| Absorbent Analysis of Anniston Chemical Agent Disposal Facility Munition Demilitarization Building (MDB) Banks 1 and 2 Filter Samples Following Completion of The GB Agent and VX Rocket Campaigns |
Jan 2013 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Leonard C Buettner; John J Mahle; George Wagner; Tara Sewell; Nicole Fletcher; David K Friday; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
 | Carbon samples from the Munition Demilitarization Building (MDB) Banks 1 and 2 ventilation filters from the Anniston Chemical Agent Disposal Facility were analyzed for the level of GB and VX contamination following the completion of the GB agent and VX rocket campaigns. The results of this investigation, using either thermal desorption, headspace, or NMR analysis, showed no GB or VX above the minimum detectable level on either of these filter ... |
|
| Chemical Contaminant and Decontaminant Test Methodology Source Document. Second Edition |
Jul 2012 |
262 pages |
| Authors:
Teri Lalain; Brent Mantooth; Matthew Shue; Shawn Pusey; Diane Wylie; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| The development of the 2007 Source Document and the updated Chemical Contaminant and Decontaminant Test Methodology Source Document, Second Edition, provides the chemical biological defense community with robust test methodologies for the determination of the amount of chemical contaminant after a treatment process. The most common post-treatment evaluations available in the Source Document methods are the total remaining contaminant, chemical agent detector paper response, contact transfer, and vapor emission tests. ... |
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| Chemical, Biological, and Radiological Contamination Survivability: Material Effects Testing |
22 Jun 2012 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY DUGWAY PROVING GROUND UT
|
| This Test Operations Procedure (TOP) provides basic information to facilitate planning, conducting, and reporting of material effects testing. This TOP provides standard methods for chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) contamination survivability (CS) coupon testing of materials for use in military systems. The procedure is designed to provide material effects data for changes in critical properties after exposure to CBR contaminants, simulants, and decontaminants. This TOP describes typical facilities, equipment, and ... |
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| Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) Contamination Survivability, Small Items of Equipment |
22 Jun 2012 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
WEST DESERT TEST CENTER DUGWAY PROVING GROUND UT
|
| This TOP provides basic information to facilitate test planning, conducting, and reporting, and to achieve standardized chemical, biological, and radiological (CBR) contamination survivability testing of small items of mission-essential (ME) Army materiel. Small items, for example, include personal gear, small arms, radios, optical devices, small electrical generators, and small packages of materiel. This TOP describes typical facilities, equipment, and procedures used to contaminate small items of equipment, sample for contamination ... |
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| Chemical, Biological, and Radiological (CBR) Contamination Survivability: Large Item Interiors |
22 Jun 2012 |
75 pages |
| Authors:
WEST DESERT TEST CENTER DUGWAY PROVING GROUND UT
|
| This Test Operations Procedure (TOP) provides basic information to facilitate planning, conducting, and reporting of large item interiors testing such as tactical vehicles, fixed and rotor wing tactical aircraft, vans, shelters, building interiors, shipboard interiors, and cargo aircraft interiors. This TOP provides standard methods for chemical, biological, and radiological contamination survivability (CBRCS) testing of interior surfaces of military materiel. It is designed to provide results to determine if large items ... |
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| The Aberdeen Three: Two Decades Later |
May 2012 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Terry Gustafson; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD
|
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| Vapor Intrusion Assessment and Mitigation 2012 |
26 Mar 2012 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Ettinger; Todd McAlary; Donna Caldwell; Tom McHugh; GEOSYNTEC CONSULTANTS ATLANTA GA
|
| Briefing discusses air pollution due to vapor intrusion (VI). This is nothing new, but there wasn t much real data until the late 1990s and prior assessments were based mostly on modeling Since around 2000, there s been a lot more sampling and analysis, and mostly we have learned that VI can happen more than previously thought, but we still don t understand the root causes well enough to predict ... |
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| Incorporation of Chemical Contaminants into the Combined ICM/SEDZLJ Models |
Mar 2012 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Carl F Cerco; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| This report describes two tasks. The first is the conversion of the combined ICM/SEDZLJ computer codes to parallel operation. The conversion results in order-of-magnitude speed-up of the combined codes with no adverse effects on the computation. Results from parallel operation are identical to serial operation for up to 128 processors. The second task is the incorporation of an initial toxics code into the combined ICM/SEDZLJ codes. Two toxicants are considered. ... |
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| The DoD Environmental Restoration Program: An Air Force Perspective and Status Update |
Nov 2011 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Hunter Anderson; AIR FORCE CENTER FOR ENGINEERING AND THE ENVIRONMENT LACKLAND AFB TX
|
| The DoD Environmental Restoration Program (ERP) is comprised of the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) and the Military Munitions Response Program (MMRP), which were initiated in 1975 and 2001, respectively. In FY10 the DoD spent $1.6 billion on the ERP for active installations and Formerly Used Defense Site properties, and $666.7 million was spent on Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) installations. The discrepancy in funding is due to the fact that ... |
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| Mitigating the Risk of Environmental Hazards in Mexico |
28 Oct 2011 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Terry E Taylor; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| The government of Mexico is grappling with vicious cartels, global economic recession, a substantial decline in the country's known oil reserves, and significant environmental issues. If the situation continues to deteriorate, the United States may be asked to assist in a variety of roles. Personnel assigned to work in Mexico will be exposed to a complex and wide array of environmental hazards that will require robust counter measures. Based on ... |
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| An Evaluation of the PCB-TOX-SPOT Water Toxicity Test |
15 Sep 2011 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
David E Trader; William van der Schalie; ARMY CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH FORT DETRICK MD
|
| The United States Army Center for Environmental Health Research (USACEHR) is developing an Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) system to test Army drinking water supplies for the presence of toxic industrial chemicals (TICs). One of the technologies considered for inclusion in the ESB system is the PCB TOX-SPOT Chemiluminescence Test, a rapid assay that measures changes in luminescence of the bacteria Photobacterium leiognathi as an indicator of toxicity. The TOX-SPOT test ... |
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| Application of Tools to Measure PCB Microbial Dechlorination and Flux into Water During In-situ Treatment of Sediments |
Aug 2011 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
Joel Baker; Chih-Wei Chang; Kevin Sowers; Upal Ghosh; Piuly Paul; Birthe Kjellerup; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
|
| This study addresses the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Statement of Need CUSON-06-03: Assessment and Measurement of Processes Impacting the Fate and Transport of Contaminants in Sediments. The needs addressed in this study are: 1) To develop and evaluate site characterization tools to measure the rates of important sediment chemical/physical/biological processes affecting the fate and transport of contaminants, and 2) To understand and quantify sediment exchange processes with ... |
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| Maintaining Water Supplies to a Remote Island Population When Source Water Becomes Contaminated |
May 2011 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry Manint; ARMY PUBLIC HEALTH COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| On December 8, 2008, the island of Roi-Namur had high wave activity (onset of dry season). Nearly all of its lenswells were contaminated with salt water. A drinkable chloride concentration is 250 mg/L; ocean water chloride concentration is 35,000 mg/L. The only well not contaminated had a history of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) contamination. There are roughly 12 days of raw water in storage under normal operation, and roughly 30 ... |
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| Military Adaptation to Climate Change |
May 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Ninette Sadusky; OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF DEFENSE (INSTALLATIONS AND ENVIRONMENT) WASHINGTON DC
|
| In the 2010 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), DoD, for the first time, explicitly evaluated climate change as part of the QDR. Climate change influences DoD's operating environment and missions. DoD will need to adapt to the impacts of climate change. DoD will need to retain mission capability resilience and address changing missions. U.S. Climate Change Trends: arid areas of the Southwest will become hotter and drier, increased temperatures and weather ... |
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| Field-Scale Treatability Study for Enhanced In Situ Bioremediation of Explosives in Groundwater: BioBarrier Installation and Hot Spot Treatment Using DPT Injection |
May 2011 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Steven T Downey; Xihong Zhai; Richard Meadows; SHAW GROUP INC BATON ROUGE LA
|
| West Virginia Ordnance Works (WVOW) was a TNT manufacturing facility from 1942-1945. The WVOW site is located on the east bank of the Ohio River, six miles north of Point Pleasant, WV. WVOW included 12 TNT production lines. TNT production resulted in soil and groundwater contamination. Complete decontamination was not achieved, so portions were transferred to the state of West Virginia for use as a wildlife management reserve. The site ... |
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| Sustainability Enhancement Marine Corps Air Station Camp Pendleton |
May 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Chris Fafard; Judy Timberlake; POTOMAC-HUDSON ENGINEERING INC GAITHERSBURG MD
|
| Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Camp Pendleton, California, Mission: maintain facilities and property, provide support services, and operate the airfield supporting I MEF and other forces training/preparing for combat. Fixed and rotary wing aircraft. Occupies approximately 410 acres within Marine Corps Base (MCB) Camp Pendleton. Autonomous from MCB, with some shared programs and resources. Sustainability Assessment Project -- Purpose: Assess current MCAS sustainability programs and their ability to meet emerging ... |
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| Establishment of a Center for Development of Chemical Sensors for Explosives at University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez |
08 FEB 2011 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel P. Hernandez-Rivera; PUERTO RICO UNIV MAYAGUEZ
|
| DoD-UPRM-MURI grant: "Establishment of a Center for Development of Chemical Sensors for Explosives at University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez" (Proposal # 43567CHMUR; Agreement #: DAAD190210257) operated between 2002 and 2010. The project established a multidisciplinary research center for detection of land-mine explosives, focusing on spectroscopic signatures of land mines explosives and transport in soil, contributing to real time chemical sensing of land mines. Goals included: * Measurement of spectroscopic ... |
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| Toxic Industrial Chemical Removal by Isostructural Metal-Organic Frameworks |
JAN 2011 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory W. Peterson; T.G. Glover; Bryan J. Schindler; David Britt; Omar Yaghi; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Cobalt, magnesium nickel, and zinc MOF-74 analogs have been synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as novel adsorbent materials for the removal of toxic industrial chemicals. Nitrogen porosity. X-ray diffraction, and water adsorption data are presented in addition to breakthrough curves for ammonia, octane, cyanogen chloride, and sulfur dioxide. The materials were evaluated in humid and dry conditions. The results show that in an isostructural environment changes in the metal contained in ... |
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| Vapor Intrusion Pathway Assessment: State-of-the-Practice and Opportunities for v3.0 |
Dec 2010 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Paul C Johnson; Ira A Fulton; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Guidance for assessing the soil vapor-to-indoor air exposure pathway continues to evolve with documents being drafted by regulatory agencies, industry, and industry-regulatory collaborations. While variable across the federal, state, and local levels, guidance is converging toward a multiple-lines-of-evidence-based paradigm that involves combinations of indoor air sub-slab soil gas, deeper soil gas, groundwater, and soil sampling in addition to screening-level modeling. There are concerns about implementing this type of guidance due ... |
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| Assessment of Environmental and Occupational Health Impacts in Munitions and Weapon Systems Development: A Phased Approach |
Dec 2010 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S Johnson; William S Eck; Cheng J Cao; Lawrence R Williams; Valerie H Adams; ARMY PUBLIC HEALTH COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Environmental consequences of using specific compounds in military applications have lead to undesirable outcomes. Examples include expensive clean up operations, off-site groundwater migrations, and closing of operational ranges. Additionally, the use of specific weapon systems containing compounds with unknown or limited toxicity data may lead to adverse health consequences to soldiers and civilians. Often incomplete health information has led to inaccurate full life cycle cost estimates. The Army is currently ... |
|
| CERCLA Site Close Out. How Clean is Clean? An EPA Perspective |
Nov 2010 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Herb Levine; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION 9 SAN FRANCISCO CA
|
| This talk will present a regulatory perspective on site closure and the attainment of cleanup standards. Two major questions arise in evaluating the attainment of a cleanup standard: (1) Is the site really contaminated because a few samples are above the cleanup standard?, and (2) Is the site really clean because the sampling shows that the majority of samples are below the cleanup standard? Statistical methods allow for decision making ... |
|
| The Environmental Impacts of Airport Deicing -- Water Quality |
Nov 2010 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
William Swietlik; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF WATER
|
| The Clean Water Act requires EPA to promulgate effluent limitation guidelines and standards that reflect pollutant reductions that can be achieved by categories or subcategories of industrial point sources using specific technologies. This includes airports. On August 28, 2009, EPA published a proposed rule recommending that best available technology (BAT) be installed at most large airports capable of collecting up to 60% of aircraft deicing fluids and treating the collected ... |
|
| Wipe Sample Interpretation |
Jun 2010 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
George Murnyak; ARMY PUBLIC HEALTH COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Purpose: Describe the rationale and logic used to assess health risks associated with chemical contamination on indoor surfaces. USAPHC developed TG 312 for office environments. Will not address issues related to collecting a good wipe sample. |
|
| Evaluation of the Utility, Comparability, and Cost Effectiveness of Passive Groundwater Sampling Technologies When Compared to a Low-Flow Purging Method |
Jun 2010 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Joe Jackens; NATIONAL DEFENSE CENTER FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT JOHNSTOWN PA
|
|
| Demonstration/Validation of Incremental Sampling at Two Diverse Military Ranges and Development of an Incremental Sampling Tool |
Jun 2010 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Diane Roote; NATIONAL DEFENSE CENTER FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT JOHNSTOWN PA
|
|
| Development of a Versatile Conditioning Wind Tunnel for Evaporative Fate Studies |
Oct-2009 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel J Weber; Daniel Waysbort; Clayton S Moury; H D Durst; James E Danberg; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report documents the development of a conditioning wind tunnel that allows multiple test samples to be conditioned at identical environmental settings that are used in smaller vapor sampling wind tunnels. The conditioning of multiple samples, especially those involving persistent chemicals, allows for the efficient use of a limited number of instrumented vapor sampling tunnels. Up to nine samples can be sequentially and quickly cycled through the instrumented vapor wind ... |
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| Environmental Contamination: Lessons Learned from the Cleanup of Formerly Used Defense and Military Munitions Sites |
Jun-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Diane Raynes; Alison O'Neill; Anu Mittal; Elizabeth Beardsley; Justin Mausel; Amanda Leisoo; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Under the Defense Environmental Restoration Program (DERP), the Department of Defense (DoD) has charged the Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps) with cleaning up 4,700 formerly used defense sites (FUDS) and active sites that were under its jurisdiction when they were initially contaminated. The 661-acre Spring Valley site in Washington, D.C. is one such site. Like many other FUDS, the U.S. Army used the Spring Valley site during World War ... |
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| Terrorism and Security Issues Facing the Water Infrastructure Sector |
26-May-2009 |
|
| Authors:
Claudia Copeland; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | Damage to or destruction of the nation's water supply and water quality infrastructure by terrorist attack or natural disaster could disrupt the delivery of vital human services in this country, threatening public health and the environment, or possibly causing loss of life. Interest in such problems has increased greatly since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the United States. Across the country, water infrastructure systems extend over vast areas, ... |
|
| Robotics Strategy White Paper |
19-Mar-2009 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY TRAINING AND DOCTRINE COMMAND FORT MONROE VA ARMY CAPABILITIES INTEGRATION CENTER
|
| The enclosed Robotics Strategy White Paper is the result of a collaborative effort between the U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) and the Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC). This paper builds on a confederated Army robotics strategy that is described by senior leader direction, studies, and various systems-based road maps. The purpose of this paper is to propose task areas that can further enable the Army's 1.1 ... |
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| Development of a General Conceptual-numerical Model to Simulate the Fate and Subsurface Transport of Explosives, and the Moisture and Temperature Signatures Around Land Mines |
Dec-2008 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Jiri Simunek; CALIFORNIA UNIV RIVERSIDE DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
|
| We have developed a general conceptual-mathematical model is applicable to the fate and advective-dispersive transport of most explosives and its metabolites in the vadose zone or groundwater. The model accounts for the most important physical, chemical and biological processes known or hypothesized to affect the behavior and simultaneous transport of the major explosives (the parent products) such as TNT or RDX, and its various metabolites, as they are being sequentially ... |
|
| The Weakest Pillar: U.S. Northern Command's Role in Solving the Federal Government's Domestic Consequence Management Problem |
31-Oct-2008 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Robert DeBuse; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Domestic Consequence Management has been marginalized in recent national strategy guidance. Agencies, forces, and command structures designated to respond and recover from a terrorist attack are not prepared for a large weapon of mass destruction (WMD) scenario. Radiological, explosive, and chemical WMDs represent the most likely terrorist threats to the homeland. An analysis of three case studies, each designed to model the most likely threats, yields deficiencies in command and ... |
|
| Vapor Screening Level (VSL) |
20 DEC 2007 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY CHEMICAL MATERIALS AGENCY ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Research Council give health protection guidance to the U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency (CMA) as it executes its mission of safely storing and destroying the nation's aging chemical weapons. By using advanced monitoring systems placed in and around storage and disposal areas, CMA ensures the air is safe for workers and the public. ... |
|
| Remote Excavation of Heavily Contaminated UXO Sites. The Range Master |
05 SEP 2007 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Alan L. Crandall; USA ENVIRONMENTAL INC OLDSMAR FL
|
| USA Environmental, Inc., and Timberline Environmental Services, Inc., developed the Range Master, a remote controlled scraper with an integrated power screen, to excavate and sift the top 12 inches of heavily contaminated UXO sites. The Phase 1 effort demonstrated the manually operated Range Master at a controlled test site. The Phase 2 effort added system armor and the remote control systems. The Phase 2 Range Master was demonstrated at a ... |
|
| Evaluation of the Steris Sensitive Equipment Decontamination (SED) Apparatus on a 463L Pallet |
SEP 2007 |
152 pages |
| Authors:
Teri Lalain; Mark D. Brickhouse; Jerry Pfarr; John Lloyd; James Flowers; Brent Mantooth; DAVID STARK; Zach Zander; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The STERIS Vaporous Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP(Registered)) technology has been used for more than a decade to sterilize pharmaceutical processing equipment and clean rooms. Through ajoint partnership, the U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC) and STERIS Corporation, Inc., subsidiary of Strategic Technology Enterprises (STE), began the process to co-develop a modified VHP (mVHP) capable of biological and chemical decontamination. Significant improvements have been made through a series of laboratory, ... |
|
| Recent Honey Bee Colony Declines |
20 JUN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Renee Johnson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In 2006, commercial migratory beekeepers along the East Coast of the United States began reporting sharp declines in their honey bee colonies. Because of the severity and unusual circumstances of these colony declines, scientists have named this phenomenon Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Current reports indicate that beekeepers in 35 states have been affected. Recent surveys indicate that about one-half of surveyed beekeepers have experienced "abnormal" or "severe" colony losses. Honey ... |
|
| Defense Health Care: Activities Related to Past Drinking Water Contamination at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune |
MAY 2007 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
Marcia Crosse; Bonnie Anderson; Karen Doran; George Bogart; Helen Desaulniers; Cathleen Hamann; Danielle Organek; Roseanne Price; Christina Ritchie; Stuart Ryba; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| In the early 1980s, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were discovered in some of the water systems serving housing areas on Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune. Exposure to certain VOCs may cause adverse health effects, including cancer. In 1999, the Department of Health and Human Services' (HHS) Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) began a study to examine whether individuals who were exposed in utero to the contaminated drinking ... |
|
| Real-Time Detection of Trace Contaminants and Bio/Chemical Agents in ROWPU Processed Drinking Water Using Reagentless UV Laser-Induced-Fluorescence |
30 APR 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis K. Killinger; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA TAMPA DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The sensitivity and detection capability of a deep-UV laser-induced-fluorescence system for detection of trace species in water was investigated and studied. Dissolved Organic Compounds (DOCs) and other related trace species were measured for the first time in drinking water and in Reverse Osmosis Processed water. The portable LIF system was used to analyze in real time the input water and the output water from a laboratory Reverse Osmosis water unit. ... |
|
| Synthesis, Evaluation, and Formulation Studies on New Oxidizers as Alternatives to Ammonium Perchlorate in DoD Missile Propulsion Applications |
23 APR 2007 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Dewey; ATK LAUNCH SYSTEMS BRIGHAM CITY UT
|
| Perchlorate is found in groundwater and drinking water throughout the United States. This contamination is primarily attributed to the use of ammonium perchlorate in the solid fuel for rockets and missiles. The objective of the program is to develop environmentally benign solid rocket propellant formulations that do not rely on the use of ammonium perchlorate (AP) as an oxidizer. This objective supports the goal of reducing future AP contamination in ... |
|
| Recent Honey Bee Colony Declines |
26 MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Renee Johnson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| This report examines the recent sharp decline in U.S. honey bee colonies, which scientists are now calling the Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). This phenomenon first became apparent among commercial migratory beekeepers along the East Coast during the last few months of 2006, and has since been reported nationwide. Honey bees are the most economically valuable pollinators of agricultural crops worldwide. Many scientists at universities and the U.S. Department of Agriculture ... |
|
| Development of a Screening Model for Design and Costing of an Innovative Tailored Granular Activated Carbon Technology to Treat Perchlorate-Contaminated Water |
MAR 2007 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
William C. Powell; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Perchlorate contamination of drinking water is a problem that has recently gained national attention. The purpose of this research was to develop a tool to predict the cost and performance of tailored granular activated carbon (T-GAC), an innovative technology to treat perchlorate-contaminated water. The ability to predict cost and performance is essential to promote transfer and commercialization of innovative technologies. This study investigated how data obtained from small-scale laboratory tests ... |
|
| Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) System Technology Assessment |
FEB 2007 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Kooistra; John D. Walther; Lindsey Wurster; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research, with support from Army client organizations and funding from Army Science and Technology Objective (STO) IV.ME.2004.03, is developing an Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) system to provide rapid toxicity identification for a broad spectrum of chemicals in water. A critical initial phase of the STO is to test and evaluate toxicity sensor technologies (also called ESB system technologies). Because there are a number ... |
|
| An Online Real-Time Biomonitor for Contaminant Surveillance in Water Supplies |
FEB 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Yves B. Mikol; William R. Richardson; William H. van der Schalie; Tommy R. Shedd; Mark W. Widder; NYC DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION FLUSHING
|
| Automated biomonitoring systems provide continuous, real-time monitoring of changes in water quality and can rapidly identify toxicity associated with a wide range of chemical contaminants while increasing public confidence in drinking water quality. Biomonitor use is widespread in Europe but rare in the United States. This paper illustrates how biomonitors can contribute to an early warning monitoring system for source and finished water protection using case studies of a biomonitor ... |
|
| In Situ Enhancement of Anaerobic Microbial Dechlorination of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins and Dibenzofurans in Marine and Estuarine Sediments |
18 DEC 2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Max M. Haeggblom; Donna E. Fennell; Lee J. Kerkhof; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV NEW BRUNSWICK NJ DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MICROBIOLOGY
|
| The management of marine and estuarine sediments contaminated with toxic organic compounds, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), is a major problem with far-reaching economic and ecological consequences. Enhancement of microbial degradation of PCDD/Fs in situ is an attractive remediation alternative that could potentially detoxify sediments, avoid the problematic redistribution of contaminants that is associated with dredging, and decrease the cost of sediment management. Reductive dehalogenation is a promising mechanism ... |
|
| Application of Risk Assessment and Decision Analysis to Aquatic Nuisance Species |
OCT 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Burton C. Suedel; Todd S. Bridges; Jongbum Kim; Barry S. Payne; Andrew C. Miller; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| This technical note describes a structured framework for conducting risk assessments for aquatic nuisance species (ANS). The technical note also describes when and how decision analysis tools can be used in such assessments for ANS. This framework and methodology will enable risk managers to systematically evaluate and compare alternatives and actions supporting ANS risk management and thus credibly prioritize resources. Risk assessment is a globally accepted tool for assessing the ... |
|
| Mass Transfer from Entrapped DNAPL Sources Undergoing Remediation: Characterization Methods and Prediction Tools |
31 AUG 2006 |
437 pages |
| Authors:
Tissa H. Illangasekare; Junko M. Marr; Robert L. Siegrist; Kenichi Soga; Kent L. Glover; Elena Moreno-Barbero; Jeffery L. Heiderscheidt; Satawat Saenton; Mini Matthew; Ann R. Kaplan; COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES GOLDEN DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| The primary goal of this research was to understand and characterize mass transfer and tracer partitioning in physically heterogeneous DNAPL sources undergoing remediation. Four source zone treatment technologies were evaluated: (1) bio-treatment, (2) in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO), (3) surfactant enhanced dissolution and (4) thermal treatment. Fundamental knowledge was generated to improve and develop tools for evaluating the impact of remediation technologies on DNAPL distribution in heterogeneous systems. Experiments and ... |
|
| Jet Fuel Exposure and Neurological Health in Military Personnel |
JUL 2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Susan P. Proctor; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLE MD
|
| Jet propulsion fuel 8 (JP-8) has recently been recognized by the Department of Defense as the single largest chemical exposure for its personnel. The primary aim of this project is to conduct an epidemiological field study to examine the relationship between JP-8 fuel exposure and adverse neurological outcomes in military personnel working in a cold climate environment. The research objectives include the following: (1) determination of the individual service member's ... |
|
| In-Situ Bioreduction and Removal of Ammonium Perchlorate |
09 MAY 2006 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Coates; Laurie A. Achenbach; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| The objective of the studies described in this report were to gain a better understanding of the microbiology involved in microbial perchlorate reduction with an aim of enhancing the application of this novel metabolism to the attenuation of perchlorate contaminated environments. |
|
| Gene-Environment Interaction and Breast Cancer on Long Island, NY |
MAY 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Susan Teitelbaum; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| This research project will build upon the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project (LIBCSP), a large population-based, case-control study of the environment and breast cancer. Participants completed an in-person interviewer-administered interview, donated blood and urine samples, and had home environment samples (dust, soil, and water) collected. For this study, 200 cases and 200 controls who donated urine samples will be selected and their urine samples will be analyzed for a ... |
|
| Wind and Tiadal Effects on Chemical Spill in St Andrew Bay System |
Jan-2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Peter C Chu; Steven D Haeger; Mathew Ward; Patrice Pauly; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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| A coupled hydrodynamic-chemical fate model is used to investigate mechanisms for chemical dispersion in the St Andrew Bay system. It is found that the time for the pollutants transporting outward the bay mainly relies on the winds and source location. If the application of the stochastic model somehow handles the wind factor, the release location must be shifted to other places in order to evaluate the relative weight of this ... |
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| Advanced UV Source for Biological Agent Destruction |
2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne Clark; Joseph Stumpf; Bernard Eastlund; Michael Ingram; NOVATRON INC SAN DIEGO CA
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| Under Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) sponsorship, Novatron, Inc. has developed a unique new technology that can be used to protect facilities and personnel against bioterrorism attacks. Applications include protection of military and government facilities worldwide and protecting important civilian facilities as part of a homeland defense strategy. The bio-defense technology described in this paper is based on a novel, very high intensity, pulsed Advanced Ultraviolet Source (AUVS) that ... |
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CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION
