| Transition in Gas Turbine Engine Control System Architecture: Modular, Distributed, Embedded |
Aug-2009 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Al Behbahani; Dennis Culley; Bill Mailander; Dewey Benson; Bruce Wood; Derek Weber; Bill Rhoden; Gary Hunter; Casey Carter; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
 | Presentations from the Distributed Engine Control Working Group included: Vision and need for future turbine engine control; Implementation and technology challenges; High temperature electronics; Innovation and entry barriers. |
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| Solution Deposition Methods for Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors |
Jun-2009 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Ervin; Natalie Salaets; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
|
| This study evaluated different methods for controlled deposition of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) from solution onto a silicon substrate to make CNT field-effect transistors (FETs). The goal of this deposition was to achieve reproducible device properties through more uniform CNT densities and other traits. This method serves as an easier, room temperature alternative to chemical vapor deposition growth. Three different types of CNT solutions were spun onto substrates: pristine tubes solubilized ... |
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| Real-time Intelligent Chemical and Biological Nanosensors on Flexible Platform - II |
Mar-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Govind Mallick; Shashi P Karna; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| In this report, we investigate the current rectification property of chemical vapor deposited (CVD), as-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). We use the long strands of SWNT bundles to fabricate multiple arrays of switching devices with channel lengths of 3, 5, 7, and 10 micrometer on a 15 x 15 mm2 silicon dioxide (SiO2) on silicon (Si) substrate. A majority of the fabricated devices, regardless of channel length, showed current rectification ... |
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| Rapid Detection and Response Systems for Bio-Defense |
Nov-2008 |
219 pages |
| Authors:
Dietmar Rempfer; Victor Perez-Luna; ILLINOIS INST OF TECH CHICAGO
|
| Part 1: Optimal Solution of the Direct and Inverse Problems of Contaminant and Bio-agent Dispersion. The general goal of this project is to develop practical methods for both the prediction of the dispersive spread of contaminants in the atmosphere, and for the localization of the source of contaminants once they are detected. Part II: The ChemArray Sensor Platform Development of a prototype bio-detector has proceeded through the following activities: development ... |
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| Decontamination Workshop for Emergency Responding Personnel "How Clean is Clean Enough" 12-14 September 2007 |
01-Sep-2008 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Gary Eifried; Michael DeZearn; EAI CORP ABINGDON MD
|
| The Decontamination Workshop, How Clean is Clean Enough? was conducted 12-14 September 2007 at Aberdeen Marriott, Aberdeen MD. The purpose was to determine an acceptable level of decontamination for victims before they can be released from a chemical incident site. Answers to this difficult question will influence ongoing and future decontamination equipment performance standards. The workshop brought together individuals from federal, state, and local agencies so that all pertinent concerns ... |
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| Detailed Field Investigation of Vapor Intrusion Processes |
01-Sep-2008 |
339 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas E McHugh; Tim N Nickels; GSI ENVIRONMENTAL INC HOUSTON TX
|
| The primary objective of this demonstration study was to identify a cost effective and accurate protocol for investigation of vapor intrusion into buildings overlying contaminated groundwater. Intensively monitored sites, such as the Borden Landfill in Canada, have greatly contributed to our understanding of the physical and chemical processes that control the transport of chemicals in groundwater. For this project, we have used a similar approach (i.e., intensively monitored sites with ... |
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| Free Radical Damage and Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: in vivo in situ Sensing |
Jul-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
ILLINOIS UNIV CHAMPAIGN
|
| Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most pervasive sources of reduced auditory acuity, the biochemistry of which is incompletely understood. We hope to clarify the role of reactive oxygen species frequently associated with NIHL, and in the process demonstrate technology generally applicable to studying small-molecule chemistry in the inner ear. Inner ear structures (cochlea) show evidence of damage by ROS correlated with NIHL. It is unclear whether this ... |
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| Temporal-Spectral Detection in Long Wave Infrared Hyperspectral Imagery |
JUN 2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel C. Heinz; Charles E. Davidson; Avishai Ben-David; SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORP EDGEWOOD MD
|
| Ground-based staring hyperspectral chemical detectors allow for repeated measurements through time with near-perfect image registration. The problem with standard spectral based hyperspectral detection algorithms is that they do not make effective use of this temporal information. In this paper we show that significant improvements in detection performance for staring geometry can be made by making use of statistical information obtained from previous samples and new temporal-spectral detection algorithms are developed. ... |
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| Electronics Devices and Materials |
17-Mar-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Justin Lorentzen; Milton Rebbert; Eric Jackson; Connie Kornegay; Scott Messenger; Jennifer Hite; Paul Marshall; John Neilson; SFA INC CROFTON MD
|
| During the past year, SFA, Inc., has conducted a broad range of research in the Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Electronics Science and Technology Division. This research was both theoretical and experimental involving the development of analytical, fabrication, diagnostic and characterization techniques. Several areas were emphasized: solid state electronics, semiconductor materials, biochemical sensors, opto-electronics, and a special emphasis was placed on silicon, III-V compound semiconductors, reliability physics of electronic devices and ... |
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| Monitoring of Water and Contaminant Migration at the Groundwater-Surface Water Interface (ER200422) |
01-Jan-2008 |
326 pages |
| Authors:
B Chadwick; A Hawkins; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The objective of this project was to field, demonstrate and evaluate the effectiveness of two technologies for characterizing coastal contaminate migration, specifically (1) that the Trident probe can be used to help delineate areas where groundwater seepage is occurring and Contaminant of Concern concentrations in those areas, (2) that the UltraSeep system can be used to quantify the flow of groundwater and concentration of contaminants that may be impinging on ... |
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| Developing ChemFin(TradeMark), a Miniature Biogeochemical Sensor Payload for Gliders, Profilers, and other AUVs |
Jan-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Anne Kusterbeck; Alfred K Hanson; SUBCHEM SYSTEMS INC NARRAGANSETT RI
|
| The first goal of this project involves the further development and transition of ChemFIN(TradeMark), a prototype autonomous profiling sensor for chemicals and biomolecules, into a commercial product that can be readily deployed on fixed or mobile ocean observation platforms such as coastal gliders, profiling moorings, and propeller driven unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). The second goal of this project is to integrate a flow immunosensor technology, developed by researchers at the ... |
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| Low Level Exposure to Sulfur Mustard: Development of a SOP for Analysis of Albumin Adducts and of a System for Non-Invasive Diagnosis on Skin |
AUG 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dann Noort; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
 | The research described in this report is focused on the development of methods for diagnosis of exposure to chemical agents. In Volume I, the development of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for diagnosis of exposure to sulfur mustard is described, based on mass spectrometric analysis of the sulfur mustard-adducted tripeptide (S-(2-hydroxylethylthioethyl)-Cys-Pro-Phe), derived from albumin. The SOP for the tripeptide adduct was successfully demonstrated to a scientist of USAMRICD. The method ... |
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| Development of Sampling Methods for Powders and Soil for Detection of Biothreat Agents by Electrochemiluminecence |
JUN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
H. G. Thompson; R. E. Fulton; J. Ranches; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SUFFIELD (ALBERTA)
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| The M1M (BioVeris Corporation), an automated electrochemiluminscent (ECL) assay instrument, has been shown to be a technology that is robust and tolerant of samples in a variety of complex matrices; however, methods for sampling of powders and soils in the field for processing on the M1M have not been described. This report describes the development of simple and reproducible methods that may be used for field sampling of powders and ... |
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| Center for Coastline Security Technology, Year-2 |
01 MAY 2007 |
280 pages |
| Authors:
Stewart Glegg; William Glenn; Borko Furht; P. P. Beaujean; G. Frisk; S. Schock; K. VonEllenrieder; P. Ananthakrishnan; E. An; R. Granata; FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIV BOCA RATON
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| The Center for Coastline Security Technology (CCST) focuses on research, simulation, and evaluation of coastal defense and marine domain awareness equipment, sensors, and components. It builds upon the existing efforts and expertise in coastal systems and sensor research at the Institute for Ocean and Systems Engineering (IOSE), the Imaging Technology Center, the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, and the University Consortium for Intermodal Transportation Safety and Security at Florida ... |
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| Detection of Buried Mines and Unexploded Ordnance (UXO) |
20 APR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
David Heberlein; Bohdan Balko; Isaac Chappell; John Biddle; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Most military and commercial detectors sense the presence of metal casings or components of buried mines or explosive ordnance; however, this traditional approach to mine and unexploded ordnance (UXO) detection is prone to high false alarm rates. Explosive components, common to all mines and ordnance devices, offer a unique discriminator among buried objects. Two approaches to detect buried explosive devices directly are investigated: chemical trace detection, which relies on detecting ... |
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| Incubation and Growth of Life Sciences, Medical and Biotechnology Businesses in Proteomics, Genomics, Medicine, and Dentistry |
APR 2007 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S. Long; Brian C. Laughlin; Justin M. Wiseman; Timothy Pyle; Kevin J. Boscacci; Katia Rothhaar; Cynthia J. Helphingstine; ADVANCED RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY INST INDIANAPOLIS IN
|
| Trace level detection of chemical warfare agent simulants and biological toxins by desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) has been demonstrated. The detection of several chemical agent simulants as well as peptide and fungal toxins was shown at picogram levels from a variety of surfaces and in the presence of potential matrix interferences. In addition the detection of intact bacterial cells was also demonstrated. Smears of cells taken from cultures were analyzed ... |
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| Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) System Technology Assessment |
FEB 2007 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Kooistra; John D. Walther; Lindsey Wurster; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research, with support from Army client organizations and funding from Army Science and Technology Objective (STO) IV.ME.2004.03, is developing an Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) system to provide rapid toxicity identification for a broad spectrum of chemicals in water. A critical initial phase of the STO is to test and evaluate toxicity sensor technologies (also called ESB system technologies). Because there are a number ... |
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| Mobile Robot Enabled Detection of Explosives and Biological Agents |
01 NOV 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory W. Auner; Abhilash Pandya; Golam Newaz; Grant Gerhart; Greg Hudas; Andrew Scott; Janet Jensen; Joseph Smolinski; Michelle Brusatori; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI SMART SENSORS AND INTEGRATED MICROSYSTEMS (SSIM) PROGRAM
|
| Detection of chemical agents such as explosives and biological agents in air and water is of current importance. The integration of micro sensors for agent detection into a robotic system can greatly enhance the safety and efficacy of the detection system. Our research aim is two-fold. 1) To create a sensing system that can detect chemical agents in explosives and biological agents in air and water and 2) to implement ... |
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| SHIMCAD Breadboard: Design and Characterization |
16 OCT 2006 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Christoph R. Englert; David D. Babcock; John M. Harlander; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report covers the first phase of the Spatial Heterodyne Imager for Chemicals and Atmospheric Detection (SHIMCAD) project. The two goals of this phase were (1) to design and build a non-field-widened LWIR SHS breadboard interferometer with primarily off-the-shelf parts and using fixed angles and distances within the interferometer so that no post integration alignment is required and (2) to characterize the interferometer's wavelength calibration, phase distortion, and zero path ... |
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| Reliable Classification of High Explosive and Chemical/Biological Artillery Using Acoustic Sensors |
01 OCT 2006 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Myron E. Hohil; Sachi Desai; Amir Morcos; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER PICATINNY ARSENAL NJ
|
| The Army is currently developing acoustic sensor systems that will provide extended range surveillance, detection, and identification for force protection and tactical security. A network of such sensors remotely deployed in conjunction with a central processing node (or gateway) will provide early warning and assessment of enemy threats, near real-time situational awareness to commanders, and may reduce potential hazards to the soldier. In contrast, the current detection of chemical/biological (CB) ... |
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| A Compact Frequency Agile Mid-Infrared Airborne Lidar |
Oct-2006 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
E V Degtiarev; LASEN INC LAS CRUCES NM
|
|
| Fulfilling the Roosevelts' Vision for American Naval Power (1923-2005) |
30 JUN 2006 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Don DeYoung; Jill Dahlburg; Richard Bevilacqua; Gerald Borsuk; Jay Boris; Simon Chang; Richard Colton; Robert Eisenhauer; Herbert Eppert; Edward Franchi; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Since its establishment on July 2, 1923, the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) has excelled in its mission of conducting a broadly based multidisciplinary program of scientific research and advanced technological development directed toward maritime applications of new and improved materials; techniques; equipment; systems; and ocean, atmospheric, and space sciences and related technologies. Products of the Laboratory include a number of innovations that have revolutionized the capabilities of the United States ... |
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| Integrated Nanoscale Nanowire Correlated Electronic Nanosensing Technology (INNOCENT) |
JUN 2006 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M. Lieber; HARVARD COLL CAMBRIDGE MA PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS
|
| Development of highly-integrated, ultra-sensitive real-time electronic sensor arrays for detection of chemical and biological threats has been carried out by exploiting the unique electronic properties and integration potential of nanowire electronic devices. Silicon nanowires have been developed and assembled into arrays of sensor elements that provide highly-robust and specific ultra-sensitive species identification while at the same time dramatically reducing false positives. Sensor modalities developed in this project are based on ... |
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| Chemical and Biological Defense Program Annual Report to Congress |
MAR 2006 |
334 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF THE UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE FOR ACQUISITION TECHNOLOGY AND LOGISTICS WASHINGTON DC
|
| This Annual Report of the Department of Defense (DOD) Chemical and Biological Defense Program (CBDP) provides information in response to several reporting requirements. First, this report is provided in accordance with 50 U.S. Code Section 1523. (The complete reporting requirement is detailed at Annex L) This report is intended to assess: (1) the overall readiness of the Armed Forces to fight in a chemical biological (CB) warfare environment and steps ... |
|
| General Atomics Smart Microsensors - FY05 Laboratory Fire Test Results |
31 OCT 2005 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Mark H. Hammond; Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; Daniel T. Gottuk; James A. Lynch; Duane Tillett; Holger H. Streckert; Frederick W. Williams; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CHEMISTRY DIV
|
| This report describes the cermet sensors and system control software recently evaluated in laboratory tests for shipboard damage control. The tests were conducted to generate a database of sensor responses to fire and nuisance sources for algorithm development, and to develop fire detection alarm algorithms. In this work, the cermet sensors incorporate four sensors with multivariate analysis methods and classification algorithms for detecting a wide variety of analytes, including toxic ... |
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| Microscale Electrospinning of Polymer Nanowires for Sensing Applications |
SEP 2005 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Royal F. Kessick; John Fenn; SENTOR TECHNOLOGIES INC GLEN ALLEN VA
|
| All project tasks have been completed. Prototype chemical and infrared sensors have been fabricated and tested and the performance parameters (presented below) are extremely promising. In addition a new fiber processing technology based on supercritical fluids has been developed and demonstrated. Finally, new polymeric helical structures have been developed and tested and represent a new technology for microscale sensing and actuation. At this time three journal articles (two in Applied ... |
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| An Assessment of the GoldenEye-50 Operator Control Unit |
SEP 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Catherine N. Jacobson; Cheryl A. Burns; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERINGDIRECTORATE
|
| The GoldenEye-50, developed by Aurora Flight Sciences, was selected by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency as one of multiple candidates to provide the basic platform for the Organic Air Vehicle II program for expected integration into the U.S. Army's Future Combat System program. The GoldenEye-50 is a transportable (approximately 18 lb) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with vertical take-off and landing capability. It is designed to carry a payload to ... |
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| Characteristics and Sampling Efficiencies of Two BioGuardian(Registered) 12.03 Aerosol Samplers |
24 AUG 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Jane Kesavan; K. A. Hottell; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Sampler characteristics and sampling efficiency measurements of two BioGuardian(Registered) 12.03 (BG12.03) air samplers were determined in this study. The BG12.03 has 12 cyclones and is designed for an airflow rate of 1000 L/min. The sampling efficiency tests were conducted using 1-, 2-, and 3-micrometer fluorescent polystyrene latex (PSL) microspheres, and 4.5-, 5-, and 8.5-micrometer sodium fluorescein tagged oleic acid (fluorescent oleic acid) particles. The samples were analyzed by fluorometry. The ... |
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| Application of Solid Phase Microextraction with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid, Reliable, and Safe Method for Field Sampling and Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agent Precursors |
17 AUG 2005 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas K. Parrish; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOMETRICS
|
| Solid phase microextraction was combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) for detection of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the headspace above deionized (DI) water samples, with linear results that were sensitive to below Department of Defense short-term drinking water standards. HCN and several common volatile organic contaminants were also detected in 3 water types in a laboratory and field setting. The method provides an advantage over the standard drinking water detection ... |
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| Application of Solid Phase Microextraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid Method for Field Sampling and Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agents and Toxic Industrial Chemicals |
17 AUG 2005 |
120 pages |
| Authors:
Gary L. Hook; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOMETRICS
|
| The first question that must be answered prior to substantive quantitative exposure monitoring, regardless of the sampling and analysis method employed, is: What chemicals are present? In order to answer this question rapidly, there is increasing demand for field analysis of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds with instrumentation that provides definitive identification. The military's interest in this capability stems from Presidential Review Directive 5 and other Department of Defense implementing ... |
|
| Chemical Biological Defense Conference |
17 AUG 2005 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond A. Mackay; JOINT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PANEL ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| DoD Non-Medical Technology Base Processes, Joint Science & Technology Panel for Chemical/Biological Defense, (1) addresses all phases of research in five commodity areas (modeling/simulation, detection, individual protection, collective protection, decontamination); (2) Executed by Principal Investigators within Service labs; (3) Utilizes proposal-driven process focused by user-developed desired operational capabilities; (4) Responsive to development/acquisition program; (5) Managed as fully Joint Services program. |
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| Integration of Sensor Technologies into Respirator Vapor Cartridges as End-of-Service-Life Indicators: Literature and Manufacturer's Review and Research Roadmap |
06 MAY 2005 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; Monica L. Williams; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report provides a state-of-the-art review of sensor integration into respirator vapor cartridges for end-of-service-life indication (ESLI). The study identifies current research and available products for use as ESLI. In addition, this report provides a road map for research and development to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL). The approach was to conduct a literature survey and to have detailed discussions ... |
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| Chemical Detection Systems Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis Environment |
29 MAR 2005 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
J. Soller; M. Jones; J. Dubow; Z. Cha; S. Pandita; COGNITECH CORP SALT LAKE UT
|
| Accurate modeling and simulation of sensors is necessary to develop, test, and evaluate effective detection systems and decision support systems. The research performed in this Phase II SBlR contract developed a generalized architecture, framework, and methodology for the modeling and simulation of chemical and biological (CB) detectors. The software environment integrates atmospheric models, detector models, uncertainty measures, and a variety of time-synchronization and model composition capabilities. This framework provides distributed ... |
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| Development of the AIRIS-WAD Multispectral Sensor for Airborne Standoff Chemical Agent and Toxic Industrial Chemical Detection |
FEB 2005 |
|
| Authors:
William J. Marinelli; Christopher M. Gittins; Bogdan C. Cosofret; Teoman E. Ustun; James O. Jensen; PHYSICAL SCIENCES INC ANDOVER MA
|
| The AIRIS Wide Area Detection System breadboard was employed in an airborne configuration to detect chemical agent simulant releases during the Technology Readiness Evaluations conducted at Dugway Proving Grounds in July 2002 (TRE-02) and at the Joint Urban 2003 tests at Oklahoma City, OK in July 2003. The observations were conducted from a gyro-stabilized pointing system mounted on a UH-1 helicopter and conducted at ranges up to ~7 km and ... |
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| Transitioning Submersible Chemical Analyzer Technologies for Sustained, Autonomous Observations from Profiling Moorings, Gliders and other AUVs |
01-Jan-2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Casey Moore; Richard Arrieta; Alfred K Hanson; Percy L Donaghay; SUBCHEM SYSTEMS INC JAMESTOWN RI
|
| The long term goal is to transition existing prototype autonomous profiling nutrient analyzers into commercial products that can be readily deployed on autonomous profiling moorings, coastal gliders and propeller driven unmanned underwater vehicles and used for sustained, autonomous ocean observations of chemical distributions and variability. A series of issues have been identified that need to be addressed. These issues are; (1) a more compact size, (2) reduced reagent and power ... |
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| Water-Quality Data, Huron County, Michigan 2004 |
2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph W. Duris; Sheridan K. Haack; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a survey of water quality and quantity in Huron County, Michigan from 1988-1990 (Sweat, 1992). In that study atrazine, a widelyused agricultural herbicide with possible endocrine-disrupting effects was detected in 9 of 9 surface-water samples. Metolachlor, metribuzin, prometone, simazine, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and dichlorprop (2,4-DP) were also detected at some surface-water sites. One pesticide, 2,4,5- trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), was detected in two monitoring wells. ... |
|
| Compilation of Concentrations of Total Selenium in Water, Coal in Bottom Material, and Field Measurement Data for Selected Streams in Eastern Kentucky, July 1980 |
2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Maureen A. Downing-Kunz; Michael D. Unthank; Angela S. Crain; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| Selenium is a naturally occurring element that is both an essential micronutrient and is toxic to aquatic wildlife at concentrations exceeding sufficiency. Industrial activities such as surface mining may result in selenium concentrations exceeding regulatory criteria for the protection of wildlife, which is currently (2005) 5 micrograms per liter ( g/L). During July 1980, selected streams in eastern Kentucky were sampled as part of the Coal Hydrology Monitoring program. Water ... |
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| Biomonitoring Methods for Drinking Water Protection |
DEC 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
William H. van der Schalie; Tommy R. Shedd; Mark W. Widder; Thomas P. Gargan Ii; ARMY CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH FORT DETRICK MD
|
| Two biomonitoring approaches are being developed to rapidly identify toxicity associated with toxic industrial chemicals in Army drinking water supplies. An aquatic biomonitor continuously monitors water at fixed facilities such as water treatment plants by identifying changes in fish ventilatory and movement patterns. The biomonitor responds within an hour to most chemicals at acutely toxic concentrations. In field testing at two water treatment facilities (Fort Detrick, MD and New York ... |
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| Nanoelectronic Chemical Sensors for Chemical Agent and Explosives Detection |
DEC 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
R. R. Smardzewski; N. L. Jarvis; A. W. Snow; H. Wohltjen; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A new class of nanometer-scale, low power, solid state devices is being investigated for the detection of CW agents and other hazardous vapors. These nanoelectronic chemical vapor sensors, or "chemiresistors" are comprised of nanometer-sized gold particles (1.2-2.4nm) encapsulated by monomolecular layers of functionalized alkanethiols (R-SH) deposited as thin films on interdigitated microelectrodes (Fig 1).When chemical (agent, explosive) vapors reversibly absorb into these thin films, a large modulation of the electrical ... |
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| Conjugated Polymer Sensors: Design Principles Towards Enhanced Versatility |
DEC 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
S. W. Thomas III; T. M. Swager; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| A description of how semiconducting fluorescent polymers function as chemosensors for a variety of chemical vapors is presented. Amplification is achieved by transport of optically induced excitations throughout a polymer film. Careful and thoughtful design of polymer chemical structures is crucial to achieving high sensitivity towards nitroaromatic explosives such as trinitrotoluene (TNT) and dinitrotoluene (DNT). These semiconductive materials have been incorporated into functional sensory devices used for ultratrace explosive detection ... |
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| A MEMS Based Absorption Micro-Spectrometer for Toxic Vapor Detection and Identification |
17 NOV 2004 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
E. R. Schildkraut; David Reyes; Daniel J. Cavicchio; James O. Jensen; BLOCK MEMS LLC MARLBOROUGH MA
|
| A two year effort has begun to design, fabricate and test a MEMS based infrared absorption interferometer spectrometer for use in the 2-13.5 m spectral region for the detection and identification of toxic vapors. Sensitivity projections and enhancements are outlined and compared to requirements for several applications. The initial design approach using compliant mechanisms and unique combination of existing and developmental components is outlined and tradeoff between resolution, sensitivity and ... |
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| Spectroscopic Detection of Organophosphorus Agents |
15 NOV 2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Roger M. Leblanc; MIAMI UNIV CORAL GABLES FL DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
|
| Overview of Anti-Terrorism Related Research Ongoing at the TNO Defence Research Organisation |
25 OCT 2004 |
|
| Authors:
J. C. van Doormaal; L. H. Absil; PRINS MAURITS LABORATORIUM TNO RIJSWIJK (NETHERLANDS)
|
| Since the 11 September 2001 attacks in the United States, also in The Netherlands the terrorist threat has become a serious concern. There is an increasing concern about the security of the public and vulnerability of vital components of national infrastructure. Consequently, on behalf of various governmental organisations the Anti-Terrorism research effort at the TNO Defence Research Organisation has increased considerably over the last few years. In the paper an ... |
|
| Propagation of High-Power, Femtosecond Laser Radiation through the Atmosphere |
19 OCT 2004 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Alexander Zemlyanov; EUROPEAN OFFICE OF AEROSPACE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FPO NEW YORK 09510
|
| This report results from a contract tasking the Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, as follows: the contractor will investigate theoretically the interaction between femtosecond propagation effects and atmospheric turbulence, supercontinuum emission (spectral broadening), nonlinear scattering by atmospheric aerosols, and theoretical upper and lower limits for nonlinear propagation effects. The specific project objectives are as follows: (1) The theoretical study of powerful femtosecond laser pulse filamentation in the turbulent atmosphere; ... |
|
| University of South Carolina CB Support, Basic Research in Materials and Techniques for Optical Computing Standoff Sensors |
OCT 2004 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Michael L. Myrick; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA OFFICE OFSPONSORED PROGRAMS
|
| Research demonstrated that multivariate optical elements (MOEs) and imaging MOEs (IMOEs) could be designed, fabricated and characterized. These devices are the computing elements of multivariate optical computing. Results of the first MOE tests revealed that near-theoretical performance could be obtained in the simple situation tested. Mid-infrared, near-infrared and Raman spectra were acquired for nearly 50 organophosphorus compounds. Measurements were made on B. globigi, and comparisons to paper was made. A ... |
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| Monitoring Sulfur Mustard Exposure by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Thiodiglycol Cleaved From Blood Proteins |
AUG 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Benedict R. Capacio; J. R. Smith; Michael T. DeLion; Dana R. Anderson; John S. Graham; Gennady E. Platoff; William D. Korte; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for determining exposure to the chemical warfare agent 2,2'-dichlorndiethyl sulfide (sulfur mustard; HD) has been developed. The technique is based upon quantitating thiodiglycol (TDG) released from blood protein adducts that are formed upon exposure to HD. Protein was precipitated from plasma, whole blood, or packed red blood cells (RBCs) and then treated with sodium hydroxide to liberate protein-bound TDG. The TDG was derivatized with pentafluorobenzoyl ... |
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| Optimization of a Quantum Cascade Laser Operating in the Terahertz Frequency Range Using a Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm |
JUN 2004 |
125 pages |
| Authors:
Traci A. Keller; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| A quantum cascade (QC) laser is a specific type of semiconductor laser that operates through principles of quantum mechanics. In less than a decade QC lasers are already able to outperform previously designed double heterostructure semiconductor lasers. Because there is a genuine lack of compact and coherent devices which can operate in the far-infrared region the motivation exists for designing a terahertz QC laser. A device operating at this frequency ... |
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| Nanogap Biomolecular Junction |
14 MAY 2004 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Luke P. Lee; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
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| The overall goal of this work is to develop the capability to create platforms with a small array that will be able to sense and identify a wide range of chemicals using real-time measurements to determine both the dynamics of biomolecular reactions as well as quantitative differences in binding characteristics. The specific goals of this project are to develop and understand the physiochemical mechanisms of a nanogap dielectric biosensor that ... |
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| Novel Computational Approaches Using Biotechnology Information for Chemical Toxicity Prediction |
26 MAR 2004 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Philip Judson; LEEDS UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| This report results from a contract tasking Lhasa Limited as follows. The contractor will investigate techniques to apply computational methodologies and biotechnology database information to predicting the possible toxicity of chemicals. The goal is to combine available information on chemical structures and biotoxicity to predict toxicity of a chemical from its structure. Routes of entry into the body, organs and systems affected, biological half life, modes of inactivation, and dose-response ... |
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| Expert Consensus on MIC: Prevention and Monitoring, Part 1 |
MAR 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
P. J. Scott; Sue Borenstein; Freeman Blackburn; Bruce Cookingham; Dan Demarco; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
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| This article, produced by NACE International Task Group 304, discusses the general industrial practice currently recommended by experts in the field of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). Part 1 of two parts, the article discusses where MIC problems are likely to occur (e.g., pipelines, the chemical process industry, cooling water systems, fire protection systems, docks, piers, oil platforms, other quatic structures, pulp and paper machinery, power generation plants, and desalination equipment); ... |
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CHEMICAL DETECTION
