| Iraq: Strategic Reconciliation, Targeting, and Key Leader Engagement |
Sep-2009 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Jeanne F Hull; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
 | When discussing new approaches to the insurgency in Afghanistan, General David Petraeus emphasized that his experiences in Iraq had reinforced the notion that You cannot kill or capture your way out of an insurgency. That statement acknowledges that success for U.S. forces in counterinsurgency operations is the result of a combination of persuasive and coercive measures applied against insurgent organizations and their bases of support. Some of the key principles ... |
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| Power Generation by Harvesting Ambient Energy with a Micro-Electromagnetic Generator |
Mar-2009 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
James Shields; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This thesis investigated the potential power output of micro-electromagnetic generators fabricated using typical microfabrication materials and techniques. The design was intended to eliminate the need for batteries in bio-implanted or remote electronic devices. Such a micro-generator could harvest ambient energy and power such devices inde?nitely. Using electromagnetic theory, designs for the magnet's stator coil and rotor magnets were optimized to produce maximum current density. A method for overlaying two evaporated ... |
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| Capstone Concept for Joint Operations, Version 3.0 |
15-Jan-2009 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The fundamental purpose of military power is to deter or wage war in support of national policy. In these capacities, military power is a coercive instrument, designed to achieve by force or the threat of force what other means cannot. While it may be employed in more benign ways for a variety of important purposes across a wide range of situations, these other uses should not be allowed to imperil ... |
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| Asian Security Following PRC Unification with Taiwan |
18-Mar-2008 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Peter J Mattes; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The possibility of the use of coercive action by the People's Republic of China (PRC) to unify with Taiwan cannot be ignored given the continuing priority placed upon the Taiwan issue by the PRC. China's regional and global rise to prominence will make dealing with the aftermath of forced unification a sensitive subject for all nations. This paper will address the potential reactions and policies of four countries in the ... |
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| Military Ethics in Counterinsurgency: a New Look at an Old Problem |
14 DEC 2007 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Shinn Theodore K.; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| For military operations, the counterinsurgency environment is perhaps the most complicated and arduous environment in history. Often, government and military leaders are unsure how conventional forces should deal with an inferior enemy who stays hidden in the population. Leaders at all levels wrestle with the conflicting operational designs based on whether insurgents can be directly engaged and defeated tactically or whether the support of the populace has to be won ... |
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| Confronting the Ghost of Stalin: Euro-Atlantic Efforts to Secure Georgia |
DEC 2007 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
Paul F. Geehreng; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Since achieving independence in 1991 with the fall of the Soviet Union, Georgia has become the most westward-oriented state in the Transcaucasus. The government in Tbilisi has departed from two centuries of union with Russia and vigorously pursued NATO membership as an avenue for restoration of its full sovereignty, domestic reform, economic development, and Euro-Atlantic integration. This first objective has been hampered by Russian-backed separatist regimes in Abkhazia and South ... |
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| A Further Look at Technologies and Capabilities for Stabilization and Reconstruction Operations |
SEP 2007 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Chait; Albert Sciarretta; John Lyons; Charles Barry; Dennis Shorts; Duncan Long; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY
|
| In a previous study on technology for stabilization and reconstructions operations, hereafter SRO(I), the authors evaluated current stabilization and reconstruction (S&R) operations requirements and identified for Dr. Tom Killion, the Army Science and Technology (S&T) Executive, areas in which Army capabilities could be improved with advanced technologies. Stabilization and reconstruction operations establish, retain, and exploit security and control over areas, populations, and resources to employ military capabilities to restore essential ... |
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| Addressing Constructions of Bullying in the British Army: A Framework for Analysis |
Aug-2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Kirke; DEFENCE ACADEMY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM SHRIVENHAM (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| 'Bullying' in the British Army has attracted a great amount of media and political attention in recent years. However, whilst there is near-universal agreement that 'bullying' is morally wrong and bad for individual and institutional morale, the implied or assumed meaning of the word 'bullying' seems to vary among those making statements about it. In effect, uses of the word 'bullying' when applied to the British Army are constructed in ... |
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| Within the Walls: An Analysis of Sexual Harassment and Sexual Coercion at Naval Consolidated Brig Miramar |
DEC 2006 |
193 pages |
| Authors:
Robert M. Collins; Suzanne M. Johnson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis explores sexual harassment and sexual coercion among prisoners and staff at Naval Consolidated Brig (NAVCONBRIG) Miramar. The data come from two surveys (one for staff and one for prisoners), which were administered in June and August 2006, respectively. This thesis begins with a review of relevant literature and discussion of reporting procedures, and an overview of the fear of reprisal associated with reporting incidents of sexual harassment coercion. ... |
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| Air Power: A Decisive Coercive Strategy? |
23 OCT 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Van der Veer David G.; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Over the last 15 years US military and political leaders have turned to air power as the primary or sole military instrument of power during many conflicts. Air power is viewed as a rapid and low risk option to be used in a coercive strategy. This paper examines air power's role during Operation ALLIED FORCE in Kosovo and the recent Israeli-Hezbollah conflict in southern Lebanon. This paper defines the concept ... |
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| Tasks Important to Soldier Success in Stability and Reconstruction Operations |
16 JUN 2006 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Charles W. Reed; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| When the United States Army found itself at a crux between the end of major combat operations and the beginning of stability and reconstruction operations (S&RO) in March 2003, executing coercive and cooperative actions simultaneously beget new challenges to soldiers in a full-spectrum operation environment, such as Iraq. The Central Command (CENTCOM) commander's task list provides a document from which units can develop a training plan. Leaders preparing their units ... |
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| What is the Role of Negotiations When Countering an Insurgency |
JUN 2006 |
128 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence W. Henry; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Within today's irregular warfare environment, negotiations with insurgents are difficult because, in part, insurgents are often characterized as terrorists. Early in the Iraqi conflict, there was a perceived notion that the insurgent and terrorist were morphing into one entity. This perceived morphing has, arguably, influenced some US policy makers and senior military leaders to be very reluctant to negotiate with Iraqi Insurgents. Acknowledging such a reluctance, this thesis will focus ... |
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| Coercive Airpower in the Twenty First Century |
APR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
David A. Mineau; AIR COMMAND AND STAFF COLL MAXWELL AFB AL
|
 | The classical airpower theorists promoted air forces as a revolutionary new combat and capable of destroying the moral resistance of the enemy. Speaking about the effects of aerial bombardment, Giulio Douhet said, "A complete breakdown of the social structure cannot but take place in a country subjected to this kind of merciless pounding from the aft. The time would soon come when, driven by the instinct of self-preservation, would rise ... |
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| Cluster-Assembled Soft Magnets for Power Electronics Applications |
22 MAR 2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Diandra L. Leslie-Pelecky; NEBRASKA UNIV LINCOLN DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| This project used inert-gas condensation (IGC) to fabricate model nanostructured systems with the goal of better understanding the mechanisms responsible for decreasing the coercivity in soft magnetic materials. A new model system, Gd-Fe, was developed and investigated using IGC and melt spinning techniques. Atomic-level structural data acquired with synchrotron techniques was correlated to the magnetic properties of the materials. |
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| Coercion and Governance in China: Analyzing Civil-Military Relations in the Post-Deng Era Using Multiah Alagappa's Analytical Framework |
MAR 2006 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew H. Tam; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis applies Multiah Alagappa's framework for analyzing civil-military relations in the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the post-Deng era, when several key developments have fundamentally altered the relationship between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the People's Liberation Army (PLA). These developments include the absence of a powerful paramount leader, the generational shifts in the civilian and militant leaderships, the increasing professionalization of the PLA, the decline of ... |
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| 2004 Sexual Harassment Survey of Reserve Component Members |
01 JUN 2005 |
145 pages |
| Authors:
Rachel N. Lipari; Anita R. Lancaster; Alan M. Jones; DEFENSE MANPOWER DATA CENTER ARLINGTON VA
|
| This report provides results for the 2004 Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of Reserve Component Members. This is the Department of Defense's (DoD) first sexual harassment survey of Reserve members. The Department conducted three sexual harassment surveys of active-duty members in the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force and Coast Guard in 1988, 1995, and 2002. The Reserve sexual harassment survey was modeled after the active duty surveys. The overall ... |
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| The Evolution of Airpower Theory and Future Air Strategies for Employment in the Gap |
16 MAY 2005 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Francis M. Brown; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Thomas P.M. Barnett, in his book "The Pentagon's New Map: War and Peace in the Twenty-First Century," predicts future United States military involvement to be focused in the disconnected regions of the world he calls the Gap. He theorizes that the overall goal of the use of U.S. instruments of power in the Gap is to connect these disconnected states to the world's functioning democracies that he labels the Core. ... |
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| Optical Investigation of Transition Metal Implanted Wide Band Gap Semiconductors |
MAR 2005 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Brian P. Feller; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT/DEPT OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS
|
| Thin films of GaN, Al(sub 0.1)Ga(sub 0.9)N, and ZnO were implanted with Cr, Mn, and nickel Ni to produce dilute magnetic semiconductors. Optical and magnetic techniques were used to evaluate crystal structure restoration and coercive field strength as a function of implant species and annealing temperature. Maximum crystal restoration was obtained for Al(sub 0.1)Ga(sub 0.9) N after annealing at 675 C; for Cr implanted p-GaN after annealing at 750 C; ... |
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| Innovative Diplomacy: A New Approach Towards Iran |
2004 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
J. C. Kennedy; NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| "For a secure and hopeful life, the world needs innovative approaches and measures. Let us build a collective coalition for peace instead of war." This quote comes not from Secretary of State Colin Powell or President George W. Bush but from Ali Mohammad Khatami, President of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Although President Khatami was not speaking directly to the United States, his call for "innovative approaches and measures" is ... |
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| Shock Effect or Ships Passing in the Night: The Role of Armored Forces in Fourth Generation Warfare |
23 JUN 2003 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey S. Settle; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| In a time where the role of heavy mechanized units seems to play a secondary part to the rapid deployability and lightning-quick raids conducted by light forces, understanding how "shock battle" can still be waged at the operational and tactical level breathes new life into the question of how heavy forces contribute in a "Fourth Generation" conflict. The armor community has long wrestled with the question of how to best ... |
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| New Development of Rapid-Solidified Fe-Ga Sensor/Actuator Alloy |
17 JUN 2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
T. Okazaki; Y. Furuya; C. Saito; T. Watanabe; M. Wuttig; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| Rapid-solidification method was applied to make Fe-15at%Ga and Fe- 17at%Ga ribbons of 100 micrometers thickness. These ribbons have large magnetostriction of 270 ppm, where the coercive force exhibits a maximum value. The phenomenon is related to special metallic texture, that is, the ribbon has strongly 001-oriented textured fine columnar microstructure with grain size of 2-5 micrometers. The ribbon has little-hysteresis loop of magnetostriction and a good ductility (i.e., full bending ... |
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| "Shock And Awe:" An Operational Art Critique |
16 MAY 2003 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Frank S. Linkous; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The great technological leaps in communications, information technology and precision munitions have spawned a "Revolution in Military Affairs" that seeks to leverage the information age to produce a new paradigm of warfare. One product of this revolution is the concept of "Shock and Awe", which advocates achieving rapid dominance of an adversary by the application of military force of such magnitude, precision and swiftness that it stuns the enemy, breaks ... |
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| Development of Artificial Y-Type Hexaferrites |
01 MAY 2003 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
C. Vittoria; NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| We have developed a technique to orient particles of Y-type hexaferrite in which the c-axis of the particles are oriented perpendicular to a plane As such, that plane becomes necessarily the easy plane of magnetization. For microwave device application the easy plane of magnetization is chosen as the plane to deposit a metallic microstrip and related circuit patterns. The technique entails the rotation of an external magnetic field in the ... |
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| Influence of the Laser Repetition Rate on Crystalline Structure, Composition, and Magnetic Properties of Laser Deposited Y3Fe5O12/Gd3Ga5O12(111) Films |
03 APR 2003 |
|
| Authors:
S. Kahl; V. P. Denysenkov; S. I. Khartsev; S. Kranzusch; A. M. Grishin; ROYAL INST OF TECHNOLOGY STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN) CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
|
| Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) films have been deposited onto single crystal Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. For a given set of experimental parameters, the oxygen background pressure and substrate temperature were optimized to achieve the narrowest ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) lines. The repetition rate was then varied from 10 to 50 Hz. There is a clear transition from films with low saturation magnetization 4 pi M (sub S) ^^300 Gs, high ... |
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| Identification of Magnetic Materials By Discrete Fourier Analysis |
20 FEB 2003 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Martha Pardavi-Horvath; GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV WASHINGTON DC
|
| A novel approach, linking microstructural effects, magnetic measurements, and signal processing methods, was developed to analyze, identify and compare magnetic materials. The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) was applied to DC remanent magnetization curves (RHL) and to Switching Field Distribution (SFD). It was shown analytically how the an, bn Fourier coefficients depend on the width of SFD, on the coercivity, and on the highest applied field. The field and the coercivity ... |
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| Counterinsurgency and Operational Art: Is the Joint Campaign Planning Model Adequate? |
2003 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas E. Miller; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The United States has conducted or supported more than a dozen counterinsurgencies in the 20th century. The emerging strategic environment indicates that the US will be involved with counterinsurgencies in the future and there appears to exist operational shortfalls in the knowledge, planning, and execution of counterinsurgency. To manage the increasing complexity of the counterinsurgency environment, a coherent planning model based in operational art is needed in order to achieve ... |
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| Confronting Iraq's WMD Threat: Coercive Inspections or Military Intervention |
2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence S. Reed; NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| Liddell Hart's well-known observation highlights that wars are ultimately judged by their direct and indirect political consequences. Although coalition forces were able to achieve the limited political objectives of the Persian Gulf War, they were unable to eliminate the key factor that led to military intervention, the aggressive behavior of Saddam Hussein.2 Deterrence and containment have since become central to our post-war confrontation with Iraq. Unfortunately, containment is fracturing after ... |
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| Arc Plasma Synthesis of Nanostructured Fe Powder |
2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Gil-Geun Lee; Sung-Duck Kim; PUKYONG NATIONAL UNIV BUSAN (KOREA) DIV OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| To investigate the effect of the parameters of the arc plasma process on the characteristics of the iron nano powder, the hydrogen volume fraction in the powder synthesis atmosphere was changed from 10% to 50%. The particle size, phase structure and magnetism of the synthesized iron powder were studied using the FE-TEM, XRD and a vibration magnetometer at room temperature. The particle size increased simultaneously with the increase in the ... |
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| Interdiffusion, Crystallinity and Exchange Bias in Mn(x)Pt(1-x)/Co Bilayers |
2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Erie H. Morales; Yikuan Wang; D. Lederman; WEST VIRGINIA UNIV MORGANTOWN DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The structure of the antiferromagnet (AF) in the Ta/Mn(x)Pt(1-x)/Co/Ta system must have the facecentered tetragonal CuAu structure in order to obtain a measurable exchange bias (H(sub E)). The formation of this structure has an onset temperature of approximately 240 degrees C. Increasing the annealing temperature increases the amount of CuAu ordering, which increases H(sub E), and also increases the MnPt/Co interdiffusion, which decreases H(sub E). These two competing processes result ... |
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| Final Report for Grant of Properties of Magnetic Multilayer and Microstructures |
26 JUL 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
R. E. Camley; D. L. Mills; COLORADO UNIV AT COLORADO SPRINGS
|
| This report describes research done on the basic physics of magnetic multilayers and microstructures. Among the problems studied were 1) Exchange Bias and Coercive Fields in Ferromagnet/Antiferromagnet Structures we examined how these parameters depended on temperature and on surface roughness 2) Microwave Response of Microstructures Filters and Phase Shifters. Here we looked at exchange-spring systems, mictrostrip and coplanar notch filters and phase shifters using metallic ferromagnets. 3) Damping Mechanisms in ... |
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| High Performance (Nd,Pr)-(Fe,Co)-B Magnets |
31 MAY 2002 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
George C. Hadjipanayis; DELAWARE UNIV NEWARK
|
| This project was focused on the advanced Nd(Pr)-Fe-B based magnets. The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to develop high performance nanocomposite R2Fe14B/alpha-Fe magnets through adjustments in chemical compositions and processing conditions; and (2) to investigate the effect of small substitutions on the coercivity of the higher energy product (BH)m Nd-Fe-B sintered magnets in an attempt to increase their coercivity without decreasing much their remanent magnetization. The studies on ... |
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| Magnetic Material Arrangement In Apis Mellifera Abdomens |
APR 2002 |
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| Authors:
Darci M. Esquivel; Eliane Wajnberg; Geraldo R. Cernicchiaro; Daniel Acosta-Avalos; B. E. Garcia; PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DO RIODE JANEIRO (BRAZIL)
|
| Honeybees are the most studied insects in the magnetic orientation research field. Experiments on the magnetic remanence of honeybees have shown the presence of magnetite nanoparticles aligned transversely to the body axis on the anterodorsal abdomen horizontal plane. These results support the hypothesis of ferromagnetic sensors for the magnetoreception mechanism. An Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) study identified isolated magnetite nanoparticles and aggregates of these particles with a low temperature transition ... |
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| USAF Airpower in War: Pursuit of Destructive, Discriminant, and Coercive Effects |
APR 2002 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Vicki J. Rast; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The debate regarding airpower's ability to contribute to victory in war continues to overshadow the real issues related to its ability to achieve desired effects in war. The USAAF/USAF experience demonstrates that the pursuit of "destruction" dominated almost 80 years of airpower thought, development, and employment. A second period revolves around Operation Desert Storm, the first parallel use of airpower to achieve strategic effects through discriminant targeting. Marked as the ... |
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| Conventional Coercion Across the Spectrum of Operations The Utility of US Military Forces in the Emerging Security Environment |
2002 |
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| Authors:
David E. Johnson; Karl P. Mueller; William H. Taft V; RAND ARROYO CENTER SANTA MONICA CA
|
| The United States, despite its unrivaled political and military power in the post-Cold War era, faces an international security environment inherently more ambiguous and potentially less stable than at any time since the end of World War II. Furthermore, because of the inherent complexity of the situation- coupled with the absence of the principal organizing intellectual construct for the uses of national power that guided the containment of the Soviet ... |
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| Coercive Warfare and Gradual Escalation Confronting the Bogeyman |
2002 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Steven G. Gray; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| This monograph answers the question of whether operational air commanders have the necessary doctrinal tools to plan for effective airpower employment in gradually escalated, coercive warfare. It concludes that current Air Force doctrine does not adequately address coercive warfare. Given the question and answer, several secondary questions flow from them and are addressed in successive chapters: (1) What do the terms gradual escalation and coercive warfare mean and how do ... |
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| Study of NiFe/SiO2 Nanocomposites |
NOV 2001 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
S. Hui; Y. D. Zhang; T. D. Xiao; Mingzhong Wu; Shihui Ge; INFRAMAT CORP FARMINGTON CT
|
| (Ni75Fe25)(sub v)/(SiO2)(sub 1-v) nanocomposites with v= 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0, where 75 denotes the atomic percent of Ni in the Ni-Fe alloy phase and v denotes the volume fraction of the magnetic constituent in the composite, were synthesized using a wet chemical approach. The x-ray diffraction and TEM experiments show that the synthetic NiFe/SiO2 is a two-phase composite system in that an amorphous insulating SiO2 layer coats each Ni-Fe particle. ... |
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| The Coercivity - Remanence Tradeoff in Nanocrystalline Permanent Magnets |
NOV 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Laura H. Lewis; David C. Crew; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL SCIENCES DIV
|
| The energy product (BH)(sub max) is a figure of merit quantifying the maximum amount of useful work that can be performed by the magnet. The energy product is determined by the magnetic remanence and the coercivity which, as extrinsic properties, are determined by the magnets' microstructure. Thus, in principle, magnetic material microstructures may be tailored to obtain defined parameters to produce optimal permanent magnets. However, as asserted by the eponymous ... |
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| Using Ion Beams to Modify Nanocrystalline Composites: Co Nanoparticles in Sapphire |
NOV 2001 |
|
| Authors:
A. Meldrum; K. S. Beaty; M. Lam; C. W. White; R. A. Zuhr; ALBERTA UNIV CALGARY DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Ion implantation and thermal processing were used to create a layer of Co nanoclusters embedded in the near-surface region of single-crystal sapphire. The Co nanoparticles ranged in size from 2-20 nm and were crystallographically aligned with the host sapphire. Specimens were irradiated with Xe and Pt ions, and the microstructural evolution of the nanoclusters was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. With increasing Pt or Xe ion dose, the Co nanoparticles ... |
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| A Model for Rate-Dependent Hysteresis in Piezoceramic Materials Operating at Low Frequencies |
SEP 2001 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ralph C. Smith; Zoubeida Ounaies; Robert Wieman; INSTITUTE FOR COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING HAMPTON VA
|
| This paper addresses the modeling of certain rate-dependent mechanisms which contribute to hysteresis inherent to piezoelectric materials operating at low frequencies. While quasistatic models are suitable for initial material characterization in some applications, the reduction in coercive field and polarization values which occur as frequencies increase must be accommodated to achieve the full capabilities of the materials. The model employed here quantifies the hysteresis in two steps. In the first, ... |
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| Seeking Middle Ground: Reconciling Political Appeal With Military Distaste For Gradual Escalation |
MAY 2001 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
R. C. Stockton; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| The Vietnam War and Operation Allied Force are two examples of coercive strategy characterized by gradual escalation of violence. They both involved significant discord between policy makers and the military leaders called upon to execute the strategy; they stand in stark contrast to Operation Desert Storm, where gradualism was not used and in which there was apparently much greater harmony and integration. This monograph explores the sources of that tension, ... |
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| Novel Quaso-Phase-Matched Devices in Periodically Pole Lithium Nobate |
MAY 2001 |
108 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen M. Russell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
|
| The ability to engineer novel quasi-phase-matched (QPM) structures in bulk periodically poled ferroelectric crystals has led to the development of a wide variety of innovative QPM devices. Lithium niobate has been the material of choice in many of these devices due to its large nonlinear coefficient (d33 ^ 27 pm/V), low cost, and wide availability. However, its large coercive field (^ 2 1 kV/mm) has limited fabrication of periodically poled ... |
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| Modification of the Magnetic Properties of Longitudinal Thin-Film Media by Ion-Beam Irradiation |
APR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Jason D. Wright; Kannan M. Krishnan; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKLEY DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
|
| The modification of conventional longitudinal recording media by ion-beam irradiation is of both scientific and technological interest. In particular, patterning by irradiation through a stencil mask at the 50 nm length scale may fulfill the promise of a commercially viable patterned media architecture. In this context, the magnetic properties and microstructure evolution of high-coercivity longitudinal thin film media were investigated after ion-beam irradiation. TRIM simulations were used to calculate the ... |
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| Effect of Iron Substitution on the High-Temperature Properties of Sm(Co,Cu,Ti)z Permanent Magnets |
APR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Jian Zhou; Ralph Skomski; David J. Sellmyer; Wei Tang; George C. Hadjipanayis; DELAWARE UNIV NEWARK DEPT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY
|
| Recently, Ti-substituted Sm-Co permanent magnets have attracted renewed attention due to their interesting high-temperature coercivity. Our presentation deals with the effect of iron substitutions on the magnetic properties of the materials. X-ray diffraction shows that the investigated Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Ti)(sub z) materials (z = 7.0 - 7.6) are two-phase magnets, consisting of 1:5 and 2:17 regions. The iron content affects both the coercivity and the magnetization. Depending on composition and heat treatment, ... |
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| Magnetic Properties of Self-Assembled Fe Nanoparticle Arrays |
APR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
D. Farrell; S. Yamamuro; S. A. Majetich; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The magnetic properties of multilayer arrays of Fe nanoparticles were compared with those of frozen, dilute suspensions of the same particles. The array sample displayed larger coercivity in both hysteretic and remanent magnetization measurements. However, the derivative of the remanent magnetization curve shows a much broader switching field distribution for the arrays than for the dilute sample. Magnetic relaxation measurements show the convergence of the time dependent properties of the ... |
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| Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Films Containing FeCoPt Nanoparticles |
APR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Min Chen; David E. Nikles; ALABAMA UNIV TUSCALOOSA CENTER FOR MATERIALS FOR INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY
|
| Fe49Co7Pt44 and Fe40Co17Pt43 nanoparticles were synthesized by simultaneous chemical reduction of platinum acetylacetonate and cobalt acetylacetonate and thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl. As-prepared the particles had a disordered face-centered cubic lattice with an average diameter of 3.2 nm and were superparamagnetic. These particles were well dispersed in a 50/50 mixture of hexane and octane. The particles self-assembled into ordered superlattices when deposited onto carbon coated Cu TEM grids or onto ... |
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| Effects of Substrates on the Self-Assembling of FePt Nanocrystals |
APR 2001 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Min Chen; David E. Nikles; ALABAMA UNIV TUSCALOOSA CENTER FOR MATERIALS FOR INFORMATION AND TECHNOLOGY
|
| Fe48Pt52 nanoparticles were synthesized by the simultaneous chemical reduction of platinum acetylacetonate and thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl. As-prepared the particles were spherical with an average diameter of 3 nm and a polydispersity of less than 5%. The particles were superparamagnetic and had a fcc structure. Highly ordered self-assembled supererystals of particles were formed in TEM grids by deposition from dispersions in hydrocarbon solvents. Nanoparticles deposited on amorphous carbon-coated and ... |
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| The Role of Disorder in the Magnetic Properties of Mechanically Milled Nanostructured Alloys |
APR 2001 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Diandra L. Leslie-Pelecky; Elaine M. Kirkpatrick; Tom Pekarek; Richard L. Schalek; Paul Shand; NEBRASKA UNIV LINCOLN
|
| Mechanical milling provides a unique means of studying the influence of grain size and disorder on the magnetic properties of nanostructured alloys. This paper compares the role of milling in the nanostructure evolution of two ferromagnets - SmCo5 and GdAl2 - and the subsequent impact of nanostructure on magnetic properties and phase transitions. The ferromagnetic properties of SmCo5 are enhanced by short (< 2 hours) milling times, producing up to ... |
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| High Strength Soft Magnetic Composites |
APR 2001 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Ronghai Yu; Michelle M. Corte-Real; Adrian Gorea; Libo Ren; Azar Parvizi-Majidi; DELAWARE UNIV NEWARK
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| There has been an increasing demand for high temperature soft magnetic materials with mechanical properties better than those of existing commercial materials such as FeCo alloys. We have designed new magnetic composites by reinforcing FeCo alloys with high strength tungsten fibers. The composite materials were fabricated by electrodeposition. In general, the as deposited composites have a relatively high coercivity H(sub c) and low magnetic permeability Micro, because of induced strain ... |
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| Observation of Patterns by Magnetic Force Microcopy in Fe-Alloys with Shape Memory Effect |
APR 2001 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
M. I. DA Silva; J. C. Gonzalez; M. S. Andrade; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION FACILITY
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| In this study, we investigated the magnetic domains of a FeMnSiNiCr stainless steel sample using Magnetic Force Microscope (MFM). We compared the magnetic patterns obtained by scanning the sample with three coated probes with different magnetic properties: Medium magnetic moment (MM), low magnetic moment (LM), and low coercivity (LC). The probe-surface separation was varied between 25 to 300 nm in order to quantify the magnetic microstructure of the sample. A ... |
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| Materials Development for Thermally-Assisted Magnetic Recording Media |
APR 2001 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
C. F. Brucker; T. W. McDaniel; SEAGATE TECHNOLOGY FREMONT CA
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| We have carried out a combined experimental and computer simulation study to specify and identify candidate films to support high areal density, thermally-assisted magnetic recording. The motivation of this work is to utilize the enhanced writability of very high coercivity materials that thermal assistance can provide. Media with high coercivity (and anisotropy K(sub u)) are known to be essential to achieve a sufficiently high ratio of K(sub u)V/k(sub B)T necessary ... |
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COERCIVE FORCE
