop a health risk matrix in order to help the decision makers to evaluate the risks associated with water contamination in a particular area. This report contains information about water contamination and recommendations on contamination assessment. A matrix was developed using Canadian ... |
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| Four-Hour Dives with Exercise While Breathing Oxygen Partial Pressure of 1.3 ATM |
SEP 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| The U.S. Navy Diving Manual authorizes divers to breathe oxygen for up to 240 minutes per day at depths of 20 feet of seawater (fs1w) or less but does not address the possible accumulation of effects over multiple days. We have conducted experimental four-hour dives with oxygen partial pressure (Po2) of approximately 1.4 atmospheres (atm)2,3 and have concluded that the limit of 240 minutes in 24 hours appears to be ... |
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| Demonstration of the Real-Time Tracking Gradiometer for Buried Mine Hunting While Operating From a Small Unmanned Underwater Vehicle |
Sep-2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
G Sulzberger; J Bono; G I Allen; T Clem; S Kumar; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER PANAMA CITY FL
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| In many undersea conditions, optical sensors and sonar can be used to discriminate against sea mines. However, there are many conditions where these sensors are insufficient. For example, when a mine is fully buried these sensors are of little help. Under these conditions, additional sensor technologies are required. Since it is not affected by the medium, a technology of choice is magnetics. In the late 1990's a T-shaped gradiometer with ... |
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| Submerged Manned Testing of the Prototype Hydrotech Aqua Heat System |
AUG 2006 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. O'Connor; Dale Hyde; Demetri Economos; Rene Beck; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Eight U.S. Navy divers were submerged in 7.2 C (45 degrees F) water for a maximum of two hours in three different conditions: no heating while wearing a semidry suit, heated in a semidry suit, and heated in a 7mm wet suit. A total of 35 W was delivered to each heating pad. Statistical analysis demonstrated that providing heating to the divers afforded no benefits in reducing the effects of ... |
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| Extended Range Underwater Loudhailer for Port Security Applications |
JUN 2006 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
Ric Walker; Bruce Abraham; COAST GUARD RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER GROTON CT
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| The U.S. Coast Guard (CG) has developed an Integrated Anti-swimmer System (IAS) to aid enforcement of security zones around high-value maritime assets. The IAS includes a diver recall system to issue verbal warnings and commands as the first response to a detected underwater intruder. However, the range of the recall system does not meet the CG s requirement of 500 yards for security zone enforcement. Consequently, this system must be ... |
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| Naval Automation and Information Management Technology |
03 JAN 2006 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry Pratt; Jeffrey M. Bradshaw; James Allen; Lucian Galescu; Niranjan Suri; FLORIDA INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN AND MACHINE COGNITION INC PENSACOLA FL
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| In future military scenarios, large numbers of unmanned ground, air, underwater, and surface vehicles will work together, coordinated by an ever smaller number of human operators. In order to be operationally efficient, effective and useful, these robots must have competent physical and sensing abilities, must be able to perform complex tasks semi-autonomously, must be able to coordinate with each other, and must ultimately be observable and controllable in a useful ... |
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| Purge Procedures and Leak Testing for the Morgan Breathing System (MBS) 2000 Closed-Circuit Oxygen Rebreather |
30 NOV 2005 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
David Fothergill; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
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| The MBS 2000 is a closed-circuit oxygen rebreather designed to provide oxygen for on-scene decompression of submarine survivors and recompression treatment of divers aboard submarines. There are concerns in each of these applications about having enough oxygen to support remote operations and having sufficient ventilation capacity to prevent excess O2 leaking into the compartment. For the Deep Submergence Rescue Vehicle, which cannot be ventilated, the concern is the rate at ... |
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| Two Consecutive Five-Day Weeks of Daily Four-Hour Dives with Oxygen Partial Pressure 1.4 ATM |
NOV 2005 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Sixteen U.S. Navy divers began a series of 4-hour dives at a Po2 of 1.4 atm daily for two consecutive five-day weeks. Nine divers were able to finish; all withdrawals were for nonpulmonary reasons. Divers rested on the bottom of a 15-foot fresh water pool and breathed humidified 100% oxygen open circuit from MK 20 full face masks. Flow-volume curves and diffusing capacity were measured at baseline, daily during diving, ... |
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| Pulmonary Effects of Eight Hours Underwater Breathing 1.35 ATM Oxygen: 100% Oxygen or 16% Nitrogen, 84% Oxygen |
OCT 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| To investigate how 16% nitrogen in the breathing gas affects pulmonary oxygen toxicity when Po2 is held at 1.35 atmospheres, 31 U.S. Navy divers dove underwater in the Ocean Simulation Facility of the Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) at 20 feet of seawater with 16% N2, 84% O2 as the breathing gas, and 23 divers breathing 100% O2 dove in the NEDU test pool. Dives were 8 hours long at ... |
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| Repeated Six-Hour Dives 1.35 ATM Oxygen Partial Pressure |
OCT 2005 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The U.S. Navy Diving Manual currently limits the use of oxygen in diving to a maximum of four hours in a 24-hour period. Technical limitations no longer restrict dive lengths to four hours, and for some operations, longer dives may be useful. This report details some effects of multiple six-hour underwater exposures to oxygen partial pressure (Po2) of 1.35 atmospheres (atm), as specified in the task Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity after ... |
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| Pulmonary Effects of Six-Hour Dives: In-Water or Dry Chamber Exposure to an Oxygen Partial Pressure of 1.6 ATM |
OCT 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Pulmonary effects of exposure to hyperbatic oxygen in the water were compared to those for similar exposure in adry chamber. For six hours, 34 subjects breathed 100% oxygen at 20 feet of seawater, in either the wet pot or a dry chamber of the Navy Experimental Diving Unit Ocean Simulation Facility, with 28 individuals participating in both dives and 12 able to dive only once. Owes were two months apart. ... |
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| Spatial and Temporal Variations in Sediment Compressional Wave Speed and Attenuation Measured at 400 KHZ for SAX04 |
SEP 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin B. Briggs; Michael Zimmer; Michael D. Richardson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Diver cores were collected from various locations within the SAX04 site from 21 September to 3 November 2004 and compressional wave speed and attenuation were measured every centimeter at 400 kHz. Although measured values of sound speed and attenuation fall within established ranges for archived data from similar medium quartz sands, fluctuations in measured values were observed in the data that can be explained by the pattern of storm events ... |
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| A Navy Diving Supervisor's Guide to the Nontechnical Skills Required for Safe and Productive Diving Operations |
JUN 2005 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Paul E. O'Connor; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Although the diving community is proficient in identifying and mitigating technical problems, it is not as adept in recognizing and reducing the nontechnical human factors errors that cause accidents. This guide aims to provide Navy divers with background information on the nontechnical skills required for safe and productive diving operations. The skills addressed are based upon extensive research of Navy diving mishaps. |
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| Limited Unmanned Evaluation of the DIVEX SLS MK IV Backpack at Sea Level and 1000 FSW |
APR 2005 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
M. J. Swiergosz; R. J. Steckel; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Resistive efforts, inhalation gas temperatures, and carbon dioxide (CO2) canister and bottle durations were measured from two Secondary Life Support (SLS) system MK IV backpacks attached to the SLS helmet (Divex, LTD) in simulated conditions. Resistive effort at 0 feet of seawater (fsw) was assessed at three different backpack orientations (0 degrees, 45 degrees, 90 degrees), and all of the dependent measures were assessed at depth (1000 fsw) at the ... |
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| Manned Evaluation of a Prototype Composite Cold Water Diving Garment Using Liquids and Superinsulation Aerogel Materials |
07 MAR 2005 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
M. L. Nuckols; J. C. Chao; M. J. Swiergosz; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) OOC tasked Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) to assess the effectiveness of an experimental composite cold water diving garment developed in a partnership among Southwest Research Institute (San Antonio, TX), Duke University (Durham, NC), and Aspen Systems (Marlborough, MA) under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research (ONR).1 The objective of this assessment was to quantify physical and psychological characteristics of divers wearing materials ... |
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| Desmopression Prevents Immersion Diuresis and Improves Physical Performance After Long Duration Dives |
MAR 2005 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
P. A. Nyquist; J. Schrot; J. R. Thomas; D. Hyde; W. R. Taylor; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Water immersion causes dehydration affecting blood flow to muscle, skin and reduces blood volume. Desmopressin inhibits urine production preventing immersion-induced blood volume loss. This study had two goats 1) examine the effect of Desmopressin on immersion diuresis and 2) any subsequent effects on physical and cognitive performance. Twenty U.S. Navy divers participated in a pool study (72 deg F) and field study (80-82 deg F) for 3.5 hat 10-15 feet ... |
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| Graphical Analysis: Decompression Tables and Dive-Outcome Data |
DEC 2004 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
H. D. Van Liew; E. T. Flynn; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| We use a graphical approach to compare prescriptions for ascent given by various air decompression tables with outcomes of experimental dives compiled in the U.S. Navy' Decompression Database. For a given dive depth, we plot times at decompression stops plus time to travel from depth to the surface (TDT) on the Y-axis end bottom time on the X-axis. The analysis dramatizes the large differences among alternative decompression instructions: tables from ... |
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| Guidance on Risk Analysis and Safety Implications of a Large Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Spill Over Water |
DEC 2004 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
Mike Hightower; Louis Gritzo; Anay Luketa-Hanlin; John Covan; Sheldon Tieszen; Gerry Wellman; Mike Irwin; Mike Kaneshige; Brian Melof; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| While recognized standards exist for the systematic safety analysis of potential spills or releases from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) storage terminals and facilities on land, no equivalent set of standards or guidance exists for the evaluation of the safety or consequences from LNG spills over water. Heightened security awareness and energy surety issues have increased industry's and the public's attention to these activities. The report reviews several existing studies of ... |
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| Repeated Four-Hour Dives With PO2 = 1.35 ATM |
JUL 2004 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| U.S. Navy divers performed multiple experimental four-hour resting dives while breathing 100% O2 underwater at a partial pressure of 1.35 atm. Eighteen divers completed two dives with a surface interval of 44 hours. 17 completed two dives with a surface interval of 20 hours. and 16 completed five dives with surface intervals of 20 hours. Pulmonary function and symptoms were monitored before. between. and after the dives. and visual acuity ... |
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| Risk Assessment and Implementation of Impact Burial Prediction Algorithms for Detection of Bottom Sea Mines |
13 MAY 2004 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
A. V. Abelev; P. J. Valent; C. Barbu; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| This paper presents a probabilistic approach to predicting the risk of encountering mines impact buried in mud seafloors. This approach is based on a stochastic interpretation of the sets of both the input and the output parameters used by the existing predictive software. The input parameters describe the variability in the environmental parameters of the layered sediments, as well as the dynamic parameters of the mine impacting the mud line. ... |
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| Ocean Color Satellite Derived Products in Support of Diver and Special Forces Operations During OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM |
APR 2004 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
A. Weidemann; R. Arnone; R. Parsons; R. Gould; S. Ladner; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEAN SCIENCES BRANCH
|
| As missions for Explosive Ordinance Disposal (EOD) units and Special Operations Forces (SOF) move closer into coastal and even "riverine" areas, there is an increased requirement for information on water clarity. This water clarity is important from the standpoint of detecting mines and minelike objects (MLO) on the bottom, in the water column, or attached to the hull of a vessel. It is also important for insersion of an EOD ... |
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| On-Site Evaluation of Field-Based Procedures for Screening Diver's Air |
APR 2004 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
R. S. Lillo; J. M. Caldwell; W. R. Porter; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| We previously developed a set of procedures using three portable analyzers for screening diver's air on-site according to current specifications in the U.S. Navy Diving Manual. This report evaluates these procedures under actual sampling conditions in the field to allow a decision about possible transition to the Fleet. This field test consisted of using the NEDU procedures to screen the output air from two compressors at each of two on-shore ... |
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| Effects of Delays at Depth on Diver Inspired Oxygen Partial Pressures in Simulated Lockouts Using the MK 25 MOD 2 UBA |
APR 2004 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
V. L. Ruterbusch; M. J. Swiergosz; W. A. Gerth; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Divers using the MK25 provided data on partial pressures of oxygen (PO2) during deep lockout simulations at 60 feet of seawater (fsw), simulations in which delays of 1, 10, and 30 min at depth were manipulated before ascent to 15 fsw. Divers assumed a vertical orientation and maintained a restful state in euthermic water conditions throughout the procedure. Eighty-one of 88 dives were completed without violating PO2 safety criteria. Two ... |
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| Evaluation of Analytical Industries Inc. Model Number PSR-11-33-NM Oxygen Sensors for Use With the MK 16 MOD 1 Underwater Breathing Apparatus |
APR 2004 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
S. J. Stanek; C. S. Hedricks; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The purpose of this study was to conduct unmanned and manned testing to evaluate the effectiveness of the Analytical Industries' PSR-11 oxygen sensor (alone and in combination with approved Teledyne R-10DN oxygen sensors) with the MK 16 MOD 1 underwater breathing apparatus (UBA) to a maximum excursion depth of 300 feet of seawater (fsw).1 Primarily employed by Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) divers, the Mk 16 MOD 1 UBA is ... |
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| Indian Rocks Beach Experiment, January-March 2003 |
22 MAR 2004 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Grant R. Bower; Michael D. Richardson; Kevin B. Briggs; W. C. Vaughan; Conrad S. Kennedy; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| An experiment to characterize subsequent (scour) mine burial was conducted in the winter of 2003 in water depth of 13 meters near Tampa Bay, Florida. Four NRL Acoustic Instrument Mines (AIMs), Six Forschungsanstalt der Bundeswehr fur Wasserschall- und Geophysik (FWG) Instrumented Mines and two each Inert Manta Mines, Rockan Mines and 500 lb bombs were placed on the seafloor and left for a period of approximately 64 days. The instrumented ... |
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| Development of Exposure Guidance for Warm Water Diving. Volume 2. System for Investigation of Divers' Behavior at Depth (SINDBAD) and Special Operations Forces (SOF) Mission-Related Performance Measures (MRPM) |
DEC 2003 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Edwin T. Long; Paul O'Connor; Timothy C. Liberatore; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| This report, Volume 2 of two, investigetes the effects of warm water diving on physical and cognitive performance. Method: This study was conducted in three phases. In Phase 1, 16 divers conducted 459 dives t from 94 to 101.5 F (34.4 to 38.6 C). In Phase 2, 21 divers in either dry suits or dive skins, conducted 522 dives in T of 96.5 F (35.9 C) and 99 F (37.2 ... |
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| Development of Exposure Guidance for Warm Water Diving. Volume 1. Physiology and Endurance |
DEC 2003 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Edwin T. Long; Paul E. O'Connor; Timothy C. Liberatore; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| The objective is to provide guidance for conducting diving operations in warm water environments and investigate diver endurance, physiologic change, and physiological and cognitive effects of water temperatures (Tw) from 94 to 101.5 deg F (34.4 to 38.6 deg C) on divers. |
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| Evaluation of Sensus Data Logger for Use in Operational Dive Data Collection |
NOV 2003 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
David G. Sotherland; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA) tasked the Navy Experimental Diving Unit (NEDU) to identify and evaluate candidate devices that divers can carry to electronically record their depth!time profiles and that can be suitable for collecting operational dive data. One such candidate device, called a data logger (DL) to signify its purpose in logging dive data, is the Sensus (ReefNet Inc.; Mississauga, Ontario). With emphasis on its depth accuracy, NEDU tested ... |
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| Determining Source Levels Sound Fields and Body Sizes of Singing Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Hawaiian Winter Ground |
OCT 2003 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Adam A. Pack; J. Potter; L. M. Herman; M. Hoffmann-Kuhnt; M. H. Deakos; DOLPHIN INST HONOLULU HI
|
| The stereotypical stationary posture adopted by male humpback whales producing song suggests they are attempting to optimize transmission range. Over 23 days between Jan. 28 and Apr. 2 2003, we measured the sound fields of singers using divers equipped with rebreather scuba. A custom-designed "Aquahead" system reliably located singers to within 50 m. Fifty seven singers were located using the Aquahead from distances as far away as 6.1 km in ... |
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| Suitability of the USN MK 15 (VVAL 18) Decompression Algorithm for Air Diving |
05 AUG 2003 |
185 pages |
| Authors:
Edward D. Thalmann; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| A computer algorithm was developed and approved for use breathing a fixed 0.7 ata partial pressure of oxygen in nitrogen gas in 1980 (The MK15 (VVAL18) RTA). The intent was to incorporate this algorithm into a diver carried underwater decompression computer (UDO). This same algorithm was also tested breathing air but approval for Fleet us on air was never sought because at the time b there was no decompression computer ... |
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| Diver Charting and Graphical Display |
05 MAY 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth L. Krueger; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN APPLIED RESEARCH LABS
|
| The Diver Charting and Graphical Display (DCGD) software application was developed as a mission planning and data analysis tool for divers using an Integrated Navigation Sonar Sensor (INSS). It is a Microsoft Windows based graphical user interface application that can be installed and executed on computers using a Microsoft Windows based operating systems. The need and usefulness of this tool becomes apparent when one understands what is required to plan, ... |
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| Gas Flows Supporting Umbilical Diving - Requirements and Measurements |
MAY 2003 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
J. R. Clarke; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| This report compiles information from various publications and letters about the MK 3 LWDS umbilical-supplied breathing system. New analyses were also conducted with various computational methods to describe the system and the gas supplies delivered to three divers at the maximum depth of the system, 190 fsw. One calculation method for steady state gas flow was based on equations for airflow in pipes. Electrical models were used to describe steady ... |
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| A Comparison of In-Situ Measurements and Satellite Remote Sensing of Underwater Visibility |
MAR 2003 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Erica A. Museler; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| SeaWiFS data converted to optical properties of the ocean in the form of vertical and horizontal underwater visibility products are compared to in- water diver and optical instrument measurements during the Model Diver Visibility (MoDiV) experiment. Results were collected from 19 to 21 August in the Mississippi Bight region of the United States. The SeaWiFS satellite data was processed with the Automated Processing System (APS), developed by the Naval Research ... |
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| The Use of Tactile Navigation Displays for the Reduction of Disorientation in Maritime Environments |
FEB 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Trevor Dobbins; Shaun Samways; QINTIQ LTD HANTS (UNITED KINGDOM) CENTRE FOR HUMAN SCIENCES
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| The maritime environment can be difficult to navigate in, due to poor visual cues, leading to disorientation and the potential for operational failure. The sense of touch is often overlooked as a mode of information display, but is ideally suited to providing intuitive navigation cues. Tactile cues provide a potential method to overcome these visual limitations and provide an alternative mode of displaying information from the more common visual and ... |
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| Evaluating a Prefabricated Submerged Breakwater and Double-T Sill for Beach Erosion Prevention, Cape May Point, NJ |
2003 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Donald K. Stauble; Michael A. Giovannozzi; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| As part of the US Army Corps of Engineers National Shoreline Erosion Control Development and Demonstration Program, a demonstration project has been installed at Cape May Point, NJ to evaluate prototype-scale "innovative" or "non-traditional" methods of shoreline erosion control. The project consists of placing a linear prefabricated concrete submerged breakwater called the Beachsaver Reef(TradeMark) and a linear prefabricated concrete sill called the Double-T across the seaward end of two adjacent ... |
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| Pulmonary Effects of Submerged Breathing of Air or Oxygen |
NOV 2002 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
B. Shykoff; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| Use of oxygen-rich gas provides many advantages for divers. Unfortunately, exposure to high inspiratory partial pressures of oxygen (P1O2) also has its own risks, one of which, possible lung damage, is known as pulmonary oxygen toxicity (PO2T). The risks of developing PO2T are poorly characterized. The current shallow-water exposure limit, four hours breathing oxygen at 25 fsw or less in any 24-hour period, was established somewhat arbitrarily as a known ... |
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| Exercise Heart Rate as a Predictor of Oxygen Consumption During Decompression from Saturation Diving |
NOV 2002 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara E. Shykoff; Marie E. Knafelc; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
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| The correlation between heart rate and oxygen consumption has been questioned during submerged exercise or exercise under pressure. We studied the relationships of heart rate to oxygen consumption (VO2) and of VO2 to ergometer setting in eight divers during decompression from a saturation dive in a helium-oxygen atmosphere. Measurements were made at 300,190, 66, and 33 feet of seawater (1019, 682, 303, 202 kPa (a)). VO2 during submerged exercise (maximum ... |
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