| Total and Differential Sputter Yields of Boron Nitride Measured by Quartz Crystal Microbalance (Preprint) |
07-May-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
B Rubin; A P Yalin; J Topper; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
 | We present differential sputter yield measurements of boron nitride due to bombardment by xenon ions. A four-grid ion optics system is used to achieve a collimated ion beam at low energy (100 eV). A quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is used to measure differential sputter yield profiles of condensable components from which total sputter yields can also be determined. We report total and differential sputter yields of three grades of boron ... |
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| Growth of Low Defect Density Gallium Nitride (GaN) Films on Novel Tantalum Carbide (TaC) Substrates for Improved Device Performance |
May-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
M A Derenge; K A Jones; K W Kirchner; T S Zheleva; R D Vispute; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| To potentially improve device performance, we attempted to grow gallium nitride (GaN) films with better crystalline quality (fewer mismatch dislocations) using a tantalum carbide (TaC) substrate, which is more closely lattice matched to GaN than currently used substrates. We created the TaC substrate, using pulse laser deposition (PLD) of TaC onto (0001) SiC substrates at tilde 1000 deg C, and grew GaN films, using metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). ... |
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| A Combined Experimental and Computational Study to Examine Lateral Constraint Effects on Single-Slip Oriented Microcompression Experiments (Preprint) |
Apr-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
H L Fraser; M D Uchic; D M Dimiduk; P A Shade; R Wheeler; Y S Choi; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| A custom in-situ SEM mechanical testing system has been used to study the compressive deformation behavior of single-slip oriented Rene N5 microcrystals. Two different compression platens were used to explore the effect of lateral stiffness on the resultant mechanical response, which approximated either a full-frictional or zero-friction case. The change in the lateral constraint of the test system had a demonstrable effect on many aspects or attributes of plastic flow: ... |
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| Microstructure-Sensitive Extreme Value Probabilities for High Cycle Fatigue of Ni-Base Superalloy IN100 (Preprint) |
Mar-2009 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Craig P Przybyla; David L McDowell; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| To quantify the effects of interactions between various microstructure attributes on fatigue life in the high cycle fatigue (HCF) regime, we have proposed a new microstructure-sensitive extreme value statistical framework. This framework couples the extreme value distributions of certain fatigue indicator parameters (FIPs) or response functions to the correlated microstructure attributes that exist at the extreme value locations of these FIPs. We demonstrate the application of this statistical framework to ... |
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| Investigation on the Solubility of GaN in Supercritical Ammonia Containing Acidic, Neutral, and Some Basic Mineralizers |
19-Feb-2009 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Dirk Ehrentraut; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN)
|
| The ammonothermal growth technique to fabricate large size (2 inch) gallium nitride (GaN) crystals has recently seen increased interest due to the achievements in the technique published over the last 2-3 years. The first ever 2 inch GaN bulk crystal, to be reported in the April 2009 issue of MRS Bulletin, holds the great promise that ammonothermally produced GaN may become an important GaN substrate material due to the superior ... |
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| Recent Progress in Silicon Mems Oscillators |
01-Dec-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Wan-Thai Hsu; DISCERA INC ANN ARBOR MI
|
| This paper first reviews key milestones in the making of silicon MEMS oscillators and how MEMS resonators can be used as frequency references for electronic systems, starting from silicon resonators device designs with different fabrication processes, to wafer level packaging technologies, to the robustness of volume manufacturing processes. Secondly, as final products, various MEMS oscillators from various companies are compared with quartz crystal oscillators in terms of jitter, power consumption, ... |
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| Q4 Known Good Substrates |
25-Sep-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Gilyong Chung; Mark J Loboda; Eric P Carlson; Rebecca S Lauer; DOW CORNING CORP MIDLAND MI
|
| The Known Good Substrates (KGS) Phase II program was initiated 29 August 2007. Wafer, epitaxy, modeling and metrology work has been the main focus of efforts in Q4. At the end of the fourth program quarter DCCSS has achieved step change improvements in crystal quality of 76mm diameter 4H n+ SiC crystals as assessed by MPD and HRXRD. Crystals grown in this quarter now exhibit an MPD range of 1-5/sq ... |
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| Colloidal CdTe Nano Crystals Synthesis and Characterization |
01-Sep-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Fred Semendy; Gomatam Jaganathan; Nibir Dhar; Sudhir Trivedi; Ishwara Bhat; Yuanping Chen; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| Synthesis of CdTe nano crystals (NCs) in uniform sizes and in good quality was performed in our nano lab and further characterized by absorption spectra, photoluminescence (PL), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In this growth procedure, CdTe nano crystal band gap is strongly dependent on the growth time and not on the injection temperature or organic ligand concentration. This is very attractive because the nano crystal size can be easily ... |
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| Characteristics of Surface-Normal Fano Filters on Flexible Plastic Substrates |
Aug-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Zexuan Qiang; Weidong Zhou; Zhenqiang Ma; Hongjun Yang; Li Chen; Huiqing Pang; Gail J Brown; TEXAS UNIV AT ARLINGTON NANOFAB CENTER
|
| We report here the angular and polarization dependent transmission characteristics of surface-normal optical filters based on Fano resonances on patterned single crystalline silicon nanomembranes (SiNM), which were fabricated and transferred onto transparent PET plastic substrates using a disruptive SiNM wet transfer process. The measured surface-normal and angle-dependent filter transmission results agree well with the design and simulation based on 3D finite-difference time-domain technique. |
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| The Structural Basis of Pathogen Recognition by TLR Receptors of the Innate Immune System |
Aug-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Yorgo Modis; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens. The overall goal of this project is to understand how a key family of innate immune receptors, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), recognize their microbial ligands, and how this recognition is translated into an immune response. This report covers an initial one-year contract in a three-year project. In our first year, we developed methods to purify milligram quantities ... |
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| Production of Optical Quality Free Standing Diamond Wafer |
19 MAY 2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Dubinskiy; ONYX OPTICS INC DUBLIN CA
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| Valdosta Optics Laboratory, Incorporated (VOLI) is pursuing the capabilities of developing synthetic diamond and diamond-like materials, and integrating and implementing these materials in various applications, particularly as a high performance heat spreader for solid state laser (SSL) components, optical coatings, and active engineering materials for micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) and sensors. The current focus is on three key research and development directions, namely: 1) optical quality, highly oriented polycrystalline diamond (PCD) ... |
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| Heterogeneous Deformation and Spall of an Extruded Tungsten Alloy: Plate Impact Experiments and Crystal Plasticity Modeling |
01-Apr-2008 |
|
| Authors:
T J Vogler; J D Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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 | The role of microstructure in the dynamic deformation and fracture of a dual phase, polycrystalline tungsten alloy under highrate impact loading is investigated via experiments and modeling. The material studied consists of pure tungsten crystals embedded in a ductile binder alloy comprised of tungsten, nickel, and iron. The tungsten crystals are elongated in a preferred direction of extrusion during processing. Plate impact tests were conducted on samples oriented either perpendicular ... |
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| Ferroelectric Plasma Thruster |
29 FEB 2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Scott D. Kovaleski; Mark A. Kemp; MISSOURI UNIV-COLUMBIA
|
| The Ferroelectric Plasma Thruster (FEPT) has been developed as an electrostatic micropropulsion thruster for the smallest classes of spacecraft. The FEPT consists of a thin wafer of lithium niobate ferroelectric material, with a solid electrode on one side, and an electrode with an aperture on the other. When radiofrequency high voltage is applied between the electrodes, through the thickness of the crystal, a combination of triple point and piezoelectric effects ... |
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| Wafer-Fused Orientation-Patterned GaAs |
13 FEB 2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jin Li; David B. Fenner; Krongtip Termkoa; Mark G. Allen; Peter F. Moulton; Candace Lynch; David F. Bliss; William D. Goodhue; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV LOWELL
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| The fabrication of thick orientation-patterned GaAs (OP-GaAs) films is reported using a two-step process where an OP-GaAs template with the desired crystal domain pattern was prepared by wafer fusion bonding and then a thick film was grown over the template by low pressure hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). The OP template was fabricated using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) followed by thermocompression wafer fusion, substrate removal, and lithographic patterning. On-axis (100) ... |
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| Theory of Intrinsic Defects in Crystalline GeTe and of Their Role in Free Carrier Transport Novel Materials and Device Research |
01 JAN 2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur H. Edwards; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB KIRTLAND AFB NM SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| We present a study of the electronic structure and formation energies of germanium/tellurium vacancy and antisite defects in germanium telluride. We find that germanium vacancies are the most readily formed defect, independent of Fermi level. Furthermore, we find that, while the ideal crystal is predicted to be a semiconductor, the predicted large densities of germanium vacancies result in partially filled valence band and p-type conductivity. |
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| Design of the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) Sampler Scriber Template as Developed to Improve and Simplify the Sample Preparation Procedure |
OCT 2007 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Wendy L. Sarney; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| The image quality and visibility of the crystal planes in a TEM sample directly relate to how we initially cleave the wafer during the sample preparation process. For diffraction-contrast imaging, many defects and other crystalline features are orientation specific, and are only visible along certain zone axes. The resolution limits of the TEM dictate the preferred zone axes for phase-contrast imaging. The TEM Sample Scribing Template described here allows easy ... |
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| Total and Differential Sputter Yields of Boron Nitride Measured by Quartz Crystal Microbalance and Weight Loss (Preprint) |
20 SEP 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Binyamin Rubin; James L. Topper; Azer P. Yalin; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| We present results of differential sputter yield measurements of HBC and HBR grades of boron nitride due to bombardment by xenon ions. Total sputter yield measurements are made using a weight loss approach. Differential sputter yield measurements (of condensable components) are made using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The QCM measurement allows full angular resolution, i.e. differential sputtering yield measurements are measured as a function of both polar angle and ... |
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| Low-Cost Production of Photonic Bandgap Materials Through Bubbling |
SEP 2007 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel J. O'Brien; Eric D. Wetzel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Photonic bandgap materials (PBGMs) prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves across certain wavelengths the so-called bandgap. This behavior is the result of periodic variations in the material's dielectric constant, with the location of the bandgap as a function of the spacing between dielectric features. PBGMs show great promise in optoelectronics as waveguides and in sensors. Unfortunately, the large-scale production of PBGMs is difficult. This report proposes a simple low-cost method ... |
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| Femtosecond Laser Threshold and Nonlinear Characterization in Bulk Transparent SiC Materials (Preprint) |
AUG 2007 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Chris Brewer; Shane Juhl; G. L. DesAutels; Peter Powers; Mark Walker; Marc Finet; Scott Ristich; Matt Whitaker; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| Semi-insulating and conducting SiC crystalline transparent substrates were studied after being processed by femtosecond laser radiation. Z-scan and damage threshold experiments were performed on both SiC bulk materials to determine each samples' nonlinear and threshold parameters. "Damage" in this text refers to an index of refraction modification as observed visually under an optical microscope. In addition, a study was performed to understand the damage threshold as a function of numerical ... |
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| Differential Sputter Yields of Boron Nitride, Quartz, and Kapton Due to Low Energy Xe+ Bombardment (Preprint) |
JUL 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
A. P. Yalin; B. Rubin; S. R. Domingue; Z. Glueckert; J. D. Williams; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| In this contribution we present results of differential sputter yield measurements of boron nitride, quartz, and kapton due to bombardment by xenon ions. The measurements are made using a sputtering diagnostic based on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). The QCM measurement allows full angular resolution, i.e. differential sputtering yield measurements are measured as a function of both polar angle and azimuthal angle. Measured profiles are presented for 100, 250, 350 ... |
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| Reactive Gas Phase Compression Due to Shock-Induced Cavity Collapse in Energetic Materials |
JUN 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Linhbao Tran; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| A mesoscale simulation is carried out to examine shock-initiation due to gas phase reaction at site of cylindrical pore within an HMX crystal. The focus here is to investigate viscoplastic heating with gas pore compression that leads to chemical reactions within the gas phase. Systems of conservation laws for both solid and gas phases are solved along with species conservation from a reduced set of chemical kinetic model. Mass, momentum, ... |
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| Simulated Frequency and Force Modulation Atomic Force Microscopy on Soft Samples |
JUN 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua C. Crone; Santiago Solares; Peter W. Chung; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIR
|
| This report was generated as part of a Student Temporary Employment Program Internship from July 2006 through June 2007. The report presents basic didactic concepts and reviews recent progress in the scientific literature on atomic force microscopy (AFM). A new AFM technique is studied. The novel AFM approach is based on force and frequency modulation (FFM-AFM) that enables nondestructive AFM measurements of soft samples such as biological materials in solution. ... |
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| Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Severely Plastically Deformed (SPD) Aluminum Alloys |
31 MAY 2007 |
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| Authors:
Surya R. Kalidindi; Roger D. Doherty; Christopher J. Hovanec; Brendon R. Donohue; Ryan J. VanderMeulen; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| A combined experimental and modeling study has been carried out to characterize the structure and mechanical properties of severely plastically deformed (SPD) aluminum and its alloys as well as the effect of strengthening mechanism on fracture toughness and failure mode. This investigation is focused specifically on Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) and heavy cold rolling of high solute Al alloys. A particular reason for studying the high strength potentially achievable ... |
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| First High Pressure Crystallization and Study of Disorder Modes in Isostructural Dihaloperfluoroethanes (Preprint) |
25 MAY 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Anna Olejniczak; Andrzej Katrusiak; Ashwani Vij; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA
|
| A group of isostructural crystals has been identified for a series of 1,2-dihalotetrafluoroethanes X(CF2)2Y (X = Br, I; Y = Br, I). 1,2-Dibromotetrafluoroethane (BrCF2CF2Br), 1,2-diiodotetrafluoroethane (ICF2CF2I) and 1-bromo-2-iodotetrafluoroethane (BrCF2CF2I), have been in-situ pressure crystallized in a diamond-anvil cell and their structures determined by X-ray diffraction. All the crystals are monoclinic, space group P21/n, with the midpoint of the C-C bond located at the centre of inversion. The freezing pressures of ... |
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| Localized Synthesis of Silicon Nanocrystals in Silicon-rich SiO2 by CO2 Laser Annealing |
01 MAY 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Gong-Ru Lin; NATIONAL CHIAO TUNG UNIV HSINCHU (TAIWAN) INST OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The optical properties of a SiOx film rapid-thermal-annealed "RTA" by CO2 laser are primarily investigated. The micro-photoluminescence "-PL" and HRTEM analysis indicate that the precipitation of random-oriented Si nanocrystals can be initiated when laser intensity "Plaser" larger than 4.5 kW/cm2. At Plaser of 6 kW/cm2, the Si nanocrystals exhibits a largest diameter of 8 nm and a highest density of 4.51016 cm-3, which emits strong PL at 790-825 nm. The ... |
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| Spin-Based Lattice-Gas Quantum Computers in Solids Using Optical Addressing |
30 APR 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Marlan O. Scully; Olga Kocharovskaya; George Welch; Philip Hemmer; M. S. Zubairy; Goong Chen; TEXAS ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION COLLEGE STATION
|
| The purpose of this project was to develop quantum computing hardware suitable for implementing quantum lattice-gas algorithms, with eventual application to turbulent flow simulations. A number of quantum systems were investigated, including rare-earth dopants in oxide crystals and in II-VI semiconductors. However, in the option year it was decided to concentrate exclusively on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) color centers in diamond. Surprising, it was found that NV diamond exhibited the key elements ... |
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| Designing of Bulk Nano-Structures with Enhanced Thermoelectric Properties |
23 APR 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Mercouri Kanatzidis; Timothy Hogan; Chris Murray; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING
|
| We discovered a grand homologous series which may help in the future to systematically identify thermoelectric materials with high performance. Namely, the series Am[M1+1Se2+1]2m[M21+nSe2+31+n] (A = alkali metal, M = Pb, Bi) has structure-predicting properties. The modular construction of these structures from evolving building blocks permits many of the criteria necessary for good thermoelectrics to be met. K2Bi8Se13 is a member of this series and was found to be a ... |
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| Synthesis and Modulation of Visible-Bandgap Semiconductor Nanowires and their Optical Sensor Application |
19 MAR 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Kyoung-Jin Choi; Jae-Gwan Park; Jae-Hwan Park; Seok-Joon Kwon; KOREA INST OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SEOUL
|
| The work successfully demonstrated syntheses and characterization of CdSxSe1-x (x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) nanowires. The high quality crystallinity and optical properties of these nanowires were demonstrated for the potential optical sensor applications. The energy bandgap was also modulated by making solid solutions (CdSxSe1-x) in the spectral region from 1.74 eV to 2.45 eV as a function of the sulfur content. The photo-detector using CdSxSe1-x nanowires demonstrated well ... |
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| A Study of Pre-Stress Effect on Dynamic Failure of Transparent Brittle Materials |
MAR 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
G. I. Kanel; S. V. Razorenov; A. S. Savinykh; G. S. Bezruchko; G. V. Garkushin; G. E. Ivanchikhina; RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES MOSCOW INST FOR HIGH ENERGY DENSITIES
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| The report presents results of studying the pre-stress effect on dynamic failure of K8 crown glass, K14 crown glass, fused quartz and sapphire crystals. A technology of radial pre-compression of glass samples has been worked out. Controlled confinement pressure on the specimen in a range of 150 MPa to 550 MPa was provided by installing a shrink-fit metal sleeve on the lateral surface of the glass specimen disk. Results of ... |
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| Theory of Second Harmonic Generation in Presence of Diffraction, Beam Walk-off and Pump Depletion |
MAR 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Shekhar Guha; Leonel P. Gonzalez; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Integral expressions for the pump and generated fields are presented here for the case of second harmonic generation of a focused Gaussian pump beam incident on a nonlinear crystal. The birefringent walk-off of the generated beam and the effect of pump depletion are included in the theory. |
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| Theory of Second Harmonic Generation in Presence of Diffraction, Beam Walk-Off and Pump Depletion (Preprint) |
MAR 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Shekhar Guha; Leonel P. Gonzalez; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Integral expressions for the pump and generated fields are presented here for the case of second harmonic generation of a focused Gaussian pump beam incident on a nonlinear crystal. The birefringent walk-off of the generated beam and the effect of pump depletion are included in the theory. |
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| Recycled Glass and Dredged Materials |
MAR 2007 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Lee Landris T.; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
|
| This technical note explores the concepts and applications of recovering and reusing two common disposable materials (crushed glass and dredged spoil) for beneficial engineering purposes. Dewatered fine-grained dredged material (DM) amended with glass cullet may prove to be a marketable combination especially useful as an engineered material and construction aggregate substitute. RECYCLED GLASS: Glass is manufactured from silica sand (SiO2) and other compounds, and occurs naturally as black obsidian rock ... |
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| The Electronic Structure and Field Effects of an Organic-Based Room Temperature Magnetic Semiconductor |
01-Jan-2007 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
Derek M Lincoln; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The future of spin-electronics or "spintronics" lies in the development of viable magnetic semiconductors that can effectively operate at room temperature Vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]~2) is a magnetic semiconductor with an ordering temperature well above that of room. Its highly disordered structure has hampered a comprehensive description of the interactions between the V and TCNE sublattices that give rise to its magnetic and electrical properties. We report the results of high-resolution ... |
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| A Multiscale Modeling Method for Deformations on Atomic Lattice Defects and Application to Plasticity |
NOV 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Peter W. Chung; John D. Clayton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Computing the displacements of atoms undergoing deformation in a perfect lattice requires the use of the so-called Cauchy-Born approximation. Near defects such as at vacancies or dislocations, this approximation does not hold and a computationally costly energy minimization over a large number of atoms is unavoidable. Presented is a self-consistent multiscale methodology enabling an approximation to the displacements near defects without requiring full energy minimization over successive load increments. It ... |
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| The Development of an Environmentally Compliant, Multi-Functional Aerospace Coating Using Molecular- and Nano-Engineering Methods |
02 OCT 2006 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
S. R. Taylor; G. J. Shiflet; J. R. Scully; R. G. Buchheit; W. J. van Ooij; K. Sieradzki; R. E. Diaz; C. J. Brinker; A. L. Moran; MISSISSIPPI UNIV MEDICAL CENTER JACKSON
|
| The coating system presently used on military aircraft is constrained in function (e.g., static color, low glint) and limited to the use of toxic, chromate-based compounds for the mitigation of corrosion. This report summarizes a MURI that was tasked to establish the scientific foundation for a military aerospace coating with expanded functionality and environmental compliance. By implementing advances in molecular and nano-engineered materials, an academic team has identified the enabling ... |
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| On the Structure of Holographic Polymer-Dispersed Polyethylene Glycol (Postprint) |
OCT 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Birnkrant; Hilary K. McWilliams; Christopher Y. Li; Lalgudi V. Natarajan; Vincent P. Toodiglia; Richard L. Sutherland; Pamela F. Lloyd; Timothy J. Bunning; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA
|
| Holographic polymerization (H-P) has been used to fabricate polymer-dispersed liquid crystals and pattern inert nanoparticles. In this article, one-dimensional grating structures of Norland resin and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were achieved using the H-P technique. Both reflection and transmission grating structures were fabricated. The optical properties of the reflection grating structures (also known as Bragg reflectors, BRs) are thermosensitive, which is attributed to the formation and crystallization of PEG crystals. The ... |
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| Collaborative Research Program on Advanced Metals and Ceramics for Armor and Anti-Armor Applications Dynamic Behavior of Non-Crystalline and Crystalline Metallic Systems |
SEP 2006 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
K. T. Ramesh; James W. McCauley; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| This collaborative research program emphasized collaborative research between Johns Hopkins University and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) towards well-defined common goals: the understanding and development of advanced metallic systems for armor and anti-armor applications. The Johns Hopkins side of the collaboration was operated through a science driven, problem-directed Center the Center for Advanced Metal and Ceramic Systems. The Center provides a tight integration of the University with ARL, providing ... |
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| A Theory of Radiation Effects in Cellular Devices |
14 AUG 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
B. D. Weaver; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| A theory is presented on radiation effects in "cellular" devices comprised of small particles such as nanocrystals or quantum dots. The theory explains the surprising discovery that the photoluminscence of quantum dot devices can be significantly more radiation-tolerant than bulk or quantum well-based diodes. |
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| Fulfilling the Roosevelts' Vision for American Naval Power (1923-2005) |
30 JUN 2006 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Don DeYoung; Jill Dahlburg; Richard Bevilacqua; Gerald Borsuk; Jay Boris; Simon Chang; Richard Colton; Robert Eisenhauer; Herbert Eppert; Edward Franchi; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Since its establishment on July 2, 1923, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has excelled in its mission of conducting a broadly based multidisciplinary program of scientific research and advanced technological development directed toward maritime applications of new and improved materials; techniques; equipment; systems; and ocean, atmospheric, and space sciences and related technologies. Products of the Laboratory include a number of innovations that have revolutionized the capabilities of the United States ... |
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| Q2 Known Goods Substrates |
02 JUN 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Loboda; Eric Carlson; Gilyong Chung; Brian Russell; DOW CORNING CORP MIDLAND MI
|
| The Known Good Substrates (KGS) program is on track technically and financially with program tasks. Q1 wafer fabrication was completed, Q1 metrology and characterization was completed, and wafers were distributed to partners. All but 1 subcontract is in place and many subcontractors are ramping up activities with wafers coming out of the Q1 wafer fabrication. |
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| Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Semiconductors |
JUN 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Hailin Wang; OREGON UNIV EUGENE RESEARCH SERVICES AND ADMINISTRATION
|
| This final technical report summarizes research supported by ARO in two areas: electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) from electron spin coherence and cavity QED with nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond nanocrystals. We have developed three different schemes to realize EIT using electron spin coherence in semiconductor quantum wells. The three schemes include the use of V-type three-level systems via heavy hole excitonic transitions in an external magnetic field in the ... |
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| Bioanalytical Method to Determine the Effects of Cyanide, Cyanide Metabolites and Cyanide Antidotes on the Activity of Cytochrome C Oxidase Immobilized in an Electrode Supported Lipid Bilayer Membrane |
Jun-2006 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Steven I Baskin; James B Kelly; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The bioanalytical studies pursued in this research take advantage of the electron transfer reactivity of cytochrome c oxidase (CCO) when immobilized in a bilayer attached to an electrode surface. This enzyme immobilization method enables CCO to exhibit reaction chemistry that mimics its in vivo behavior because the bilayer structure is thought to reproduce its in vivo environment in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In addition this experimental platform for CCO enables ... |
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| Harnessing Novel Secreted Inhibitors of EGF Receptor Signaling for Breast Cancer Treatment |
APR 2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A. Lemmon; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| The aim of our research is to develop protein therapeutics that can neutralize the growth factors that activate members of the EGF receptor family in breast cancer. Whereas other agents that target this receptor system target the receptor itself (eg. Herceptin, Iressa),we propose to target the activating ligand. Our model is the protein Argos from Drosophila,which we discovered inhibits EGF receptor signaling naturally in the fruit fly by inactivating the ... |
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| Investigation of Copper Contamination and Corrosion Scale Mineralogy in Aging Drink Water Distributions Systems |
MAR 2006 |
208 pages |
| Authors:
Nadja F. Turek; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Research has shown higher levels of copper appear in drinking water conveyed through relatively new copper piping systems; older piping systems typically deliver lower copper levels in their drinking water. This research contributes field data from a real drinking water distribution system, providing a better understanding of this phenomenon, as it relates to treatment considerations and compliance with the Lead and Copper Rule. Copper pipes and copper levels were sampled ... |
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| Compact, Coherent, and High-Power THz Sources and Applications |
25 FEB 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Yugie J. Ding; LEHIGH UNIV BETHLEHEM PA
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| Within the last 12 months of the grant period, we had used our FTIR acquired from Bruker Optics via a DURIP grant to measure the transmission spectra of a few diatomic and triatomic molecules. As a result, we had observed distinct ro-vibrational and rotational transitions in carbon monoxide isotopic variants, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon dioxide. Furthermore, we had used the widely-tunable monochromatic THz source developed by us to measure the ... |
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| Optical Characterization of Micro Particles in Molecular Plasmas |
10 FEB 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Paul B. Davies; CAMBRIDGE UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| This report results from a contract tasking University of Cambridge as follows: Understanding the role of nano and micro sized particles in industrial processes and in the atmosphere using plasmas has become very important. The grantee proposes to develop a novel, sensitive and non-invasive diagnostic technique for probing the chemical composition of solid particle surfaces in dusty plasmas. Specifically, pulsed tuneable lasers will be used to excite whispering gallery modes ... |
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| A Geometric Framework for the Kinematics of Crystals With Defects |
FEB 2006 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Clayton; Douglas J. Bammann; David L. McDowell; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| Presented is a general theoretical framework capable of describing the finite deformation kinematics of several classes of defects prevalent in metallic crystals. Our treatment relies upon powerful tools from differential geometry, including linear connections and covariant differentiation, torsion, curvature, and anholonomic spaces. A length scale dependent, three-term multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient is suggested, with terms representing recoverable elasticity, residual lattice deformation due to defect fields, and plastic deformation ... |
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| The Analysis of Thermal Stability and Crystallization of Structural Amorphous Alloys |
06 JAN 2006 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
J. H. Perepezko; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
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| Controlled synthesis of bulk nanostructured volumes comprised of a high density (10(exp 21)-10(exp 23) m(exp -3)) of nanocrystals (7-20nm) dispersed throughout an amorphous matrix requires a thorough understanding of the primary crystallization reactions responsible for their transformation. The primary crystallization of Al from amorphous Al alloys generally is observed in the competitive kinetics of devitrification in spite of a reduced driving free energy, which results from a hypereutectic composition within ... |
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| Self-Pumped Photorefractive Gratings in Fe:KNbO3 (Preprint) |
JAN 2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Dean R. Evans; G. Gook; J. L. Carns; M. A. Saleh; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SURVIVABILITY AND SENSOR MATERIALS DIV/HARDENED MATERIALS
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| *High gain confirmed in off-axis geometries for Fe:KNbO3; *Mismatch between theory and experiment for mid-range crystal angles, especially for the a-c plane; *Large apparent variation in the effective trap density with crystal angle; *Modified theory gives a good fit to experimental data; *Mechanism for trap density anisotropy is unclear. |
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| Large Resonant Third-order Optical Nonlinearity of CdSe Nanocrystal Quantum Dots |
2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
JaeTae Seo; SeongMin Ma; Qiguang Yang; Linwood Creekmore; Russell Battle; Herbert Brown; Ashley Jackson; Tifney Skyles; Bagher Tabibi; William Yu; SungSoo Jung; Min Namkung; HAMPTON UNIV VA DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| Resonant third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility and hyperpolarizability of CdSe nanocrystal quantum dots were revealed to be ~2.6 10(exp -20) 2.7 10(exp -19) sq m/V2 and ~2.2 10(exp -40) m5/V2 by using nanosecond degenerate four-wave mixing at 532 nm. The large nonlinearity of the CdSe nanocrystals is attributed to the resonant excitation and multiple nonlinear optical processes. |
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