| Africa: U.S. Foreign Assistance Issues |
24-Nov-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Ted Dagne; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | U.S. aid to Africa reached a peak in 1985, when global competition with the Soviet Union was at a high point. After the Cold War ended, security assistance levels for Africa began to decline. In 1995, at the outset of the 104th Congress, substantial reductions in aid to Africa had been anticipated, as many questioned the importance of Africa to U.S. national security interests in the post-Cold War era. As ... |
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| Military and Veterans' Benefits: Analysis of VA Compensation Levels for Survivors of Veterans and Servicemembers |
Nov-2009 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel Bertoni; Kyle C Adams; Beverly Ross; Walter K Vance; Kirsten B Lauber; Gregory D Whitney; Daniel R Concepcion; Paul R Schearf; Melissa H Emrey-Arras; Susan L Aschoff; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
 | We study the local reactivity of molecular oxygen with bimetallic substrates of a platinum trimer island supported on nanotips of CoPt, Pt, Co, Ni, and Fe. Because of the reduced interatomic distances and varying interaction strengths with the substrates, the supported island interaction with oxygen can be tuned from stronger to weaker relative to the interaction of a freestanding island with oxygen despite that there is no well-behaved trend with ... |
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| Basrah Children's Hospital, Basrah, Iraq |
28-Jul-2009 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Angelina Johnston; Kevin O'Connor; Todd Criswell; Shawn Sassaman; OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL ARLINGTON VA SPECIAL INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR IRAQ RECONSTRUCTION
|
| On 6 January 2009, SIGIR performed an on-site assessment of the Basrah Children's Hospital in Basrah, Iraq. The objective of the project was to construct a state of the art two-story, 160,000 square foot, 94-bed acute care center, pediatric specialist hospital. Because of security concerns, SIGIR performed only an expedited one-hour assessment; therefore, a complete review of all work completed was not possible. The project was significantly behind schedule and ... |
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| Project BioShield: Purposes and Authorities |
06-Jul-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Frank Gottron; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Many potential chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) terrorism agents lack available countermeasures. In 2003, President Bush proposed Project BioShield to address this need. The Project BioShield Act became law in July 2004 (P.L. 108-276). This law has three main provisions: (1) relaxing procedures for some CBRN terrorism-related spending, including hiring and awarding research grants; (2) guaranteeing a federal government market for new CBRN medical countermeasures; and (3) permitting emergency ... |
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| Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress |
02-Jul-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Alison Siskin; Clare R Seelke; Liana S Wyler; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Trafficking in persons (TIP) for the purposes of exploitation is believed to be one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, roughly 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included ... |
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| Gaze-Following and Awareness of Visual Perspective in Chimpanzees |
Jul-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
J G Trafton; Anthony M Harrison; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Recent research suggests that chimpanzees are capable of level 1 perspective taking (Flavell, 1992), but that its expression is limited to situations of increased competition (Brauer, Call, & Tomasello, 2007). We present a model utilizing gaze-following that learns in response to the behavior of a competitor. The model not only learns the proper application of the perspective taking strategy but also the critical spatial characteristics that influence the competitive pressure. ... |
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| U.S. Budgeting for the United Nations: Process, Policy, and Problems |
Jun-2009 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
John M Armstrong; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The United States Government is the largest single contributor to the United Nations (U.N.) budget. U.S. funding consists of assessed contributions (approximately 70 percent) and voluntary contributions (the remaining 30 percent). The U.S. share of the regular U.N. budget, part of assessed contributions, has been lowered on three occasions, from 39 percent in 1946 to 32 percent in 1954, to 25 percent in 1973, and to 22 percent in 2001. ... |
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| Human Trafficking in Southeast Asia: Causes and Policy Implications |
Jun-2009 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Diana L Betz; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis examines human trafficking within Southeast Asia to identify the similarities and differences between the causes of labor and sex trafficking. The thesis also analyzes how Cambodia, Thailand, and Indonesia have tailored their anti-trafficking policies to eliminate the causes of trafficking in their populations. The causes examined are divided into two distinct categories: universal and specific. The universal causes are large-scale social issues that affect the majority of countries, ... |
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| Trafficking in Persons Report |
Jun-2009 |
325 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The Department of State is required by law to submit each year to the U.S. Congress a report on foreign governments' efforts to eliminate severe forms of trafficking in persons. This is the 9th annual TIP Report; it seeks to increase global awareness of the human trafficking phenomenon by shedding new light on various facets of the problem and highlighting shared and individual efforts of the international community, and to ... |
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| Veterans' Benefits: Pension Benefit Programs |
23-Mar-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Christine Scott; Carol D Davis; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers several pension benefit programs for veterans as well as their surviving spouses and dependent children. The most current pension programs available (for those meeting the eligibility criteria on or after January 1, 1979) are the Improved Disability Pension for certain low-income veterans and the Improved Death Pension for certain low-income surviving spouses or children of veterans. There also is a special pension for ... |
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| Transfer and Generalizability of Foreign Language Learning |
Feb-2009 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Allison Abbe; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ARLINGTON VA
|
| Knowing a foreign language provides an advantage for understanding, working in, and building relationships with a particular language community. However, military personnel can expect to encounter multiple languages in their operational experiences over a career. Thus, it is important to understand what impact learning a foreign language has beyond its applications with a specific population. This report reviews research on the extent to which foreign language proficiency facilitates further language ... |
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| The Economic Cost of Methamphetamine Use in the United States, 2005 |
Jan-2009 |
|
| Authors:
James Chiesa; Nancy Nicosia; Rosalie L Pacula; Beau Kilmer; Russell Lundberg; RAND HEALTH SANTA MONICA CA
|
| This monograph presents the first national estimate of the economic cost of methamphetamine (meth) use in the United States. The analysis suggests that the economic cost of meth use in the United States reached $23.4 billion in 2005. Given the uncertainty in estimating the costs of meth use, the study provides a lower-bound estimate of $16.2 billion and an upper-bound estimate of $48.3 billion. The analysis undertaken to generate these ... |
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| Preschool Adequacy and Efficiency in California. Issues, Policy Options, and Recommendations |
Jan-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Lynn Karoly; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA LABOR AND POPULATION
|
| Facing mounting evidence that California has fallen behind on many key indicators of educational performance, policy makers and the public share considerable interest in exploring whether California should expand public funding for preschool education. This expanded funding will be most effective if resources can be directed to their most efficient uses. Doing so requires an understanding of how resources are currently allocated, what educational objectives preschool education can help achieve, ... |
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| Standards-Based Reform in the United States: History, Research, and Future Directions |
Dec-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Brian Stecher; Laura Hamilton; Kun Yuan; RAND EDUCATION SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Standards-based reform is one of the most prominent features of the current educational landscape. Across the nation, states have adopted standards that describe the content that schools are expected to teach and that students are expected to master. The requirement for standards and aligned assessments has been a feature of federal legislation since the Improving America's Schools Act (IASA) of 1994, and it is the centerpiece of the No Child ... |
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| Building School Resilience in an Era of Multiple Threats |
01-Sep-2008 |
167 pages |
| Authors:
van; Kenneth J Sparrentak; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| There is a lack of attention towards the process of recovery in U.S. schools despite their vulnerability to natural and intentional threats with the potential of creating mass casualties. By promoting resilience as a component of recovery as is now done in Israel and the United Kingdom, the United States can empower children and the at-large community, enabling a quicker recovery. Case studies from past mass casualty incidents from a ... |
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| Preparing for Beslan: Anti-Terrorism Recommendations for an American School |
13 JUN 2008 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory D. Mittman; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The 2004 terrorist attack on a Beslan, Russia middle school left more than a hundred innocent schoolchildren dead and many more injured. In this tragedy's wake, numerous security experts offered American school officials recommendations on how to protect children in the United States. This study asks, "What anti-terrorism measures would be feasible, suitable, and acceptable in protecting an American school from an attack similar to the one that occurred in ... |
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| Immigration: Terrorist Grounds for Exclusion and Removal Aliens |
20 MAY 2008 |
|
| Authors:
Michael J. Garcia; Ruth E. Wasem; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) spells out a strict set of admissions criteria and exclusion rules for all foreign nationals who come permanently to the United States as immigrants (i.e., legal permanent residents) or temporarily as nonimmigrants. Notably, any alien who engages in terrorist activity, or is a representative or member of a designated foreign terrorist organization, is generally inadmissible. After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the INA ... |
|
| Country Reports on Terrorism 2007 |
Apr-2008 |
313 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF THE COORDINATOR FOR COUNTERTERRORISM
|
| AL-QA'IDA AND ASSOCIATED TRENDS: Al-Qa'ida (AQ) and associated networks remained the greatest terrorist threat to the United States and its partners in 2007. It has reconstituted some of its pre-9/11 operational capabilities through the exploitation of Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), replacement of captured or killed operational lieutenants, and the restoration of some central control by its top leadership, in particular Ayman al-Zawahiri. Although Usama bin Ladin remained the ... |
|
| Suicide Attacks on the Rise |
01-Mar-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| The last six weeks has brought some of the worst violence in Afghanistan since 2001. In 2007, there were more than 230 Improvised Explosive Device (IED) attacks and 145 suicide attacks. Casualty rates were at least 25 percent higher in 2007 than the previous year. In the past 18 months, IED attacks have targeted numerous police and army busses, a group of legislators outside a factory at Baghlan, a five-star ... |
|
| Drug Intoxicated Irregular Fighters: Complications, Dangers, and Responses |
MAR 2008 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Paul R. Kan; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The complexity of many ongoing and persistent conflicts in the post-Cold War is partially attributed to the widespread presence of drug intoxicated irregular fighters. Drug consumption in contemporary wars has coincided with the use of child soldiers, has led to increased unpredictability among irregular fighters, provided the conditions for the breakdown of social controls and commission of atrocities, and caused the lessening of command and control among the ranks. Although ... |
|
| Pediatric Care as Part of the US Army Medical Mission in the Global War on Terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq, December 2001 to December 2004 |
FEB 2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Mark W. Burnett; Philip C. Spinella; Kenneth S. Azarow; Charles W. Callahan; TRIPLER ARMY MEDICAL CENTER HI
|
| OBJECTIVE. Our objective in this report was to describe the epidemiologic features of and workload associated with pediatric admissions to 12 US Army military hospitals deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. METHODS. The Patient Administration Systems and Biostatistics Activity database was queried for all local national patients |
|
| Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress |
10 JAN 2008 |
|
| Authors:
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Trafficking in people for prostitution and forced labor is one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, roughly 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included in the total world ... |
|
| Thinking About America's Defense. An Analytical Memoir |
Jan-2008 |
|
| Authors:
David Ochmanek; Michael Spirtas; Glenn A Kent; Bruce R Pirnie; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Glenn Altran Kent was a uniquely acute player in American defense policy in the second half of the 20th century. From 1957, when he joined the Weapons Plans Division of the Air Staff in the Pentagon, until his retirement from active duty in 1974, he was among the most perceptive and influential officers in the United States Air Force. For the next two decades, from his perch at the RAND ... |
|
| U.S. Africa Command and the Principle of Active Security (Joint Force Quarterly, Issue 51, 4th Quarter 2008) |
Jan-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
William E Ward; Thomas P Galvin; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| In 2000, the Zambezi River experienced significant flooding, and the nation of Mozambique was ill equipped to deal with the humanitarian disaster that followed. Homes were swept away, thousands of people were displaced, and 700 perished, leading to the deployment of a U.S. civilian disaster assistance response team and U.S. military forces to provide medical assistance and security to help Mozambique stabilize the situation. Although floods on the Zambezi have ... |
|
| Iron Deficiency and Obesity: The Contribution of Inflammation and Diminished Iron Absorption |
Jan-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
James P McClung; James P Karl; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA MILITARY NUTRITION DIV
|
| Poor iron status affects billions of people worldwide. The prevalence of obesity continues to rise in both developed and developing nations. An association between iron status and obesity has been described in children and adults. The mechanism explaining this relationship remains unknown; however, findings from recent reports suggest that body mass index and inflammation predict iron absorption and affect the response to iron fortification. The relationship between inflammation and iron ... |
|
| Community Notification Laws |
01-Dec-2007 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Michael B Speck; NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV FARGO
|
| Community notification was a political response to repeat sex offending fueled by activists and the media's demand for rigid control of sex offenders; however, notification has failed to provide community protection from sex offenders. Data suggest the laws adversely affect the offender's ability to reintegrate into society and have unintended consequences for many others, including the offender's family, other innocent individuals, and the community. Furthermore, a false sense of security ... |
|
| Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of Gatifloxacin in a Lethal Murine Bacillus Anthracis Inhalation Infection Model |
DEC 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Paul G. Ambrose; Alan Forrest; William A. Craig; Christopher M. Rubino; Sujata M. Bhavnani; George L. Drusano; Henery S. Heine; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
|
| We determined the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) measure most predictive of gatifloxacin efficacy and the magnitude of this measure necessary for survival in a murine Bacillus anthracis inhalation infection model. We then used population pharmacokinetic models for gatifloxacin and simulation to identify dosing regimens with high probabilities of attaining exposures likely to be efficacious in adults and children. In this work, 6- to 8-week-old nonneutropenic female BALB/c mice received aerosol challenges of ... |
|
| Immigration: Terrorist Grounds for Exclusion and Removal of Aliens |
12 OCT 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Michael J. Garcia; Ruth E. Wasem; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) spells out a strict set of admissions criteria and exclusion rules for all foreign nationals who come permanently to the United States as immigrants (i.e., legal permanent residents) or temporarily as nonimmigrants. Notably, any alien who engages in terrorist activity, or is a representative or member of a designated foreign terrorist organization, is generally inadmissible. After the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the INA ... |
|
| Preclinical Mouse Models of Neurofibromatosis |
OCT 2007 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin Shannon; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN FRANCISCO
|
| This report describes the seventh year of research, and the second under this award, by a Consortium of investigators who have been continuously funded by this Program to develop, characterize, and utilize strains of mice that accurately model tumors found in persons with NF1 and NF2. This Consortium has generated many novel models of NF1 and NF2-associated tumors and has exploited these strains to investigate biologic and preclinical questions. These ... |
|
| Propagating A*: Searching State Graphs in Order to Find a Valid Instrument Approach Configuration |
SEP 2007 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Trent L. Bottin; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The helicopter community has consistently been overlooked in the development of the National Airspace System. The unique flight characteristics of these aircraft make them ideally suited for a wide range of missions that are critical to national defense, medical first response and disaster relief. Full exploitation of these capabilities is limited during inclimate weather because the existing airspace plan was developed around fixed wing aircraft. More specifically, the Federal Aviation ... |
|
| Models for Serially Correlated Over or Underdispersed Unequally Spaced Longitudinal Count Data with Applications to Asthma Inhaler Use |
AUG 2007 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Stephanie L. Bruce; COLARADO UNIV AT DENVER DEPT OF PREVENTATIVE MEDICINE AND BIOMETRICS
|
| This research focuses on longitudinal count data methods that do not conform to the well-behaved properties of normality. Potential complications that can arise with longitudinal count data are serial correlation, subject heterogeneity, underdispersion (or overdispersion), and unequally spaced or missing data. Many of the current models in the literature address one or two of the potential complications, but currently there is not a model that addresses all of the complications ... |
|
| Breast Cancer and Early Onset Childhood Obesity: Cell Specific Gene Expression in Mammary Epithelia and Adipocytes |
JUL 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Ignacio G. Camarillo; Maxine Nichols; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN
|
| Obesity has become a major health problem in children and adults and is associated with increased breast cancer incidence and mortality The epidemic of childhood obesity is recent and little information exists regarding its association with mammary tumongenesis Towards better understanding this relationship we have developed and characterized a new rat model of childhood onset Diet Induced Obesity (DIO) and breast cancer We have shown that young female rats fed ... |
|
| Trafficking in Persons: U.S. Policy and Issues for Congress |
20 JUN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Claire M. Ribando; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Trafficking in people for prostitution and forced labor is one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, roughly 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included in the total world ... |
|
| Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment |
26 APR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Henry Cohen; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| This report provides an overview of the major exceptions to the First Amendment -- of the ways that the Supreme Court has interpreted the guarantee of freedom of speech and press to provide no protection or only limited protection for some types of speech. For example, the Court has decided that the First Amendment provides no protection to obscenity, child pornography, or speech that constitutes advocacy of the use of ... |
|
| The Long War and the Forgotten Families: Dual-Military Couples |
22 MAR 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Mearen C. Bethea; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The all-volunteer Army brought about tremendous changes in military service since its inception in 1973. One of the significant current challenges for the Army is the marriage of one military service member to another military service member -- officially known as a dual-military couple. The number of dual-military families has been increasing since the military provided the opportunity. The current long war has exerted significant pressure on military families, especially ... |
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| Vrouwen bij de Koninklijke Landmacht: Een Onderzoek naar de Maatregelen die het Behoud en de Doorstroom van Vrouwelijke Militairen Verbeteren (Women in the Royal Netherlands Army: Measures for Retention and Career Development) |
FEB 2007 |
|
| Authors:
I. E. van Bemmel; G. C. van Sloten; M. Willemsen; L. de Koning; M. den Hoedt; N. Riep; TNO DEFENCE SECURITY AND SAFETY SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| In this study we identified factors that influence retention and career development of women in the Royal Netherlands Army (RNLA). These factors were identified by conducting a literature study. We discussed these factors with female soldiers and this resulted in a list of possible measures. Afterwards a large group of female soldiers filled in a questionnaire prioritizing these measures. The result is a set of recommendations and 15 specific measures ... |
|
| Perennial Polyculture Farming: Seeds of Another Agricultural Revolution? |
2007 |
|
| Authors:
James A. Dewar; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| James Dewar presents arguments in favor of perennial polyculture farming as a positive contribution to a wide variety of global problems and suggests actions that should be taken to explore that promise further. He explains perennial polyculture farming and differences between it and annual monoculture farming. He explores its association with reversing environmental degradation; redressing the loss of biodiversity; reducing worldwide hunger, malnutrition, and energy use; and improving the health ... |
|
| Trafficking in Persons: The U.S. and International Response |
07 JUL 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Francis T. Miko; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Trafficking in people for prostitution and forced labor is one of the most prolific areas of international criminal activity and is of significant concern to the United States and the international community. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. According to the most recent Department of State estimates, between 600,000 and 800,000 people are trafficked across borders each year. If trafficking within countries is included in the ... |
|
| Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis W/WR279396 Phase II Study. Addendum |
JUL 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Pierre Buffet; CENTRE DE RECEHERCHE CLINIQUE INST DE PARIS (FRANCE)
|
| In the previous GCP phase 2 clinical study (HSRRB Log# A-9768.1) using investigational drug WR279396, cure rate was found to be 95.8% when evaluated at D50 with no relapse at D180 against L. major Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). During this reporting period, a second phase 2 clinical study was conceived written and initiated (HSRRB Log# A-9768.2 entitled "Topical Treatment of Old World Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with WR279396: Efficacy and tolerance ... |
|
| The Design and Analysis of Pediatric Vaccine Formularies: Theory and Practice |
22 JUN 2006 |
153 pages |
| Authors:
Shane N. Hall; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMAPIGN
|
| Vaccination against infectious disease is hailed as one of the greatest public health achievements. However, the United States Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule is becoming increasingly complex, often requiring numerous separate injections in a single pediatric visit. To address the issue of vaccine delivery complexity, vaccine manufacturers have developed combination vaccines that immunize against several diseases in a single injection. These combination vaccines are creating challenges such as how these vaccines ... |
|
| Freedom of Speech and Press: Exceptions to the First Amendment |
02 JUN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Henry Cohen; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution provides that "Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press...." This language restricts government both more and less than it would if it were applied literally. It restricts government more in that it applies not only to Congress, but to all branches of the Federal Government, and to all branches of state and local government. It restricts government ... |
|
| Pediatric Trauma: Experience of a Combat Support Hospital in Iraq |
MAY 2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca McGuigan; Philip C. Spinella; Alec Beekley; James Sebesta; Jeremy Perkins; Kurt Grathwohl; Kenneth Azarow; MARTIN ARMY COMMUNITY HOSPITAL FORT BENNING GA DEPT OF SURGERY
|
| The mission of the combat support hospital (CSH) is to evaluate and treat combatants injured during war operations. The 31st CSH in Balad and Baghdad, Iraq, during Operation Iraqi Freedom 2 also treated many injured civilians, including children. The purpose of this article is to report the experience of the 31st CSH treating pediatric trauma patients. |
|
| Methods University Health System Can Use to Expand Medicaid Coverage to Uninsured Poor Parents with Medicaid Eligible Children: Policy Analysis |
15 MAR 2006 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
III McMahon Robert T.; UNIVERSITY HEALTH SYSTEM SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| Bexar County, low-income, uninsured parents with Medicaid-eligible children have been negatively impacted by reductions in Medicaid eligibility standards made by the Texas State Legislature in 2003 and the continuing reduction in local employer-sponsored insurance. The cost for providing health care to this population has fallen to Bexar County residents through local taxes in support of the county hospital, University Health System. Alternatives to improve access to care for this population ... |
|
| Human Trafficking and the Impact on National Security for the United States |
15 MAR 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Sandra L. Keefer; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Human trafficking, like prostitution, has been around for many years. It is a fact that more money than one can imagine has been made selling humans to the highest bidder. It is also a fact that money made from human trafficking finds its way into the hands of drug lords. Drug lords then turn around and give the money to support terrorist activities. This could not have been made more ... |
|
| Interrelationships of Prenatal and Postnatal Growth, Hormones, Diet, and Breast Cancer |
MAR 2006 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
Maureen Sanderson; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT HOUSTON
|
| The purpose of this Career Development Award was to expand Dr. Sanderson's current breast cancer research from the effect of intrauterine exposure to estrogen on breast cancer to the interrelationships of prenatal and postnatal growth, hormones, diet and breast cancer. Based on these interrelationships, we hypothesized that insulin resistance would be positively associated with breast cancer, and that genetic susceptibility, and adolescent/adult diet and physical activity would modify the effect ... |
|
| Operation Enduring Freedom: The 48th Combat Support Hospital in Afghanistan |
MAR 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Alan L. Bettler; Glenn W. Wortmann; Luke J. Hofmann; Jr Goff James M.; WALTER REED ARMY MEDICAL CENTER WASHINGTON DC
|
| To examine the experience of the 48th Combat Support Hospital (CSH) while deployed to Afghanistan, with an emphasis on trauma care. Materials and Methods: Before redeployment, a retrospective review was performed on the medical records of all patients treated at the 48th CSH from December 6, 2002 through June 7, 2003. Results: During the 6-month period, 10,679 patients were evaluated and/or treated. There were 477 hospital admissions (adults, 387; children, ... |
|
| Oral Administration of N-Acetyl-D Glucosamine Polymer Particles Down-Regulates Airway Allergic Responses |
MAR 2006 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Yoshimi Shibata; EAST CAROLINA UNIV GREENVILLE NC
|
| This is an annual report of the 3rd grant year. PI and 2 Research Associates moved to the current Institute in 2003 from East Carolina University. The project was re-started in December 2004 with approval of no-cost extension until 512312008. We established that our chitin particle preparations induce phagocytic macrophages to produce cytokines (IL-12, IL-18 and TNFo) that down-regulate allergic immune responses. We also found that administration of chitin particles ... |
|
| The Role of TSC1 in the Formation and Maintenance of Excitatory Synapses |
MAR 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Bernardo L. Sabatini; HARVARD UNIV BOSTON MA
|
| Tuberous Sclerosis (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by benign tumors of many organs. The majority of TSC patients are identified as children and most have neurological symptoms including mental retardation and epilepsy. Although it is known that TSC results from mutations in either the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, the pathogenesis of the neurological disorder is unclear. One possibility, inspired by gross pathological findings, is that the presence ... |
|
| Divorce and the Military |
07-Feb-2006 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John T Gordon; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| With increasing frequency, more service members deployed to combat zones are encountering ambushes on their flanks and rear by their closest allies: their spouses. Imagine the plight of a member of the United States military serving abroad in a combat zone: while deployed, his spouse leaves him, files for divorce, moves his children, and sells his possessions. During his deployment, he is frozen in a state of legal stasis, unable ... |
|
| The Role of the Neurofibromin-Syndecan-CASK Complex in the Regulation of Synaptic Ras-MAPK Signaling and Dendritic Spine Plasticity |
FEB 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Gang-Yi Wu; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
|
| NF1 is a common dominant genetic disorder characterized by multiple benign and malignant tumors of neural origin and, often, cognitive deficits in children. How mutations in the NF1 gene lead to severe learning deficits is largely unknown. The objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that the newly identified NF1-Syndecan2-CASK signaling complex plays an essential role in the regulation of synaptic Ras-MAPK activity and dendritic spine maturation. Using ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
CHILDREN
