| Fractional Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics |
Oct 2012 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Vicky L Bevilacqua; Rabih E Jabbour; Mary M Wade; Samir V Deshpande; Patrick E McCubbin; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD
|
 | This report is required for the U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center In-House Laboratory Independent Research project Membrane Vesicles and Extracellular Proteins in Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence . Certain extracellular proteins of pathogenic bacteria have been shown to function in survival mechanisms such as host immune system modulation (Vranakis, et al., July 27, 2011, J. Proteome Res. DOI 10.1021/pr200422f) and biofilm formation (Ostrowski, A., et al., 2011, J. Bacteriol. 193:4043). ... |
|
| Regulation of Genes Controlling Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Heart of a Hibernating Mammal |
15 DEC 2000 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew T. Andrews; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF GENETICS
|
| During hibernation, mammals rely heavily on lipid stores to provide the fuel necessary to survive the winter. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4) plays a key role in gating carbohydrate catabolism and allowing the switch to lipid metabolism. Earlier we reported that PDK-4 was up- regulated in the heart of the thirteen-lined ground squirrel during hibernation. PDK-4 is encoded by the nuclear genome and acts by phosphorylating pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) ... |
|
| Muscle and Liver Carbohydrates: Response to Military Task Performance by Women and Men |
OCT 2000 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas B. Price; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| During the fourth year we have focused on making significant progress on all specific aims proposed in the original contract. We have made the following progress in the four hypotheses. Hypothesis I: We have completed most of the data analysis and found that, unlike men, women work their lower legs harder during the latter stages of exercise than during the first hour. We have developed a 3-D volume filling protocol ... |
|
| Energy Metabolism in Cold-Stressed Females: Implications for Predictive Modeling (95 Women) |
NOV 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Ira Jacobs; DEFENCE AND CIVIL INST OF ENVIRONMENTALMEDICINE DOWNSVIEW (ONTARIO)
|
 | Military operations in cold environments have resulted in life- threatening situations if personnel are ill-equipped or unprotected. Prediction of survival time in the cold (ST) is essential for search and rescue purposes, to forecast contingencies for operations in such environments, and to evaluate the potential benefits of innovative equipment/clothing designed to protect the soldier from cold. Mathematical models of ST are based on the magnitude and capacity for increasing metabolic ... |
|
| Energy Metabolism in Cold-Stressed Females: Implications for Predictive Modeling |
OCT 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Ira Jacobs; DEFENCE AND CIVIL INST OF ENVIRONMENTALMEDICINE DOWNSVIEW (ONTARIO)
|
| This document is a progress report which describes the results from the second of a series of studies carried out to clarify the extent of gender- related differences in physiological responses to cold stress, and to evaluate the potential implications for survival time in the cold. Specifically, this study was designed to compare substrate utilization during light (LI) and moderate (MI) exercise performed in both cold and comfortable ambient temperatures. ... |
|
| Metabolic Response to Food Restriction in Military-Eligible Women, with a Gender Comparison |
OCT 1998 |
|
| Authors:
Vernon R. Young; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| Two major series of investigations are being undertaken to explore the metabolic responses of women who meet military standards for body-weight andpercent body-fat to the nutritional stressors of food restriction. A comparison of their responses is being made with those occurring in men, who also meet the standards established by the military. The first series (Series 1) has been devoted to the temporal (progressive) changes in lipid, carbohydrate and proteinmetabolism ... |
|
| Muscle and Liver Carbohydrates: Response to Military Task Performance by Women and Men |
OCT 1998 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas B. Price; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT
|
| During this second year we have made significant progress in two areas: (1) We have implemented the study and data analysis protocols. Currently we can acquire and analyze data in both the MRI and the MRS areas of the project. (2) We have completed the majority of studies in the MRI portion of the project, and we have completed a significant number of MRS studies. From the studies that we ... |
|
| Metabolic Response to Food Restriction in Military-Eligible Women, with a Gender Comparison |
OCT 1997 |
|
| Authors:
Vernon R. Young; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| Two major series of investigations are being undertaken to explore the metabolic responses of women who meet military standards for body-weight and percent body-fat to the nutritional stressors of food restriction. A comparison of their responses is being made with those occurring in men, who also meet the standards established by the military. The first series (Series 1) has been devoted to the temporal (progressive) changes ... |
|
| Energy Metabolism in Cold-Stressed Females: Implications for Predictive Modeling |
OCT 1997 |
|
| Authors:
Ira Jacobs; DEFENCE AND CIVIL INST OF ENVIRONMENTALMEDICINE DOWNSVIEW (ONTARIO)
|
| This document is a progress report which describes the results from the first of a series of studies carried out to clarify the extent 6f gender- related differences in physiological responses to cold stress, and to evaluate the potential implications for survival time in the cold. Specifically, this study was designed to clarify the quantity and quality of energy substrate utilization in shivering female subjects during cold water immersion. The ... |
|
| Metabolic Response to Food Restriction in Military-Eligible Women, With a Gender Comparison |
OCT 1996 |
|
| Authors:
Vernon R. Young; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| Two major series of investigations will be undertaken to explore the metabolic responses of women, who meet military standards of body-weight and percent body-fat to the nutritional stressors of food restriction. A comparison of their responses will be made with those occurring in men, who also meet the standards established by the military. The first series (Series I) will be devoted to the temporal (Progressive) changes in lipid, carbohydrate and ... |
|
| Phytoestrogens in the Food Supply |
JAN 96 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Gary R. Beecher; DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Endogenous estrogens are thought to have a role in the etiology of breast cancer. Several components of plant foods have estrogenic activity or are metabolized to active compounds by mammalian systems (phytoestrogens). The impact of these constituents on breast cancer risk is unknown because of the lack of databases containing appropriate values for foods. The goal of this research is to provide a database of values for the various isoflavones ... |
|
| Woodbridge Research Facility Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study. Health and Safety Plan |
SEP 95 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Patricia Thompson; Gary McKown; Jeff Waugh; William Houser; Gerald Joy; ICF KAISER ENGINEERS INC ABINGDON MD
|
| The requirements set forth in 29 CFR 1910.120(f), shall be met for all employees performing or supervising hazardous waste operations. Medical exams shall be conducted as soon as possible upon notification by an employee that he/she has developed signs or symptoms indicating possible health hazards or overexposure to hazardous substances. Subcontractor personnel shall provide documentation of current status of participation in a medical surveillance program as required by 29 CFR ... |
|
| Hepatic Metabolism of Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation in Vivo |
17 JAN 95 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas V. Reo; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH
|
| This report outlines our progress regarding toxicological studies of perfluoro- n-octanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (PFDA). These Air Force chemicals belong to a class of compounds known as peroxisome proliferators (PP). Many PP cause hepatotoxicity and carcinogenesis in rodents. The mechanisms are unknown and represent an active area of research. Recent studies have demonstrated specific effects of PFDA treatment on hepatic phospholipid and carbohydrate metabolism. PFDA alters hepatic glucose ... |
|
| Hepatic Toxicity of Perfluorocarboxylic Acids |
06 JUN 94 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas V. Reo; WRIGHT STATE UNIV KETTERING OH DEPT OF BIOCHEMISTRY
|
| The goal of this study was to determine the effect of PFDA on hepatic glucose transport in perfused rat livers using a paired-tracer first-pass extraction technique. This work was performed in collaboration with LCDR John Wyman, Ph.D, of the Naval Medical Research Institute, Wright-Patterson AFB. Carol learned the perfusion techniques, coordinated all aspects of the data acquisition, and was solely responsible for data processing. This project was described in detail ... |
|
| A Characterization of Carboxylesterases in Rat and Guinea Pig - Their Heterogeneity and Role in Detoxication of Organophosphorus Compounds |
SEP 93 |
|
| Authors:
Rolf Gaustad; NORWEGIAN DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OSLO
|
| The present study deals with the molecular properties of carboxylesterases (CarbEs) and the ability of the various isoenzymes to detoxify organophosphorus compounds. CarbE isoenzymes have been separated from lung, liver, plasma and small intestine of rat and guinea pig mainly by chromatofocusing. One of the isoenzymes in rat lung, pl 5.8, has been purified to near homogeneity. This isoenzymes has a molecular mass of approx 180 kDa with subunits of ... |
|
| Influence of the Cold Buster (Trademark) Sports Bar on Heat Debt, Mobilization and Oxidation of Energy Substrates |
DEC 92 |
|
| Authors:
A. L. Vallerand; I. F. Schmegner; I. Jacobs; DEFENCE AND CIVIL INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE DOWNSVIEW (ONTARIO)
|
| In a recent study, we have shown that the commercially available Cold Buster(TM) Sports bar, purported to improve cold resistance, did not do so in our subjects exposed to a relatively severe cold test. (Vallerand, Tikuisis, Ducharme and Jacobs, In Review). One possible explanation for our conflicting results is that our metabolic rate (M) was too high for the possibly small thermogenic effect of the bar to be measurable. The ... |
|
| Conformationally Constrained Peptide Analogs with Hypoglycaemic Activity, |
1992 |
|
| Authors:
N. J. Ede; N. Lim; I. D. Rae; I. Cosic; F. M. Ng; MONASH UNIV CLAYTON (AUSTRALIA)
|
|
| Hepatic Metabolism of Perfluorinated Carboxylic Acids: A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Investigation |
14 DEC 90 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas V. Reo; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH
|
| This research project employs nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to investigate the metabolic aspects of the toxicity associated perfluorinated carboxylic acids. Fluorine-19 NMR has been used to monitor the metabolic fate of perfluoro-n-octanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoro-n-decanoic acid (PFDA) in the rat. Spectra obtained at various times following the administration of PFOA and PFDA depict the presence of the parent compounds in samples of bile, serum, urine, and liver in ... |
|
| Heatstroke Pathophysiology: The Energy Depletion Model |
12 JUN 89 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Roger W. Hubbard; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
|
| This symposium focuses on exertional heatstroke, with emphasis on predisposing factors, clinical observations, diagnosis, treatment and recovery. The serious challenge to cardiovascular stability presented by exercise hyperthermia and some aspects of regulatory failure were reviewed in the introduction. The intent of this review, to describe how heat stress is translated into heat strain at the cellular level, is not to downplay the seriousness of the systemic condition. If we are ... |
|
| Action of Cholinergic Poisons on the Central Nervous System and Effectiveness of Potential Antidotes |
FEB 84 |
|
| Authors:
Fred Samson; Stanley R. Nelson; Thomas Pazdernik; KANSAS UNIV MEDICAL CENTER KANSAS CITY
|
| The effects of soman and other cholinergic poisons on the structure and function of the brain were studied in rats. Quantitative autoradiography was used to detect changes in local cerebral glucose use (LCGU; 2-deoxyglucose technique) and cholinergic receptors. Major findings reported are: 1) Soman produces continuous, long-lasting seizures, associated with large increases in LCGU in most brain regions. 2) Soman-induced seizures are followed by conspicuous neuropathology (e.g. piriform cortex, amygdala) ... |
|
| Protein Sparing Therapy during Pneumococcal Sepsis in Rhesus Monkeys. |
25 APR 1978 |
|
| Authors:
Robert W. Wannemacher Jr.; Mitchell V. Kaminski Jr.; Harold A. Neufeld; Richard E. Dinterman; Karen A. Bostian; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FREDERICK MD
|
| A model was developed in the rhesus monkey to determine if the marked wasting of body proteins associated with sepsis could be prevented by an intravenous supply of various nutritional substrates. All monkeys were given a basic infusion of 0.5 g of amino acid nitrogen/kg body weight via an indwelling catheter in the jugular vein. Three groups were given either no added calories, 85 cal/kg from dextrose, or 85 calories ... |
|
| Fermentation Characteristics of Strains of 'Streptococcus mutans'. |
29 MAR 1978 |
|
| Authors:
T. C. Lyon Jr; ARMY INST OF DENTAL RESEARCH WASHINGTON D C
|
| Realization of the important role of Streptococcus mutans in the initiation of dental caries has resulted in extensive studies of all its biologic characteristics. The ultimate goal is to control or eliminate it from the oral cavity. One means of accomplishing this is to reduce or eliminate its carbohydrate source. This study reports those carbohydrates which Streptococcus mutans cannot metabolize. (Author) |
|
| Operation Seaspray Trial on Liferaft Rations. |
1977 |
|
| Authors:
K. H. Heuston; ARMED FORCES FOOD SCIENCE ESTABLISHMENT SCOTTSDALE (AUSTRALIA)
|
| During September, 1973 a trial of liferaft rations was held in Darwin. This report presents the combined medical-scientific findings of the trial. It was found that under the conditions of the trial, 500 ml of water per man per day was adequate, and 128 g of food (survival) was satisfactory. Food was preferred in the order barley sugar, fudge, glucose. It was observed that the canopy of the liferaft could ... |
|
| Radiometric Methods for Rapid Diagnosis of Viral Infection |
15 NOV 1974 |
|
| Authors:
Steven M. Larson; Patricia Charache; Henry N. Wagner Jr; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD
|
| A rapid radiometric technique was developed for detecting the presence of herpes simplex virus type 1 in stationary monolayers of the diploid cell line WI-38. The time of detection was compared to that obtained from visual examinations for cytopathic effects in the same cell line. Glucose-1-14C oxidation of infected and uninfected cells was determined by 14CO2 production by the ionization chamber, Bactec R-301. Infected cells showed a 23-26% reduction in ... |
|
| Chronic Depression of Serum Sialic Acid Levels in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes. |
OCT 1974 |
|
| Authors:
R. J. O. Woods; P. Z. Sobocinski; W. J. Canterbury; N. S. Mathewson; K. M. Hartley; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| The study was performed to determine whether alloxan treatment of rats alters levels of the terminal carbohydrate residues L-fucose and sialic acid of serum glyco-proteins. Results indicate that in the uncompensated diabetic animal a chronic depression of serum sialic acid level occurs with no apparent alteration in the level of L-fucose. The depression in sialic acid level may be attributed in part to decreased activities of hepatic enzymes involved in ... |
|
| Mathematical Modeling of the Glucose Homeostatic System in Humans |
Jul 1972 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
H T Banks; Christin A Carter; BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI DIV OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS
|
| One of the most interesting physiological control systems in man is the one for glucose homeostasis. Proper functioning of this complex and highly sensitive system is essential for life. Although often thought of as being mainly involved with carbohydrate metabolism, a remarkable organ, the liver, provides a means through which protein metabolism and lipid metabolism play an important role in the glucose homeostatic system. Even a brief perusal of the ... |
|
| Biochemical Shifts in Shock Produced by the Combined Effect of Burn Trauma and Total-Body Irradiation - USSR - |
15 AUG 1960 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
D. A. Golubentsev; N. A. Shevyreva; JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
|
| Soviet Abstracts, Biology, Section U - Problems of Pathology, Book No. 5, 1959, Abstracts 22621 thru 22963 |
15 JUL 60 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE ARLINGTON VA
|
| It contains the issues with different titles on The Change of Antibody Composition and Intensity of Inclusion of C14-Glycine into the Antibodies in Immunization of Animals with Two Antigens. The Study of Immunochemical Peculiarities of Pepsine and Pepsinogen. The Influence of Pentoxyl on the Processes of Immunogenesis. On Providing C-Vitamin in Solider's Rations and Influence of Vitamin C on the Production of Immune Bodies in the Organism. The Dependence of ... |
|
| Effects of Beta-Aminoethylisothiourea (AET) on Enzymes of Animal Tissues, |
APR 1959 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald R. Zins; Ann B. Raymund; Kenneth P. DuBois.; SCHOOL OF AVIATION MEDICINE RANDOLPH AFB TEX
|
| The effects of the radioprotective compound beta-aminoethylisothiourea (AET) on sulfhydryl enzymes of mammalian tissues have been determined, in an effort to obtain information regarding the biologic activity of the drug. A number of enzyme systems involved in oxidative carbohydrate metabolism of rat tissues were inhibited in vitro by concentrations of AET within the predicted in vivo range following sublethal doses. Two of these enzyme systems, the pyruvic and alpha-ketoglutaric acid ... |
|
| MARINE BORER PROJECT |
AUG 1953 |
1 pages |
| Authors:
F.G. WALTON SMITH; MIAMI UNIV FLA MARINE LAB
|
| Accelerated leaching tests were made to estimate the service life of creosote treatments. A respirometer method was developed for large-scale screening of creosote fractions for toxicity of Limnoria. Preliminary results indicated that the tar acid fraction was extremely toxic. The cellulase enzyme system of Teredo was observed to be active and present in the larvae at the time of penetration of the wood. The cellulytically active material was extracted for ... |
|
Reports by Keyword(s)
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
