| Chrome Plating Projects at Watervliet Arsenal, Fiscal Year 2000 |
SEP 2001 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jearldine I. Northrup; Joyce C. Baird; Dave Franklin; Phil Darcy; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
 | This report describes two projects conducted at Watervliet Arsenal (WVA), NY, during Fiscal Year 2000. The first project included an upgrade of the crane and hoist in the minor parts chrome plating facility. Another problem was the facility's existing chromic acid and electro-polish pumps, which were sealed pumps. The corrosive media, pressure, and high temperature in the process streams caused the pump seals to break frequently. The second project included ... |
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| Chromate Sampling Methods and Data Analysis |
SEP 2001 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
David Carpenter; KARTA TECHNOLOGY INC SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| The major health issues surrounding occupational exposure to chromates is very well summarized in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) publications. The OSHA Ceiling Standard, 29 CFR 1910. 1000 Table Z-2, for chromic acid and chromate is 1.0 mg/cu m. The ACGIH Standard is more complex, it considers chromates 'Confirmed Human Carcinogens' based upon epidemiological studies. There are two analytical methods typically used when quantifying chromate exposures. ... |
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| Aircraft Corrosion Control: Assessment and Reduction of Chromate Exposures |
JUN 2000 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Gary N. Carlton; Ellen E. England; INSTITUTE FOR ENVIRONMENT SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISK ANALYSIS BROOKSAFB TX RISK ANALYSIS DIRECTORA
|
| The corrosion inhibitor of choice in the Air Force is hexavalent chromium (CrVI). CrVI is present in aircraft coating pretreatments as chromic acid and in primers as metallic chromates. Worker exposures to chromate compounds can occur during application of the pretreatment and primer. In addition, depainting (removal of old organic coatings) and mechanical sanding of existing coating systems can release particulates that contain chromates from ... |
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| Venturi/Vortex Scrubber Technology for Controlling/Recycling Chromium Electroplating Emissions |
MAR 1999 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
K. J. Hay; Shaoying Qi; Bruce Holden; Norman Helgeson; Mark E. Fraser; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Chromium electroplating is an essential DOD process. Chromium has a combination of qualities that are very difficult to substitute, however, the process itself is inefficient, resulting in the production of byproduct gases that rise and create a mist of chromic acid (strongly regulated as an air pollutant) above the plating tank. Venturi/Vortex Scrubber Technology (VVST) was designed to control chromium electroplating emissions by collecting the gas bubbles before they burst ... |
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| Ceramic Bearing Development. Volume 4. Tribochemical Finishing of Silicon Nitride |
MAR 95 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
S. R. Hah; Traugott E. Fischer; Charles Burk; CERBEC INC EAST GRANBY CT
|
| Tribochemical finishing of silicon nitride was developed by the Tribology Research Group at the Stevens Institute of technology. The finishing process produces ultrasmooth surfaces without mechanical defects. Over 40 chemical solutions such as acids, bases, salts, inorganic and organic oxidizers were tested. Distilled water shows high volume removal rates but some solid wear debris are produced by surface fracture. Hydrogen peroxide, at 3% or higher concentrations, produces high volume removal ... |
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| Enhanced Preliminary Assessment Report for Tooele Army Depot - North Area Tooele, Utah |
05 OCT 94 |
201 pages |
| Authors:
E. Kiely; M. Russ; D. DePersis; F. Vega; AGEISS ENVIRONMENTAL INC DENVER CO
|
| This Final ENPA report documents the existing environmental conditions associated with a 1684 acre parcel of Tooele Army Depot- North Area (rEAD-N) that is scheduled for realignment and to provide recommendations for further action. The Final ENPA Report presents a summary and evaluation of the data relevant to the BRAC parcel located at TEAM within the report, the subject property and its surrounding environment and land uses, as well as ... |
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| Determination of Sulfuric Acid in Chromium Plating Solutions Using Gravimetric Analysis |
NOV 1991 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel Sopok; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| The determination of sulfuric acid in chromium plating solutions is studied in the presence of chromic acid. Cr(III) ions. and Fe(III) ions. The control of the concentration of these four chemical components is necessary to optimize the chromium plating process. In the absence of expensive chemical instrumentation. a gravimetric method suitable for this industrial application is developed in this report. This method uses chromic acid reduction and sulfate precipitation and ... |
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| Removal of Copper and Iron Contamination from Chromic Acid Electroplating Baths Using Electrodialysis with Caustic Catholyte |
JUN 91 |
|
| Authors:
John T. Sommer; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
 | The efficiency and kinetics of the removal of copper and iron contamination from a chromic acid plating bath were evaluated using a proprietary electrodialytic purification unit with caustic catholyte. The unit consisted of an anode compartment and a cathode compartment separated by a cation-specific membrane. The proprietary electrodes in each compartment were connected to a constant amperage, variable voltage power supply. By design, multivalent metal cations were electrotransported through the ... |
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| Marine Ecological Risk Assessment at Naval Construction Battalion Center, Davisville, Rhode Island. Phase 1 |
MAY 91 |
|
| Authors:
Wayne R. Munns Jr.; Cornelia Mueller; Donald J. Cobb; Timothy R. Gleason; Gerald G. Pesch; NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The Naval Construction Battalion Center (NCBC) in Davisville, Rhode Island, has been the subject of a joint ecological research program by the Navy and Environmental Protection Agency. Allen Harbor, a small embayment of Narragansett Bay adjacent to NCBC, was used to develop research and monitoring methods for ecological risk assessment. Two sites on the National Priorities List were of particular concern: (1) a 15-acre landfill used from 1946 to 1972 ... |
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| Optimization of Plating Parameters for Low Contraction Chromium Electrodeposits |
OCT 89 |
|
| Authors:
S. K. Pan; M. D. Miller; F. J. Nelson; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET WEAPONS LAB
|
| Electrodeposition of low contraction (LC) chromium has been investigated in order to deposit a high tensile strength and crack-free chromium coating. The plating parameters--current density, chromic acid/sulfuric aced ratio, and chromium(III) concentration--were varied and a systematic study was performed. A chromic acid concentration of 250 g/l and a bath temperature of 85 C were maintained constant throughout the study. The deposit is crack-free having a typical columnar microstructure of fibrous ... |
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| Determination of Phosphoric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Chromic Acid, and Their Matrix Effects in Chromium Plating and Associated Polishing Solutions by Ion Chromatography |
JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
Samuel Sopok; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET LABS
|
| The determination of phosphoric, sulfuric, and chromic acids in chromium plating and polishing solutions is essential to optimize the plating quality of low alloy steels. An ion chromatographical procedure, which is an improvement on an established procedure now in practice, is described for these analytes. Despite previous beliefs, standards and samples must have similar acid-base characteristics and concentrations in order to eliminate potential matrix effects that may cause up to ... |
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| An Interdisciplinary Approach to Predictive Modeling of Structural Adhesive Bonding. Factors Affecting the Durability of Titanium/Epoxy Bonds |
OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Filbey; J. P. Wightman; VIRGINIA TECH CENTER FOR ADHESION SCIENCE BLACKSBURG
|
| Factors influencing the durability of Titanium-6-4 / epoxy and Ti-6-4 / metal alkoxide / epoxy interphases were studied by first determining chemical and HYSICAL PROPERTIES OF Ti-6-4 adherend surfaces; second by characterizing the strength and durability of Ti-6-4 / epoxy bonds; and third by using aluminum and titanium alkoxides as possible adhesion promoters. Ti-6-4 adherend surfaces were oxidized either by chemical etch or anodization. Four principal pretreatments were studied: chromic ... |
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| An Interdisciplinary Approach to Predictive Modeling of Structural Adhesive Bonding, Chromic Acid Anodized Ti-6Al-4V: Its Characterization and Its Single Lap Bond Strength to Heat Resistant Adhesives |
JUN 87 |
|
| Authors:
Jean A. Skiles; J. P. Wightman; VIRGINIA TECH CENTER FOR ADHESION SCIENCE BLACKSBURG
|
| Anodized Titanium Aluminum Vanadium adhesive bonds exhibit improved corrosion resistance and a higher strength to weight ratio compared to conventional metal bonding techniques for primary and/or secondary structural applications. This work was conducted to identify chromic acid (CA) anodization and bond process conditions which produced durable, structural applications. This work was conducted to identify chromic acid (CA) anodization and bond process conditions which produced durable, structural anodized Titanium Aluminum Vanadium ... |
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| Installation Restoration Program. Phase 2. Confirmation/Quantification, Stage 1 |
06 MAR 87 |
|
| Authors:
DAMES AND MOORE PARK RIDGE IL
|
| As part of the USAF Installation Restoration Program (IRP),seven sites on Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, were investigated to determine the presence of hazardous material contamination resulting from past handling and disposal practices. The seven sites investigated were the existing main base landfill, Building 301-Aircraft Maintenance Hangar, the old AGE refueling station, a sodium arsenite spill site, a chromic acid spill site, a collapsed sewer line from the primate ... |
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| Reconstruction of the Interface of Oxidatively Functionalized Polyethylene (PE-CO2H) and Derivatives on Heating. Revision |
MAR 87 |
|
| Authors:
Stephen R. Holmes-Farley; Robert H. Reamey; Ralph Nuzzo; Thomas J. McCarthy; George M. Whitesides; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Oxidation of low-density polyethylene film with aqueous chromic acid results in a material (PE-CO2H) having hydrophilic carboxylic acid and ketone groups in a thin oxidatively-functionalized interface. This interface is indefinitely stable at room temperature. On heating in vacuum, it rapidly becomes hydrophobic and similar in it wettability to unfunctionalized polyethylene film. The progression of the contact angle with water from the initial value (55) to the final value (103) follows ... |
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| Acoustic Emission During Chromium Plating |
MAR 87 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
M. E. Todaro; G. P. Capsimalis; E. S. Chen; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WATERVLIET NY BENET WEAPONS LAB
|
| The authors used acoustic emission to study crack formation during the electrodeposition of chromium over a range of temperatures and current densities which characterize the transition from high contraction (HC) to low contraction (LC) chromium. Several characteristics of the acoustic emissions were examined, including the amplitude distribution, signal energy, emission rate, count rate, and frequency spectrum. The acoustic emission technique detected the onset of cracking and yielded useful information regarding ... |
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| The Reactivity of Carboxylic Acid and Ester Groups in the Functionalized Interfacial Region of 'Polyethylene Carboxylic Acid' (PE-CO2H) and Derivatives: Differentiation of the Functional Groups into Shallow and Deep Subsets Based on a Comparison of Contac |
OCT 86 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
George M. Whitesides; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The carboxylic acid groups present in the functionalized interface of polyethylene carboxylic acid (PE-CO2H, a material prepared from low-density polyethylene film have been differentiated by reaction with aqueous chromic acid) into two subsets: those sufficiently close to the surface of the polymer to influence its wettability by water and those too deep to do so. This differentiation was accomplished by taking advantage of differences in rates of esterification of carboxylic ... |
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| Surface and Interface Characterization for High-Temperature Adhesive Systems |
SEP 86 |
|
| Authors:
D. K. Shaffer; H. M. Clearfield; J. S. Ahearn; MARTIN MARIETTA LABS BALTIMORE MD
|
| The structural and bonding properties of Ti-6A1-4V adherends, prepared by chromic acid anodization (CAA), were studied as a function of exposure in high-temperature environments such as vacuum, air, boiling and pressurized water, and steam. Subsequent to the environmental exposure, bonds were produced and the adhesive tensile strengths measured. Long-term exposure to high temperature, dry environments did not cause structural changes to the adherend oxide but did result in poor bond ... |
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| An Interdisciplinary Approach to Predictive Modeling of Structural Adhesive Bonding Characterization of Chromic Acid and Anodized Ti-6Al-4V and Anodized Ti-6Al-4V Single Lap Bonds to Polyphenylquinoxaline |
JAN 86 |
|
| Authors:
Jean A. Skiles; J. P. Wightman; VIRGINIA TECH CENTER FOR ADHESION SCIENCE BLACKSBURG
|
| The purpose of this 1985 status report is to describe the: 1. morphology, thickness and structure characterization of chromic acid anodized Ti-6Al-4V determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED); 2. unfulled polyphenylquinoxaline (PPQ) - chromic acid anodized (CAA) Ti-6Al-4V unaged single lap bond strength data; 3. unstressed thermal aging tests in progress for PPQ - CAA Ti-6Al-4V single lap bonds, and 4. tests in progress ... |
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| Fluorescence Properties of Dansyl Groups Covalently Bonded to the Surface of Oxidatively Functionalized Low-Density Polyethylene Film |
DEC 85 |
|
| Authors:
Stephen R. Holmes-Farley; George M. Whitesides; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MASS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Brief oxidation of low-density polyethylene film with chromic acid in aqueous sulfuric acid introduced carboxylic acid and ketone and/or aldehyde groups onto the surface of the film. The carboxylic acid moieties can be used to attach more complex functionality to the polymer surface. We are developing this surface-functionalized polyethylene (named 'polyethylene carboxylic acid,' PE- CO2H, to emphasize the functional group that dominates its surface properties) as a substrate with which ... |
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| Effect of Methanol and Formic Acid on Chromium Plating |
NOV 84 |
|
| Authors:
A. M. Kasaaian; J. Dash; PORTLAND STATE UNIV OR DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Since 1856 many plating baths have been proposed for chromium electrodeposition. The most successful of these are chromic acid baths containing sulfate catalysts or sulfate and silicofluoride. The current efficiency of these baths ranges from about 10 to 25 percent, depending on the catalyst and plating conditions. Often Cr3+ is considered detrimental to the functioning of the bath. Trivalent chromium is produced at the cathode during plating and can be ... |
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| Anodic Oxide Formation on Ti-6A1-4V in Chromic Acid for Adhesive Bonding |
MAR 1984 |
|
| Authors:
A. M. T. Cheng; D. W. Dwight; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG
|
| Chromic acid anodization (CAA) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been shown to produce desirable oxide for adhesive bonding. The highly porous oxide layer provides mechanical interlocking with the adhesive or the primer forming a much stronger interface. This leads to stronger and more durable bond than most other surface pretreatments. Since anodization is a electrochemical process, electrochemical methods are used to elucidate the mechanism and kinetics of the oxide formation. From ... |
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| Acid-Base Behavior of Carboxylic Acid Groups Covalently Attached at the Surface of Polyethylene |
83 |
|
| Authors:
S. R. Holmes-Farley; R. H. Reamy; T. J. McCarthy; J. Deutch; G. M. Whitesides; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MASS DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Oxidation of low-density polyethylene film with chromic acid/sulfur acid at 72 C generates a material (PE-CO2H) having a high density of carboxylic acid and ketone functionalities in a thin surface layer on the polymer. Similar oxidation of low density polyethylene powder (powder PE-CO2H) and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-CO2H) generate materials having only slightly different properties. This paper determines extent of the ionization of the surface and near-surface carboxylic acis ... |
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| Evaluation of the Wedge Cleavage Test for Assessment of Durability of Adhesive Bonded Joints. |
JUL 1980 |
|
| Authors:
M. H. Stone; T. Peet; ROYAL AIRCRAFT ESTABLISHMENT FARNBOROUGH (ENGLAND)
|
| The Boeing wedge test was applied to joints of aluminium alloy made with three adhesives differing widely in toughness. Bonding pretreatments chromicsulphuric acid pickle, chromic acid anodise and wet alumina grit blast were compared for two of the adhesives, and clear differences in crack length appeared after exposure to 50 C and 96% r.h. Rates of crack growth were determined in both ambient and warm humid environments, and suitable times ... |
|
| Bondability of Ti Adherends |
30 APR 1980 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Ditchek; K. R. Breen; J. D. Venables; MARTIN MARIETTA LABS BALTIMORE MD
|
| Surface oxides on titanium prepared for adhesive bonding by eight different pretreatment processes were examined using STEM and Auger/ESCA techniques. The results indicate that the surfaces can be divided into three groups according to similarities in their oxide morphologies: Group I exhibits little surface roughness; Group II is characterized by macro-roughness (features greater than 1.0 micrometers; and Group III exhibits extensive porosity and microroughness, similar to features found on aluminum ... |
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| Environmental Exposure on Thermoplastic Adhesives. |
DEC 1978 |
|
| Authors:
S. G. Hill; E. E. House; J. T. Hoggatt; BOEING AEROSPACE CO SEATTLE WA BOEING MILITARY AIRPLANE DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION
|
| Two thermoplastic polymers (PKXA Polysulfone and R-5000 polyphenylsulfone) having high temperature capabilities(+300 F) were evaluated as adhesives for bonding steel and titanium adherends. The PKXA polysulfone adhesive was also evaluated on polyimide/glass composites. Chromic acid anodize and sulfuric acid anodize were selected as the surface treatments for titanium and steel, respectfully. The primer system selected was BR-34 polyimide primer (American Cyanimid) subsequently coated with a thin solution of the bonding ... |
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| Evaluation of Non-Chromated Etch for Aluminum Alloys (P-Etch). |
30 NOV 1978 |
|
| Authors:
BELL HELICOPTER TEXTRON FORT WORTH TEX
|
| The purpose of the work performed under this program is to evaluate the new chromate free etchant developed by US Army (ARRADCOM) for use in the preparation of aluminum alloys for adhesive bonding. The objective of the program is to generate data which will determine the suitability of the etchant for production use. It will establish the operational control procedures necessary for scale-up to production size and the impact of ... |
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| Characterization of Surfaces Prior to Adhesive Bonding. |
JUL 1976 |
|
| Authors:
T. P. Remmel; NORTHROP CORP HAWTHORNE CALIF AIRCRAFT DIV
|
| The objective of this program was to develop procedures for the quality control of anodized surfaces on aluminum alloys prior to bonding. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) was selected as the inspection instrument. Both phosphoric and chromic acid anodizing systems were included in the initial phases of this program. The character of these anodic surface coatings was evaluated on both bare and clad 7075-T6 in terms of physical, chemical, and ... |
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| The Corrosion Resistance and Paint Adhesion Properties of Chromate Conversion Coatings on Aluminium and Its Alloys. |
MAY 1976 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
H. J. Allsopp; J. B. Doble; V. C. R. McLoughlin; ROYAL AIRCRAFT ESTABLISHMENT FARNBOROUGH (ENGLAND)
|
| A non-proprietary process for the chromate conversion coating (chromate filming) of aluminium and its alloys has been evaluated with respect to both corrosion resistance of, and paint adhesion to, the chromate films. The process involves immersion of the metal in an aqueous chromic acid/sodium dichromate/sodium fluoride solution for three minutes at 30C. Iridescent, yellow-coloured films result. Alternative times and temperatures of immersion, pretreatments of the metal, washing and drying of ... |
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| Improving Paint Performance on Southern Pine by Relief of Machining Stresses and Chromic Acid Treatment. |
1976 |
|
| Authors:
John M. Black; Edward A. Mraz; FOREST PRODUCTS LAB MADISON WIS
|
| The purpose of this study was to examine how wetting the surface with steam, sanding, and applying chromic acid solutions or water-repellent preservatives might contribute to service life of paint applied to flat-grain boards of southern pine. |
|
| Improved Final Rinse for Zinc Phosphate Pretreatment Coatings. |
MAR 1971 |
|
| Authors:
William H. Deaver; ARMY COATING AND CHEMICAL LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| In an effort to increase corrosion resistance of TT-C-490, Type 1, zinc phosphate pretreatments, a study was conducted on inhibitors added to the final rinse. Salt spray testing and tropical exposure studies indicated that a final rinse containing sodium chromate produced an increase in underfilm corrosion resistance with one coat paint systems. (Author) |
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| DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF SURFACE OXIDES ON ALUMINUM, |
FEB 1969 |
|
| Authors:
S. H. A. Begemann; A. W. Smith; BOEING SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH LABS SEATTLE WASH SOLID STATE PHYSICS LAB
|
| Dielectric property measurements have been performed on various types of aluminum surface oxides. The results, obtained with different electrode materials are interpreted by analogy with a series parallel network of capacitors and resistors. (Author) |
|
| ELECTROLYTIC PLATING OF BLACK CHROMIUM ON METALS, |
21 NOV 1968 |
|
| Authors:
A. G. Samartsev; n. v. andreeva; FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO
|
| Methods of electrolytic plating of metals with black chromium from electrolytes containing chromic acid and activator substances are known. When such substances are not present, hydrogen is given off from the cathode and the deposition of chromium does not take place. The proposed method is distinguished by the use of an electrolyte containing (in grams/liter): chromic acid CrO3, 150-400; the fluorine compound cryolite Na3AlF6, 0.1-0.4; a compound of iron oxylate ... |
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| An Analysis of Chemical Film and Anodized Coatings on Selected Aluminum Alloys. |
29 AUG 1968 |
|
| Authors:
E. R. Parker; ARMY MISSILE COMMAND REDSTONE ARSENAL AL SYSTEMS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| Two aluminum alloys were coated with chemical film and chromic and sulfuric acid anodized coatings and were evaluated in a 5-percent salt spray environment. (Author) |
|
| CONVEYER INSTALLATION FOR ELECTRIC INSULATION ANODIZING OF ALUMINUM WIRE, |
16 AUG 1968 |
|
| Authors:
L. N. Birkgan; V. M. Gevorkyan; M. I. Garbera; N. V. Rumyantseva; FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO
|
| An apparatus for continuous anodizing of aluminum wire and the technology of this process are both described in detail. Methods for testing the quality of oxide films are examined. The physical and mechanical properties of the obtained coatings are given. (Author) |
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| CARBON AND GRAPHITE SURFACE PROPERTIES RELEVANT TO FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITES. |
FEB 1968 |
|
| Authors:
Rosti Didchenko; UNION CARBIDE CORP CLEVELAND OH CARBON PRODUCTS DIV
|
| A bibliography presented in the first part of this report lists literature sources on the surface properties of carbon and graphite, in bulk and fiber form, selected from the point of view of their relevance to the technology of composite materials. The topics considered are: morphology, surface compounds, wetting and adsorption properties of different forms of carbon, and the results of studies specifically directed toward modifying the surface of carbon ... |
|
| COMPARING THE DISPERSITY OF A LATENT IMAGE FORMED BY THE ACTION OF LIGHT AND ACTION OF IONIZING PARTICLE (SRAVNENIE DISPERSNOSTI SKRYTOGO IZOBRAZHENIYA, OBRAZOVANNOGO DEISTVIEM SVETA I DEISTVIEM IONIZUYSHCHIKH CHASTITS), |
06 OCT 1967 |
|
| Authors:
A. L. Kartuzhanskii; FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OHIO
|
| Sensitograms (A-D), prepd. by exposing Panchrome-10 neg. film to light for 60 sec. (A), light for 10 microsec. (B), the action of strongly ionizing alpha-particles from 210Po (C), and the action of weakly ionizing beta-particles from 32P (D), were treated in an identical manner. The kinetics of development, of regression and the Herschel effect were practically the same for (C) AS FOR (B). The development time decreased in the order ... |
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| ON ANODIC OXIDATION OF ALUMINUM IN CHROMIC ACID. |
JUN 1966 |
|
| Authors:
F. Modic; INSTITUTE OF MODERN LANGUAGES INC WASHINGTON D C
|
| Particular attention was here given to working with bath temperatures above 45 degrees C. Oxide films are here formed much quicker than with the earlier low bath temperatures and are characterized by an attractive and completely opaque appearance. They can also be dyed relatively quickly in saturated tints. They thus become highly suitable for decorative purposes which was not the case in the past. The report also discusses in detail ... |
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| ORGANIC CHROMES AS CORROSION INHIBITORS IN BASIC PAINTS |
30 MAR 1966 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
D. Cermakova; J. Nemcova; J. Dohnalova; FOREIGN TECHNOLOGY DIV WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| When studying organic chromes as anticorrosive admixtures to basic paints and lacquers, best results were obtained with paint with 1.8% CrO4(2) in the form chromium of 1-methylcyclohexanol-1, with which the protective effectiveness was increased by perhaps 10 times against paint with 13.8% - in the form of zinc chromium. Organic chromium reduces the tendency of paint toward blistering. |
|
| INFRARED SPECTRA OF THE VAPORS ABOVE SULFURIC AND DEUTERIOSULFURIC ACIDS, |
02 SEP 1965 |
|
| Authors:
Scaria M. Chackalackal; Fred E. Stafford; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON ILL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| The infrared absorption spectra in the range 4000 to 400/cm of the vapors above liquid H2SO4, 1:1 H2-SO4 D2SO4, and D2SO4 were measured and assigned to the respective gaseous molecules as well as equilibrium concentrations of SO3. SO2 was observed as a decomposition product. Assignment of the frequencies to the normal modes was made using correlations with the related near-tetrahedral molecules X-SO2-Y and with spectra of the condensed phases. Some ... |
|
| EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC CLEANING OF CORROSION RESISTANCE OF PHOSPHATE-COATED PANELS |
02 OCT 1964 |
|
| Authors:
M. S. Spivak; SPRINGFIELD ARMORY MA
|
| Zinc and manganese phosphated steel panels were exposed to high frequency vibrations in various media to determine the effect of this cleaning procedure on the corrosion resistance of the coated panels. Phosphated panels showed diminished corrosion resistance after exposure to these vibrations in water and water-based cleaners, but were not affected after exposure to ultrasonics when trichloroethylene was used as the medium. Phosphate-coated panels ultrasonically cleaned and then treated with ... |
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| ELECTROCHEMICAL DEBURRING OF MOLYBDENUM, ALUMINUM AND STAINLESS STEEL. |
10 MAR 1964 |
|
| Authors:
James E. Woolf; MCDONNELL AIRCRAFT CORP ST LOUIS MO
|
| Sharp edges left after chemical milling and blanking are presently being mechanically removed at high cost. The sharp edges would be areas of high current density in electrochemical operations and could be easily removed in electrochemica l solutions. The criteria of a good electrochemical deburring solution were leveling characteristics and removal rate. Various solutions were evaluated for breaking sharp edges on molybdenum, among them being 25% by weight nitric acid, ... |
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| STRESS CORROSION CRACKING OF HIGH STRENGTH NICKEL ALLOY STEELS FOR AIRCRAFT APPLICATIONS |
04 NOV 1963 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
John F. Hildebrand; GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP FORT WORTH TX
|
| Forged parts and billets of AISI 4340, H11 tool steel, and 9% and 18% nickel alloy steels were evaluated for susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) by an alternate immersion test. The alloys were prepared by the consumable electrode-vacuum melt practice and were heat treated as test specimens to strengths in the range from 263,000 to 290,000 psi. Polished specimens were alternately immersed in a 5% NaCl solution while sustaining ... |
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| CONVERSION COATING FOR CHROMIUM |
04 DEC 1961 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
R. H. Wolff; A. C. Hanson; ROCK ISLAND ARSENAL IL
|
| Selected chemicals in water solution were used electrolytically in an effort to produce an oxide conversion coating upon electrodeposited chromium. Some materials and solution combinations produced thin, colored, iridescent films at the anode or cathode and sometimes at both electrodes. Cr2O3 films were obtained in whatAPPEARS TO BE THE HYDROUS FORM AT THE ANODE. Such films could be produced as relatively thick gels. Unfortunately, these gels have no bond to ... |
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| CORROSION RESISTANCE OF ANODIC COATINGS FOR ALUMINUM ALLOYS |
FEB 1961 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Sigismund; FRANKFORD ARSENAL PHILADELPHIA PA
|
|
| LONG TERM EFFECTIVENESS IN MARINE ATMOSPHERES |
29 APR 1959 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
A. F. Hooper; J. C. George; E. E. Keller; GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP POMONA CA POMONA DIV
|
|
| MATERIALS-UNCLAD 2020 ALUMINUM ALLOY CORROSION PROTECTIVE SURFACE TREATMENT FOR-DETERMINATION OF |
24 NOV 1958 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Reynolds; GENERAL DYNAMICS CORP FORT WORTH TX
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| Various protective coatings for unclad 2020 Al alloy were evaluated. Type II H2SO4 Anodic Coating imparts satisfactory corrosion resistance to unclad 2020 Al alloy. Alodine 1200 Chemical Film Treatment provides adequate protection to salt spray environment in accordance with Mil-C5541. However, the treatment does not prevent a considerable reduction in % elongation after humidity exposure. Type I H2CrO4 Anodic Coating on unclad 2020 Al alloy fails to meet the requirements ... |
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| Research in Nitropolymers and their Application to Solid Smokeless Propellants. |
13 SEP 1957 |
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| Authors:
J. R. Fischer; H. L. Greenberg; R. E. Meyer; R. E. Phillips; H. W. Thomas; AEROJET-GENERAL CORP AZUSA CALIF
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| The objective of this contract is to prepare and characterize nitropolymers and to select those which may be useful in various military applications. |
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| Thermodynamic Study of Chronium Plating. |
13 MAR 1951 |
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| Authors:
A. Taboada; P. Lillys; A. A. Burr; RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY
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| This report describes the results of the plating and evaluation of these in terms of their effect on the plating process. In concluding the work with radioactive tracer, some tests were made on the Chrome-Alum bath using radioactive Cr+3 as a tracer. Although not conclusive, the results indicated that the Cr+3 ion was the main contributor to the plate. To complete the comparison between the Chrome-Alum bath and chromic acid ... |
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| Thermodynamic Study of Chromium Plating. |
30 APR 1949 |
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| Authors:
RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INST TROY NY
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| The object of this projects is the investigation of the fundamental principles of chromium plating baths from the standpoint of thermodynamic theory. Experimental work has been continued in an attempt to correlate theoretical equations developed from reaction rate theory with the actual plating processes. These equations have been further adapted to apply to the plating of chromium from chromic acid. It has been possible to obtain consistent data at varying ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
CHROMIC ACID
