| Asynchronous Data-Driven Classification of Weapon Systems |
Oct-2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Shashi Phoha; Asok Ray; Thyagaraju Damarla; Xin Jin; Kushal Mukherjee; Shalabh Gupta; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
 | This paper addresses real-time weapon classification by analysis of asynchronous acoustic data, collected from microphones on a sensor network. The weapon classification algorithm consists of two parts: (i) feature extraction from time-series data using Symbolic Dynamic Filtering (SDF), and (ii) pattern classification based on the extracted features using Language Measure (LM) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The proposed algorithm has been tested on field data, generated by firing of two ... |
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| Flight Attendant Fatigue. Part 6: Fatigue Countermeasure Training and Potential Benefits |
Oct-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Katrina E Avers; Thomas E Nesthus; Erica L Hauck; Lauren V Blackwell; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Today's aviation industry is a 24/7 operation that produces a variety of challenges for cabin crew members, including extended duty periods, highly variable schedules, and frequent time zone changes. While these operational requirements may be necessary, they are far from ideal with respect to the human body's biological rhythms for managing sleep and alertness. In fact, acute sleep loss, sustained periods of wakefulness, and circadian factors resulting from this form ... |
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| Analysis of a Man-in-the-Middle Attack on the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Protocol |
Sep-2009 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron C Geary; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The ability to distribute cryptographic keys securely has been a challenge for centuries. The Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol was the first practical solution to the key exchange dilemma. The Diffie-Hellman protocol allows two parties to exchange a secret key over unsecured communication channels without meeting in advance. The secret key can then be used in a symmetric encryption application, and the two parties can communicate securely. However, if the key ... |
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| DNS Rebinding Attacks |
Sep-2009 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
Georgios Kokkinopoulos; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| See Report A Domain Name System (DNS) Rebinding attack compromises the integrity of name resolution in DNS with the goal of controlling the IP address of the host to which the victim ultimately connects. The same origin policy and DNS Pinning techniques were introduced to protect Web browsers from DNS rebinding attacks, but their effectiveness has been undermined by vulnerabilities introduced by plug-ins such as JavaScript and Adobe Flash Player. ... |
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| Planning the Optimal Transit for a Ship Through a Mapped Minefield |
Sep-2009 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Pei-Chieh Li; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| This thesis develops (a) a mission-planning tool for a Navy Mine Counter Measure (MCM) force to find a minimum-risk route for a surface ship through a mapped minefield, and (b) a heuristic to identify a sequence of mines whose clearance (removal and/or deactivation) leads to a rapid reduction of the risk of a minimum-risk path. All modeling concepts reflect the requirements of the Republic of China Navy's MCM operations. The ... |
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| Evaluation and Comparison of Freedom Class LCS and Other Frigates/Corvettes Against Small Boat, FPB and Submarine Threats in Confined Waters |
01-Jun-2009 |
171 pages |
| Authors:
Omur Ozdemir; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis compares the performance of the Freedom Class Littoral Combat Ship (LCS) with five similar international frigates and corvettes in a littoral combat environment. The alternative ships are: Formidable class frigate, Singapore Navy; MILGEM (Milli Gemi) class corvette, Turkish Navy; Steregushchiy class frigate, Russian Navy; Sigma class corvette, Indonesian Navy; and Visby class corvette, Swedish Navy. The study is conducted within a fictitious scenario in the Strait of Hormuz, ... |
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| Deportations: Securing America or Running in Circles |
01-Jun-2009 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Shannon B Stambersky; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The United States was attacked by terrorists in 2001, and the country entered into a highly publicized debate on how to keep the country safe. Immigration reform to counter the ability of terrorists to circumvent U.S. immigration laws became the focus of much anti-terrorism legislation. Many immigration laws, especially concerning the deportability of an individual, which had been in place since the mid-1990s were expanded and additional enforcement mechanisms created. ... |
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| Al Qaeda as a Charismatic Phenomenon |
Jun-2009 |
165 pages |
| Authors:
Dushyant Singh; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis examines the hypothesis that the presence of charismatic effect in terrorist or insurgent groups tends to make them more violent. Raymond Bradley's theory forms the backbone of the study. It focuses on identifying a charismatic effect in a group, measuring the level of the charismatic effect, and analyzing how the dimensions of the effect relate to the survivability or viability of the group. The theory envisages that endogenous ... |
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| Integrating Intelligence and Information Sharing in Theater Security Cooperation |
04-May-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Robert T Flickinger; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Theater Security Cooperation plans and activities are essential in developing capable coalition partners that work with the United States to maintain regional stability and counter common threats. A critical component of Theater Security Cooperation planning is intelligence and information sharing. This paper explores how Operational Function Intelligence should be integrated into Theater Security Cooperation and campaign planning in order to most effectively support the Geographic Combatant Commander. It begins with ... |
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| Spectral-Based Volume Sensor Prototype, Post-VS4 Test Series Algorithm Development |
30-Apr-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel A Steinhurst; Jeffrey C Owrutsky; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| A retrospective analysis was undertaken to better understand the performance trade-offs involved in reducing the sensor count in the Spectral Based Volume Sensor Component Prototype developed as part of the Advanced Volume Sensor Project. Using a portion of the Volume Sensor Test Series 4 (VS4) data, superior performance was retrospectively demonstrated for several potential new configurations than was originally observed during the live VS4 demonstration. Additionally, it was possible to ... |
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| Efficacy of Intranasal Scopolamine Gel for Motion Sickness Treatment in Aviation Candidates |
13-Apr-2009 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Rita G Simmons; Jeffrey B Phillips; Renee A Lojewski; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| Results from preliminary studies indicate that intranasal scopolamine (INSCOP) has faster absorption, higher bioavailability and reliable therapeutic index than oral or transdermal forms. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of INSCOP for the treatment of motion-induced sickness and to estimate the rate of absorption. After completing baseline physiolgical, biological and cognitive assessments, 16 aviation candidates were given 0.4 mg of INSCOP and a placebo and were ... |
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| Efficacy of Armodafinil for Maintaining Vigilance Among Navy Air Traffic Controllers Eight to Twelve Hours Post-Dose |
12-Apr-2009 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Rita G Simmons; Jeffrey B Phillips; Richard D Arnold; Melissa Stompolis; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| This study is designed to measure the efficacy of armodafinil as a fatigue countermeasure during military air traffic control (ATC) operations. ATC operations require extended periods of sustained attention without room for error. Military ATC crews accommodate shift schedules unique to demands of military operations which often exceed FAA regulations. Armodafinil, a slow-release form of modafinil, improves wakefulness and alertness without affecting normal sleep patterns making it an ideal fatigue ... |
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| Department of Defense Joint Chemical and Biological Defense Program 2009 Annual Report to Congress |
27-Mar-2009 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE
|
| The Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Chemical and Biological Defense Program's (CBDP) 2009 Annual Report to Congress (ARC) details the progress made by the Department over the last year to protect our nation and allies from current and emerging threats posed by weapons of mass destruction (WMD). It also reviews current programs that provide Warfighters with the most superior chemical and biological (CB) defense training, equipment, and preparedness to ultimately ... |
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| Transforming Counterterrorism Training in the FBI: Preserving Institutional Memory and Enhancing Knowledge Management |
Mar-2009 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Kristen C Paulling; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) remains committed to working seamlessly with its international, federal, state and local partners to counter terrorism, the number one priority of the FBI. In order to more effectively equip personnel to meet and counter the ever-evolving threat, it is critical that inefficient practices that cause counterterrorism practitioners to recreate the wheel are quickly transformed to promote the most efficient counterterrorism knowledge management, knowledge transfer, ... |
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| Creating Multi Objective Value Functions from Non-Independent Values |
Mar-2009 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher D Richards; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Decisions are made every day and by everyone. As these decisions become more important, involve higher costs and affect a broader group of stakeholders it becomes essential to establish a more rigorous strategy than simply intuition or going with your gut. In the past several decades, the concept of Value Focused Thinking (VFT) has gained much acclaim in assisting Decision Makers (DMs) in this very effort. By identifying and organizing ... |
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| Federal Research and Development Funding: Possible Impacts of Operating Under a Continuing Resolution |
03-Feb-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Daniel Morgan; Dana A Shea; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | On September 30, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Consolidated Security, Disaster Assistance, and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2009 (P.L. 110-329). Division A of this law is a continuing resolution and provides funding (through March 6, 2009, unless superseded by further congressional action) for agencies and programs normally funded by nine of the 12 regular appropriations bills. The same law also includes the other three FY2009 appropriations acts: one funding ... |
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| Performance Sustainment of Two Man Crews during 87 Hours of Extended Wakefulness with Stimulants and Napping |
Feb-2009 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Arthur Estrada; Lana Milam; Lisa Dueringer; Tiffany Rouse; Lisa Palacio; Elmar Schmeisser; Ian Curry; Terry Rowe; Robert Wildzunas; Patricia LeDuc; Christopher Martin; Julie Bass; ARMY AEROMEDICAL RESEARCH LAB FORT RUCKER AL
|
| Thirty-two pilots each completed twenty-two simulated flights and other evaluations during 87 hours of sustained operations. General results are that dextroamphetamine and modafinil similarly attenuated numerous sleep loss problems. While caffeine had some benefits preventing performance declines, changes in performance often mimicked those seen in the placebo group. The benefits of all three stimulants were most noticeable from 0200 until 1000 when the fatigue from sleep deprivation was greatest. The ... |
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| Process Research and Development of Antibodies as Countermeasures for C. botulinum |
Feb-2009 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Meagher; NEBRASKA UNIV LINCOLN
|
| This final report describes the design and construction of a CGMP facility for yeast and bacteria on the first floor and basement of Othmer Hall, the home for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Biological Process Development Facility. Total cost for construction was $11,165,740, with the University of Nebraska-Lincoln providing $5,179,226 (46%) of the funding, USAMRMC providing $4,958,049 (45%), and JVAP providing $1,028,465 (9 %). This final report also describes the expression, ... |
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| Targeting U.S. Technologies: A Trend Analysis of Reporting from Defense Industry 2008 |
16-Jan-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph O'Brien; Sara DeWitz; Timothy Deerr; John Parsons; Erika Souliere; DEFENSE SECURITY SERVICE ALEXANDRIA VA COUNTERINTELLIGENCE OFFICE
|
| The Defense Security Service (DSS) is chartered to work in partnership with defense industry to protect critical technologies and information. An essential component of that effort is a requirement for defense contractors, who have access to classified material or Cleared Defense Contractors, to identify and report suspicious contacts and potential collection attempts, as outlined in the National Industrial Security Program Operating Manual (NISPOM). DSS publishes this annual report based on ... |
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| Economic Security and National Security -- Interaction and Synthesis |
Jan-2009 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
James G Rickards; OMNIS INC MCLEAN VA
|
| National security has never been more captive to economic security than it is today. Economic security is not restricted to the usual fluctuations in gross domestic product (GDP), employment, productivity, and other metrics that have been the focus of macroeconomists for decades. Instead, in the present context, economic security refers to global capital flows and the capital and commodities markets which accommodate those flows. Through these channels currencies can be ... |
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| Plan Validation Using DES and Agent-based Simulation |
Dec-2008 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
Teck H Wong; Kim S Ong; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Military plan validation is typically a long-drawn process requiring planners to validate their plans using anticipated scenarios or through military exercises. While military exercises provide realistic simulation of the plan, it is often the most expensive way of validating a plan. On the other hand, although using anticipated scenarios is relatively cheaper, the robustness of the validated plans is dependent on the extensiveness of the scenarios that they are validated ... |
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| Towards Countering the Rise of the Silicon Trojan |
Dec-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S Anderson; Christopher J North; Kenneth K Yiu; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA) COMMAND CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS AND INTELLIGENCE DIV
|
| The Trojan Horse has a venerable if unwelcome history and it is still regarded by many as the primary component in Computer Network Attack. Trojans have been the direct cause of significant economic loss over the years, and a large industry has grown to counter this insidious threat. To date, Trojans have in the vast majority taken the form of malicious software. However, more recent times have seen the emergence ... |
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| Defense Graphs and Enterprise Architecture for Information Assurance Analysis |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Ulrik Franke; Teodor Sommestad; Mathias Ekstedt; Pontus Johnson; ROYAL INST OF TECH STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN)
|
| The JQRR metrics for Information Assurance (IA) and Computer Network Defense (CND) are combined with a framework based on defense graphs. This enables the use of architectural models for rational decision making, based on the mathematical rigor of extended influence diagrams. A sample abstract model is provided, along with a simple example of its usage to assess access control vulnerability. With the advent of Network Centric Warfare, Information Assurance (IA) ... |
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| Closed-Loop Attention Management: Using Augmented Cognition to Sustain Vigilance |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
St; Mark John; Matthew R Risser; PACIFIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING GROUP INC SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Vigilance tasks, from driving to surveillance to security remain important and frequent tasks for the US Army. Yet the difficulty users have sustaining vigilance is well known. Augmented cognition offers new methods for supporting sustained vigilance via a closed-loop attention management system (CLAM). A CLAM system monitors operators? psychophysiology for signs of inattention and then triggers a countermeasure to rouse operators and help them sustain vigilance and good task performance. ... |
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| Promethazine as a Novel Prophylaxis and Treatment for Nerve Agent Poisoning |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
R K Kan; C P Tompkins; D M Kniffin; T A Hamilton; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY BRANCH
|
| The present study evaluated promethazine, an FDA-approved antihistamine, for treating the toxic effects of soman (GD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 240-300 g, were pretreated 30 minutes prior to or treated less than or equal 1 minute after GD administration (180 mg/kg, sc) with promethazine alone (40 mg/kg, ip) or in combination with oxime reactivator HI-6 (125 mg/kg, ip) and atropine methylnitrate (AMN; 2.0 mg/kg, im). The incidence of convulsions, percentage ... |
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| 24/7 Operational Effectiveness Toolset: Predictions of FAST (trademark) and F-PAS |
Nov-2008 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Juan Mendez; Douglas R Eddy; NTI INC FAIRBORN OH
|
| The purpose of the work reported here was to validate the core software components of a new web-based version of the Fatigue Avoidance Scheduling Tool (FAST(trademark)). Four different schedules were used to compare the performance effectiveness projections of the two computer applications. The methods used to compare the data were taken from Chaiken (2005). The preliminary comparisons revealed discrepancies between the applications that were unacceptable. After modifications to the Core ... |
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| Spatial Disorientation Training - Demonstration and Avoidance (entrainement a la desorientation spatiale - Demonstration et reponse) |
Oct-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Willem Bles; NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
| Recent accident statistics reveal that Spatial Disorientation (SD) is still a major threat to flight safety in many NATO countries. A review of SD training programmes as applied in most NATO countries, in agreement with STANAG 3114, shows that SD training is not fully developed. The goal of the report is to provide the necessary information to improve these SD training programmes. To this purpose, the report provides many detailed ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 8, October 2008 |
Oct-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Robert J Lipnick; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Prolonged and/or intense exposures to cold can significantly impact the health, well-being and operational effectiveness of service members and their units. Because U.S. military operations are conducted in diverse geographic and weather conditions, the U.S. military has developed extensive countermeasures against threats associated with training and operating in cold environments. In recent years, rates of hospitalization for cold weather-related injuries of U.S. military members have generally declined - at least ... |
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| Detection of IED Emplacement in Urban Environments |
01-Sep-2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew P O'Hara; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This research will be focused on discovering patterns of activity that lead to the emplacement of IEDs by terrorists in urban environments. This research will employ a network in a predictive mode by looking for suspicious activity patterns and raising alerts when a pre-determined level of confidence is achieved in the prediction. The scope of this thesis will be to conduct various experiments using wireless sensor network motes to detect ... |
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| The Efficacy of Dextroamphetamine as a Motion Sickness Countermeasure for the Use in Military Operational Environments |
09-Jul-2008 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Rita G Simmons; Jeffrey B Phillips; Benton D Lawson; Renee A Lojewski; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| Previous research examining pharmacological solutions for motion sickness have reported that dextroamphetamine (d-amphetamine) imparts significant protection against provocative motion without conferring drowsiness or significant side effects. If the purported anti-motion sicknesses properties of d-amphetamine are accurate, the military could utilize a single medication for motion sickness and fatigue prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and side effect profile of this potential motion sickness countermeasure for ... |
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| Laboratory-Scale Study in Determining the Decontamination Standards for Personnel Protective Equipment Used by Homeland Defense Personnel: Evaluation of Commercial Off-the-Shelf Technologies for Decontamination of Personnel Protective Equipment-Relevant S |
01-Jun-2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Lalena Wallace; Vipin K Rastogi; Lisa S Smith; Saumil S Shah; Jonathan Sabol; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In 2001, dissemination of letters tainted with anthrax-causing spores through USPS led to a limited number of deaths and contamination of several hundred thousand cubic feet of surface space within government and commercial buildings. In the context of homeland security, these and other cases involving ricin toxin demonstrated the urgent need to develop countermeasures for cleaning up complex surfaces relevant to personnel protective equipment (PPE). Four relevant surface materials (polycarbonate, ... |
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| Turkey and PKK Terrorism |
01-Jun-2008 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Tevfik Zehni; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| In this thesis, Turkey's struggle against PKK terrorism is analyzed to find an answer to the main research question of this thesis: Why has Turkey not overcome the PKK and its terrorism after thirty years of struggle? To accomplish this, two subquestions are asked. The first sub-question deals with the perceptions and consequences of terrorism. Consequently, the thesis seeks a comprehensive understanding the motivations of both PKK cadres and Turkish ... |
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| Translating the Science of Alertness and Performance from Laboratory to Field: Using State-of-the-Art Monitoring Imaging and Performance Enhancement Technologies to Improve the Alertness and Safety of the Military and Civilian Workforce |
Jun-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Charles A Czeisler; Christopher P Landrigan; HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL BOSTON MA
|
| The funds of this DURIP grant were used to acquire state-of-the-art equipment and technologies that will promote DOD-related research in the Division of Sleep Medicine of the Harvard Medical School. This site is part of an AFOSR-funded PRET Center that studies human alertness and performance and develops countermeasures to prevent attentional failures due to sleep deprivation and circadian misalignment (e.g., jet lag). The DURIP equipment requested would substantially enhance the ... |
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| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
19-May-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Frank Gottron; Jim Monke; Dana A Shea; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases. Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
03 APR 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Jim Monke; Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. (These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases.) Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| The NATO Summit at Bucharest, 2008 |
24-Mar-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Paul Gallis; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| NATO will hold a summit in Bucharest, Romania, April 2-4, 2008. The allies will seek to clarify NATO's mission, with special attention to the stabilization of Afghanistan. They will also debate how to counter new threats, such as cyber attacks and energy cut-offs, as well as a possible missile defense system. In addition, they will decide whether to extend invitations for membership to any of three candidate states -- Albania, ... |
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| Self-defense of Large Aircraft |
MAR 2008 |
157 pages |
| Authors:
Zeki Yildirim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Large aircraft are important assets in the military, as well as in civilian aviation. Today, the threat is not only in the battlespace but is also emerging and distributed throughout all the places where large aircraft operate. The threat has expanded due to new developments in advancing missile technology. This study is meant to be a comprehensive guide for non-technical aircrew and an introduction for technical personnel by defining threat ... |
|
| Project 3 - Molecular Evolution of Human PON to Design Enhanced Catalytic Efficiency for Hydrolysis of Nerve Agents |
01-Feb-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Dan Tawfik; J L Sussman; WEIZMANN INST OF SCIENCE REHOVOT (ISRAEL)
|
| The long-term objective of this effort is to develop a generic gene shuffling-based technology to rapidly screen libraries of 1010 proteins/peptides encoded by DNA libraries for identifying biomolecules that can intercept both existing and emerging organophosphate-based chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNA). The specific milestones for year 1 were (a) Proof of concept for the proposed technology; (b) Generation of 4-6 libraries based on recombinant PON1 and PON3 based on gene ... |
|
| Mechanism of Action of Botulinum Neurotoxin and Overview of Medical Countermeasures for Intoxication |
Jan-2008 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Adler; George Oyler; Frank J Lebeda; Sharad S Deshpande; James D Nicholson; James P Apland; Jaime Anderson; Charles B Millard; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs)* comprise a family of seven distinct neurotoxic proteins (A-G) produced by immunologically discrete strains of the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum and in rare cases by Clostridium baratii and Clostridium butyricum (Habermann and Dreyer, 1986; Harvey et al., 2002; Simpson, 2004). These toxins act on peripheral cholinergic synapses to inhibit spontaneous and impulse-dependent release of acetylcholine (ACh) (Brooks, 1956; Kao et al., 1976). Intoxication by BoNT results ... |
|
| Living in Interesting Times: The Economics of a Chinese Currency Attack |
Jan-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey E Haymond; AIR FORCE SPACE DEVELOPMENT AND TEST WING KIRTLAND AFB NM
|
| Several large near-peer competitors, such as Russia and China, have amassed large levels of dollar-denominated foreign exchange reserves. This raises concern that these states could deliberately sell off assets to harm the dollar's value. Currency attacks have historically been a part of warfare, and the recent advent of nation-states that have large reserves suggests it is possible that the United States could face this threat. Contemporary public discussion has often ... |
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| Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) in Iraq and Afghanistan: Effects and Countermeasures |
21 NOV 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Clay Wilson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Since October 2001, improvised explosive devices (IEDs, roadside bombs, and suicide car bombs) have been responsible for many of the combat deaths in Iraq and Afghanistan. Vehicle-borne IEDs and car bombs are now used to strike police stations, markets, and mosques, killing local citizens as well as U.S. troops. U.S. forces counter the devices through utilizing intelligence sources, and by disrupting portions of the radio spectrum that insurgents use to ... |
|
| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
15 NOV 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Jim Monke; Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. (These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases.) Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
04 OCT 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Jim Monke; Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases. Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
10 SEP 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Jim Monke; Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. (These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases.) Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| The National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility: Issues for Congress |
04 SEP 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Jim Monke; Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The agricultural and food infrastructure of the United States is potentially susceptible to terrorist attack using biological pathogens. In addition to the impacts of such an attack on the economy, some animal diseases could potentially be transmitted to humans. (These diseases are known as zoonotic diseases.) Scientific and medical research on plant and animal diseases may lead to the discovery and development of new diagnostics and countermeasures, reducing the risk ... |
|
| Masking a Compact AES S-box |
07 AUG 2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
David Canright; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| When the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is implemented in hardware or software, it may be vulnerable to side-channel attacks such as differential power analysis. One countermeasure against such attacks is adding a random mask to the data; this randomizes the statistics of the calculation at the cost of computing mask corrections. The single nonlinear step in each round of the AES algorithm is called the S-box, which involves the greatest ... |
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| Sea Mines and Countermeasures: A Bibliography. Revision |
JUL 2007 |
343 pages |
| Authors:
Greta E. Marlatt; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
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| The Proliferation and Illicit Trafficking of Small Arms and Light Weapons in the Great Lakes and Horn of Africa |
15 JUN 2007 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Aphaxard M. Kiugu; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| In Africa, the effect of the proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) continues to impact negatively on socioeconomic development, particularly within the Great Lakes and Horn of Africa (GLHA) subregion. Since 2000, several initiatives on the matter have been developed. Foremost among the subregional and regional initiatives are the Nairobi and Bamako declarations on the "African Common Position on the Illicit Proliferation, Circulation and Trafficking of Small Arms ... |
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| Effect of Atmospheric Background Aerosols on Biological Agent Detectors |
01 JUN 2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry G. Jensen; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP (SAIC) ALEXANDRIA VA
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| As part of the Kunsan Focused Effort (KFE), which was a project that sought to develop counter-biological warfare (C-BW) strategies and procedures designed to mitigate the impacts of BW attacks on Air Force operations, this technical report describes a project that examined both historic and contemporary studies related to background aerosol materials and biological weapon (BW) detection systems. The goal was to summarize how current BW detection systems are expected ... |
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| An Analysis of Botnet Vulnerabilities |
Jun-2007 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Sean W Hudson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| Botnets are a significant threat to computer networks and data stored on networked computers. The ability to inhibit communication between servers controlling the botnet and individual hosts would be an effective countermeasure. The objective of this research was to find vulnerabilities in Unreal IRCd that could be used to shut down the server. Analysis revealed that Unreal IRCd is a very mature and stable IRC server and no significant vulnerabilities ... |
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COUNTERMEASURES
