| Phase Transfer for Radio Astronomy Interferometers, Over Installed Fiber Networks, Using a Round-Trip Correction System |
01-Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
R Davis; R McCool; M Bentley; S Garrington; R Spencer; B Anderson; MANCHESTER UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
 | The MERLIN telescope, based at Jodrell Bank, achieves coherent operation using a frequency standard transmitted over microwave links. This system is locally known as the Lband Link (LBL). The LBL uses pulses of RF carrier waves to transmit bi-directionally between two locations in a time-division-multiplexed system (TDM). Tests in the laboratory and astronomical observations have confirmed that the LBL detects changes of delay at approximately the 1-picosecond level over periods ... |
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| Measurement of Chromatic Dispersion using the Baseband Radio-Frequency Response of a Phase-Modulated Analog Optical Link Employing a Reference Fiber |
19 SEP 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Jason D. McKinney; John Diehl; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| In this work we demonstrate a new technique for measuring the chromatic dispersion of an optical fiber using the baseband RF response of a phase-modulated analog optical link in concert with a well-characterized fiber that serves as a dispersion reference. We show that optical phase modulation provides increased measurement resolution and immunity to optical modulator bias-drift as compared to baseband methods utilizing optical intensity modulation. In addition, we provide a ... |
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| Modulation Diversity for Chromatic Dispersion Compensation in Analog Photonic Links |
14 JUL 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Vincent J. Urick; Frank Bucholtz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC OPTICAL SCIENCES DIV
|
| We present two solutions for chromatic dispersion compensation in analog photonic links based on modulation diversity. Both concepts are described in theory and demonstrated experimentally. The first, a modulation diversity receiver, on the other hand, is shown to be a completely passive device that adequately compensates for an arbitrary amount of chromatic dispersion in an analog fiber optic link. A band-limited design of the receiver is demonstrated, but essentially any ... |
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| Yellow Lessens Discomfort Glare: Physiological Mechanism(s) |
27 OCT 2004 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Frank L. Kooi; TNO HUMAN FACTORS SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| This report results from a contract tasking TNO Human Factors as follows: The Grantee will investigate the physiological mechanisms behind the perceived glare reduction obtained when using a yellow filter. The proposed project aims to place the reported heightened discomfort glare produced by blue light on a more scientific footing. The physiological mechanism of discomfort glare remains unclear. At least four hypotheses have been proposed: 1. Rod-cone interaction (Dr. Ian ... |
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| Choosing Colors for Work-Centered Support Systems for Command and Control Using a Visual Search Task |
JUN 2004 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Gina Thomas-Myers; Allen Nagy; Samuel Kuper; Jeffrey Wampler; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The use of information technology to support work and aid in decision making has brought about new ways of displaying information on computer screens. The more information required, the more complex those displays have become. Goals of this research project were to 1) develop and test basic methodology for recommending complex display color coding and 2) to use results from that methodology to recommend specific changes to the Work-Centered Support ... |
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| Experimental Determination of Paraxial Ray Transfer Matrices and Cardinal Points of Complex Optical Systems by Means of Finite Conjugate Imaging |
19 DEC 2001 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry S. Blackwell; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Lineate Imaging Near-ultraviolet Spectrometer (LINUS) uses three complex lens systems to focus an image from distances on the order of several kilometers onto the image intensifier of an ultraviolet camera. These images can then be analyzed to characterize the atmospheric distribution and concentration of sulfur dioxide (502). The lenses purchased for LINUS were corrected for spherical aberrations but due to the lack of detailed knowledge about the lenses their ... |
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| Visual Motion Perception, Visual Attention and Visual Information Processing |
30 NOV 2001 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
George Sperling; CALIFORNIA UNIV IRVINE
|
| Continuing work on the three-systems-theory of visual motion perception: (I) Isoluminant chromatic motion is perceived by and only by the third-order motion system. (2) New illusion. Cancelling salience modulation in the third-order motion system causes brightly colored moving red-green gratings to appear to be motionless (motion standstill illusion) that gives considerable insight into the mechanisms of object perception. (3) A prediction that motion could be used to provide amplification of ... |
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| Night Vision Imaging System (NVIS) Compatibility and Visibility of the F-16 Common Configuration Implementation Program (CCIP) Common Color Multi- Function Display (CCMFD) |
NOV 2001 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Peter L. Marasco; Reginald L. Bowyer; Albert E. Boulter; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| After preliminary operational testing of the Honeywell F-16 Common Configuration Implementation Program (CCIP) Common Color Multi-Function Display (CCMFD), a display intended to incorporate color into night vision imaging system (NVIS) compatible cockpits, some observers felt that the CCMFD did not present video with the same level of detail in NVIS mode as seen in daytime mode. It was also believed that the CCMFD might be interfering with vision through night ... |
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| In Vitro Determination of Skin Bilirubin Using Chromatic Modulation |
25 OCT 2001 |
|
| Authors:
D. Tomtsis; V. Kodogiannis; D. Zissopoulos; MACEDONIA RESEARCH CENTRE (GREECE)
|
 | A clinical examination system is presented to analyse the yellowness presented on the skin of premature newborn babies, namely transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB). The system is based on chromatic modulation methods to extract, process and analyse data in order to determine the spectral chromaticity of a baby's tissue without taking blood samples. Chromatic bilirubin monitoring tests have shown a high correlation and a linear relationship between serum bilirubin (SB) and a ... |
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| Advanced High Frequency Communication and Optoelectronic Radar Systems |
15 JUL 2001 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
|
| We have demonstrated photonic time-stretching (PTS) of radio frequency (RF) signals using our novel polymer modulators and two techniques to reduce the power penalty from the effects of fiber chromatic dispersion. A single-sideband (SSB) modulator configuration has almost eliminated the effect of this penalty without bandwidth limitations. The dsb( (DSB) modulator configuration, with an alternative quadrature bias point, has also shown significant improvement of bandwidth limitations for a given fiber ... |
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| Extended Experimentation Using Polarization Techniques |
MAR 2001 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J. Duggin; PAR GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS CORP ROME NY
|
| Polarization can yield image intelligence additional to that accessible from radiometric intensity, wavelength-dependence, texture, topography, or feature shape, size or relative disposition. In this study, investigations were performed to determine to what extent this is true, and to investigate controlling parameters. The objective of this effort was to extend the investigation of the use of polarized light to enhance target-to-background contrast in order to improve target feature detection and discrimination. ... |
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| Are the Color Gamuts of CRT and LCD Triangular? An Experimental Study |
JUL 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Guan-wei Lee; Chao-hua Wen; NATIONAL TSING HUA UNIV HSIN-CHU (TAIWAN) DEPT OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING
|
| Color LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) has been widely used for personal computers (PC) and video monitors because of its light weight, small volume, low power consumption and so on. Color reproductions for LCD panels are different from that of CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) display. This study describes the difference of color gamuts in different luminance level and the accuracy of color between CRT and LCD. In the present study, the ... |
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| White Illumination Characteristics of ZnS-Based Phosphor Materials Excited by InGaN-Based Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Diode |
JUL 2000 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kenji Murakami; Tsunemasa Taguchi; Masahiko Yoshino; YAMAGUCHI UNIV (JAPAN) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
|
| White illumination characteristics of ZnS-based phosphor materials exited by an In(x)Ga(1-x)N-based single quantum well (SQW) -structure ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) have extensively been investigated. in order to evaluate white luminescence, two kinds of ZnS-based white phosphors have been employed. When an UV LED was operated at a current of 10 mA, chromaticity (x,y), color temperature (Tc) and general color rendering index (Ra) of the white luminescence are obtained to ... |
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| Design of a Large Pupil Relief Broadband Collimator for use in a MMW/IR HWIL Facility |
2000 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Matt Bender; D. B. Beasley; OPTICAL SCIENCES CORP HUNTSVILLE AL
|
| Optical Sciences Corporation has designed and implemented a 116 inch exit pupil relief optical system for dynamic infrared scene projection to flight table mounted seekers at the U.S. Army Missile Command (AMCOM) Research, Development, and Engineering Center (RDEC). The optical system collimates the output from a 512x512 element resistor array in the 3-5mm waveband. The large pupil stand-off is necessary to support projector operation in a millimeter wave (MMW) anechoic ... |
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| Final Report for ONR Grant N00014-90-J-1206 |
OCT 97 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE
|
| This project focuses on: (1) an on-line coloring algorithm designed for the off-line problem of dynamic storage allocation, (2) game chromatic number, and (3) dimension of ordered sets. |
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| A Medical Research and Evaluation Facility and Studies Supporting the Medical Chemical Defense Program. Task 92-29: Efficacy Assessment of Topical Skin Protectants against Sulfur Mustard Vapors in Hairless Guinea Pigs |
SEP 97 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Carl T. Olson; T. H. Snider; H. W. Nitz; J. B. Johnson; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST COLUMBUS OH
|
| The objective of this work was to determine the dose-response relationship between the duration of a topical exposure of sulfur mustard vapors to hairless guinea pigs (HGPs) and the incidence of microblisters observed histologically. The dose-response curve was compared to results of similar work performed at the U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD). The effects of ketamine hydrochloride anesthesia on HGP skin reflectance were also examined. The ... |
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| Exploring a Chromatic Oblique Effect |
SEP 97 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Paul G. Curran; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| For centuries, military forces have used camouflage to obscure potential targets from the enemy. Because the eye is fairly adept at picking out edges, colors, and bright areas, camouflage is often used to degrade these qualities from human detection. The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the role of certain spatial, temporal, and chromatic features on the human visual system and how these features may aid the quest for ... |
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| Perceptual Fidelity for Digital Color Imagery |
DEC 96 |
114 pages |
| Authors:
Curtis E. Martin; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The problem of measuring the fidelity of digital color images in a manner that corresponds to human perceptual assessments is addressed. Experiments are performed to validate human visual system (HVS) models, which provide access to a 'perceptual space' in which visual distortions may be measured, and then a model is proposed for assessing the perceptual fidelity of digital color image. Color Mach bands are produced in the first experiment, demonstrating ... |
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| Research in Appearance Description for Machine Vision |
31 JAN 96 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Shafer; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| The key barrier to application of machine vision in unconstrained environments is the complexity of image formation in the world and the resultant difficulty of characterizing it concisely. If we could create a general yet concise description of image formation, we would have a vocabulary for discussing the complexity of specific scenes and the assumptions of specific machine vision approaches. In this research, the investigators are attempting to develop such ... |
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| Managing Color Appearance in Self-Luminous Displays |
JAN 96 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Celeste McCollough-Howard; DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST
|
| This report discusses color-appearance problems arising in self- luminous displays (SLDs), with special emphasis on computer-generated displays. Since no color appearance system designed for SLDs is yet available, many users apply one of the color appearance systems that have been developed for use with reflective materials. These systems can be helpful for managing color appearance in SLDs, especially when the display is intended to simulate a natural scene containing reflective ... |
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| Interaction Region Analysis for A High-Field Hadron Collider |
1996 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jie Wei; Stephen G. Peggs; Glen P. Goderre; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| The primary goal of the interaction region (IR) is to demagnify the transverse beam dimension to a small spot size at the interaction point (IP) to reach the required luminosity. With an experimental drift space of +/-25 m and a quadrupole focusing strength of 360 T/m at the triplets, a beta* of 0.1 m can be achieved at a beam energy of 50 TeV. Only two families of ... |
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| Lattice Optimization for a Really Large Hadron Collider (RLHC) |
1996 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
S. Peggs; F. Deli; M. Harrison; M. Syphers; S. Tepikian; BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LAB UPTON NY
|
| Long arc cells would lead to major cost savings in a high field high Tc hadron collider, operating in the regime of significant synchrotron radiation. Two such lattices, with half cell lengths of 110 and 260 m, are compared. Both allow flexible tuning, and have large dynamic apertures when dominated by chromatic sextupoles. Lattices with longer cells are much more sensitive to systematic magnet errors, ... |
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| Computational Modelling of Equiluminant Vision |
95 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
G. L. Zimmerman; TULANE UNIV NEW ORLEANS LA
|
| The goal of this grant was to obtain equipment for studying psychophysical and computational aspects of chromatic motion perception. The equipment consisted of color measurement, data capture, data storage and color presentation devices. Our main results include the influence of luminant motion information on equiluminant motion direction, the impact of equilumance on both page and RSVP reading, the development of computational method to eliminate motion blur, and adaptive computational model ... |
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| Draft Standard for Color Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays (AMLCDS) in U.S. Military Aircraft. Recommended Best Practices |
JUN 94 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Darrel G. Hopper; William K. Dolezal; Keith Schur; John W. Liccione; WRIGHT LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This report is written in the format of a military standard as a draft to establish the performance, form, fit, design, and development requirements for a family of color active matrix liquid crystal display (AMLCD) modules to be procured for military airborne cockpit applications. This document provides guidance for the selection, design, and development of AMLCD flat panel displays for use in military aircraft cockpits. (Author) |
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| The Synthesis and Characterization of New Mesogenic Diacetylene Monomers and their Polymers |
JUN 94 |
|
| Authors:
Paula T. Hammond; Michael F. Rubner; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERIN G
|
| A series of three functionalized semi-rigid aromatic thermotropic diacetylene liquid crystals were prepared: an aromatic diacid containing tetramethylene spacers on either side of the diacetylene group (5,7 DODBA), and aromatic diols with four and nine methylene spacers (5,7 DHDP and l0,12 DHDP). This paper addresses the design and synthesis of the monomers, their liquid crystalline behavior, and the reactivity of their diacetylene groups. 5,7 DODBA and 5,7 DHDP each exhibited ... |
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| Visual Neural Development and Chromatic Aberration |
14 MAR 94 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Laurence T. Maloney; NEW YORK UNIV NY DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The purpose of the research undertaken was to develop computational techniques and psychophysical methods for investigating the internal representation of visual information (shape, depth and color) in human observers. Some of the equipment needed was not available in Summer 1992. A no- cost one-year extension was requested and granted, and work on the project continued through March 1994. The following is a list of publications and presentations supported in whole ... |
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| Colors in Natural Landscapes |
JAN 94 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Celeste M. Howard; Johannah A. Burnidge; DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST
|
| This report supplies chromaticity coordinates and relative luminances of certain natural surfaces for which spectral reflectance distributions are presently available. Modelers of geographical databases for simulator displays may use this information to guide color selection for scene components. Where the reflectance data permit, relative luminances have also been computed for simulation of landscapes viewed through night vision devices. ANVIS, Luminance, Scene color, CATS EYE, Natural landscapes, Spectral reflectance, Chromaticity, Night ... |
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| Receptoral and Neural Aliasing |
30 JAN 93 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Robert A. Smith; NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIV DURHAM HANS-LUKAS TEUBER VISION LAB
|
| This project saw some unexpected successes, and some even more unexpected failures. Chief among the latter was our total failure to replicate Williams' observations of receptoral aliasing, either in the fovea or the parafovea. Despite much communication between us and Williams, no explanation of this discrepancy has been found. We present substantial evidence below to eliminate the possibility of technical failure in our experiments. Unable to study aliasing directly, we ... |
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| Biologically-Based Neural Network Model of Color Constancy and Color Contrast |
92 |
|
| Authors:
Susan M. Courtney; Gershon Buchsbaum; Leif H. Finkel; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA DEPT OF BIOENGINEERING
|
| The light which reaches the eye, or any other sensor, is the product of the reflectance and the illuminant. Therefore, in order to determine the surface reflectance of an object independent of the illuminant, a system must use the spatiochromatic context of the image. We have developed a neural network based on the anatomy and physiology of the visual projection from retina to V4. The network combines color-opponent and contrast ... |
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| High Order Mechanism of Color Vision |
15 NOV 91 |
|
| Authors:
John Krauskopf; NEW YORK UNIV NY CENTER FOR NEURAL SCIENCE
|
| This report covers our activities since June 15, 1990. The main accomplishments have been: (1) Continued experiments on the variation of color discrimination over color space, (2) Experiments on the influence of color on the perception of coherent motion, (3) Experiments on the effects of chromatic adaptation on color appearance, (4) Electro-physiological experiments on the effects of chromatic stimuli on the responses of neurons physiological experiments on the effects of ... |
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| The Effects of Luminance Boundaries on Color Perception |
24 APR 91 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Richard E. Kronauer; R. T. Eskewm Jr.; C. F. Stromeyer III; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DIV OF APPLIED SCIENCES
|
| When a suprathreshold luminance flash, presented as an increment on a large background field, accompanies a coincident equiluminant flash, the chromatic threshold is reduced. Early studies suggested that the chromatic facilitation grows large at small test size. We have measured detection thresholds for test spots with diameters from 5 min - 1 degree. Even for the smallest size the chromatic red-green sensitivity (specified in cone-contrast coordinates) is greater than luminance ... |
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| Higher Order Mechanisms of Color Vision |
19 NOV 90 |
|
| Authors:
John Krauskopf; NEW YORK UNIV NY CENTER FOR NEURAL SCIENCE
|
| This report covers our activities since June 15, 1989. The main accomplishments have been: (1) Completion and publication of a comprehensive study of the effects of chromatic content, blur and contrast of targets on vernier acuity and on stereo acuity; (2) The use of a new method of measuring chromatic discrimination under conditions of constant adaptation; (3) Continuation of the study of the chromatic properties of single cells in the ... |
|
| Fiber Optic Development for Use on the Fiber Optic Helmet-Mounted Display |
Aug-1990 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Melvin L Thomas; Richard Robinson; Walter P Siegmund; Steve E Antos; SCHOTT FIBER OPTICS INC SOUTHBRIDGE MA
|
| The fiber optic helmet-mounted display (FOHMD), developed by CAE Electronics Ltd. for the U.S. Air Force Human Resources Laboratory, requires large-format coherent fiber optic cables to support the demanding full-color, high-resolution display requirements plus provide flexibility, durability, lightweight, and be up to 2.1 m in length. Currently, FOHMD cables are linear arrays of multifibers separated by inactive material spacers to achieve a lightweight cable with a large cross section. This ... |
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| The Effects of Luminance Boundaries on Color Perception |
12 APR 90 |
|
| Authors:
Richard E. Kronauer; R. T. Eskew Jr.; C. F. Stromeyer III; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DIV OF APPLIED SCIENCES
|
| When a suprathreshold luminance flash, presented as an increment on a larger background field, accompanies a circular equiluminant chromatic flash at the same spatial location, the chromatic threshold is reduced by about two-fold. This facilitation results from the clearly-visible edges of the luminance flash (the 'pedestal') serving to demarcate the test region, segregating it from its surround. Signal detection experiments show that this facilitation does not occur because the contour ... |
|
| Receptoral and Neural Aliasing |
23 MAR 90 |
|
| Authors:
Robert A. Smith; NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIV DURHAM HANS-LUKAS TEUBER VISION LAB
|
| Some difficult technical problems were dealt with in 1990. These fell in two major areas; (1) attempts to replicate Williams' observations of receptoral aliasing, and (2) mapping of the functional structure of the parafovea. Several successful studies were performed in these areas, notably; (1) the development of a precise new method for measuring fixation accuracy using after-images, and (2) studies of spatial summation for isoluminant spots in the parafovea. in ... |
|
| The Effects of Luminance Boundaries on Color Perception |
15 NOV 89 |
|
| Authors:
Richard E. Kronauer; R. T. Eskew Jr.; Charles F. Stromeyer III; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DIV OF APPLIED SCIENCES
|
| When a suprathreshold luminance flash, presented as an increment on a larger background field, accompanies a circular isoluminant chromatic flash at the same spatial location, chromatic threshold is reduced by about two-fold. This facilitation results from the clearly-visible edges of the luminance flash (the pedestal ) serving to demarcate the test region, segregating it from its surround. Recent signal detection experiments show that this facilitation does not occur as a ... |
|
| Eye Movements and Spatial Pattern Vision |
15 JUL 89 |
|
| Authors:
Lawrence E. Arend; EYE RESEARCH INST OF RETINA FOUNDATION BOSTON MA
|
| Models of lightness and color perception must take account of human color constancy, a tendency for apparent surface color to be relatively independent of the color and intensity of the illuminating light source. Observers matched the lightness and brightnesses of regions in simple and complex achromatic spatial patterns. The data showed that the observers' knowledge of the surface reflectances (revealed by lightness matches) was unaffected by changing brightness of the ... |
|
| Display Characteristics of Example Light-Valve Projectors |
JUN 89 |
|
| Authors:
Celeste M. Howard; DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST
|
| This report provides quantitative data on performance characteristics of light valve projectors in simulator displays as well as in optimal laboratory conditions. Two types of light valve projectors are discussed: a single light- valve projector (also called Talaria) and a multiple light-valve projector. The data show that (a) these projectors do not achieve brightnesses above the mesopic level in large-screen simulator displays, (b) color output includes a 'dark-field haze' which ... |
|
| Higher Order Mechanisms of Color Vision |
12 MAY 89 |
|
| Authors:
John Krauskopf; NEW YORK UNIV N Y DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The main accomplishments have been: 1) a comprehensive study of the effects of chromatic content, blur and contrast of targets on vernier acuity and on stereo acuity; 2) the use of a new method of measuring chromatic discrimination under conditions of constant adaptation; 3) continuation of the study of the chromatic properties of single cells in the monkey cortex; and 4) experiments on the significance of color in the perception ... |
|
| A Scheiner-Principle Pocket Optometer for Self-Evaluation and Biofeedback Accommodation Training |
19 APR 1989 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
William B. Cushman; NAVAL AEROSPACE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB PENSACOLA FL
|
| Most humans tend toward myopia when presented with a visual field without sufficient detail to stimulate focusing mechanisms. This means that a pilot flying in darkness, or in an 'empty field' such as empty sky, will be likely to focus nearer the windscreen than at the optical infinity required to focus on visual targets of probable interest. Biofeedback training to counter ths problem has been limited in practical application by ... |
|
| Wavelength-Dependent and -Independent Effects of Veiling Glare on the Visibility of Head-Up Display (HUD) Symbology |
SEP 88 |
|
| Authors:
Denise C. Varner; Robert M. Cartiedge; W. R. Elliott III; Arthur R. Menendez; Roxie Carrier; KRUG INTERNATIONAL SAN ANTONIO TX TECHNOLOGY SERVICES DIV
|
| We have measured the effects of laser glare-source wavelength on the visibility of Head-Up Display (HUD) symbology. Most of the effects are due to the wavelength dependence of human illuminance sensitivity. When the human visibility function is taken into account, the magnitude of the wavelength dependence is reduced by a factor of 4.2. A second effect is a wavelength- independent effect in subjects. This second effect is directly correlated with ... |
|
| A Simple Calibration Procedure for Color CRT Displays |
14 JUL 88 |
|
| Authors:
David F. Neri; NAVAL SUBMARINE MEDICAL RESEARCH LAB GROTON CT
|
| A simple calibration procedure for color CRT displays is described. It provides a convenient means of producing colors specified in terms of their chromaticity coordinates and luminance, as well as the inverse procedure -- determining the chromaticity and luminance of displayed colors to a reasonable degree of accuracy without direct measurement. It is intended for those with access to a spectroradiometer but with little or no background in color perception ... |
|
| Higher Order Mechanisms of Color Vision |
29 JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
John Krauskopf; NEW YORK UNIV N Y DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This report covers activities since September 15, 1986. The main accomplishments have been: 1) a comprehensive study of the effects of chromatic content, blur and contrast of targets on vernier acuity and on stereo acuity; 2) the use of a new method of measuring chromatic discrimination under conditions of constant adaptation; and 3) continuation of the study of the chromatic properties of single cells in the monkey cortex. Keywords: Psychophysics, ... |
|
| Color Coding of Amplitude Data as a Means of Improving Target Detection in Passive Sonar Displays |
22 JUN 88 |
|
| Authors:
W. R. Salafia; Dino A. DaRos; Paul R. Boivin; NAVAL UNDERWATER SYSTEMS CENTER NEW LONDON CT NEW LONDON LAB
|
| The research literature dealing with the use of color in passive sonar displays is neither extensive nor consistent. A thorough review has revealed that the properly designed and controlled experiment comparing color coding with monochrome in a dynamic sonar detection display has yet to be performed. Furthermore, the studies that have shown either no improvement or degradation in performance with the introduction of color, suffer from a failure to address ... |
|
| Eye Movements and Spatial Pattern Vision |
31 MAR 88 |
|
| Authors:
Lawrence E. Arend; EYE RESEARCH INST OF RETINA FOUNDATION BOSTON MA
|
| Models of lightness and color perception must take account of human color constancy, a tendency for apparent surface color to be relatively independent of the color and intensity of the illuminating light source. Observers matched the lightnesses and brightnesses of regions in simple and complex achromatic spatial patterns. The data showed that the observers' knowledge of the surface reflectances (revealed by lightness matches) was unaffected by changing brightness of the ... |
|
| Quasi-Monochromatic Visual Environments and the Resting Point of Accommodation |
88 |
|
| Authors:
Edward Trautman; Vernon Ellingstad; Michael Lilienthal; Mary A. Trautman; SOUTH DAKOTA UNIV VERMILLION HUMAN FACTORS LAB
|
| This investigation explored the importance of color as a factor in deterioration of correct visual accommodation and involuntary regression to the resting point of accommodation. The involvement of voluntary control of accommodation processes was manipulated by requiring extended performance on a difficult visual task. Broad band red and green as well as white visual environments were presented in two related experiments. The first considered color, light level and time on ... |
|
| Laser Flash Effects on Chromatic Discrimination in Monkeys |
OCT 87 |
|
| Authors:
Elmar T. Schmeisser; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX
|
| Detecting a camouflaged target in a visually noisy background depends on the ability of the observer to discriminate the target from the surrounding terrain. Visible laser irradiation at less than damage levels can act as a masking source by compromising or reducing the observer's ability to resolve differences in the visual scene. Previous research has examined this concept by investigating laser flash effects on: acuity (size discrimination); tracking (motion discrimination); ... |
|
| Calibration and Validation of a Solid-State Anomaloscope |
JUN 87 |
|
| Authors:
George A. Geri; David F. Neri; DAYTON UNIV OH RESEARCH INST
|
| Solid state anomaloscopes whose stimuli are derived from light emitting diodes are less expensive and simpler than conventional anomaloscopes. This effort assessed the test-retest reliability and the validity of one solid state anomaloscope, and obtained normative data. Reliability and validity were assessed through the classification of 36 color defective subjects into one of five categories defined by degree of defect. When all color defectives were considered, both the validity and ... |
|
| The Perception of Brightness and Colour: Neurophysiology, Psychophysics and Computation |
27 FEB 87 |
|
| Authors:
A. J. Parker; M. J. Hawken; C. B. Blakemore; OXFORD UNIV (ENGLAND) DEPT OF PHYSIOLOGY
|
| Progress in research in 3 areas of computational visual neuroscience is summarized. The first project has assessed the receptive field organization of neurons in the primate striate cortex. A new model is proposed for cortical receptive fields based on linear combinations of difference of Gaussian functions. The second project is directed towards measuring the chromatic properties of cortical cell receptive fields. The third project is assessing current computational models of ... |
|
| Nonselective Changes in Receptive Field Organization Induced by Laser Irradiation |
APR 86 |
|
| Authors:
Harry Zwick; David O. Robbins; Timothy Westgate; LETTERMAN ARMY INST OF RESEARCH PRESIDIO OF SAN FRANCISCO CA
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| Receptive field organization of cells in the turtle optic tectum are complexly organized without evidence of traditional center surround relationships. Chromatic bleaching has been conventionally used as one means of depicting the absorption spectra of underlying photopigments and their retinal interactions. Exposure of these cells to laser radiation, however, did not produce obvious spectrally selective losses. Laser light differs from incoherent light in two fundamental ways: its narrower bandwidth and ... |
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