| Identification of Biomarkers Associated with the Healing of Chronic Wounds. Addendum |
Sep 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Laura E Edsberg; DAEMEN COLL AMHERST NY
|
 | It is the objective of this study to identify the biochemical differences in the burn fluid of burns with hypertrophic scarring and those without. The findings of this study are intended to facilitate the development of diagnostic tools, which could be used to evaluate the healing process and develop therapeutic treatments. A porcine burn model has been used to evaluate healing. PIXIES was used to analyze the cytokines and growth ... |
|
| Biological Effects of Nuclear Explosions (BENE) Domain Guide |
Sep 2012 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Glen I Reeves; David Auton; DEFENSE THREAT REDUCTION INFORMATION ANALYSIS CENTER KIRTLAND AFB NM
|
| This Biological Effects of Nuclear Explosions (BENE) Domain Guide presents relevant documentation, references, and bibliographic citations for the student and researcher interested in original test documentation in the BENE phenomenology area. This document reflects the effort of some two decades of work to organize and review the atmospheric test documentation and Nuclear Test Personnel Review (NTPR) data managed by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). This effort was led by ... |
|
| Crozer-Chester Medical Center Burn Research Projects |
Jul 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Haith Linwood R; CROZER CHESTER MEDICAL CENTER UPLAND PA
|
| The Nathan Speare Regional Burn Treatment Center is under contract with the U.S. Army Institute for Surgical Research in conjunction with the Army Burn Center to carry out two studies under protocols established by Army researchers. Study 1 is Automated Fluid Resuscitation of Burn Patients . Study 2 is Evaluation of Aquacel Ag . Screening and enrollment continues for Studies 1 and 2. Five (5) patients were enrolled in Study ... |
|
| AFIRM-Wake Forest/University of Pittsburgh Consortium |
Jul 2012 |
270 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Atala; WAKE FOREST UNIV WINSTON-SALEM NC SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCES
|
| The Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine is focused on delivering advanced regenerative medicine technologies to help the wounded warrior improve their quality of life. We have brought together in leading scientists to develop approaches which in improving therapies to improve treat in five areas including burn treatment, craniofacial repair, scarless wound healing, treatment of compartment syndrome, and limb and digit salvage, During the past year we have continued to ... |
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| Newly Reported Lupus and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Relation to Deployment Within Proximity to a Documented Open-Air Burn Pit in Iraq |
Jun 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kelly A Jones; Besa Smith; Nisara S Granado; Edward J Boyko; Gary D Gackstetter; Margaret A Ryan; Christopher J Phillips; Tyler C Smith; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Background Recently, there has been concern that service members deploying in support of the current operations in Iraq and Afghanistan may have higher odds of developing chronic diseases, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, as a result of environmental and occupational exposures that have been associated with these diseases in the general US population. One such exposure garnering much attention from media and veterans groups suggest smoke from open-air burning ... |
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| The Effects of Exposure to Documented Open-Air Burn Pits on Respiratory Health Among Deployers of the Millennium Cohort Study |
Jun 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Besa Smith; Charlene A Wong; Edward J Boyko; Christopher J Phillips; Gary D Gackstetter; Margaret A Ryan; Tyler C Smith; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Background A number of pollutants including dioxins, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and respirable particulate matter may be produced from burning solid waste in open pits. Some of these pollutants are well-recognized carcinogens, while others are known to irritate the respiratory system causing acute cough or shortness of breath, pneumonia, and chronic bronchitis, especially when exposures are recurring and at relevant concentrations. Methods Using multivariable logistic regression, newly-reported chronic bronchitis ... |
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| Birth Outcomes Among Military Personnel Following Exposure to Documented Open-Air Burn Pits Before and During Pregnancy |
Jun 2012 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Ava Marie S Conlin; Connie DeScisciolo; Carter J Sevick; Anna T Bukowinski; Christopher J Phillips; Tyler C Smith; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Background Studies suggest that maternal exposure to air pollutants during pregnancy may be associated with a spectrum of adverse birth outcomes including an increased risk of birth defects (particularly cardiac anomalies), low birth weight (LBW), intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and preterm delivery (PTD). Additionally, exposure to air pollutants in men has been associated with reduced sperm quality, and there is evidence that paternal preconception exposures to environmental contaminants may adversely ... |
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| Hematopoiesis Primer Modeling Combined Injury |
May 2012 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Terry C Pellmar; Glen I Reeves; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| This report is an overview of the basic principles underlying the formation, function, and response to injury of the different elements of the hematopoietic system. The adverse effects of radiation on the hematopoietic system differ from those of thermal burn or traumatic wounding. In turn, the effects of burn injury and trauma with hemorrhage differ from one another. Accordingly, the effects of individual injurious modality on each hematopoietic element are ... |
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| Genomic Analysis of Complex Microbial Communities in Wounds |
Jan 2012 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Lance B Price; TRANSLATIONAL GENOMICS RESEARCH INST PHOENIX AZ
|
| The work that we conducted was aimed at moving wound research beyond the limitations of culture-based microbial analyses to enable comprehensive characterization of wound colonization and to fully evaluate its impact on healing. We successfully developed a novel, culture-independent approach for characterizing wound microbiota; we succeeded in applying statistical tools to begin characterizing the impact of antibiotic therapies and diabetes on wound microbiota; we used our novel strategies to define ... |
|
| Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine Annual Report 2011 |
Jan 2012 |
563 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH AND MATERIEL COMMAND FORT DETRICK MD ARMED FORCES INST OF REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
|
| This report contains detailed technical information on all currently funded Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine research projects. The report is also available in a highlights version that provides summary information. |
|
| Labor Force Reentry: Issues for Injured Service Members and Veterans |
Jan 2012 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Karen C Osilla; Kristin R Van Busum; RAND NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INST SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) have been referred to as the wars of disabilities. Since the initiation of OEF and OIF in 2001 and 2003, respectively, more than two million forces have been deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan, and many service members have returned with multiple physical injuries, including amputations, burns, and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Wounded service members with multiple injuries typically require specialized care ... |
|
| Engineering an Undergarment for Flash/Flame Protection |
Nov 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Frazier Hull; Jett Gambill; Andrew Hansche; Gian Agni; John Evangelista; Celia Powell; Margaret Auerbach; Joel Dillon; Oezer Arnas; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This paper presents a continuation of projects spanning the last two years. In year one, the physical characteristics and medical effects of burns and Improvised Explosive Device, IED, blasts were investigated. In year two, the possible use of commercial intumescent materials with fabric was studied. The identified needs for research into the effect of undergarments on burn protection are focused in this study. Additionally, Thermal Protective Performance, TPP-(ISO 17492) and ... |
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| VRP09 Reduction of Corneal Scanning Following Blast and Burn Injuries to Cornea Using siRNAs Targeting TGFb and CTGF |
Oct 2011 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory Schultz; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
|
| Blast and burn injuries to the eye caused by explosions during combat or terrorist attacks are devastating injuries, which typically impair vision by excessive corneal scarring. Our overall goal is to develop a topical therapy that will reduce corneal scarring by selectively reducing expression of TGFb, TGFb receptor-II (TGFBRII), and CTGF genes which cause scarring using the newly discovered effects of small interfering RNAs (siRNA). In the first year of ... |
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| Burn Patient Acuity Demographics, Scar Contractures and Rehabilitation Treatment Time Related to Patient Outcomes (ACT) |
Oct 2011 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Reginald Richard; AMERICAN BURN ASSOCIATION CHICAGO IL
|
| The third year of the ACT proved to be a turning point for the burn rehabilitation study. During this past year, patient screening and subject enrollment with subsequent data collections began at seven participating facilities. Processes to support the ACT in terms of individual site contracts, protocol submission and training progressed forward. No major impediments were encountered. The ACT continues on course to become a most formidable research project contributing ... |
|
| Identification of Biomarkers Associated with the Healing of Chronic Wounds |
AUG 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Laura E. Edsberg; DAEMEN COLL AMHERST NY
|
| It is the objective of this study to identify the biomarkers associated with the earliest stages of healing in chronic wounds and the biochemical differences in the burn fluid of burns with hypertrophic scarring and those without. The findings of this study are intended to facilitate the development of diagnostic tools, which could be used to evaluate the healing process and develop therapeutic treatments. The analysis of wound fluid from ... |
|
| Genetically Modified Porcine Skin Grafts for Treatment of Severe Burn Injuries |
Jul 2011 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
David Sachs; MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON
|
| The most significant research findings in this time period include: 1) data supporting the effectiveness of skin grafts from genetically-modified swine transplanted onto full-thickness wounds on baboons when compared to the standard treatment (allogeneic skin); 2) that the use of these swine skin grafts will not sensitize the recipientto the use of a subsequent allogeneic graft if needed for prolonged wound coverage; 3) that topical immunosuppression initiated immediately after grafting ... |
|
| Corneal Protection for Burn Patients |
Jul 2011 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Irene E Kochevar; MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON
|
| The overall goal of this research is to preserve vision of patients recovering from severe facial burns by providing an improved method to reduce development of corneal defects, inflammation, infection and opacification. Scope: To further improve and understand the properties of the degradation-resistant crosslinked amniotic membranes for treating cornea of burn patients that were produced in Year 1. Major findings: Established that 2 and 3 layer crosslinked amniotic membrane composites ... |
|
| Research Advances In Medical Care For Polytrauma Injuries And Blast Injuries |
25 Jan 2011 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Dallas Hack; DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC MILITARY HEALTH SYSTEM
|
| U.S. Trauma Research is largely the purview of the Department of Defense, as there is no Trauma Institute at the NIH, although trauma accounts for the largest loss in years of productive life Improvements in the medical care of battle casualties are being adopted by the civilian trauma system Recent increases in funding for military trauma funding are yielding important advances, particularly in hemorrhage control, brain injury diagnosis, and traumatic ... |
|
| Targeted Prevention or Treatment of Bacterial Biofilm Infections of Severe Burns and Wounds |
01 OCT 2010 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. Nick; NATIONAL JEWISH HEALTH DENVER CO
|
| Findings to date support the hypothesis that a dual therapeutic approach of targeted anti-inflammation and a biofilm specific antibiotic will significantly limit severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection associated with serious burns and wounds. A 12-mer N2 peptide was synthesized to bind and competitively inhibit IgMCM-22 that recognizes self antigens on the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II (NMHC-II) that are exposed at the time of injury. An optimal dosing strategy was determined ... |
|
| Combined Injury Modeling: Radiation and Burn Workshop Report |
Oct 2010 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Daniela Stricklin; Terry Pellmar; Darren Oldson; Kyle Millage; APPLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| This report provides an overview of the DTRA-sponsored workshop on combined injury (CI) modeling held on June 22, 2010. During this workshop, a panel of subject matter experts assembled by Applied Research Associates discussed acute radiation injury combined with thermal injury. Participants provided input on the primary organ systems affected by CI, underlying mechanisms associated with CI, modeling approaches, recommended tools, and possible simplifying assumptions for modeling radiation injury combined ... |
|
| Genetically Modified Porcine Skin Grafts for Treatment of Severe Burn Injuries |
JUL 2010 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
David H. Sachs; Jr Cetrulo Curtis L.; MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL BOSTON
|
| The most significant research findings in this time period include the fact that we have demonstrated that our genetically-modified pigskin grafts will perform as well human cadaveric allogeneic skin grafts as a temporary biologic cover for severe burn injuries for war-fighters. Our xenoskin transplants from pig to baboons have confirmed that our genetically-modified pigskin grafts last as long as baboon allograft skin, are not damaged by freezing, and are effective ... |
|
| Performance and Analysis of Vortex Oxidizer Injection in a Hybrid Rocket |
05 May 2009 |
170 pages |
| Authors:
Charles C Jones; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
|
| A hybrid rocket motor is a type of rocket motor where fuel is placed in a combustion chamber as a solid, and then gaseous or liquid oxidizer is injected. When the two mix and are ignited, the surface of the fuel burns and the gases produced in the combustion develop thrust. Hybrid rocket motor performance is dictated by the rate at which the fuel burns. Fuel burn rate (or regression ... |
|
| Non-Invasive Methods for Determining Lesion Depth from Vesicant Exposure |
17 NOV 2004 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Braue E. H.; J. S. Graham; B. F. Doxzon; K. A. Hanssen; H. L. Lumpkin; R. S. Stevenson; R. R. Deckert; S. J. Dalal; Larry W. Mitcheltree; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF CHEMICAL DEFENSE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Before sulfur mustard injuries can be effectively treated, assessment of lesion depth must occur. Accurate depth assessment is important, because it dictates how aggressive treatment needs to be to minimize or prevent cosmetic and functional deficits. Depth of injury is typically assessed by physical examination. Diagnosing very superficial and very deep lesions is relatively easy for the experienced burn surgeon. Lesions of intermediate depth, however, are often problematic in determining ... |
|
| An Assessment of the Potential for Reducing Future Combat Deaths Through Medical Technologies and Training |
30 NOV 2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
C. G. Blood; J. Fridman; G. J. Walker; J. C. Puyana; P. J. Pitlyk; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Clinical records were obtained for 210 combat trauma cases that ended in death subsequent to reaching a medical treatment facility. Four surgeons were recruited to review these records and assess the preventability of death if the traumas were sustained today, and to provide judgments as to now-available medical technologies and/or training that might make a lifesaving difference. In 8% of the cases, the four surgeons independently agreed that the deaths ... |
|
| Battlefield Flame/Thermal Threats or Hazards and Thermal Performance Criteria |
AUG 2000 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Il Y. Kim; ARMY SOLDIER AND BIOLOGICAL CHEMICAL COMMAND NATICK MA SOLDIER SYSTEMS CENTER
|
| There is a need for an improved bench-scale flammability test method that can not only measure the protection performance of military protective clothing more reasonably, but also can correlate other current test methods in getting more reliable and consistent results. Heat intensity, one of the major test parameters for the new test method, is to represent flame/thermal burn injury hazards encountered on the battlefield. A comprehensive understanding of military flame/thermal ... |
|
| Extrudable Gel-Forming Bioabsorbable Hemostatic Tissue Adhesives for Traumatic and Burn Wounds |
JUL 1997 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Shalaby W. Shalaby; POLY-MED INC ANDERSON SC
|
| The three segments of the planned studies, adhesive skin wound augmentation (ASWA), burn wound healing (BWH), and hemostatic sealants (HS) were successfully completed. Results on ASWA led to the identification of an absorbable extrudable gel-former which can be used in conjunction with skin stapling to reduce the number of staples needed to approximate wound edges by about half, while increasing significantly the percent regain in would strength and controlling scar ... |
|
| Improvement of Cultured Keratinocyte Grafts for Burn Wounds |
JAN 97 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony A. Meyer; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| During the first year of grant support all components in the Statement of Work scheduled for year one have been completed, with one still in progress. The results have demonstrated that cultured keratinocyte allografts are less immunogenic in burned animals as measured by priming for second-set rejection and cytotoxic lymphocytes. Burn injury impairs expression of alloantigen on keratinocyte allograft as one mechanism of this effect. A second mechanism that effects ... |
|
| Extrudable Gel-Forming Bioabsorbable Hemostatic Tissue Adhesives for Traumatic and Burn Wounds |
DEC 1996 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Shalaby W. Shalaby; POLY-MED INC ANDERSON SC
|
| Two of the three segments of the planned studies, adhesive skin wound augmentation (ASWA) and burn wound healing (BWH) are underway. Plans for the third segment, hemostasis, have been finalized. The studies on ASWA are practically complete and they include: (1) polymer synthesis and characterization of primary gel-formers; (2) preparation and evaluation of candidate formulations; and (3) conducting the animal studies and completing data analysis. Studies on BWH are in ... |
|
| Review of the Elemental Capability of Vision: Primary Visual Taxons |
AUG 96 |
|
| Authors:
Robert E. Miller Ii; Norm Barsalou; ANALYTIC SCIENCES CORP SAN ANTONIO TX
|
 | The Joint Technical Coordinating Group/Munitions Effectiveness and Aircraft Survivability Crew Casualty Working Group (CCWG) was formed to review and standardize casualty assessments for the Tri-services. The goal of the CCWG is to design an accurate model which is sufficiently general to predict the probability of incapacitation from a wide range of weapon effects or insults (e. g., blast, penetration, blunt injury, acceleration, bums, toxic gases, biological agents, electromagnetic energy, etc.) ... |
|
| The Potential for Pulmonary Heat Injury Resulting from the Activation of a Cabin Water Spray System to Fight Aircraft Cabin Fires |
MAY 95 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robert P. Garner; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| A cabin water spray system (CWSS) has been suggested as a means of attenuating the severity of smoke and fire commonly associated with aircraft accidents. All aspects of passenger and cabin safety must be considered when evaluating a new safety system or concept. The purposes of this report are to briefly review the pathophysiological changes occurring in the respiratory system as a result of thermal injury and to quantitatively estimate ... |
|
| Non-Ionic Surfactants in the Treatment of Third Degree Burns |
01 SEP 93 |
|
| Authors:
James C. McPherson; DWIGHT DAVID EISENHOWER ARMY MEDICAL CENTER FORT GORDON GA
|
| Pluronic polyols are non-ionic surfactants developed in the 1950's. They are block co-polymers or the ABA type where A is made up of ethylene oxide polymers and B is propylene oxide polymers. They differ only in their molecular weight. The Pluronic polyols have been shown to be non-toxic. This protocol evaluates their effect on third degree scald burn in a rat model, pluronic polyols were administered 30 minutes following a ... |
|
| The Effect of Pain on Task Performance: A Review of the Literature |
JUL 92 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald L. Gamache; Albert S. Glickman; TECHNICO SOUTHWEST INC LOS ALAMOS NM
|
| The authors reviewed 273 abstracts relating to pain and 36 abstracts relating to pain and task performance. Of the 309 abstracts reviewed, 93 articles were pertinent to elements of the problem and are the basis of this report; however none specifically related burn pain to task performance. Two simple five-point scales were found that can be used to measure pain severity resulting from burns. The first is the McGill Pain ... |
|
| Evaluation of Serum Visceral Protein Levels as Indicators of Nitrogen Balance in Thermally Injured Patients |
AUG 1991 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Dawn E. Carlson; William G. Cioffi Jr.; Arthur D. Mason; William F. McManus; Basil A. Pruitt Jr; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
|
| Weak Direct Current Accelerates Split-Thickness Graft Healing on Tangentially Excised Second-Degree Burns |
AUG 1991 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Chi-Sing Chu; Albert T. McManus; Carlin V. Okerberg; Arthur D. Mason Jr; Basil A. Pruitt Jr; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
|
| Burn Wound Care |
1990 |
|
| Authors:
J. P. Waymack; Basil A. Pruitt Jr; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
| Advances in the care of burn patients over the last half century have been rivaled only in the field of transplantation. With each step forward in the care of such patients, new problems have been encountered. Among the most challenging of these is the care of the burn wound. Prior to the development of burn fluid resuscitation formulae, only patients with small burn injuries able to survive long enough for ... |
|
| Medical Evaluation of Nonfragment Injury Effects in Armored Vehicle Live Fire Tests: Instrumentation Requirements and Injury Criteria |
SEP 89 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
WALTER REED ARMY INST OF RESEARCH WASHINGTON DC DIV OF MEDICINE
|
| Penetration of armored vehicles by antitank munitions produce a number of potential nonfragment hazards to crew members which include blast overpressure, toxic gases, burns and acceleration. This report outlines the testing methodology and criteria used in the Army's Live Fire Test program to predict injury and fractional incapacitation. Complex blast waves are evaluated using the effective peak pressure method which relates reverberant blast to well accepted criteria used for freefield ... |
|
| Relationship of Transfusion and Infection in a Burn Population |
1989 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Theresa A. Graves; William G. Cioffi; Arthur D. Mason Jr; William F. McManus; Basil A. Pruitt Jr; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
| The relationship between the number of red blood cell transfusions and major infections complications was evaluated in 594 thermal injury patients admitted between 1982 and 1986 who had burns over 10% or more of total body surface area and survived more than 10 days. The mean age of this group was 32.9 years, with a mean burn size of 36% of total body surface area; 83% were male. Of the ... |
|
| The Aluminized Proximity Crash-Rescue Coat/Trouser Ensemble: A Technical Evaluation |
JUN 88 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
M. W. Pine; NAVY CLOTHING AND TEXTILE RESEARCH FACILITY NATICK MA
|
| The Navy Clothing & Textile Research Facility (NCTRF) developed a lightweight, knitted, aluminized Kevlar fabric for fabrication of new fire proximity crash-rescue suits, which provided greater flexibility and comfort to the firefighter in performing his or her duties. The standard suit, fabricated of 100% woven Kevlar, was heavier, stiffer, and much more difficult to move in than the new proximity suit. The new aluminized proximity Kevlar knit crash- rescue (APCR) ... |
|
| Imaging Multispectral Burn Depth Indicator |
30 SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
Martin A. Afromowitz; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE
|
| This research program successfully developed a real-time video imaging system (the Imaging Burn Depth Indicator) which can discriminate between areas of burn wounds expected to heal in three weeks or less from the day of injury, and those areas not expected to heal in that time period. The analysis can be performed on or about the third day post-burn on debrided burn wounds. Early evaluation of burn healing probability is ... |
|
| Host Defense against Opportunist Microorganisms Following Trauma |
15 MAR 87 |
|
| Authors:
Ann B. Bjornson; H. S. Bjornson; William A. Altemeier; Josef E. Fischer; JAMES N GAMBLE INST OF MEDICAL RESEARCH CINCINNATI OH*
|
| Studies were conducted to characterize the changes in serum complement, immunoglobulins, and opsonins induced by thermal injury. These studies demonstrated that the classical and alternative complement pathways are consumed early after thermal injury and there is coordinate reduction in the levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, and opsonic activity for various gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Recent studies have investigated the interrelationships among alterations in various humoral and cellular systems induced ... |
|
| Pharmacological Sparing of Protein and Glucose in Burn Injury and/or Sepsis |
15 JAN 87 |
|
| Authors:
Robert R. Wolfe; Farook Jahoor; David N. Herndon; TEXAS UNIV MEDICAL BRANCH AT GALVESTON
|
| The metabolic effect of lowering glucagon concentration in severely burned patients by means of somatostatin infusion was assessed. In one case the insulin concentration was also decreased (by virtue of inhibition of secretion by somatostatin), and in the second protocol the basal insulin concentration was replaced. Primed-constant infusions of 6,6-d2-glucose and 3-13 C-alanine were used to measure glucose and alanine kinetics. The results of this study indicated that hyperglucagonemia stimulates ... |
|
| Cold Weather Aspects of NBC (Nuclear, Biological and Chemical) Operations - A Survey of Selected Warsaw Pact Open Source Literature |
30 SEP 85 |
|
| Authors:
S. Tesko; ORI INC ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This paper presents a very brief survey of Warsaw Pact views on the impact of cold weather on NBC operations drawn from unclassified open source reporting. Even though the universe of documents was limited, a number of important observations are worth noting: (1) Low temperatures allow the use of otherwise highly volatile agents requiring lower ammunition expenditures to inflict a particular level of damage. (2) Provision of unfrozen water and ... |
|
| Simulation of Area Weapons Effects (SAWE) Safety Criteria |
SEP 85 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
S. Hoxha; J. E. Elliott; ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER DOVER NJ SAFETY OFFICE
|
| This report provides quantified safety criteria for the Simulation of Area Weapons Effects (SAWE) Program. It discusses four specific areas: blast overpressure, blunt trauma, burn, and eye flash hazards. Each hazard is defined as to potential severity and classified according to Army regulation hazard severity levels. Acceptable risk criteria are developed based on severity and probability. |
|
| Techniques for Early Characterization of Burn Injuries |
31 AUG 85 |
|
| Authors:
Martin A. Afromowitz; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Research was directed at the development of two non-invasive tools for characterizing burns during the first few days following injury. The first device measures the optical reflection properties of the burn. Through a proven correlation of this measure with healing time, the device predicts whether the subject burn will heal within three weeks of injury. The second instrument measures skin blood flow patterns as a function of depth below the ... |
|
| Keratinocyte Culture for Burn Treatment Research |
01 SEP 84 |
|
| Authors:
Steven T. Boyce; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
|
| The findings demonstrate that cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes are comparable to human skin tissue in their expression of certain histo-chemical markers for human epidermis. For the markers tested (46-58 kd and 67 kd keratins, filaggrin, involucrin), either whole keratinocyte colonies or cross-sections of colonies were positive for the markers if epidermal tissue was positive and negative if tissue was negative. Keywords: Living skin substitute. |
|
| Chemical Protective Overgarments Solicited from Domestic Manufacturers |
APR 84 |
|
| Authors:
Maurice W. Roy; NAVY CLOTHING AND TEXTILE RESEARCH FACILITY NATICK MA
|
| Eight types of chemical warfare (CW) protective overgarments (OG) submitted by domestic manufacturers were evaluated. Results indicate that none of the candidates were successful in meeting all of the Navy's requirements. Significant deficiencies were noted in the areas of component compatibility, burn injury protection, suitability of packaging materials and sealing methods, durability, and protection against chemical agents. The most successful candidates were constructed from materials similar to those used in ... |
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| Techniques for Early Characterization of Burn Injuries |
28 DEC 83 |
|
| Authors:
Martin A. Afromowitz; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The problem addressed by the research reported on herein is concerned with the development and testing of two different non-invasive instruments for the early characterization of burns. An electro-optic burn depth indicator developed by the author quantitatively measures the red, green, and infrared reflectivity of a burn. We proposed to test this instrument on burns during the first few days post-burn, and determine whether this instrument has value in diagnosing ... |
|
| Wound Healing. Revised |
01 NOV 83 |
|
| Authors:
Stanley M. Levenson; ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL OF MEDICINE BRONX NY
|
| Studies directed toward improving wound healing and resistance to wound infection of severely injured soldiers were conducted to establish improved prophylactic and therapeutic measure. The studies are based on our view that some of the complex series of events which underlie the reparative process and resistance to wound infection are affected adversely by injury and that these may be modifies by nutritional, chemical, and hormonal means, singly and in combination ... |
|
| Prevention and Treatment of Vesication and Poisoning Caused by Arsenicals |
03 JAN 83 |
|
| Authors:
H. V. Aposhian; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON DEPT OF CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
|
| The purpose of this research is to find ways to prevent vesication and poisoning caused by arsenicals including lewisite to develop quantitative analytical procedures for determining the dimercapto compounds in biological fluids and to translate international literature on arsenic antidotes. Research efforts included: DL- AND MESO- DIMERCAPTOSUCCINIC ACID - IN VITRO and IN VIVO STUDIES WITH SODIUM ARSENITE; studying the effect of BAL-INCREASING THE 74 ARSENIC CONTENT OF RABBIT BRAIN; ... |
|
| Techniques for Early Characterization of Burn Injuries |
30 NOV 82 |
|
| Authors:
Martin A. Afromowitz; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| There are at present no objective methods available to medical personnel to quantitatively characterize the depth of burns or to accurately estimate the time required for healing. This information is crucial in the early stages of burn care since it determines whether or not surgical procedures are required. Our research is directed at the development of two non-invasive tools for characterizing burns during the first hours or days following injury. ... |
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Reports by Keyword(s)
BURNS(INJURIES)
