| Growth Studies of Probiotic Bacteria on Short Chain Glucomannan, a Potential Prebiotic Substrate |
05 Dec 2012 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne S Muller; STEVE ARCIDIACONO; Adam Liebowitz; Ken Racicot; Peter Stenhouse; Jason Soares; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
|
 | This report describes a 3-year study, completed in September 2009 by the Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, to investigate the prebiotic potential of glucomannan (GM) oligosaccharides as a novel dietary approach to assist in alleviating gastrointestinal distress in deployed troops. Konjac flour was enzymatically hydrolyzed using cellulase and β-mannanase. A comparison study was done with cellulase produced GM (GMc) and two commercial prebiotic substrates. All three substrates had ... |
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| Rough-Cut Capacity Planning in Multimodal Freight Transportation Networks |
30 Sep 2012 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B Hartlage; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| A main challenge in transporting cargo for United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) is in mode selection or integration. Demand for cargo is time sensitive and must be fulfilled by an established due date. Since these due dates are often in flexible, commercial carriers are used at an enormous expense, in order to fill the gap in organic transportation asset capacity. This dissertation develops a new methodology for transportation capacity assignment ... |
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| Control of Metastatic Colonization in Prostate Cancer: The Functional Mechanism of Metastasis Suppression by JNKK1/MKK4 |
Sep 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Russell Szmulewitz; CHICAGO UNIV IL
|
| The purpose of the award was to provide Dr. Szmulewitz with training in basic and translational prostate cancer (PC) research. The scientific focus is PC metastasis modeling and modulation of metastatic colonization (the specific outgrowth of microscopic disseminated cancer cells to overt macroscopic metastases) through the prostate cancer metastasis suppressor JNKK1/MKK4. In addition the scope of the award also includes key training opportunities. Over the third year of this award ... |
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| Targeting Pediatric Glioma with Apoptosis and Autophagy Manipulation |
Aug 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Amy Keating; COLORADO UNIV AURORA CO
|
| Gliomas are the most common and most deadly solid tumors that affect children. Treatment options are limited and cure rates are dismal. My laboratory has established that Mer and Axl receptor tyrosine kinase are aberrantly overexpressed in gliomas, and that inhibition of these RTKs leads to increased glioma cell apoptosis, decreased tumor cell survival and profoundly improved chemosensitivity. However, I have also recognized that Mer and Axl inhibition is associated ... |
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| The Role of Rho GTPases in Breast Cancer Migration and Invasion |
Apr 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery Smith; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| Rho-family GTPases are the major regulators of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Regulators of the GTPases include GEFs and GAPs, which control activation and deactivation, respectively, of this family of molecular switches. This study explores the role of the GEF Tiam2 in breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion, which was initially discovered using a siRNA screen in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Protein expression studies are performed using a panel of ... |
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| Genomic Analysis of Complex Microbial Communities in Wounds |
Jan 2012 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Lance B Price; TRANSLATIONAL GENOMICS RESEARCH INST PHOENIX AZ
|
| The work that we conducted was aimed at moving wound research beyond the limitations of culture-based microbial analyses to enable comprehensive characterization of wound colonization and to fully evaluate its impact on healing. We successfully developed a novel, culture-independent approach for characterizing wound microbiota; we succeeded in applying statistical tools to begin characterizing the impact of antibiotic therapies and diabetes on wound microbiota; we used our novel strategies to define ... |
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| Functional Genomics for Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer |
Oct 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Erik Thompson; MELBOURNE UNIV PARKVILLE (AUSTRALIA)
|
| To assess whether modulation of the PMC42-LA cell line by a library of shRNAmir constructs can cause tumorigenicity, the impact of a smaller boutique library is first being assessed, as proposed. This boutique library of 4,462 shRNA constructs targeting 1,860 markers and mediators of EMT, metastasis, migration, and BCSC has been transduced into the PMC42-LA cell line as a total pool and as ten smaller sub-pools. These were expanded in ... |
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| Morphodynamic Feedbacks During Vegetation Colonization of Tideflats |
30 Sep 2011 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
W G Hood; SKAGIT RIVER SYSTEM COOPERATIVE LACONNER WA
|
| The long-term goal of this effort is to understand interactions and feedbacks between biotic and physical process in tideflat morphodynamics. Investigated biotic processes consist primarily of vegetation colonization of tideflats. Physical process include those related to hydrodynamics: flow, sediment transport, salinity regime, inundation period, wave/storm disturbance, flood disturbance. Objectives: 1. To describe early vegetation colonization process in sandy tideflats. This would include determining rates of change, vegetation species involved, successional ... |
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| Control of Metastatic Colonization in Prostate Cancer: The Functional Mechanism of Metastasis Suppression by JNKK1/MKK4 |
Sep 2011 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Russell Szmulewitz; CHICAGO UNIV IL
|
| The purpose of the award was to provide Dr. Szmulewitz with training in basic and translational prostate cancer (PC) research. The scientific focus is PC metastasis modeling and modulation of metastatic colonization (the specific outgrowth of microscopic disseminated cancer cells to overt macroscopic metastases) through the prostate cancer metastasis suppressor JNKK1/MKK4. In addition the scope of the award also includes key training opportunities. Over the second year of this award ... |
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| The Role of Tumor Associated Macrophage in Recurrent Growth of Tumor Stem Cell |
Sep 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Aya Kobayashi; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SCHOOL OF MEDICINE SPRINGFIELD
|
| The pro-inflammatory microenvironment in the tumor is established by first recruiting various leukocytes including tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) which is believed to promote tumor growth and angiogenesis, suppress adaptive immunity, and hence remodel tumor microenvironment. According to the recent cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, recurrent tumor must arise from a dormant tumor stem cell whose re-growth is triggered by shifting of microenvironment. This project aims at clarifying the roles of TAM ... |
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| Persistence of Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM17938 in the Human Intestinal Tract: Response to Consecutive and Alternate-Day Consumption with Varying Storage Conditions |
25 Aug 2011 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Tracey J Smith; Danielle Anderson; Lee M Margolis; Anthony Sikes; Andrew J Young; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY NUTRITION DIV
|
| Probiotic-containing foods are consumed to enhance gastrointestinal (GI) health and immune function. How storage of probiotic-containing foods affects colonization and persistence of probiotics in the GI tract after the stored foods are consumed is undefined. Similarly, the amount or dose of probiotics that must be consumed to achieve colonization and persistence of probiotics in the GI tract is not known. Volunteers ate fresh pudding with Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 (L. reuteri; ... |
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| Volunteer Challenge With Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli That Express Intestinal Colonization Factor Fimbriae CS17 and CS19 |
01 Jul 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Robin McKenzie; Chad K Porter; Joyce A Cantrell; Barbara DeNearing Aisling; Shannon L Grahek; Stephanie A Sincock; Colleen Woods; Peter Sebeny; David A Sack; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD ENTERIC DISEASES DEPT
|
| Human challenges with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) have broadened our understanding of this important enteropathogen. We report findings from the first challenge studies using ETEC-expressing colonization factor fimbria CSI7 and CSI9. LSN03-016011/A (LT, CS17) elicited a dosedependent effect, with the upper dose (6 X 10(exp 9) organisms) causing diarrhea in 88% of recipients. WS0115A (LTSTp, CSI9) also showed a dose response, with a 44% diarrhea rate at 9 X 10(exp ... |
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| Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization of Combat-Injured Personnel at Admission to Medical Centers After Evacuation from Afghanistan and Iraq |
JUL 2011 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Duane R. Hospenthal; Helen K. Crouch; Judith F. English; Fluryanne Leach; Jane Pool; Nicholas G. Conger; Timothy J. Whitman; Glenn W. Wortmann; Janelle L. Robertson; Clinton K. Murray; SAN ANTONIO MILITARY MEDICAL CENTER FORT SAM HOUSTON TX INFECTIOUS DISEASE SERVICE
|
| Multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) infections, including those secondary to Acinetobacter (ACB) and extended spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species) have complicated the care of combat-injured personnel during Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom. Data suggest that the source of these bacterial infections includes nosocomial transmission in both deployed hospitals and receiving military medical centers (MEDCENs). Admission screening for MDRO colonization has been established to monitor this problem and ... |
|
| The Role Of Rho GTPases In Breast Cancer Migration And Invasion |
Apr 2011 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery Smith; SLOAN-KETTERING INST FOR CANCER RESEARCH NEW YORK
|
| Rho-family GTPases are the major regulators of the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton. Regulators of the GTPases include GEFs and GAPs, which control activation and deactivation, respectively, of this family of molecular switches. This study explores the role of the GEF Tiam2 in breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion, which was initially discovered using a siRNA screen in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Protein expression studies are performed using a panel of ... |
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| E-Cadherin as a Chemotherapy Resistance Mechanism on Metastatic Breast Cancer |
JAN 2011 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Yvonne Chao; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
|
| Metastasis contributes significantly to the mortality of breast cancer. The loss of E-cadherin expression is a critical event in the initiation of metastasis. However, these studies focus on the role of E-cadherin in dissemination but not colonization, or survival in a new organ environment, such as the liver, a main site of breast cancer metastasis. We hypothesize that signals from the liver cause breast cancer cells to undergo a mesenchymal ... |
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| Iridescent Virus and Nosema ceranae Linked to Honeybee Colony Collapse Disorder |
DEC 2010 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Charles H. Wick; Michael F. Stanford; Alan W. Zulich; Jerry J. Bromenshenk; Colin B. Henderson; Samir V. Deshpande; Patrick E. McCubbin; Rabih E. Jabbour; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| A consistent marker for Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) in the honeybee has been detected and identified by Mass Spectrometry based proteomics (MSP). The analysis of honeybees from commercial apiaries across the United States and from a research observation hive discovered an iridescent virus (Iriodoviridae, IIV) that was significantly discriminated among strong, failing, and collapsed honeybee colonies. A relationship between IIV and the Microsporidia Nosema was further discovered using the same ... |
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| Targeted Prevention or Treatment of Bacterial Biofilm Infections of Severe Burns and Wounds |
01 OCT 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Nick; NATIONAL JEWISH HEALTH DENVER CO
|
| Findings to date support the hypothesis that a dual therapeutic approach of targeted anti-inflammation and a biofilm specific antibiotic will significantly limit severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with serious burns and wounds. A 12-mer N2 peptide was synthesized to bind and competitively inhibit IgMCM-22 that recognizes self antigens on the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II (NMHC-II) that are exposed at the time of injury. An optimal dosing strategy was determined ... |
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| Myeloperoxidase in the Progression of Breast Cancer |
SEP 2010 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara M. Mueller; TORREY PINES INST FOR MOLECULAR STUDIES SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The main objective of this project is to establish whether myeloperoxidase (MPO) is protective in breast cancer. We will test this concept in mouse models of human breast cancer and predict that MPO will slow tumor growth, progression and metastasis. If MPO is protective, a likely mechanism is its role in macrophage-mediated killing of breast cancer cells. This idea will be also tested in this project. There are three Specific ... |
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| Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Peruvian Children |
Sep 2010 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
F P Rivera; T J Ochoa; R C Maves; M Bernal; A M Medina; R Meza; F Barletta; E Mercado; L Ecker; A I Gil; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of childhood diarrhea. The present study sought to determine the prevalence and distribution of toxin types, colonization factors (CFs), and antimicrobial susceptibility of ETEC strains isolated from Peruvian children. We analyzed ETEC strains isolated from Peruvian children between 2 and 24 months of age in a passive surveillance study. Five E. coli colonies per patient were studied by multiplex real-time PCR to ... |
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| Identification of Metastatic Tumor Stem Cell |
Sep 2010 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kounosuke Watabe; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SPRINGFIELD
|
| Tumor metastasis is an extremely inefficient process and only a fraction of cells in the primary tumor can successfully establish metastatic colonization. These cells by definition have a stem-like ability, but they also need to have an ability of metastasizing to other organs. Therefore, in addition to a tumor stem cell, an existence of a metastatic stem cell is predicted. Despite the critical importance of the concept, this idea has ... |
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| Pathogenesis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain 86-24 Following Oral Infection of BALB/c Mice with an Intact Commensal Flora |
Jan 2010 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Krystle L Mohawk; Angela R Melton-Celsa; Tonia Zangari; Erica E Carroll; Alison D O'Brien; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Escherichia coli 0 157:H7 is a food-borne pathogen that can cause hemorrhagic colitis and. occasionally. hemolytic uremic syndrome, a sequela of infection that can result in renal failure and death. Here we sought to model the pathogenesis of orally-administered E. coli 0157:H7 in BALB/c mice with an intact intestinal nora. First. we defined the optimal dose that permitted sustained fecal shedding of E. coli 0157:H7 over 7 days ( -109 ... |
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| Shear-enhanced Binding of Intestinal Colonization Factor Antigen l of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli |
Jan 2010 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Veronika Tchesnokova; Annette L McVeigh; Brian Kidd; Olga Yakovenko; Wendy E Thomas; Evgeni V Sokurenko; Stephen J Savarino; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD ENTERIC DISEASES DEPT
|
| In the intestine, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli works against peristaltic forces, adhering to the epithelium via the colonization factor antigen I (CFA/1) fimbria! adhesin CfaE. The CfaE adhesin is similar in localization and tertiary (but not primary) structure to FimH, the type 1 fimbria! adhesin of uropathogenic E. coli, which shows shear-dependent binding to epithelial receptors by an allosteric catch-bond mechanism. Thus, we speculated that CfaE is also capable of shear-enhanced ... |
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| The Role of Osteoblast-Derived Cytokines in Bone Metastatic Breast Cancer |
Jan 2009 |
208 pages |
| Authors:
Karen M Bussard; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK
|
| Breast cancer (BC) metastasizes to bone. While the mechanism for directed metastasis is unknown, the bone microenvironment likely provides a fertile soil for metastatic BC cells. Our purpose is to determine how OB-derived cytokines influence BC metastases to bone. Goals include investigating the production of OB-derived cytokines in response to BC cells or their conditioned medium (CM), the production of bone-derived cytokines in response to BC cells in vivo, the ... |
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| The Effects of Surface Texture, Flow, and Dissolved Cues from Biofilms on Settlement and Attachment of Fouling Organisms to Marine Coatings |
12 JAN 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Michael G. Hadfield; HAWAII UNIV AT MANOA HONOLULU
|
| This study investigated the effects of natural and man-made coatings on the settlement and adhesion of larvae of fouling organisms onto surfaces in realistic water-flow conditions characteristic of harbors, where the colonization of ships by fouling organisms takes place. The objectives were as follows: (1) supply larvae for experiments from target species representing different phyla, swimming capabilities, and attachment mechanisms; (2) measure water velocity profiles and turbulence near submerged surfaces ... |
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| Combined Inhibition of Chk1 and MEK1/2 Leads to Tumor Cell Death In Vivo |
SEP 2005 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Dent; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| In vitro colony formation studies demonstrated that UCN-01 and the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD184352 interacted to synergistically kill human mammary carcinoma cells (MDA-MB- 231, MCF7) . Athymic mice were implanted in the rear flank with either MDA-MB-231 or MCF7 cells and tumors permitted to form to a volume of 100 mm(exp 3) prior to a two day exposure of either Vehicle, PD184352 (25 mg/kg), UCN-01 (0.1-0.2 mg/kg) or the drug combination. ... |
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| Self-Disinfection and Decontaminating Interior Surfaces Based on Photocatalytic Titania/Easy-Release Coatings |
17 AUG 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Baier; Christopher M. Izzo; Paul J. Nicotera; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| We have demonstrated that easy-release qualities imparted by thin methyl-terminated silane coatings, when combined with catalytic disinfection by titanium dioxide particles embedded in or superficially attached to duct-liner fiberglass surfaces and coated fiberglass-based architectural fabrics, can improve the sanitary performance of HVAC air-handling systems. This project evaluated the application of such coatings/particles to duct-wall fiberglass surfaces and coated fibrous glass compositions. The surface modified materials were placed in a HEPA-filtered ... |
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| PC - Working Places and Conjunctival Germs |
JUN 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Helga Hahn; FERNWAERME WIEN GMBH VIENNA (AUSTRIA) DEPT OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
|
 | This study set out to answer the following question: Is it possible to draw conclusions bout workers' hygiene and the hygienic status of the mouse and keyboard from the conjunctival germ spectrum found at personal computer (PC) workstations? To find out, different workstations were investigated: those where the keyboard and mouse were used by only one employee, and those where the keyboard and mouse were used by several employees. The ... |
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| Orally Administered IL-6 Induces Elevated Intestinal GM-CSF Gene Expression and Splenic CFU-GM |
30 MAR 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
F. M. Rollwagen; T. A. Davis; Y. Y. Li; N. D. Pacheco; X. L. Zhu; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD
|
| Orally administered interleukin (IL)-6 has been shown to be of benefit in eliminating Campylobacter infection and in preventing sepsis following hemorrhage. In related experiments, it was seen that proliferating cells were found in the spleens of untreated mice given IL-6 by oral gavage. Injection of the DNA label, BrdU, showed that significant proliferation began at 4 h and peaked at 24 h in the splenic red pulp of animals given ... |
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| High-Throughput Generation of P. falciparum Functional Molecules by Recombinational Cloning |
2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Joao C. Aguiar; Joshua LaBaer; Peter L. Blair; Victoria Y. Shamailova; Malvika Koundinya; Joshua A. Russell; Fengying Huang; Wenhong Mar; Robert M. Anthony; Adam Witney; Sonia R. Caruana; Leonardo Brizuela; Jr. Sacci John B.; Stephen L. Hoffman; Daniel J. Carucci; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Large-scale functional genomics studies for malaria vaccine and drug development will depend on the generation of molecular tools to study protein expression. We examined the feasibility of a high-throughput cloning approach using the Gateway system to create a large set of expression clones encoding Plasmodium falciparum single-exon genes. Master clones and their ORFs were transferred en masse to multiple expression vectors. Target genes (n = 303) were selected using specific ... |
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| A Novel Approach to Increase Breast Cancer Chemosensitivity: Disruption of the Anti-Apoptotic Function of Translation Factor eIF4E |
OCT 2002 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Vitaly A. Polunovsky; MINNESOTA UNIV MINNEAPOLIS
|
| In this report we present data in support of Aim 3 of our project We demonstrate that ectopic expression of wild type or phosphorylation site mutants of 4E-BPl in breast cancer cells increases apoptosis, reduces the ability of cells to form colonies in vitro, and markedly inhibits xenograft tumor growth in vivo in a manner dependent on the potency of 4E-BPl to inhibit cap-dependent translation During in vitro and in ... |
|
| Is the 66-kDa Isoform of the Shc Adapter Protein a Tumor Suppressor for Growth-Factor-Receptor-Dependent Breast Cancers? |
JUL 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
A. R. Frackelton Jr.; Lisa Williams; Pamela Davol; ROGER WILLIAMS MEDICAL CENTER PROVIDENCE RI
|
| In contrast to its 46- and 52-kDa isoforms, the 66-kDa Shc protein functions as a feedback inhibitor of growth-factor signaling and as an apoptotic sensitizer to oxidative stress. Interestingly, p66 Shc is absent or expressed at reduced levels m most breast cancer cell lines. We have begun to explore the regulation of the p66 Shc isoform expression and to determine the role of its reduced expression in the neoplastic phenotype. ... |
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| Antimicrobial Coatings Obtained in an Atmospheric Pressure Dielectric Barrier Glow Discharge |
APR 2002 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Sabine Paulussen; Dirk Vangeneugden; Oliver Goossens; Erik Dekempeneer; FLEMISH INST FOR TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH(VITO) MOL (BELGIUM)
|
| This paper addresses the development of plasma polymer coatings that should prevent bacteria from adhering to medical devices, implants, textile fibers, packaging materials, etc. The two main parameters affecting bacterial colonization onto surfaces are the surface energy and the surface roughness. Both parameters can be adjusted by the deposition of a thin plasma polymer coating in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier glow discharge. According to SEM, FTIR, SPM, XPS and ... |
|
| Multidisciplinary Strategies in the Prevention and Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer |
SEP 2001 |
258 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel C. Mok; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
|
| This program project consists of 4 research projects. Project I studies genetic changes in microdissected microscopic Stage I ovarian cancer cells, and identify markers for early detection of the disease. Using state of the art technology, we have shown that different histological subtypes of ovarian cancer have different allelic loss profiles. Furthermore, we have also identified several candidate serum markers including prostasin, and GA733 autoantibody, which may be used as ... |
|
| Plant Material Selection and Acquisition |
MAY 2001 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Craig Fischenich; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Options for establishing vegetation along a stream corridor include (1) allowing for natural colonization, and (2) planting the desired vegetation. For viable natural colonization, there must be sources of seeds or vegetation propagules nearby that have access to the site. |
|
| Cripto-1 in Mammary Gland Development and Carcinogenesis |
DEC 2000 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Randall L. Kinter; H. L. Hosick; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PULLMAN
|
| The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of the growth factor Cripto-l (CR-1) in mammary development and carcinogenesis. During the final year of this grant we developed adenoviral vectors for the expression of CR-1 and cloned CR-3 from MCF-7 cells. We overexpressed CR-1 and CR-3 in MCF-7, Vero, and HC-11 cells, and found a dramatic difference in phenotype of the transduced cells. This may indicate that the ... |
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| Characterization of 3 Strains of Yersinia Pestis |
DEC 2000 |
|
| Authors:
B. Kournikakis; C. Bateman; J. W. Cherwonogrodzky; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELDRALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| We have characterized 3 strains of Yersinia pestis currently held in the culture collection at DRES by colonial morphology, antibiotic sensitivity and BiologTM metabolic identification profiles. On agar medium, colonies were round and waxy, resembling other Gram-negative cells such as Escherichia coli. Cultures grew better on Yersinia selective media than on trypticase soy agar or nutrient agar. Antibiotic sensitivities showed that the 3 strains were sensitive to aminoglycosides, the cephalosporins/ ... |
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| Characterization of 21 Strains of Bacillus Anthracis |
DEC 2000 |
|
| Authors:
B. Kournikakis; C. Bateman; J. W. Cherwonogrodzky; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELDRALSTON (ALBERTA)
|
| Twenty-one strains of Bacillus anthracis currently held in the culture collection at DRES were characterized by colonial morphology, antibiotic sensitivity and BiologTM metabolic identification profiles. Aside from Bacillus anthracis strain Vollum which appeared more "crusty" on blood plates, the other strains were similar, giving a characteristic "Greenland" appearance (rough edge, off-white to tan colouration). Most strains were resistant to ceftazidime, colistin, bacitracin, polymyxin B and sensitive to the other antibiotics ... |
|
| Antagonistic Action of Hyaluronan Oligomers in Breast Cancer |
NOV 2000 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Jeanine Ward; Rebecca Peterson; Bryan P. Toole; TUFTS UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| The objective of this project was to determine whether hyaluronan interactions are involved in growth and invasion of tumor cells, especially mammary carcinoma. Our working hypothesis is that polymeric hyaluronan interacts in a multivalent manner with cell surface receptors such as CD44, thus inducing clustering of these receptors and concomitant intracellular signaling that leads to altered cell behavior typical of tumor cells. To test this hypothesis, two means of perturbing ... |
|
| Bone Factors Regulating the Osteotropism of Metastastic Breast Cancer |
OCT 2000 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Peter V. Hauschka; CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL CORP BOSTON MA
|
| Malignant breast adenocarcinoma cells mimic osteoblasts, a critical step in their metastatic colonization and destruction of bone. CBFAl, a transcription factor responsible for normal osteoblast differentiation, is expressed inappropriately by the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-23 1, and about 2-fold more strongly by a subline Ml, recovered from an osteolytic bone metastasis of MDA-MB-23 1 in a nu/nu mouse. CBFAl expression was not detected in normal breast epithelium (HMEC ... |
|
| Plant Material Acquisition, Layout, and Handling for Flood Control Projects |
SEP 2000 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
J. C. Fischenich; Dinah N. McComas; Hollis H. Allen; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| This report focuses on consideration related to the acquisition, handling, and placement of the vegetation for bioengineering treatments and riparian restoration efforts associated with flood control projects. Successful designs are based on consideration of hydraulic impacts and environmental benefits, the anticipated soils and hydrology, and the approach by which the vegetation is obtained, handled, and installed. Selection of species type and their acquisition; guidelines for the design of riparian buffer ... |
|
| Novel Approaches to Preventing Urinary Tract Infection in Women |
SEP 2000 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Ann E. Stapleton; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
|
| Urinary tract infections (UTIs), generally caused by Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus, are extremely common among young women. Although UTIs can be treated, we currently lack effective means to prevent frequently UTIs, which occur in 25% of women with first UTI. A necessary prerequisite to UTI is adherence of uropathogens to the vaginal and bladder epithelium. This report describes the fourth year of progress in a project that defines uropathogenic ... |
|
| Modulation of Adhesion Molecule Expression on Prostate Tumor Cells AfterCo-Culture With Eosinophilic Cell Lines |
OCT 1999 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Paulette Furbert-Harris; HOWARD UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| We have demonstration that cell lines developed from metrizamide density fractions of peripheral blood hypodense (.22) and hyperdense (.24) eosinophils significantly inhibited LNCaP3, PC3, DU145 and HPC1 monolayer growth cultures in vitro. This activity was enhanced when the eosinophils were pretreated with interleukin-5. DU145 and PC3 colony formation was inhibited 50- 75% by eosinophil cell lines, while peripheral blood eosinophils inhibited PC3 colony formation by ... |
|
| Risk Factors for Chorioamnion Infection and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Among Active-Duty Military Women and Dependent Women |
OCT 1999 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Gail H. Cassell; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| Cervicovaginal ureaplasmal infection alone is not predictive of preterm birth. Only a subpopulation of women infected in the lower genital tract are at risk for chorioamnion invasion and premature birth. The major goal of the proposed study is to identify microbiologic factors that predispose to and/or predict chorioamnion invasion and premature birth. This study will determine if the presence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a risk factor for ureaplasmal invasion ... |
|
| Ultrasonic Disinfection of Water Suspensions of Escherichia Coli and Legionella Pneumophila |
05 APR 1999 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Victor F. Evora; George J. Kavarnos; NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE CENTER NEWPORT DIV RI
|
| This report describes an experiment in which water samples inoculated with Escherichia (E.) coil and Legionella (L.) pneumophila organisms were exposed to ultrasonic energy. It was found that treating these samples with pulses of ultrasound for at least 15 minutes at a 50% amplitude virtually eliminated the E. coil colonies. Longer exposure times were required to completely destroy L. pneumophila. Although the water samples experienced slight warming during the course ... |
|
| Interactions of Small-scale Physical Mixing Processes with the Structural Morphology and Bloom Dynamics of Non-spheroid Diatoms |
30 Sep 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jan Rines; Percy Donaghay; RHODE ISLAND UNIV NARRAGANSETT GRADUATE SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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| Our long term goal is to understand the ecology of the large, colonial diatoms which frequently dominate the phytoplankton of coastal shelves, upwelling areas, fjords and banks. We are interested in ways in which species-specific properties, including colony size and shape interact with small scale physical mixing processes to regulate the spatio-temporal distribution of diatoms. We wish to understand these processes in sufficient detail to be able to predict bloom ... |
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| TGFa-myc Interactions in Mammary Tumorigenesis |
SEP 1998 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Robert B. Dickson; GEORGETOWN UNIV WASHINGTON DC
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| This grant continues to study the nature of the synergistic interaction of the growth factor TGFa and the nuclear protooncogene product c- myc for bitransgenic mouse mammary tumorigenesis. We found evidence of a multifactoral interaction of the two genes, involving cooperative stimulation of proliferation, anchorage independent colony formation, and suppression of cell death (apoptosis). In addition, we observed that the TGF alpha-related growth factor amphiregulin ... |
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| Investigations of Functional and Structural Interactions Between c-src and HER2: Involvement in Human Breast Tumor Formation |
JUL 1998 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Allison P. Belsches; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE
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| Overexpression of HER family members and c-Src occurs in a majority of human breast cancers, suggesting the two tyrosine kinases may cooperate during neoplastic transformation. Synergism between c-Src and HER1 in tumorigenesis has been demonstrated in a murine fibroblast model and supported by studies in human breast cancer cells. To investigate whether c-Src/HER2 interactions may also play a role in breast tumor progression, we characterized a panel of thirteen human ... |
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| New and Improved Methods for Monitoring Air Quality and the Terrestrial Environment: Applications at Aberdeen Proving Ground-Edgewood Area |
MAR 1998 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry J. Bromenshenk; Garon C. Smith; MONTANA UNIV MISSOULA
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| Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have been shown to be multi-media monitors of chemical exposures and resultant effects. This five-year project has developed an automated system to assess in real-time colony behavioral responses to stressors, both anthropogenic and natural, including inclement weather. Field trials at the Aberdeen Proving Ground-Edgewood included the Old O Field and J field landfills, the Canal Creek and Bush River areas, and a Churchville, MD reference ... |
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| Bioluminescence and Symbiosis |
MAY 97 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Edward G. Ruby; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES OFFICE OF CONTRACTS AND GRANTS ADMINISTRATION
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| The objectives of this research are: (1) examine symbiotic competitive dominance in genetically distinct Vibrio Fischeri; (2) identify nonculturable but viable and symbiotically active V. Fischeri cells in seawater; (3) develop molecular genetic tools and approaches in symbiotic strains of V. Fischeri; (4) identify the 'microecological' characteristics of the environment of the symbiotic squid light organ crypts using defined mutant strains V. Fischeri; and, (5) determine the identity of symbiotic ... |
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| Combination Therapy for Radiation-Induced Bone Marrow Aplasia in Nonhuman Primates Using Synthokine SC-55494 and Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor |
15 MAY 1996 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas J. MacVittle; Ann M. Farese; Francis Herodin; Lisa B. Grab; Charles M. Baum; John P. McKearn; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
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| Combination cytokine therapy continues to be evaluated in an effort to stimulate multilineage hematopoietic reconstitu- tion after bone marrow myelosuppression. This study evalu- ated the efficacy of combination therapy with the synthetic interleukin-3 receptor agonist, Synthokine-SC55494, and recombinant methionyl human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on platelet and neutrophil recovery in nonhuman primates exposed to total body 700 cGy 60Co gamma radiation. After irradiation on day (d) 0, cohorts of animals ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
COLONIES(BIOLOGY)
